How does a crow differ from other birds? A raven and a crow are completely different birds. Nesting and lifespan

There are no fundamental differences between a raven and a crow. Both types of birds belong to the same genus Ravens of the Vranov family. In addition to the Crow itself and the Black Crow, in the Raven family there are the Australian Crow and the Hawaiian Crow, the White-necked Crow and the Guam Crow and Rook. Perhaps the principle by which a species of animals was called a raven or a raven depended on the whim of a particular ornithologist, compiler of a reference book or translator.

Crow

Crow... The Latin name is Corvus corax. The raven is the largest bird of the Passeriformes order. It is in the parameters of the body of birds that sexual dimorphism of animals is manifested. The length of the female is no more than 60 cm, the body length of the male reaches 65 cm. The weight of the male varies between 1000-1560 g, sexually mature females weigh from 800 to 1300 g. The wingspan of an adult animal reaches one and a half meters.

Crow

The color of the raven's feather cover is monotonous black, with a slight bluish tint. Young birds are deprived of this overflow. The iris and beak are black. The beak itself is quite powerful and sharp. The claws are the same - they are able to hold prey equal to half the weight of the bird. The tail is wedge-shaped.

The bird skillfully moves on the ground, and before takeoff is forced to make a couple of jumps. The flight of a raven is similar to that of birds of prey, not of passerine birds.

Birds live up to 70 years, form a couple for life and are caring parents. Crows are widespread in the northern hemisphere, on the territory of Eurasia and North America, in addition to natural zones of the equatorial and subequatorial type of climate.

Black Crow

Black Crow... The Latin name is Corvus corone. Within the species, 4 subspecies have crystallized: the common Hooded crow, the eastern hooded crow, the common black crow and the eastern black crow. All subspecies live only on the territory of the continent of Eurasia, except for tropical latitudes.

Black Crow

The color of the feather of a crow is black with a greenish-purple tint. The bird's beak, eyes and legs are black. The hooded crow has a gray body with black wings and head. The body length of the bird varies from 48 to 56 cm. There are albino crows. Ravens prefer to live alone or with their "soul mate", which they do not change throughout their lives.

Ravens build a couple of nests and change them every few years. The female incubates eggs on her own. After 18 days, about 5 chicks hatch from them. In a month, the little ravens are ready to learn to fly. There are cases when grown-up chicks of an old brood help parents to feed chicks of a new brood.

Ravens are omnivorous and predatory. They eat everything, from grains and worms to eggs and someone else's chick. Birds have a high level of intelligence. Scientists have proven that they have abstract thinking.

Conclusions site

The main difference between birds is the weight and body length of the animals. The raven is slightly larger than the size and weight of the black ravens.
The second indicator is distribution. The distribution area of the crow exceeds that of the crow.

Black Crow

Black Raven

Let's start with the wonderful stumbling block that the great and mighty Russian language has laid for us. The raven and the crow are different species of birds. Here in the English language there is no such confusion as in ours: the raven is called raven, and the crow is called crow.
Both birds belong to the same genus, the ravens (Latin Corvus) from the corvid family (Latin Corvidae). In addition to several species of Ravens and several Ravens, Rooks and Jackdaws also belong to the genus Corvus. The common raven has a black plumage with such a characteristic bluish or greenish tint that the black color with a cold metallic sheen is called "the color of the raven's wing."
The raven differs from the black crow in size, it is noticeably larger - on average one and a half times. In flight, the difference between birds is noticeable in the shape of the tail: in the raven it is wedge-shaped, and in the crow it is rounded. There are other differences that are difficult to see from afar, such as the shape of the beak or the feathers on the throat, which characteristically bulge in the raven. Ravens unite in flocks and feel great in the city, and ravens rarely fly into the city and prefer to stay alone or in pairs. A flock of crows reacts to a crow with hostility, as to any large bird of prey. Close kinship does not save you from mutual aggression.
Both those and other birds feed on carrion, they are omnivorous. Both the raven and the crow are so intelligent that in terms of their intelligence they can be compared to mammals. They make logical inferences, use tools, have a complex language of their own, and most likely know how to count. Ravens and crows, in principle, can be tamed. A bird living with a person is able to imitate human speech, and it understands words and uses them meaningfully, and not mechanically, like a parrot. People, as a rule, cannot distinguish one crow from another, but crows perfectly distinguish people and can convey information about a “bad” person to their friends.
Which bird is found in myths, legends, poetry, movies and computer games? In the virtual world, crows are much more common. But the black crow also comes across. The color is mourning, croaks ominously, and the exact belonging to the biological species is not essential for the symbol.
In the Old Testament story about the flood and Noah's ark, the crows were also punished with a change of color. Initially, the raven was white, but when Noah released him from the ark to see if the water slept, the raven began to peck at the corpses and did not tell the righteous what he was sent for. In anger, Noah cursed the bird, and the raven became black and bloodthirsty - the exact opposite of the white and meek dove, which brought an olive branch from the land to the righteous in its beak.

In the Russian language the verb "pakarkat" has become synonymous with "to bring trouble." During the Stalinist repressions in the USSR, the black NKVD service cars used to transport the arrested were nicknamed "funnels".
Counting crows is an activity for lazy people in Russian.
But such disrespect for these birds is not always fair. After all, we also know from the Old Testament that it was the ravens who brought food to the prophet Elijah in the wilderness (1C 17: 4), and the color of the hair of King Solomon in the song is compared with the color of the raven's wing (Canto 5:11).

In patristic literature, in particular in the life of St. Anthony the Great, we find the story of the saint's acquaintance with another ascetic - Paul of Thebes, to whom a raven brought bread every day, providing him with food.

In Slavic tales, the raven brings the hero dead and living water, and they call him respectfully, by his patronymic - Voron Voronovich.
And the Romans did not hear anything ominous in the cry of the raven, but just an excuse - they say, "tomorrow, tomorrow!" ("Crash, crash!").
But in Great Britain there was a belief that if the crows left the Tower, the fortress would collapse and the end of the British monarchy and Great Britain in general would come. During World War II, Winston Churchill ordered to feed the ravens of the Tower for the peace of the people.

Be that as it may, the raven and the crow are just birds, and often very cute, and therefore deserve respect, like any creature of God.

There are two kinds of birds - the raven and the crow. What is the difference between them? Many people have wondered about this question. These birds are similar not only in name, but also in appearance. The raven and the crow share the same roots - they are from the Corvoidae family, belong to the order Passeriformes and the genus, of course, Crows. But they have many differences that the average person does not immediately notice.

General characteristics of birds

In many areas, there are qualities that distinguish the raven and the raven from each other. What is the difference between these birds in their behavior?

The peculiarity of the flight of a raven is that it is similar to the flight of predators and is characterized by heavy and slow flaps of its wings. The crow flies, like all of its brothers in the squad: easily and quickly, with a frequent flap of its wings.
Another difference is the croaking and clicking of birds. The first is inherent in the raven, the second is in the raven.
The raven differs from its other feathered counterparts in its intellectual abilities. Zoopsychologists have attributed this bird species to a comparison with the understanding of primates. Sometimes the intelligence of a raven is equated with that of a dolphin. They are considered the most intelligent among birds due to the high level of communication and mutual understanding among fellows, the use of a beak instead of hands and endurance in character.
How do ravens and crows begin their flight? What is the difference between them in this regard? Taking off, the raven makes jumps several times, and the crow takes off from the ground immediately from its place.

Why is it simply impossible to confuse the birds?

For all their similarities, they are endowed with characteristic features that are pronounced in each species. Knowing these differences, it is simply impossible to confuse the birds.

What do ravens and crows look like? What is the difference between their appearance?

The raven is the main representative of the passerine. And all because of its size. In length, it reaches from 65 to 70 cm. It is gray and small birds. Their sizes range from 44 to 56 cm.
There are also differences in the color of the plumage of the raven and the raven. The gentleman has black feathers, while the lady has black and gray.
You can also note the shape of the birds' tails. The raven has a wedge-shaped tail, the raven has a chopped off tail.
The raven also differs from the crow in the plumage of the goiter. If you saw disheveled plumage, then in front of you is a raven, since the raven simply does not have it.

Is it possible at first glance to determine how a raven and a raven differ? What is the difference? The photo will tell you, since external differences are immediately striking.

Lifestyle

These birds do everything in different ways: they nest, hatch chicks and communicate with each other.

When the crow turns two years old, he begins to look for a mate with which he will exist until the end of his days (in most cases). The crow sticks to its pair only during the nesting period. At other times, she joins mixed flocks of birds of the Crow genus.
Ravens have a custom of building two nests, which have been used in turn for many years. They rarely migrate, only if something threatens their existence. It will be very difficult to find a crow's nest, its location is extremely high in the forest, at the very tops of trees. In addition, it is large in size. Crow's nest can be observed in populated areas and their surroundings.
And how do the raven and the raven communicate with each other? What is the difference in their behavior? It happens that in the sky you can see a large cluster of crows, which create a wide thread, moving in a certain direction. The length of such threads can reach tens of kilometers. When autumn comes, it happens that a crow and her friends unite with rooks and jackdaws in a common flock, which can number several hundred birds. Unlike a crow, a crow is alone in its movements.

The chicks of these species also have their own differences. And to find out which of them is which is very simple. The chick of the black crow is small in size, and the chick of its gray variety, in addition, also has a color, like that of an adult. Raven chicks, after a month of their life, are practically not inferior in size to their parents. If you compare two month old chicks, then a crow chick is just a giant. Another difference is the timing of the appearance of young animals. Raven chicks appear and also leave their nests before their brethren - a brood of crows - do the same.

Raven and crow: what's the difference yet

There are also small differences that can characterize these birds.

The raven lives most often within the boundaries of the area, where the subtropical and temperate climate of Eurasia and North America prevails. The ravens live in Eurasia and North-East Africa.
Fallen animals are considered a special food preference for ravens and ravens. Therefore, these birds are sometimes also called "orderlies". Eggs of other birds, small rodents, fish, invertebrates and even May beetles can become their food.
Unlike a crow, which lives for 8 years, a crow lives a longer life - 30 years. One of the legends about these birds is that of the longevity of ravens, where it is believed that they can live up to three hundred years.
The crow very quickly gets used to the neighborhood of people. The raven is an individualist.

Many people think about birds such as the raven and the crow: what is the difference between them, and is there any? Yes, these birds are in many ways similar to each other, but the differences are significant.

It is generally accepted that the black crow and the common black crow are the same birds, female and male, but this is a delusion. The female crow is a female crow, and the crow is a separate species. Moreover, both representatives belong to the same family of corvids. These birds have many differences, although they are similar in a number of characteristics. This is especially true of the behavior and color of the plumage, so it is rather difficult to distinguish them with the naked eye.

The common raven is recognizable by its mass, powerful beak and feathers on its throat. The weight of a bird ranges from 800 to 1600 grams, less often it reaches 2 kg. The length is about 70 cm, the wingspan is twice as large - about one and a half meters. The beak is sharp and long. The coloring of the body and wings combines the overflow of rich black color.

The habitat is a forest, in urban areas you rarely see a bird. There crows often live in pairs. Before wintering, in the middle of autumn, they unite in flocks to fly to warmer regions. By the way, if in the summer the feathered one prefers the forest, then in the winter he is more willing to reach for a person and move closer to where you can easily get food. As a rule, these are rubbish heaps, cemeteries, landfills.

Among the varieties of crow, gray, white-billed, New Coledonian, Antillean, barnacle are distinguished.

Black crow: description and characteristics

The bird got its name due to the black color of all parts of the body: beak, eyes, feathers, body, wings, paws. The bird lives in Central and Western Europe, in the east of Siberia and the Far East.

Unlike raven, she prefers to live in packs, and not alone or in pairs, and always be near a person. This way of life allows you to hunt and feed not only on carrion, but also on your own prey - small animals, mammals, other birds and their young, eggs, and fish.

Among the main types of crows, there are bristly, gray, bronze, white-necked, white, Australian. Let's take a closer look.

Varieties of black crow

Bristly

The bristly crow was named because of the short feathers on its neck. She has black plumage, a neatly harmonious beak. Lives in North Africa.

Gray

The Hooded Crow has a very interesting coloration: the neck area and head are covered with black or dark brown plumage, the wings are painted black with a shiny blue sheen. The bird received its name due to the gray coloring of the body, with a smoky, very gentle tint.

In Russia, this species lives from the western part to the Yenisei. Also birds can be found in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor. These are sedentary nomadic birds, which only in winter completely disappear from the northern part of the habitat.

Bronze

This crow is larger than other subspecies: its length reaches the size of ravens - 64 cm.The color is dark, with a brown tint. On the back of the head, you can see a white speck. The bird is very fond of the highlands, and especially the high mountains of the African continent.

White-necked

This type of crow, as you might guess, has a white spot at the very base of the neck. Habitat - North America.

White

The variety is not distinguished as a separate species of crows. This is an albino individual that has received a counter-coloration as a result of a mutation. Her character and behavior are no different from the characteristics of any other subspecies.

Australian

The Australian crow has a fancy wing plumage: they are black with a bright dark blue and green tint. The neck area of this bird looks very majestic: feathers are long and thick. Habitat - the entire mainland of Australia.

Differences and similarities

Please note: if the black crow prefers solitude or as a maximum of one companion, then the crow will adhere to the flock. Let's consider other differences:

The crow is much smaller in size and weight: the body length reaches 50 cm, and the weight is 700 g, while the size of the crow is about 65 cm, and the mass is one and a half kilograms.
The color of birds, although similar (with the naked eye), also differs: if in a crow it is black with a bright blue tint, shiny, then in a crow such intensity and depth of color are less pronounced.
The raven has a wedge-shaped tail, and the raven has a rounded tail. On the neck of long-lived ravens a "beard" appears - long, thick feathers. Ravens do not have this feature.
In flight, the raven is more majestic: it is able to soar above the ground, and before nesting, the male performs acrobatic shows in the air! The raven has a flapping, energetic flight.
The crow can be seen in the western part of Europe and in the east of Eurasia; it tries to settle closer to humans all year round. The common black crow lives mainly in the Northern Hemisphere: in the northern part of the United States, in Europe, in North Africa.
For home content, crows, which scientists have recognized as intellectually developed, are more suitable. There are often cases when the owner managed to teach this bird words.

From the similarities, it can be distinguished that both representatives of the corvidae family are undemanding to food. They prefer carrion as the most affordable food. They also eat small animals, mammals, vegetation, waste.

The nesting period of both members of the family

Common raven begins nesting in late winter - early spring, when the air warms up, and it is possible to insulate the nest so that the chicks do not freeze. The mating season preceding the laying of eggs is unusual: at this time, the male performs all kinds of acrobatic tricks in the sky in front of the female, walks with his head held high around her, shows playfulness, sometimes aggression.

Both build the nest. It is usually located in the openings of large tall trees or on sheer cliffs. Both the male and female bring branches of different sizes for building the base. Dry grass, wool, feathers, down and other soft and warm materials are applied to it. The side bases of the bird are built from moss and earth.

As a result, the nestling house turns out to be very warm, cozy and suitable for subsequent nesting.

Raven eggs, of which there are about 5-6 pieces, are turquoise-blue in color, with dark small specks. Incubation lasts two to three weeks, then the chicks need several more weeks in order to gain strength.

In the black crow, reproduction occurs in approximately the same way, at the age of two years. However, nesting begins a little later - in early to mid-spring. The nest of the crow is smaller, the color of eggs in the clutch is darker, the female lays about 4-5 eggs.

How many years do a black crow and a raven live

The lifespan of the common raven depends on the conditions in which it lives. In a city where birds do not spend a lot of energy on foraging, this period is 25-30 years.

The crows living in landfills, garbage dumps and other places where the air is most polluted will live three times less. In forest spaces (taking into account wintering next to a person), a bird can live for 15 years.

In rare cases, an individual can live up to 40 years. Moreover, many scientists argue that if a crow is created the most favorable conditions for living, then its life expectancy can reach 70 years.

The black crow lives in the wild for about 10-13 years, under human supervision - up to 40, but this is a rarity.

And what do you know about the raven and the crow? Please leave comments and share the article with your friends.

Tarabanko Elizaveta, 3rd grade student

The work reveals the distinctive features of ravens and ravens. In the course of the work, the difference between the birds, their species characteristics, was clarified, a student of grade 3 came to the conclusion that these are different birds, although they are close relatives, she learned many interesting facts about ravens and ravens.

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Municipal Formation "Kuril City District"

municipal budgetary educational institution secondary school with. Hot Keys

Regional correspondence competition of research and creative projects of junior schoolchildren

"First steps into science"

City with. Hot Keys

School no. MBOU SOSH s. Hot Keys

Class 3

Direction: natural science, the world around

RESEARCH

Topic: Crow and Raven: Different Birds ?!

Biology teacher supervisor

Subbotina Svetlana Yurievna,

Student Tarabanko Elizaveta Evgenievna,

3rd grade student

2016

Introduction ………………………………………………………………… ..3

1.Features of the external structure of birds …… .. …………………………… .... 5

1.1. Raven ……………… .. ……………………………………………… .5

1.2 Crow ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ..... 5

2. The benefits and harms of these birds ……… .. ……………………… 7

3. Interesting facts from the life of crows and ravens …………………………… ... 8

4. Questioning among classmates on the question under study ……… .. 11

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………… 12

Literature ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ... 13

Appendices ………………………………………………………………… ... 14

Introduction

Relevance of the topic

Due to the dictionary similarity of the Russian words "raven" and "raven" in the mass consciousness, the erroneous opinion is widespread that these are representatives of the same biological species of different sexes. However, this is not the case, and it should be remembered that the raven is not at all the "husband of the raven", but an independent species that includes males and females.

I wanted to find out this question. I decided to find out how these birds differ and how much they have in common. The teacher suggested that I study the distinctive features of a raven and a raven. This question is the subject of my research work, which took one month to complete.

Objective: explore the distinctive features of a raven and a raven.

Hypothesis: a crow and a raven are different birds.

Tasks: find out the difference between a crow and a raven;

Study the individual characteristics of these birds;

Find out the benefits or harm the bird brings;

Learn interesting facts from the life of birds;

Research methods:

Study of popular science literature;

Bird watching;

Questioning;

Analysis.

Research work plan:

Find information on a question of interest.

Conduct a survey among classmates.

Develop a memo for classmates.

Summarize the work.

Experimental research base: MBOU SOSH s. Hot Keys

The research work consists of an introduction, four chapters, a conclusion, a bibliography, an appendix.

1.Features of the external structure of birds

The raven and the crow are very amazing birds, familiar to us since kindergarten. But it turns out that we know very little about them and often confuse them.Confusion occurs only in Russian due to the almost identical name of two different species. In other languages, these birds have clearly different names - for example, in English the raven is raven, the crow is crow.

A raven and a crow are different birds, and not a female and a male of the same species, as many people think. The raven is a larger species. Its representatives have a body length 10 - 15 cm longer than representatives of the species "black crow" and "hooded crow".

1.1. Raven, (Appendix 1) birds of the Corvidae family, characterized by a thick, somewhat bent conical beak, long wings, covered with bristles nostrils and a tail of medium length, truncated or slightly rounded. There are 65 known species, distributed everywhere, with the exception of South America and New Zealand. This includes the Raven, which has a significant size (up to 70 cm in length); plumage of its black color with a strong steel-blue, on the wings of a greenish, metallic sheen. The raven is widespread in most of Europe, Central and North Asia, lives in pairs, nests in the most secluded places or on very tall trees in dense forests or on the tops of rocks, feeds on insects, mice, moles, as well as small young birds, but most willingly eats carrion. Throwing large shells and sea urchins from the rocks so that they break, the Raven then eats them. The female lays 4 - 5 greenish eggs with brown spots and incubates them in turn with the male for three weeks. Raven feathers are used for sketching.

1.2. Black crow - has 45 - 50 cm in length, completely black in color, with a black - blue head and nape; migratory or sedentary, very intelligent and careful bird, useful in extermination of harmful insects.

Hooded crow (Appendix 2) - the same size as the previous one; ash gray with black head, throat, tail and wings. It is widespread in Northern Europe, especially in Russia and Sweden. In many localities, it is diligently exterminated, not knowing that it benefits from the destruction of many harmful animals. Hooded crow feeds on insects, slugs, carrion, fish, small mammals, eggs of other birds, young birds, ripe berries, cherries and other fruits. She builds a nest on tall trees at the edges of fields and meadows from twigs, which she connects with clay. For the winter, she settles in bell towers or in other uninhabited buildings. Eggs are greenish with dark brown spots; chicks are at first blind, receiving their sight for the most part on the fifth day. It is possible that the hooded crow is only a local variety of the black crow.

2. The benefits and harms of these birds

Eating mouse-like rodents and harmful insects, crows and crows bring undoubted benefits to agriculture. It is also useful because its old nests are widely used by many useful birds of prey that do not build their nests. Carrion crows. They eat rotten meat, corpses, rummage in garbage cans. On this side, they are partly goodies. They are by nature orderlies and clean up after all the garbage. But in all this there are negative aspects - together with the absorption of the remains, they can be a source of disease. This should not be forgotten. Destroying bird nests, eating eggs and chicks, they sometimes cause certain harm. In the villages he steals eggs and even small chickens,peck out seeds sown in spring, and during ripening - seeds of corn and sunflower.

3. Interesting facts from the life of crows and ravens.

Ravens are loyal friends. If any of the crows is injured, then her comrades will definitely take care of her and feed her until she fully recovers.

Ravens are faithful spouses. When a crow leaves its parental nest, it joins the "crow gang" - a flock of relatives that do not have a pair, in which it lives until it finds a life partner. After that, the crow lives with its soul mate all its life, keeping it faithful until its death.

Ravens know how to create tools. If they need to extract a tasty beetle from under the bark, they will not spoil their beak on hardwood. Instead, they will make a tool resembling a toothpick out of a suitable branch, with the help of which they pick out the "dish" from under the bark of the tree. It is interesting that the ability to make "sticks - picks" is innate, the parents of their chicks do not specifically teach this.

Ravens know how to use their environment to their advantage.For example, in Tokyo, they learned how to crack nuts using ... cars! Ravens flock to busy intersections, wait for the red light to turn on, and carry walnuts right onto the road. Green lights up - cars start moving, run over nuts and crack their shells. The red lights up again - the traffic stops, and the cunning crows fly out onto the road and calmly feast on the core of the nuts.

Another example: if a crow finds a dried crust of bread, it will not eat immediately. Instead, she will find a suitable puddle, soak the biscuit, and only then eat it.

Crows can count. If a raven is offered a choice of two feeders, in which there will be different amounts of food, she will almost always choose the one in which there is more food. For example, 14 beetles were placed in one feeding trough, and 15. A person could not immediately determine where there were more beetles, but the crows did it with ease. In addition, crows very quickly learn to recognize numbers and can even later determine which number is greater and which is less!

Ravens love to have fun. Crows can often be seen teasing dogs and cats. In the wild, they willingly play with foxes, wolves and otters. In Canada and the northern United States, crows are often seen rolling down the ice slides by locals. Moscow crows move down from the domes of churches in the same way, in particular from the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. And the following game is also popular among these birds: one crow takes an object (stick, pebble, cone, etc.) into its beak, flies up high with it and lets it go, and the second has to catch it. If she caught it, then she already rises up and throws the object, and the first catches it. The game lasts until one of the crows drops an object on the ground.

The raven and the crow are unclean and ominous birds in popular beliefs. Like other birds of the corvid family (jackdaw, rook), they are united by similar beliefs and names. The raven is a prophetic bird. He lives a hundred or three hundred years and owns secrets: he predicts death, the attack of enemies, in epics he gives advice to heroes, in fairy tales he indicates a hidden treasure, in songs he brings the news to the mother about the death of his son, etc.

Birds of this family are black in color and are contrasted with kind, meek and holy birds, especially the dove, as ominous, predatory and unclean, which is reflected in the ideas about the bird appearance of human souls, in Christianized legends about the worldwide flood. On the other hand, on the opposition of white (or motley) and black (ugly) plumage, the comic of a number of tales about the raven is built.

Folk performances clearly reveal the devilish nature of birds of the corvid family. So, the Raven is considered black because it was created by the devil. They see evil spirits in the Crow. The devil can take the form of a black Raven or a raven. In the form of a Crow, the devil flies around the courtyards at night and sets fire to the roofs. It is believed that devils in the form of crows flock and circle over the house of a dying sorcerer to help his soul out of his body. The souls of evil people are represented as black Ravens and ravens. It is believed that the witch can be identified by the black Crow sitting on her house.

Biblical origin legend about the Raven, cursed or punished by God or Noah for the fact that, released from the ark to find out whether the flood was over, he did not return. As a punishment for this, the Raven, who was once white as snow and meek as a dove, became black, bloodthirsty and doomed to eat carrion. The idea of crows and jackdaws as unclean birds is associated with the prohibition to eat them. Predation, bloodthirstiness are characteristic motives in the representations of the Crow and the Crow. Crows, like hawks, hunt chickens. To protect them from crows, they hang a killed magpie in the yard.

Back in the 1970s, the remarkable writer and biologist Igor Akimushkin said that "animals cannot be divided, like the heroes of a classical drama: into good and bad, into positive and negative." It's just that some, let's say, are more fortunate: thanks to their complex behavior, they adapt well to the environment and humans.

4. Questioning among classmates on the question under study

I conducted a survey among classmates. The questions were simple.

Question 1. Crows and crows are the same birds?

Question 2. Are these birds helpful?

The diagram shows that many people know little about ravens and ravens. They confuse birds, think that they only bring harm. I will definitely introduce my classmates to my work and tell them about very amazing birds.

Conclusion

In my work, I tested the hypothesis that a crow and a raven are different birds.In the course of working on the project, I compared ravens and ravens, I came to the conclusion that they have differences, both in appearance and in the environment, but they have similar features: they are omnivorous, they build similar nests. It turned out that crows and crows are very intelligent and interesting birds.

My assumption that the raven and the raven are different birds, although they are close relatives, was fully confirmed. In order not to confuse these birds, in my work I made a table in which I gave a comparative description. (Appendix 3)

This work was very fascinating and interesting, I learned many interesting facts from the life of ravens and ravens, they are smart, well tamed and can imitate human speech.

The harm from crows in the human habitat is insignificant, compared to the benefits of nature orderlies!

Literature

Dmitriev Yu.D. Neighbors on the planet: Birds. Publisher: Moscow: Children's Literature, 1984 - 304s
Life of animals. Volume 6. Birds. Publisher: Moscow: Education, 1986-588s.
Children's encyclopedia. What's happened? Who it? Volume 1. Publishing house: "Pedagogy", 1994 - 224s.
Children's encyclopedia. I get to know the world. Birds. Publisher: Moscow: AST, 2008 - 400s.
http: // nteresnye-fakty-o-voronax.
https://ru.wikipedia.org.
www.mosadd.ru.

Annex 1

Appendix 2

Appendix 3

Signs	Crow	Crow
The size	Large bird - 65 cm in length, weight 1.5 kg	Has smaller dimensions: 45-50 cm in length, weight 700 grams
Color	The head, neck, wings are black with a purple or purple sheen, and the lower part is painted black with a bluish metallic sheen	The color is black with a blue-green tint, the hooded crow has black head, throat, wings and tail, the rest of the plumage is gray.
Tail	Wedge-shaped tail, especially visible during flight	Rounded tail, wedge-shaped in gray
Life span	15 to 60 years old	Up to 20 years
Nutrition	The raven is an omnivorous bird, feeds on carrion, insectivorous mammals and rodents, eggs, chicks and adult birds, fish, various invertebrates	Raven - an omnivorous bird, feeds on insects, chicks and eggs, rodents and lizards, frogs, fish; plant food - the seeds of various plants, as well as the plants themselves, as well as food waste. Eyewitnesses noticed how crows on the territory of the lower Volga caught fish from the water behind passing ships.
English language	raven - raven	crow - crow