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§ 2. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORKPLACE OF THE ASSEMBLY FITTER.

The workplace of an assembler is a part of the production area of ​​a workshop or site with the necessary equipment, tools, fixtures, materials and supplies that a worker or team uses to complete a production task. During metalwork and assembly work, each mechanic's workplace is allocated an area of ​​6 to 10 m2 (depending on the size of the product being assembled).

The organization of the assembler's workplace means the correct arrangement of equipment, the most advantageous arrangement of tools and parts in the workplace, the systematic supply of parts and auxiliary materials, mechanization and equipping with special devices for the assembly process.

The main workplace of a fitter is Workbench or assembly table on conveyor(Fig. 1, a, b).

Rice. 1. Mechanical assembly mechanic's workplace:

a - a workbench with a mobile assembly table and a device for hanging power tools, b - the location of the tools on the workbench and in the box

Depending on the type of products being assembled, the workbench table is covered with durable sheet material (decorative plastic, linoleum, plywood, etc.). Wooden edges or metal squares are installed on the front and sides of the table top to prevent small parts and tools from falling from the workbench. Depending on the working conditions, workbenches can be single or multi-seat - for two or more workers. In multi-person benches, the distance between the vices should be 1200-1500 mm. The workbench must be durable and stable. Workbenches should be placed in such a way that the passages between them are at least 1.5 m. During conveyor assembly, workbenches should be placed near the conveyor so that the worker is between the conveyor and the workbench. The workplace at the workbench should be well lit. To work in the evening, the workplace is illuminated with an electric light bulb.

The following requirements apply to the workplace:

1. Only what is required to complete a given task should be present at the workplace.

2. Tools, parts and documentation should be located at arm's length; at the same time, objects that the worker uses more often are placed closer, and objects that he uses less often are further away.

3. Everything that is taken with the left hand should be located on the left, and everything that is taken with the right should be located on the right. Everything that is taken with both hands should be in front.

4. Tools and parts should be laid out in the strict sequence of their use, and not scattered or stacked on top of each other.

5. The drawers of the workbench should contain the most frequently used tools, fixtures and materials. All precision measuring instruments must be stored in cases.

6. Files, drills, taps and other cutting tools should be placed on wooden stands so that they are protected from damage.

7. Drawings, instructions, work orders and other documentation should be placed in a visible place for ease of use.

Before starting work, a fitter must familiarize himself with the task, work order, technological process and drawings, prepare the necessary tools, fixtures, materials and parts, having first checked their serviceability.

Assembly mechanic during work is obliged to fully use all working hours throughout the working day, without being distracted from work, and not to leave the workplace without the permission of the foreman, to use the tool only for its intended purpose and to protect it from damage and contamination; strictly follow safety regulations.

At the end of the work, the fitter must tidy up the workplace (equipment, workbench, machines, as well as the area adjacent to them), thoroughly clearing it of chips and debris; lubricate the working parts of the machines with a thin layer of machine oil; clean the tools and devices used during work from dirt and oil; thoroughly clean, wipe the measuring instrument and cover it with a thin layer of Vaseline or acid-free oil; lay out or arrange finished units and parts in designated areas;

spread the jaws of the vice, leaving a gap between them of 5-10 mm.

At the workplace there must be working and control instruments necessary to perform a given operation. The placement of tools, workpieces and materials at the workplace requires: certain requirements:

At the workplace there should be only those tools, materials and workpieces that are necessary to perform this work;

Tools and materials that the worker often uses should be located closer to him (in Fig. 1.4, and these zones are located to the right and left of the worker and are indicated by arcs 1 with a radius of approximately 350 mm);

Tools and materials used less frequently should be located in areas marked by arcs 2 with a radius of approximately 500 mm;

Tools and materials used extremely rarely should be located in areas marked by arcs 3. Their reach is ensured only when the worker’s body is tilted.

Workplace maintenance rules

Due to the fact that the rational organization of the workplace and the correct placement of tools and materials during the work process play a significant role in ensuring its quality, the rules listed below should be observed.

Before starting work you must:

Check the serviceability of the workbench, vice, devices, individual lighting and mechanisms used in the work;

Read the instructions or technological map, drawing and technical requirements for the upcoming work;

Adjust the height of the vice according to your height;

Check the availability and condition of tools, materials, etc. blanks used in work;

Place on the workbench the tools, workpieces, materials and devices necessary for the work.

During work you must:

Have on the workbench only those tools and devices that are currently in use (everything else should be in the drawers of the workbench);

Return the used tool to its original place;

Maintain cleanliness and order in the workplace at all times.

Upon completion of work you must:

Clean the tools from shavings, wipe them, put them in cases and put them in the drawers of the workbench;

Clean the workbench table top and vice from shavings and dirt;

Remove unused materials and workpieces, as well as processed parts, from the workbench;

Turn off individual lighting.

Safety precautions

7. Carry out work related to the removal and installation of heavy vehicle components and assemblies with an assistant. 8. Containers with fuel, lubricants and paints and varnishes stored in the workshop should always be tightly closed. Do not allow such materials to be in the area where sparks fall when using metal-cutting tools. 9. Do not allow oils (especially used oils), antifreeze and electrolytes to come into contact with exposed skin. In case of contact, wash off as quickly as possible with soapy water. 10. Do not use gasoline, diesel fuel, solvents, etc. to clean your hands. 11. Remember that improper maintenance of electrical equipment and fuel equipment can lead to a fire. If you are not confident in your knowledge of servicing these systems, it is better to contact specialists. If you do decide to do the work yourself, strictly follow all recommendations and warnings.

1. Any repair and maintenance work on the vehicle must be carried out in a spacious, well-ventilated and lit room. 2. Workshop equipment (lifting mechanisms, machines, power tools) must be specially adapted for repair operations (for example, to power portable lighting devices, it is advisable to use low voltage sources - 36 or 12 V, and not 220 V). 3. Do not smoke or use open fire in the room where the car is parked, there are fuels and lubricants, etc. 4. When working with plumbing tools, use gloves - they will protect your hands not only from dirt, but also from scratches and cuts. 5. Wear safety glasses when performing any work underneath the car. 6. When carrying out body repairs (puttying, painting, sanding), wear a respirator and provide additional ventilation to the room.

The most important condition for the quality work of assemblers and repair mechanics is the correct organization of their jobs.

Workplace of a fitter

The assembler's workplace must be equipped with high-performance equipment, rolling transport tables, tools, and auxiliary devices. In addition, it is necessary to create healthy and safe working conditions, ensure the cleanliness and order of the workplace.

The layout of assembly mechanics' workplaces may differ depending on the specifics of the workers' activities and the nature of production. The workplace, as a rule, is a table, the supports of which are driver cabinets with a different number of drawers.

The productivity of an assembler depends on the quality of the tools, their correct selection, equipment, as well as the correct equipping of the workplace with additional options, be it proper lighting, a tool storage system, or an electrical panel.

In addition to the main and additional equipment, each assembler’s workplace must have equipment. These are bedside tables, shelving, tablets, bookcases, and industrial containers. Compliance with all these rules in combination will allow us to achieve the highest quality indicators of manufactured products.

In workshops with cement or other “cold” floors, footrests are required when equipping assembly workers’ workplaces. Such stands should be made to avoid possible diseases.

If a mechanic needs to use an electrified tool, then an electrical line is connected to his workplace, and an electrical panel is installed on the workbench itself.

Workplace of a mechanic repairman

A mechanic's workplace also requires special equipment. You will need workbenches, vices, working and measuring tools, as well as auxiliary equipment - shelving, bedside tables, cabinets.

A repairman carries out most of his work on an assembly table or workbench. The vertical working space of the assembly table is occupied by a perforated panel with various tool holders.

The Monolith table series meets all these requirements.

The MONOLITH series tables are designed to organize the workplace of a repairman and assembly mechanic. The layout of the workplace with tables of the MONOLITH series allows you to solve a number of problems with the closed placement of a large number of tools, components and materials that should be in the area of ​​​​quick access for a specialist and at the same time out of the reach of industrial contamination. The MONOLITH series table, depending on the type of tabletop, can withstand loads from 350 to 500 kg of distributed weight. The rigid design of the table, supported by pedestals, does not allow adjustment of the height of the table top.

A repairman's workplace based on the MONOLITH series can be equipped with all standard options and components of the STANDARD series.

The mechanic's workplace based on the MONOLITH series tables is produced by our company in the following configurations:

• NN table supported on two side supports;
• LP table supported by one side support and driver;
• NT table supported by a side leg and a cabinet;
• DD table supported by 2 driver stands;
• DT table supported by a cabinet with a door and driver;
• TT table supported by 2 cabinets with a door.

Typical solutions include driver cabinets D with three and five drawers (D3, D5, respectively), as well as cabinets with an external common door T1, T2 (with 1-2 internal shelves) and TD1 (a cabinet with a drawer, a door and one shelf).

Workplace It is customary to call a space intended for performing a specific job and assigned in production to a worker or group of workers. Moreover, one of the prerequisites for high-quality and productive performance of work is the presence of a well-organized workplace, where equipment, inventory, tools and materials are located in strict order.

The working area per mechanic must be at least 1.6 m2. The production culture largely depends on the placement within the workspace of working and measuring tools, as well as devices for storing tools: bedside tables, drawers, bags, cases, equipment, industrial furniture, devices that provide safe working conditions, etc.

The correct organization of the workspace of a fitter is a thoughtful and practical position of tools and necessary materials on the workbench, in which production tasks require minimal energy costs and time. A properly equipped workspace will always keep the necessary accessories and tools at hand.

The following main rules for organizing the workplace must be strictly observed:

• the workplace must be clean, within its boundaries there must be only those tools that are necessary to perform the actual production task;
• In most cases, workshop floors are cold and made of cement, so to equip the assembler's workplace, there must be a footrest. This will protect the worker from diseases;
• the tool that is used most often should be kept closer, and the tool used less often should be kept further;
• the tool must be placed on the workbench in a certain order: the tool that is used with the right hand (file, hammer, scraper) must be placed to the right of the vice, and the tool that is taken with the left hand (chisel, cross-cutter, center punch) must be held on the left;
• It is recommended to place an accurate control measuring tool on a special stand in the middle part of the workbench;
• drawings, technological maps and other documentation on which the work is performed must be placed on inclined stands.

Precision measuring instruments should be stored in special cases or boxes. Cutting tools with fine teeth should be stored on a wooden stand to protect them from premature wear.

After finishing work, all measuring instruments must be cleaned, wiped dry, and lubricated with a thin layer of machine oil and stored.

Tools should be within arm's reach horizontally and vertically. To begin with, within these limits are the tools that are required constantly. The horizontal reach zone is determined by a semi-arc with a radius of approximately 350 mm for each hand. The maximum zone is 550 mm without tilt and 650 mm at an angle of no more than 30°.

The main object of a mechanic's workplace is the workbench. The quality, productivity and technical safety depend on how rational, practical and thoughtful the workbench is made, on how the tools are placed on it. The normal dimensions of a workbench are usually considered to be height - 750-800 mm, width of the table top - 700-800 mm, length - 1200 mm, distance between the legs of the workbench - 1000-1200 mm. If several people work at one workbench, its length is increased accordingly.

The work place for metalwork can be equipped with workbenches of various types.

The workbench for car repair is a massive table. It must be very strong, stable, bulky enough and cannot move, wobble or sag. The cover of such a workbench is made of boards no more than 50 mm thick from hard wood and upholstered with tin or roofing iron. This prevents nicks.

To repair household appliances, workbench covers are covered with linoleum. Below the lid of the workbench, at least 2 drawers are installed for each mechanic, in which metalwork tools and drawings, fixtures and parts are stored - those in development.

In conclusion of our article, I would like to outline the important criteria by which the workplace of a fitter-assembler is assessed:

• cleanliness of the workplace;
• correct location of the employee’s tools;
• sufficient lighting of the workplace;
• compliance with safety regulations;
• availability of high-quality equipment to perform production tasks.

Test work

For industrial training

Course: 1

Profession: 01/23/03 Auto mechanic

Subject : “Workplace of a mechanic”

Target : midterm control of students' knowledge

Tested knowledge:mechanic's workplace, T/B.

Level of assimilation: 1,2

lead time: 15 minutes

Exercise : complete the sentence, choose the correct answer from the options provided.

Option 1.

1. A mechanic's workplace means:

a) an office in the workshop;

b) part of the area, site, or workshop, which is assigned to a specific employee;
c) workbench.

2. The workplace is intended for……

3. The main equipment of a mechanic's workplace is:

a) vice; b) hammer; c) workbench.

4. Devices intended for securing the processed

Blanks:

A) sponges; b) vice; c) anvil.

5. The height of the vice is adjusted:

A) sponges; b) screw; c) a chisel.

6. The height of the workbench should correspond to……..

7.Before starting work, you must………

8. Work in the workshop in what:

A) overalls; b) T-shirt; c) boots.

9. It is necessary to clean the surface of the workbench after work:

A) brush - sweep; b) hands; c) broom.

10. After finishing work from the workbench, it is prohibited:

A) blow off metal shavings;

B) knock on the anvil;

C) work without sponges.

11. Each workplace must have a tool……

12. When working in the workplace, you must constantly maintain:

A) lights turned off;

B) rug;

IN) Maintain cleanliness and order in the workplace.

13. To clamp the machined finishing surface of the part (product), the working parts of the vice jaws are covered with overlay plates:

A) center punch;

B) mouthpieces;

B) anvil.

14. Upon completion of work, you must…….

Processing the results

Total tasks -14

One task -0.1

	14-13	12-10		Less than 7
KU	1,4-1,3	1,2-1,0	0,9-0,8
Grade	"5"	"4"	"3"	"2"

When performing test work, the following PVCs are formed:

the ability to properly organize a workplace, correctly structure a technological process, logical thinking and imaginative representation, memory.

Sample answers Option 1.
	Correct answer
	performing work of a certain type