A single lesson in HIV aids. All-Russian open lesson dedicated to the fight against AIDS. II. Explanation of the new material

Abstract of the All-Russian open lesson

“Day of Unified Actions to Awareness of Children and Youth Against HIV / AIDS

“Knowledge - responsibility - health ""

The purpose of the open lesson - creation of an information field that expands the understanding of young people about the human immunodeficiency virus and the consequences of the spread of HIV for the social development of the country.

Lesson Objectives:

to draw attention to the problem of the spread of HIV and AIDS;

convey to each participant accurate and complete information about the infection;

learn methods of protecting yourself and loved ones;

get acquainted with the methods of timely diagnosis;

help build a personal strategy to prevent HIV infection.

Lesson structure.

1. Introduction to the topic of the lesson. Updating.

Hello guys.

Throughout its history, mankind is faced with various challenges that threaten to change the natural course of life, to interrupt the evolutionary path of development. Among such threats is the immunodeficiency virus, i.e. HIV, imperceptibly destroying human health, destroying the future of the state and sowing fear in the hearts of young people.

Despite the measures taken, HIV infection continues to affect the general population of the country. Young people are in the high-risk group, which indicates the need to educate the younger generation in Russia.

In 2016, the Foundation for Social and Cultural Initiatives, together with other public organizations, came up with an initiative to once again draw the attention of the population to the problem of the spread of HIV infection in the territory of the Russian Federation.

To this end, from November 28 to December 4, 2016, with the support of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, the Russian Orthodox Church and other organizations, the All-Russian action "Stop HIV / AIDS" by December 1, World AIDS Day.

Expressing solidarity with the whole world, it is customary to attach a red ribbon to clothing on this day. The red ribbon is a symbol of the fight against AIDS, it was invented by the artist Frank Moore in 1991. He, like many celebrities, died because of HIV (1953-2002).

Today we have gathered to hold the All-Russian open lesson "Day of united actions to inform children and youth against HIV / AIDS" Knowledge - responsibility - health "

The main task of this action is to draw attention to the problem of HIV infection and AIDS, to convey to everyone correct and complete information about this disease, to help protect themselves and their loved ones.

This focus on HIV is no coincidence: today, the virus is one of the world's most serious public health threats.

Much has been done in our country to stop the spread of a dangerous virus.

However, the efforts of the state alone are not enough in solving such a complex problem. It is necessary to unite the efforts of the authorities, public organizations, and the media. At the same time, the participation of each citizen is important in solving the problem.Only a person's responsible attitude towards their behavior, adherence to simple rules, and regular testing can protect against HIV infection and prevent its further spread.

We must act together - this is precisely the motto of the Stop HIV / AIDS All-Russian Action.

It is important to remember that HIV today is not a sentence. Timely diagnosis and treatment allow an infected person to live a normal life, create a family, and be happy.

2. The main part. Familiarity with basic information about HIV, which will be expanded and supplemented during the lesson.

Students have worksheets on their desks. (1 for two)

Directly in the process of the Lesson, students are invited to fill out a worksheet, which consists of two columns:"what am I I know about HIV " and"what am I learned about HIV ".

One of the options for conducting this part of the Lesson is to ask the students a question: - What event is today's Lesson dedicated to? Different answers will follow. If the answer is not there, then you can call this date: December 1 - World AIDS Day. Each student enters this information into the required column.

Then the teacher asks a series of questions, which either gets an answer, which students write down in the column “what I know about HIV”, or leaves these questions unanswered in order to get an answer to them after the video is finished.

Questions to ask:

What is HIV and AIDS?

What happens when you get HIV?

Are there symptoms of HIV infection?

How does HIV turn into AIDS?

How is HIV transmitted? And how is it not transmitted?

When did you first become aware of HIV infection?

Who can get HIV? Who are at risk?

What should be done to avoid being infected with HIV?

Where can you get advice about HIV infection?

How and where to carry out laboratory examination (testing) for HIV?

What is the incubation period for the manifestation of HIV infection?

How to prolong the life of a person infected with HIV?

Why do you need to know your HIV status?

Before starting direct viewing of the video broadcast, the teacher discusses with the students that they probably do not know the correct answers to all the questions. You can find out this information by watching the video tutorial. All new information for themselves that learners learn in the process of watching, they write in the column "What I learned about HIV."

Watching the video broadcast "Stop HIV / AIDS"

The video consists of several blocks, the content of each examines different aspects of the spread of HIV: from the standpoint of scientific research, as a medical problem, the social consequences of the spread of HIV, methods of therapy and prevention.

At the end of the Lesson, repeat the questions that were not answered at the beginning, as well as ask the students what they learned new and what information about HIV made a special impression on them.

Ask the trainees what specific actions they can suggest to prevent the spread of HIV? The most interesting and possible proposals are selected together.

Invite students to formulaterules of a healthy life , for recording in individualworksheets.

At the end of the event, pupils and teachers are photographed with the hashtag STOPWICHSPID

On November 28, the All-Russian campaign “Stop HIV / AIDS” started in the Russian Federation. The promotion will last until December 4th. The main goal is to draw public attention to the problem of the spread of HIV infection in our country.
The action is timed to coincide with the All-Russian Day of Fight Against AIDS, which is traditionally celebrated all over the world on December 1. Within 7 days in educational organizations, military preparatory, military educational institutions, in educational colonies for minors, as well as for citizens doing military service by conscription and contract in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, there will be open lessons dedicated to the prevention of the spread of HIV ... In addition to the open lessons, a large-scale awareness-raising campaign will be carried out.
On December 2, 2016, an open lesson “Day of united actions to inform children and youth against HIV / AIDS“ KNOWLEDGE - RESPONSIBILITY - HEALTH ”will take place, which will be held in the format“ Students to Children ”. The start time of the Open Lesson is 13.00 Moscow time. The basis of the open lesson is a video film that reflects, in a format familiar to a young audience, topical issues of combating HIV infection.
The broadcast of the open lesson is provided on the television channel "Russia-24", on the Internet on the resource: stopwichspid.rf, as well as on the website of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education "Academy of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Educators". In addition to these methodological materials, employees of Sverdlovsk educational institutions can use the methodological recommendations for carrying out measures for the prevention of HIV infection among young people, which are posted on the official website of the Ministry of Education in the section "Children's Health Campaign and Interagency Cooperation" on the website of the state budgetary institution of Sverdlovsk area "Center for psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance" Lado ", in the sections" Library "," Author's development ".
According to statistics, 146 million people live in the Russian Federation today, of which more than 850 thousand are HIV-positive. Every day 11 people in Russia are infected with HIV. “This attention to HIV is not accidental: today the virus is one of the world's most serious public health threats. According to the World Health Organization, more than 37 million people are living with HIV, more than 34 million have died from this dangerous disease in the 30 years that have passed since its discovery, ”says the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation, co-chairman of the Organizing Committee of the All-Russian Action“ Stop HIV / AIDS "Veronica Skvortsova.
Svetlana Medvedeva, President of the Foundation for Social and Cultural Initiatives, Chair of the Organizing Committee of the All-Russian Action "Stop HIV / AIDS": "I am sure that through joint efforts of the state and society, we will be able to convey to our younger generation the importance of responsible civic behavior."
The organizers of the action are the Foundation for Social and Cultural Initiatives, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation.
The Ministry of Education of the Sverdlovsk Region recommended to subordinate institutions for the Day of Fight Against AIDS: to arrange information stands; organize the broadcast of effective practices in the field of HIV / AIDS prevention; post information about the All-Russian action on the official websites of educational institutions. All schools in the region will host HIV prevention activities: actions, class hours, discussions, etc.

"Day of united actions to inform children and youth against HIV / AIDS" Knowledge - responsibility - health ""

The spread of HIV infection among the population of Russia is one of the most significant medical and social problems in our country.

According to official data (as of December 31, 2015), there are more than 820 thousand people infected with HIV in Russia, and the situation continues to deteriorate. This is evidenced by the following facts:

- every 5 minutes the immunodeficiency virus infects 1 person or 12 people per hour, which is about 270 people per day;

- in 2015, more than 100 thousand new cases of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus were detected;

- the epidemiological situation associated with HIV infection goes beyond the vulnerable groups of the population into the general population.

In this regard, informational, educational and training activities on the prevention of the spread of HIV infection, carried out among young students, acquire a special social significance. That will allow to involve different groups of the population of Russia in the movement for a value-conscious, conscientious attitude to their health and health: pupils, students, parents and teachers.

The problem of the spread of HIV will be covered at the II All-Russian Forum for Specialists in the Prevention and Treatment of HIV / AIDS, which will be held in Moscow on November 28-29 in Moscow (http://o-spide.ru/forum2016/). The forum will discuss vital issues:

 Is the rate of increase in the incidence of HIV infection a national threat to Russia?

 Which populations are at increased risk?

 What measures are being taken to prevent and combat HIV / AIDS at the federal and regional levels?

 What are the goals set by the state to reduce the growth rate of morbidity and what decisions are being implemented to achieve them in the short and medium term?

 What has been the most successful experience in preventing the spread of this disease?

By order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2203-r dated October 20, 2016, the State Strategy for Counteracting the Spread of HIV Infection in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 and beyond (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy) was approved, which defines the goal, objectives and main directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation. Federation for the Prevention of the Spread of Chronic Disease Caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (hereinafter referred to as HIV infection).

The document can be viewed on the official Internet portal of the Russian Ministry of Health on HIV / AIDS prevention. (http://o-spide.ru/upload/iblock/79b/79b33d2e300470bd0ef9d147a00d58d3.pdf)

At the initiative of the Foundation for Social and Cultural Initiatives under the patronage of Svetlana Medvedeva, a set of events is being held in Russia dedicated to important dates in the fight against AIDS within the framework of the United Nations (UN) - this is World AIDS Day (December 1, according to the calendar United Nations), as well as World Remembrance Day of AIDS Victims (third Sunday in May), which was initiated by the social movement of people living with HIV and AIDS. The relevant ministries were involved in the events: the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media.

In May 2016, the All-Russian Action to Combat HIV Infection (hereinafter referred to as the Action) was held, which was timed to coincide with the World AIDS Victims' Remembrance Day. The key event of the Action was the Open Student Forum (hereinafter referred to as the Forum), which took place on May 14, 2016 in the format of thematic round tables at the country's higher educational institutions.

From November 28 to December 4, 2016, the next All-Russian action "Stop HIV / AIDS" will be held, timed to coincide with the World AIDS Day. The key event of the action will be the broadcast on December 2, 2016 of the All-Russian open video lesson “Day of Unified Actions to Inform Children and Youth Against HIV / AIDS“ Knowledge - Responsibility - Health ””. The main motto of the action is “Stop AIDS Together!”.

The estimated timing of the video lesson is about 25 minutes. Well-known media figures, students of leading Russian educational institutions of higher professional education were involved in the creation of the Lesson, who will provide information on various aspects of the fight against AIDS.

For productive and effective work on the preparation and conduct of the Lesson in educational organizations, teachers must first familiarize themselves with relevant information regarding various aspects of nature, the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus, as well as measures to protect and prevent this syndrome.

A few more questions about HIV

It is possible that the original approach to the form of the Lesson is an Internet lesson, the information that students learn from the plot will raise additional questions for the teacher.

How frankly should the young generation be told about HIV and its prevention?

- Modern schoolchildren and students have access to any information, but they need to discuss this information with a competent adult, in whom they have confidence. One of the main points that determine the importance of such discussions is the perception of personal threat, which is a necessary prerequisite for changing behavior. The ability to answer uncomfortable questions is the real prevention of HIV infection.

What is Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?

- The immunodeficiency virus was independently discovered in 1983 by scientists in the laboratory of the Pasteur Institute in France and the National Cancer Institute in the United States. The retrovirus was isolated from the tissues of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In 1986, it was decided to name the virus - Human Immunodeficiency Virus. For the discovery of the virus, scientists Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barre-Sinoussi were awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

The main danger of HIV is that, once it enters the human body, it completely destroys the affected cells responsible for human immunity. As a result, the work of the human immune system is suppressed, and he becomes defenseless against infections that are not typical for people with normal immune status, as well as the development of various tumors. Over time, acquired immune deficiency syndrome or AIDS develops in the body of an HIV-infected person.

AIDS is the final stage in the development of HIV, in the absence of treatment. Information that the virus irreversibly destroys the cells of the immune system should convince of the need for mandatory adherence to preventive measures or mandatory medical supervision and daily use of antiretroviral therapy in case of HIV infection. (Note: Treatment and follow-up ensures up to 30 years of good quality life.) Understanding the global threat of HIV infection to humankind led the World Health Organization (WHO) to develop a global AIDS program in 1987 and the United Nations (UN) in 1988 declared December 1 World AIDS Day.

Already in 1989, 140 thousand patients were identified in 130 countries. From 1981 to 2015, 34 million people infected with HIV died worldwide. More than 37 million are living with HIV, with the largest number of infected people living in South Africa (over 25.8 million). In Eastern Europe, more than 1.5 million infected have been recorded, of which in the Russian Federation, according to the state statistical observation, in the period from 1985 to 2015, 824,706 cases of antibodies to the immunodeficiency virus were detected in the blood. During the same period, more than 200 thousand people died in Russia.

Currently, more than 43% of people infected with HIV in the world receive antiretroviral therapy, which allows you to suppress the virus and significantly, up to several decades, prolong the life of an infected person. In Russia in 2015, 37.3% of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and who are under dispensary supervision received antiretroviral therapy.

Global efforts to prevent HIV infection in the world have yielded very good results:

the number of new HIV infections has decreased by 35%;

the death rate from AIDS has decreased by 24%.

At the same time, the situation with HIV infection in Russia remains very difficult: 22 constituent entities of the Russian Federation account for 50% of cases of the total number of new cases of HIV infection, which contributes to the preservation of a tense epidemiological situation.

What are the routes and sources of infection?

- It is important to understand that the only source of HIV infection is an infected person, while he himself may not know about his virus carrier. Infection with HIV requires direct contact with the circulatory system or with the cell membranes of the mucous membranes, that is, damaged skin and mucous membranes are a direct route for infection to enter the human body.

It should be remembered that the human immunodeficiency virus can be found in all fluids of an infected organism, but in dangerous concentrations - in blood, semen, breast milk, therefore it is this feature of the virus that affects the mechanisms of its transmission from person to person.

Research has shown that there are three main routes of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus:

 sexual, associated with sexual activity - both homosexual and heterosexual;  perinatal (vertical) - from HIV-infected mother to infant during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. Who are at risk? In addition to the traditional idea of ​​risk groups, including drug addicts, homosexuals, persons who have casual sex, people receiving donated blood and (or) its components, there are cases of heterosexual infection from a permanent partner who does not have bad habits. This means that, in addition to the medical and social problem, HIV infection has given rise to the moral problem of trust in a loved one.

Long-term observations have shown that the problem of trust as a value category has become the subject of study of psychologists working in the field of HIV prevention, since it became obvious that it is the factor of unconditional trust in an intimate partner or loved one that often determines the risk of HIV infection. Trust in a partner explains the reason for not taking precautions, in particular a condom. As a result, the fear of demonstrating doubt about the possible presence of HIV in a loved one contributes to the refusal to use protective equipment.

Thus, true trust, built on taking care of not only your own health, but also your partner's, turns into a risky pastime. This is confirmed by data from international studies, which indicate that AIDS is among the most common causes of death of heterosexual men and women aged 25 to 55 years, among infectious diseases. There is confirmation of these data in Russia: the largest number of infected people is observed in the age groups of 30–34 years old and 35–39 years old. HIV education is of particular importance to adolescents and young people. Scientific research into the human immunodeficiency virus has led the medical community to conclude that the majority of 20-30-year-old AIDS patients contracted during adolescence. This is explained by the fact that this period is characterized by impulsivity, uncertainty, susceptibility to group influence, a pronounced need for identification with the group, which causes risky behavior in relation to drugs, unprotected sex. Consequently, preventive work in this age group should be aimed not only at correcting the individual behavior of students, their self-esteem and the ability to say "no", but also at the group as a whole, which will help to build the right route of socialization that presupposes a healthy lifestyle.

Thus, in addition to the biological conditioning of the ways of spreading HIV, another factor influencing the spread of HIV is revealed - a form of behavioral activity.

It is this goal - to draw the attention of students, their parents, teachers to the problem of the spread of HIV, to raise awareness of the ways of infection and ways of protection, as well as to form an active position on the prevention of HIV / AIDS among young people - set by the organizers of the All-Russian Internet lesson “STOP HIV / AIDS ”within the framework of the all-Russian action timed to coincide with World AIDS Day on December 1, 2016.

A very important aspect of preparing for an open lesson, and in the future continuation of preventive work, is the clarification of the HIV testing procedure.

How and where to carry out laboratory examination (testing) for HIV?

- Laboratory examination for HIV is an integral component of medical examination, which includes, in addition to laboratory examination, preliminary and subsequent counseling. Medical examination is carried out with the obligatory consent of the patient on the basis of anonymity. In Russia, there are more than 170 specialized medical institutions for the prevention and treatment of AIDS / HIV in all major regional and district centers of the country. There is an approved procedure for conducting a medical examination for HIV, consisting of three mandatory stages:

Stage I - preliminary consultation;

Stage II - laboratory examination;

Stage III - follow-up counseling.

Preliminary and subsequent counseling is mandatory, since the examinee should receive information about HIV prevention and infection, as well as commentary on the results of the examination received and the necessary recommendations. In 90–95% of infected people, antibodies appear within 3 months, in 5–9% - after 6 months. from the moment of infection, in 0.5-1% - at a later date. The earliest time at which antibodies were detected is 4 weeks from the moment of infection.

When the diagnosis is confirmed, the HIV-infected person is invited to come under dispensary observation. This is very important, since it has already been proven that early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) stops the multiplication of the virus and reduces the viral load to undetectable, which can significantly improve the patient's quality of life and increase life expectancy. Answers to some questions

Site: http: //www.xn--b1aela1agclef3d.xn--p1ai/ http://o-spide.ru/

Section "Test your knowledge"

1. What is HIV and AIDS?

HIV infection is an incurable infectious disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the last stage of HIV infection, which develops on average 10-12 years after infection and is accompanied by the destruction of the immune system.

1. What happens when you get HIV?

Immediately after contracting HIV, most people do not feel anything out of the ordinary. However, the virus lurking in the body begins to multiply and slowly, imperceptibly destroy the human immune system.

1. Are there symptoms of HIV infection?

The virus can remain in the body for several years without symptoms before symptoms of the disease appear. A third of those infected after a few weeks may develop a condition similar to acute respiratory infections or flu, doctors call it "acute HIV infection." As a rule, no one associates this with HIV infection. In this case, the person's temperature rises, he feels weakness, headache, sore throat. Diarrhea (diarrhea) or a rash is sometimes seen. This condition usually lasts a couple of weeks and then goes away. The most unpleasant thing is that during this initial period, even testing for HIV can give an incorrect result, because the body has not yet developed antibodies to the virus.

A person can look and feel completely healthy for a long time and at the same time transmit the virus to others. This is the danger of HIV infection.

Symptoms of HIV infection necessarily appear in an infected person at the AIDS stage. Against the background of immunodeficiency, a person develops secondary diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, tumors and other diseases.

1. How does HIV turn into AIDS?

HIV infects various cells of the body, primarily the cells of the immune system (CD4 lymphocytes), causing their death. Over time, lymphocytes lose their ability to make antibodies and fight infections. Human immunity falls. Gradually, HIV infection passes into its final stage, and the person is diagnosed with AIDS.

A weakened body becomes susceptible to diseases that a healthy person's immune system would normally cope with if left untreated with antiretroviral drugs. When the body's resistance is completely lost, diseases become so aggravated that a person dies ..

1. How is HIV transmitted?

 Through blood - most often when using drugs, but it can also be transmitted through the use of non-sterile medical instruments, transfusion of blood components, tattooing, piercing with an infected instrument, using someone else's shaving and manicure accessories.

 During sexual intercourse without a condom. Even a single contact can lead to infection.

 From mother to child - during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding.

1. And how is it not transmitted?

 With common forms of greetings (handshakes, friendly kisses, hugs).

 When using common personal belongings, household items, toys, bedding, toilet, bath, shower, pool, cutlery and dishes, drinking fountains, sports equipment (saliva, sweat, tears, urine are not dangerous for infection if they contain no visible blood).

 For insect bites.

 Airborne droplets (when coughing and sneezing).

 When kissing through saliva, HIV is also not transmitted.

Can an HIV test be negative in a person infected with HIV?

Unfortunately yes. In the first 3 months after contracting HIV, HIV testing may be negative. In some people with peculiarities of the immune system, this period can even increase up to 6 months. This happens because the body has not yet developed antibodies to the virus, which the test detects. Doctors call this period the "seronegative window." Therefore, you should not run to the examination the next morning after a dangerous contact, it still will not show the true result - you will have to wait at least 1-3 months. Better to save nerve cells and not take risks!

There were 5,600 new HIV infections in the world every day in 2014, and during the year 2 million people became infected with HIV and 1.2 million people died from AIDS-related illnesses.

Currently, the majority of patients in the world still do not receive treatment, and about half do not even know about their diagnosis, because they have not been tested for HIV.

How many people have become infected with HIV in the world?

According to UN estimates, the number of people living with HIV infection by the end of 2014 was 36.9 million. During the existence of HIV infection (since 1981) in the world about 34 million people have died from the disease - that is, almost half of the 70 million infected with HIV. This characterizes the disease as the most devastating epidemic in human history and explains the scale of the measures being taken.

There were 5,600 new HIV infections every day in 2014, and during the year 2 million people became infected with HIV and 1.2 million people died from AIDS-related illnesses.

Currently, in the world, most patients are still not receiving treatment, and about half do not even know about their diagnosis, because they have not been tested for HIV.

And how many patients are there in Russia?

In Russia, the HIV epidemic began much later than in America and Europe, and continues to grow.

In the Russian Federation, according to the federal state statistical observation (Rosstat form No. 61), the number of registered cases of detection of antibodies to HIV as of December 31, 2015 was 824,706, of which 79,967 were in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. During 2015, 581,716 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus were in specialized medical organizations under dispensary supervision, which amounted to 70.5% of the number of registered cases.

Over the entire period of the epidemic in the country (from 1987 to 2015), 237,790 people infected with HIV died. Of course, we were able to identify not all patients, since not everyone is tested for HIV, and in reality there are even more of them.

In recent years, the number of new cases of HIV infection in Russia has increased by 10-12% per year, and mortality due to the disease is also growing. In 2015, 100,220 Russians were first identified - every 5 minutes in the country, 1 person became infected with HIV.

Who is most at risk of contracting HIV in Russia?

Of course, people who are most at risk of contracting HIV are those who have behavior that is dangerous in terms of HIV infection: drug users, people who have promiscuous sex.

The most unfavorable situation in terms of HIV infection in the country has developed in the Urals and Siberia: in the Irkutsk, Sverdlovsk, Kemerovo, Samara, Orenburg, Leningrad, Tyumen regions and the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and a number of other regions.

In what year was World AIDS Day first celebrated?

World AIDS Day was first held on December 1, 1988. World AIDS Day is aimed at raising public awareness about HIV / AIDS and demonstrating international solidarity in the face of the threat of a global HIV epidemic (or instead of “global epidemic” you can write “pandemics”), caring for sick people, especially in countries with high the burden of HIV infection.

The organization of events on this day implies, first of all, wide access to information about this virus and the disease, support for preventive measures, including involvement in voluntary testing. Also, the activities are aimed at preventing discrimination and stigma against people living with HIV. Famous people who died from AIDS

Freddie Mercury Freddie mercury(1946–1991), British musician and vocalist of the Queen band.

Rock hudson Rock hudson(1925-1985), American actor, the first celebrity to publicly disclose her HIV status.

Rudolf Nureyev Rudolf Nureyev(1938-1993), Russian ballet dancer, one of the greatest dancers of the twentieth century.

Miles Davis Miles Davis(1926–1991), American trumpeter, jazzman, conductor and composer.

Klaus Nomi Klaus nomi(1944-1983), German countertenor popular in America. First celebrity to die of AIDS

Eric "Eazy E" Wright Eric “Eazy E” Wright(1963-1995), American rapper, member of the gangsta rap group N.W.A.

Alan Murphy Alan murphy(1953-1989), English guitarist. He worked, in particular, with "Level 42".

Arthur Ash Arthur ashe(1943–1993), American tennis player and social activist; won three Grand Slam tournaments.

Frank Moore Frank moore(1953-2002), American artist, creator of the red ribbon - a symbol of the fight against AIDS. He contracted HIV as a result of a blood transfusion during heart surgery in 1983.

Isaac Asimov Isaac Asimov(1920–1992), Russian-American writer and biochemist, author of many best-selling science fiction books and popular science books.

Michel Foucault Michel foucault(1926-1984), French philosopher and writer, known for his critical studies of various social institutions.

Herve Gibert Herve guibert(1955-1990), French writer and film director.

Gia Carangi Gia carangi(1960-1986), American supermodel. Glossary

(http://www.u-hiv.ru/gloss.htm)

ANTIBODY is a protein compound that the body produces in response to an antigen in order to destroy or neutralize bacteria, viruses, poisons or other foreign substances.

ACYCLOVIR is a synthetic analogue of a purine nucleoside. Its mechanism of action is based on the inhibition of DNA synthesis. ACYCLOVIR is effective against most herpes viruses, but the best effect is achieved in the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2, varicella zoster, the effect on Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses is weaker.

ASYMPTOMIC (asymptomatic) - about a disease that passes in the absence of internal painful sensations or any external manifestations.

HAART - HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY is a method of therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus, which consists of taking three or four drugs, as opposed to monotherapy (1 drug), which was previously used.

HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) - causes the appearance of warts on the hands and feet, as well as various formations on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, genital warts of the anus and genitals.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a human immunodeficiency virus. According to most scientists, it leads to AIDS. Refers to lentiviruses, a subgroup of retroviruses.

HERPETIC VIRUSES (herpesvirus, herpetoviridae) are a group of viruses that include herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex type-2 (HSV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus and varicella-zoster virus.

HYPERTHERMIA (hyperthermia, hyperthermy) - very high body temperature, over 41 ° C; a method of treating diseases by increasing body temperature.

HYPERTROPHY (hypertrophy) - an increase in the volume and mass of an organ.

DNA (DNA) - deoxyribonucleic acid. A constituent part of the cell nucleus that contains the genetic code. To develop an immune response in the host organism against a viral infection, a whole virus is not needed, it is enough to have one or more proteins located on its surface. This is what DNA vaccines provide. They are usually a piece of DNA containing a specific gene, on which the body synthesizes the required protein antigen.

LONG-TERM NONPROGRESSORS - "long-livers" - people who have been infected with HIV for seven or more years and at the same time have a consistently high, above 600, number of CD4 + cells per cubic millimeter of blood, who do not suffer from any of the diseases caused by HIV and never received any antiviral treatment.

IMMUNITY (immunity) - the body's immunity to infectious and non-infectious agents and substances: bacteria, viruses, poisons and other products foreign to the body.

IMMUNIZATION (immunization) - specific prevention of infections.

IMMUNE SYSTEM (immune system) - a set of organs, tissues and cells that ensure the development of the immune response.

IMMUNOBLOT (western blot) - a method of laboratory testing of blood serum for the presence of antibodies to HIV; it is more accurate than ELISA and is used to confirm ELISA results.

IMMUNE RESPONSE (immune response) - the actions of the immune system in response to the invasion of foreign substances.

IMMUNOGLOBULINS (immunoglobulins) - a group of proteins contained in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid and involved in the defense mechanism against pathogens of infectious diseases.

IMMUNODEFICIENCY (immunodeficiency) - the inability of some parts of the immune system to function normally, as a result of which the human body's resistance to infectious agents decreases and the likelihood of developing various diseases, which otherwise the patient would not have been exposed to, increases.

Immunomodulators - immune response modulators - natural or synthesized substances that stimulate, direct or restore a normal immune response.

ELISA - ELISA - a laboratory test to determine the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood; HIV antibody test.

IN VITRO (in vitro) - in vitro - research or manipulation carried out in a specially created artificial environment outside a living organism, in laboratory conditions.

INTERFERON (interferon) - a protective substance of a protein nature, produced by the body in response to the penetration of a viral infection. ELISA (ELISA) - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - a laboratory test to determine the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood; HIV antibody test.

INFECTION (infection) - a condition when a foreign agent (bacteria, fungus or virus) is introduced into the body (or part of the body), which multiplies and produces a disease-causing effect (active infection).

CELL IMMUNITY (cell-mediated immunity) - a part of the immune system that responds to the invasion of foreign material not by the formation of antibodies, but with the help of certain protective cells (T-lymphocytes, killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and other leukocytes).

COMBINATION THERAPY (combination therapy) - the simultaneous use of two, three or more drugs. Research shows that taking multiple antiviral drugs for HIV infection is more effective than using just one drug.

Leukocytes are white blood cells that can pass from the bloodstream to body tissues and vice versa. They perform an immune function by protecting the body from foreign substances and by participating in the production of antibodies.

LEUKOCYTOSIS (leukocytosis) - an abnormally high number of leukocytes in the blood.

LENTIVIRUSES (lentivirus) - "slow" viruses, which are characterized by a long period between infection and the appearance of the first symptoms.

LYMPH NODES (lymph glands) - small glands in the form of a grain of beans, consisting mainly of lymphocytes, lymph and connective tissue.

LYMPHATIC VESSELS (lymphatic vessels) - a network of vessels, similar to blood vessels, through which lymph enters the organs of the immune system and into the bloodstream.

LYMPHOMA (lymphoma) - a malignant lesion of lymphoid tissue. Cancer of the lymphatic system, often associated with T- or B-lymphocytes. There are different categories of lymphomas, including lymphogranulomatosis (HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA), Burkitt's lymphoma, and lymphoblastoma (lymphosarcoma).

LIPIDS (lipids) - fats and fat-like compounds, including steroids, fatty acids and many other substances. LYMPHOCYTES (lymphocyte) - one of the types of leukocytes. White blood cells that mature and inhabit the lymphoid organs. Lymphocytes carry out an immune response associated with acquired immunity.

FALSE-POSITIVE - A positive test result (for example, for HIV antibodies) in a person who does not actually have the infection or disease for which the test was done.

FALSE-NEGATIVE - A negative test result in a person who actually has the infection or disease for which the test was done.

MONOTHERAPY (monotherapy) - use in the treatment of only one drug. COMBINATION THERAPY (combination therapy) - the simultaneous use of two, three or more drugs.

NUCLEIC ACIDS are building blocks (“building blocks”) of DNA, a complex chemical compound that carries the genetic information of every living cell.

NUCLEOTIDES are the main building materials from which the genetic material of the cell is created.

OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS (opportunistic pathogens) - a disease of a person with a weakened immune system, caused by a microorganism that, as a rule, is not pathogenic for an ordinary person.

ACUTE RETROVIRAL SYNDROME - a period of acute primary HIV infection within three months after infection. Often goes unnoticed, but may present with symptoms similar to mononucleosis.

PALLIATIVE - about a treatment that does not provide recovery, but only provides relief from symptoms.

PARENTERAL - administered intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.

POLYMERASE CHAIN ​​REACTION (PCR) is a highly sensitive assay that detects DNA fragments of viruses or other organisms in the blood or body tissues.

PROVIRUS is the genetic material of a virus in the form of DNA, which has entered the genome of the host organism. When HIV is in a latent form in the cells of the human body, it is a provirus.

RESISTANCE (addiction to a drug) - the ability of an organism, microorganism or virus to lose sensitivity to a drug. For example, after 6-12 months of using AZT, HIV is capable of producing mutations and producing new strains that are no longer affected by this drug.

REMISSION - temporary weakening or disappearance of the symptoms of the disease. It can occur as a result of treatment, activation of the body's defenses and in connection with the specific features of the development of the disease.

RETROVIRUSES are a class of viruses that copy genetic material using RNA as a template for DNA production (HIV refers to retroviruses).

AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX (SSK) is an unofficial term that is used to refer to a number of symptoms observed in some patients with HIV infection: decreased immune status, sudden weight loss, frequent or prolonged fever, night sweats, generalized lymphadenopathy and / or fungal infections of the mouth and throat.

T-LYMPHOCYTES - "SUPRESSORS" - (T-8, CD-8) - white blood cells that help regulate the body's response to infection.

RISK FACTOR - anything in the current events, environment, personal characteristics of a person that increases the likelihood of developing a certain disease or changes in health.

PHAGOCYTOSIS - absorption and destruction of foreign material by white blood cells (eg, macrophages).

EPIDEMIC - the spread of an infectious disease, significantly higher than the usual incidence in a given area. 26

From November 28 to December 4, the All-Russian action "Stop HIV / AIDS" is taking place. It is dedicated to World AIDS Day, December 1. The last time such an action was held in May 2016.

Round tables, conferences and other events are held throughout Russia throughout the week.

Figures and facts

The first case of HIV infection in Russia was officially registered in 1987. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) destroys and weakens the function of immune cells, therefore, infected people gradually develop immunodeficiency and if treatment is not started, then 10-12 years after infection, HIV infection enters the last stage - AIDS, which is accompanied by the destruction of the immune system and the person dies.

25 years after the first recorded case in our country, there were already more than 650 thousand sick citizens. The annual increase in the spread of HIV infection by 10-12% over the past few years has led to the fact that today more than 820 thousand citizens live in Russia with the HIV virus.

Every 5 minutes 1 person becomes infected with a dangerous virus in Russia.

Public lesson

On December 2, an open lesson on this topic was held in institutions of secondary general, secondary vocational and higher education. It was also held in military preparatory and military educational institutions, in educational colonies for minors, as well as for citizens doing military service under conscription and contract in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

All-Russian open lesson "Day of Unified Actions to Aware Children and Youth Against HIV / AIDS" KNOWLEDGE - RESPONSIBILITY - HEALTH " skills that help reduce the risk of HIV / AIDS.

The lesson was prepared by university students and healthcare professionals in Russia.

“We took into account the peculiarities and traditions of the educational environment, the type of educational organization, age categories, psychological and other specifics of the participants in the lesson,” Olga Vasilyeva, Minister of Education and Science of Russia, commented on the educational video.

She said that the film is focused on the perception of information - "these are the features of epidemiology, and the ways of transmission and the mechanism of infection, methods of prevention, treatment, social and humanitarian aspects."

“The scenario is based on the principle of multidimensionality, which involves a combination of three aspects of preventive activities - the educational aspect, the social aspect, the psychological aspect," added Vasilyeva.

“The participation of every citizen is important in solving the problem. Only a person's responsible attitude towards their behavior, adherence to simple rules, and regular testing can protect against HIV infection and prevent its further spread. We must act together - this is precisely the motto of our action, ”said Veronika Skvortsova in her speech at a conference at Moscow State University.

As part of the action, a social video was also prepared.

Not just lectures

At Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, an event dedicated to topical issues of the spread of HIV infection, master classes and lectures on topical issues of psychological and pedagogical support for the prevention of HIV infection with subsequent broadcast on the Internet.

All week you can get free express HIV testing with obligatory pre- and post-test counseling.

A special illumination was organized on the building of the Moscow Government on Novy Arbat. An art object in the form of graffiti on the wall of one of the houses was also discovered.

The Moscow City AIDS Center Hotline operates around the clock.