Concept, purpose, objectives and features of drawing up a business plan. Goals of the business plan and main objectives The main goals of business planning

Business plan– a brief, accurate, accessible and understandable description of the proposed business, the most important tool when considering a large number of different situations, allowing you to select the most promising solutions and determine the means to achieve them.

A business plan is a document that allows you to manage a business, so it can be presented as an integral element of strategic planning and as a guide for execution and control. It is important to consider a business plan as the planning process itself and an internal management tool. A business plan is a kind of document that insures the success of the proposed business, at the same time, a business plan is a self-learning tool.

Main goal developing a business plan is planning the company’s economic activities for the immediate and long-term periods in accordance with market needs and the ability to obtain the necessary resources. Along with the main, defining goal, business plan writers must reflect other goals:

social goals - overcoming the shortage of goods and services, improving the environmental situation, improving the psychological climate in the country, creating new spiritual and cultural values, developing scientific, technical and creative potential, expanding business contacts and international relations;
increasing the status of an entrepreneur - developing and strengthening the economic potential of an entrepreneur (including production potential, financial, technical and technological, scientific, educational, as well as spiritual). This serves as a condition and guarantee for the possibility of successful subsequent transactions, increasing the prestige of the entrepreneur generated by his fame, good reputation, guarantees of high quality goods and services;
other, special goals and objectives - developing contacts, foreign trips, joining various kinds of associations, etc.

Or, for example:

understand the degree of reality of achieving the intended results;
prove to a certain circle of people the feasibility of reorganizing the work of an existing company or creating a new one;
convince company employees of the possibility of achieving the qualitative or quantitative indicators outlined in the project, etc.

The main center of the business plan is the concentration of financial resources to solve strategic problems, i.e. it is designed to help the entrepreneur solve the following main problems related to the functioning of the company:

determine specific areas of activity, promising markets and the company’s place in these markets;
estimate the costs required for the manufacture and marketing of products, compare them with the prices at which the goods will be sold in order to determine the potential profitability of the project;
identify the compliance of the company’s personnel and the conditions for motivating their work with the requirements for achieving the set goals;
analyze the material and financial situation of the company and determine whether the material and financial resources correspond to the achievement of the intended goals;
calculate risks and foresee difficulties that may interfere with the implementation of the business plan.

In modern practice, a business plan fulfills five functions.

First of which is related to the possibility of using it to develop a business strategy. This function is vital during the creation of an enterprise, as well as when developing new areas of activity.

Second function– planning. It allows you to assess the possibilities of developing a new line of activity and control processes within the company.

Third function allows you to attract funds - loans, credits. In modern Russian conditions, without credit resources it is almost impossible to carry out any significant project, but getting a loan is not easy. The main reason is not so much the problem of high interest rates as the increased non-repayment of loans. In this situation, banks are taking a whole range of measures to ensure the return of funds, among which the requirements of bank guarantees, real collateral and others should be noted, but the decisive factor in granting a loan is the presence of a well-developed business plan.

Fourth function allows you to attract potential partners to the implementation of the company's plans who wish to invest their own capital or their technology into production. Resolving the issue of providing capital, resources or technology is only possible if there is a business plan that reflects the company's development course for a certain period of time.

Fifth function by involving all employees in the process of drawing up a business plan, it helps to improve their awareness of upcoming actions, coordinate efforts, and create motivation to achieve goals.

Preparing and effectively using a business plan is of utmost importance. This plan may be developed by a manager, executive, firm, group of firms, or consulting organization. To determine the development strategy of a large company, a detailed business plan is drawn up. Often, already at the stage of its preparation, potential partners and investors are identified. As for the time aspect of business planning, most firms make plans for a year. They examine in detail the various areas of the company's activities during this period and briefly characterize its further development. Some firms plan for periods of up to 5 years, and only large, established companies plan for periods longer than 5 years.

Along with intra-company functions, business planning is of great importance in determining the planning strategy at the macro level. The set of long-term business plans of enterprises constitutes an information base, which is the basis for the development of national planning policy within the framework of state regulation of the economy.

Thus, the business plan is used to the greatest extent when assessing the market situation both outside the company and inside it when searching for investors. It can help large entrepreneurs expand their business by purchasing shares in another company or organizing a new production structure, and also serves as the basis for the formation of a national planning strategy.

In a market economy, there are many versions of business plans in form, content, structure, etc. The greatest differences are observed within the framework of modifications of business plans depending on the purpose: by business lines (products, works, services, technical solutions), by enterprise in general (new or existing).

There are two main approaches to developing a business plan. The first is that the project initiators themselves develop a business plan, and receive methodological recommendations from specialists, in particular from potential investors. According to foreign practice, this approach is more preferable. In addition to the authors of the concepts contained in the business plan, financiers who know the specifics of the credit market, the availability of free capital, and the risk of a given business take an active part in its creation. In the second approach, the initiators of the business plan do not develop it themselves, but act as customers. The developers of the business plan are companies specializing in the field of marketing activities, teams of authors, and individual authors. If necessary, consulting firms and experts are involved.

In foreign practice, it is accepted that the development of business plans is carried out with the mandatory participation of the head of the enterprise. Many foreign banks and investment funds refuse to consider applications for funds if this condition is not met.

In any case, regardless of the methods of drawing up a business plan, in the process of its development the interests and conditions of the interested parties must be mutually taken into account and linked:

the customer of the business plan, who is an independent investor or using attracted capital, whose interest is the implementation of the project and generating income;
an investor whose interest is the return of invested funds and receipt of dividends;
consumers using products whose interest is meeting their needs for goods;
authorities that determine the needs and priorities of business development, the main goal of which is to meet public needs.

A business plan assesses the future situation both inside and outside the company. It is especially necessary for management to navigate the conditions of joint stock ownership, since it is with the help of a business plan that company managers make decisions on accumulating profits and distributing part of it in the form of dividends among shareholders. This plan is used to justify measures to improve and develop the organizational and production structure of the company, in particular to justify the level of centralization of management and responsibility of employees. It should be noted that this plan, as a rule, actively helps coordinate the activities of partner firms and organize joint development planning for groups of firms connected by cooperation and the production of identical or complementary products. In this case, partner firms provide common financing.

There are certain features when developing business plans for different organizations, such as for a single-point and multi-point organization. A single-point organization is understood as an organization (legal entity) consisting of one enterprise. Accordingly, a multi-point organization will be an organization consisting of two or more enterprises. When planning the activities of such an organization, plans are first developed for each enterprise, and then these plans are combined into one business plan. If the business is starting for the first time, then only estimated indicators are included in the plan. If the business already exists, then the plan includes reporting data for the previous year, with which the indicators of the planned year are compared. A business plan for organizations with a large investment project that requires external financing is the most complex type of business plan. The first place here is occupied by indicators characterizing the investment project. Then the usual sections of the business plan related to the investment project are outlined.

A feature of diversified organizations is the focused implementation of several types of activities. This should be reflected in the business plans of such organizations. Most often, in diversified organizations, certain types of activities are carried out in special divisions - branches (business units). In such cases, the organization acts as a multi-point organization and the business plan is prepared accordingly.

A business plan for non-production organizations differs in that instead of a detailed production plan, it briefly outlines the planned list of services (works) that will be provided. In the first place here is coverage of the conditions for the provision of services (performance of work), the availability of licenses, permits, certificates, and ensuring consumer rights. Instead of a production plan, a business plan for a non-manufacturing organization develops an operational plan that forecasts the funds, premises and resources that will be needed to run the business in the coming period, as well as the need for materials, labor, communications, etc. Other sections plans are developed similarly to the plans of production organizations.

It is important to answer the question why a business plan is needed, what questions it should answer, what are the goals of drawing up a business plan, and most importantly, at the initial stage, decide on the goals of the business, the final business plan depends on them.

The business plan, as a rule, is systematically updated, changes are made to it related both to changes occurring within the company, and to changes in the market where the company operates and in the economy as a whole.

Thus, a business plan helps an entrepreneur evaluate the progress of his business based on intra-company and macroeconomic analysis and control current operations.
The main purpose of developing a business plan is to plan the company’s economic activities for the immediate and long-term periods in accordance with market needs and the ability to obtain the necessary resources.

For what purpose of drawing up business plans do companies develop such documents, for example:

to obtain credit resources for business. In this case, special attention should be focused on the requirements of a particular bank for a business plan, as well as the conditions for passing it through the bank’s credit committee. The business plans we prepare will allow you to get a loan for any of your projects. Our prepared and verified documents were examined by the largest banks: Sberbank, Alfa-Bank, VTB BANK, VEB, Rosselkhozbank, NOMOS, etc. We guarantee strict compliance of the prepared document with the requirements of the bank and business goals. The most important thing is that the business plans we prepare are successful in banks. The total volume of investments received is more than 20 billion rubles.

The purpose of drawing up a business plan

or an investment memorandum is prepared with the aim of attracting an investor to the project, including by issuing a bond issue or IPO. The document we have prepared will allow you to interest an investor or a large company. The prepared materials will show the project from the best side and offer the investor various options for cooperation. The total volume of resources received is 7 billion rubles.

The purpose of drawing up a business plan

The required document is also developed to make a specific business decision, for example, the re-equipment of an existing production facility, where it is necessary to understand the efficiency, payback and profitability, including the final product of production (its future cost). Our report will allow you to objectively evaluate the project and make the right decision. To date, we have prepared more than 50 business plans for the re-equipment of major production facilities and the launch of new business projects in the Russian Federation.

The purpose of drawing up a business plan

in order to receive grants, subsidies and other government assistance. Having a business plan is a key condition for participation in such programs.

A feature of the goals of drawing up a business plan is its balance in setting objectives, taking into account real financial capabilities.

In order for a business plan to be accepted, it must be provided with the necessary financial resources. This largely determines the nature of the projects (concepts) that are studied when developing a business plan. Inclusion of the project itself in the business plan becomes possible only if the sources of its financing have been identified. We provide aspiring businessmen with thematic teaching materials that will help them independently plan and organize a business.
Download examples of ready-made business plans.

Based on these examples, you can also expand your scope of activity or create a new promising project in a fundamentally different niche. The figures given therein can only be regarded as indicative, since the market and prices are constantly changing. However, the business plans provided provide a complete understanding of the steps that will need to be taken to successfully launch a business, and can serve as a good template for preparing your own business plan.

A well-prepared business plan will help not only justify the economic feasibility of a project requiring investment to investors, but will also help the business grow by drawing up effective development plans, answering questions about what financial results to expect, identifying potential threats and thinking through ways to avoid them.

A business plan within a company is both a guide to action and a planning and control tool for management. Each division develops its own strategy, its own specific goals, plans and activities based on the enterprise’s business plan. Thus, a business plan summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in a specific situation and gives a clear idea of how the company's management intends to use this potential.

Business planning: lecture notes Beketova Olga

1. Concept, purpose, objectives and features of drawing up a business plan

Business plan– a brief, accurate, accessible and understandable description of the proposed business, an essential tool when considering a large number of different situations, allowing you to select the most promising solutions and determine the means to achieve them.

1) social goals - overcoming the shortage of goods and services, improving the environmental situation, improving the psychological climate in the country, creating new spiritual and cultural values, developing scientific, technical and creative potential, expanding business contacts and international relations;

2) increasing the status of an entrepreneur - development and strengthening of the economic potential of the entrepreneur (including production potential, financial, technical and technological, scientific, educational, as well as spiritual). This serves as a condition and guarantee for the possibility of successful subsequent transactions, increasing the prestige of the entrepreneur generated by his fame, good reputation, guarantees of high quality goods and services;

3) other, special goals and objectives - development of contacts, foreign trips, joining various types of associations, etc.

Or, for example:

1) understand the degree of reality of achieving the intended results;

2) prove to a certain circle of people the advisability of reorganizing the work of an existing company or creating a new one;

3) convince company employees of the possibility of achieving the qualitative or quantitative indicators outlined in the project, etc.

1) determine specific areas of activity, promising markets and the company’s place in these markets;

2) estimate the costs required for the manufacture and sale of products, compare them with the prices at which the goods will be sold in order to determine the potential profitability of the project;

3) identify the compliance of the company’s personnel and the conditions for motivating their work with the requirements for achieving the set goals;

4) analyze the material and financial situation of the company and determine whether the material and financial resources correspond to the achievement of the intended goals;

In modern practice, a business plan fulfills five functions.

Second function– planning. It allows you to assess the possibilities of developing a new line of activity and control processes within the company.

Third function allows you to attract funds - loans, credits. In modern Russian conditions, without credit resources it is almost impossible to carry out any significant project, but getting a loan is not easy. The main reason is not so much the problem of high interest rates as the increased non-repayment of loans. In this situation, banks take a whole range of measures to ensure the return of funds, among which the requirements of bank guarantees, real collateral and others should be noted, but the decisive factor in granting a loan is the presence of a well-developed business plan.

Along with intra-company functions, business planning is of great importance in determining the planning strategy at the macro level. The set of long-term business plans of enterprises constitutes an information base, which is the basis for the development of national planning policies within the framework of state regulation of the economy.

1) the customer of the business plan, who is an independent investor or using attracted capital, whose interest is the implementation of the project and generating income;

2) an investor whose interest is the return of invested funds and receipt of dividends;

3) consumers using products whose interest is meeting their needs for goods;

4) government bodies that determine the needs and priorities of business development, the main goal of which is to meet public needs.

A business plan assesses the future situation both inside and outside the company. It is especially necessary for management to navigate the conditions of joint-stock ownership, since it is with the help of a business plan that company managers decide on the accumulation of profits and the distribution of part of it in the form of dividends among shareholders. This plan is used to justify measures to improve and develop the organizational and production structure of the company, in particular to justify the level of centralization of management and responsibility of employees. It should be noted that this plan, as a rule, actively helps coordinate the activities of partner firms and organize joint development planning for groups of firms connected by cooperation and the production of identical or complementary products. In this case, partner firms provide common financing.

From the book Business Planning: Lecture Notes author Beketova Olga

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