Nikon Z mirrorless system: introduction, features, lenses. Nikon Z7 full-frame mirrorless camera test: what they've been waiting for What's missing in Nikon Z

Until recently, it seemed that such giants of the photo market as Nikon and Canon were deeply behind the latest trends and are going to forever rest on the laurels of the success of traditional SLR technology, slightly diluting its slender rows with compact cameras with truncated functionality and small matrices.

But fall 2018 arrived and Nikon introduced brand new mirrorless cameras. And not just any compact sets, but real full-matrix ones. So the hegemony of the trio of Sony, Fujifilm and Olympus in this market seems to have come to an end.

We couldn't resist the temptation to test the new flagship Nikon Z7. The camera is designed for advanced amateurs and professionals.

Nikon Z7: What's Interesting?

So what's new Nikon has to offer this time around? Firstly, it is of course the new Z-mount. It is the largest full-frame mount available today, with an outer diameter of 55mm and an inner diameter of 49mm. Secondly, the mirror has, of course, disappeared from the design of the camera. Accordingly, there is no optical viewfinder, and now you can take pictures either through the electronic viewfinder or on the display.

In general, this makes the process much easier: all the results of exposure metering and white balance can be seen even before shooting, and not after it. If you are used to looking at the histogram with the distribution of shadows and highlights, again, you will see it before you press the trigger. This is the virtue of any mirrorless camera. By the way, we compared Nikon Z7 with Nikon D850 and Sony Alpha 7R II DSLRs.

Body and filling

The Nikon Z7 is, as we expected, much lighter and smaller than its DSLR counterparts. But along with this, questions arose about ergonomics - if in a large hand a full-frame Nikon D600 SLR was lying like a glove, then with a Nikon Z7 the little finger hangs in the air. However, the problem can be solved by screwing on the battery handle or by installing a special lightweight ergonomic handle.

At the same time, the Nikon Z7 body, like most Nikon SLR cameras, has good weather protection and is not afraid of frost. Made of magnesium alloy - also a popular solution in this price segment, albeit adding a little weight relative to other, simpler cases (weight 675 grams with battery and memory card).

Since there is no mirror here, the flange distance from the rear surface of the lens to the matrix is significantly less than that of DSLRs. That is, the camera turned out to be very compact in all three dimensions.

Among the interesting innovations Nikon uses an internal 5-axis matrix stabilizer in the Z7 model, which allows you to shoot handheld at shutter speeds as long as 4 stops, relative to the usual (for example, up to 1 / 5sec when shooting handheld). The processor is the latest EXPEED 6. With lenses equipped with their own stabilizer, the effect can be further enhanced, and when shooting video, in addition to the matrix stabilizer, electronic image stabilization is also available.

On the top of the camera there is a convenient LCD display with technical shooting parameters. It is almost square in shape, with colors inverted (light on dark). It is very convenient in order not to occupy the display of the camera with this information and once again not to climb into the menu. The main display of the 3: 2 format is located on the back of the camera, and it is touch-sensitive and movable. You can tilt the screen 45 degrees down and about 100 degrees up.

Overall, the controls and settings menus are pretty much the same as earlier Nikon cameras, and with some experience with them, you shouldn't have any problems. Focus modes are the same as in DSLRs. The block with the release button, power lever and a pair of function keys is slightly raised above the top panel. Two more customizable buttons are located next to the mount and in general it is convenient to work with them.

On the back of the camera there is a joystick for quick selection of the focusing area, and a touch screen on the display - you can aim in any convenient way. Autofocus uses a hybrid system that combines a contrast method with phase sensors that are located directly on the sensor.

The total number of focus points reaches 493, giving 90% coverage of the area. When focusing manually, you can turn on the focus peaking, which can be adjusted both in color and in intensity. There is face focusing, but there is no new feature yet - eye focusing. I hope it will appear with new firmware.

The viewfinder here is electronic and of very high quality: large OLED matrix with a resolution of 3.69 million dots, minimal lag and no stroboscopic effect when used with artificial light. When approaching, the camera turns off the main display by the sensor, although sometimes it does this too early and not always in time.

The camera is equipped with a physical switch between photo and video modes, which is of course very convenient. For quick transfer of masterpieces to a smartphone, a Wi-Fi module and Bluetooth Low Energy are built into the camera.

Nikon Z7 is capable of 4K 30p, FullHD up to 120p... Slow motion is available in FullHD, continuous shooting is limited to 30 minutes. In 4K mode, the camera withstood about 25 minutes of continuous shooting with normal display brightness, after which it began to overheat and turned off.

The matrix

Sensor in Nikon Z7 full format (36 × 24 mm) with a resolution of 45.7 megapixels, and, in contrast to the matrices used by the company in recent years, produced by Nikon itself, has a back-illumination technology, which gives advantages when shooting in low-light places. Sensitivity range - ISO 64-25 600, expandable to 32-102 400. Dynamic range 14 stops, which allows flexible work with RAW. And, of course, an important thing is the 5-axis stabilizer already mentioned above.

Optics

The new design requires a different approach to optics, and therefore a separate line of optics has been developed for the new Nikon mirrorless cameras. Consequently, it is smaller and lighter than traditional F-mount optics. The Nikon Z7 is equipped with the new 24-70 / 4 lens. In addition, the company has presented a plan to release a line of new lenses for several years to come.

There are a lot of plans, let's say, but the main part of new products lies ahead of us. Considering that only three lenses are still available from the new line (35 mm 1.8 and 50 mm 1.8 are still available), and more than 350 items have been produced with the F-mount since 1959, the company has thought out how to smooth out the transition period to new optics.

Along with the camera, an FTZ adapter was also presented (isn't that a good name?), Which is designed to use a camera with old optics. In our test, we tried the camera with F-mount lenses - Nikon AF-S 18-35 f / 3.5-4.5G and Nikon f / 2.8 AF-S 28-70mm. All lenses worked flawlessly and focused quickly and accurately. But there is one caveat - the use of an adapter adds weight to the camera and, complete with it, it weighs almost the same as the junior full-frame Nikon DSLRs. That is, the weight gain when using the new camera will be clearly visible only with the use of the new smaller and lighter optics.

The 24-70 / 4 lens seemed to be quite sharp, focusing in the presence of a little illumination works quite correctly and quickly. But there are questions about the work of autofocus in the dark - sometimes it scoured and could not focus normally. When shooting at night, at times I had to switch to manual focus mode. We hope that this flaw will be eliminated in future firmwares.

In addition, the lens is structurally designed in such a way that it changes its dimensions when the focal length is changed. This is not very good, because over time, dust is sucked into the lens in this way, which is why this type of construction has long been called a "vacuum cleaner".

Battery

As the camera body has shrunk, so has the physical size and therefore the battery capacity. Now, about 310 shots can be taken on a single charge, and this can be very frustrating for some professional photographers. For comparison, the battery of a Nikon D750 full-frame DSLR camera makes it possible to shoot about 1200 frames without recharging.

Memory cards

Nikon has used a controversial technical solution in the new mirrorless cameras - to equip the cameras with one slot for memory cards, but not just any, but for the latest XQD cards. These cards are undoubtedly high-speed and promising, but so far the vast majority of photographers do not have them (such cards were used only on flagships, starting with D4). Meanwhile, the cost of such a card starts from 5,500 rubles, which is not at all budgetary.

Total: our impressions

It was obvious that full-frame mirrorless cameras would appear in the assortment of photo giants. The Nikon Z7 is an excellent example of how vast experience and modern technology can be successfully combined. Now, both advanced hobbyists and pros alike will have to make a difficult choice between the D850 with mirror and the Z7 / Z6. And we would have chosen a mirrorless.

Previously, the principle of exceptional primacy reigned in the world of photography - if you have a large weighty SLR in your hand, then you are a photographer. Everything else is a soap dish for a family album. Rangefinders stood apart. This is the market that Canon and Nikon are used to, producing cool and reliable technology.

But now times are changing, and mirrorless cameras began to make their way to the place under the sun. And if at first the market leaders quietly chuckled, then over time it became clear what a huge part of the market goes to competitors, and they also presented their own system cameras.

Today we'll have a look at the representative of Nikon's second generation mirrorless cameras. Nikon 1 V2.

Nikon 1 V2 video review:

Design and ergonomics

The device is just such to put it in a pocket or a small bag / purse / clutch / whatever and carry it with you at all times. At the same time, a feeling of fragility does not arise - if, as self-defense, throw it at someone in a dark alleyway, you can inflict significant HP damage. A magnesium alloy is used in the production, so the tactile sensations are very, very. Not least thanks to the anti-slip rubber coating.

The ergonomics of the camera are also commendable - despite the small dimensions, the camera fits in the hand like a glove, thanks to the strongly protruding handle. Although it looks much more organic in women's neat handles, it is also suitable for men. All kinds of buttons and levers are few, and most of them are small. But still, after a week of use, you get used to it.

On the front side, apart from the lens release button, nothing else can be found. No, you can - there are two stereo microphones right there. The right side is empty. On the bottom - a tripod socket and a compartment for the battery and memory card.

On the left side are MiniHDMI, MiniUSB and an external microphone port. Which cannot but rejoice.

The upper end is occupied by a flash and a button for opening it with a slight offset to the left side and a small speaker next to it. On the flash (decorative pentaprism shaft) - a standard hot shoe. The right side is loaded a little more. There's a shutter button flanked by an on / off ring, a video recording button, and two wheels. One is responsible for the selection of PASM modes, but in addition to all this, you can find an advanced video recording mode, automatic mode, a mode for creating creative photos and more. The second wheel is responsible for changing various parameters, and it is with a secret. The thing is that this wheel is also a button responsible for selecting a parameter. You just need to press on it, moving it forward, until it clicks.

The back side is the most capacious. With a shift to the left is the optical viewfinder with a resolution of 1440 thousand points, a proximity sensor and a diopter adjustment ring. The proximity sensor can work in two modes: "Display fading, viewfinder on", "Both the display and the viewfinder are off; the latter turns on when brought to the eye. " This saves energy.

To the left of the screen there are four buttons, among which are viewing pictures, menus, Disp (similar to Info) and deleting pictures.

To the right of the screen is a microscopic four-position joystick wheel with an inscribed OK button. Various functions are hung here, only now you have to get used to the size. Above is the Fn button.

In the center of attention is a three-inch display with a resolution of 921 thousand points. It's not touch-sensitive, not rotatable, but bright enough to see what's going on or which menu item to select. By the way, it is revised here and does not in any way resemble that of the mirror counterparts.

Immediately at this point I will say that I did not like it.

The first thing I want to draw your attention to is the power button. I am used to using the system when you feel a click after a little effort. For an understanding, see how the trigger wheels of Nikon DSLRs are organized. Immediately I was faced with the fact that the wheel freely moves back and forth, while always returning to its original position. That is, pulled back, released - the camera turned on. Ditto for shutdown. Absolutely inconvenient as you can easily turn on the device in your bag or pocket.

The second thing to note is the completely useless flash mount system. Although a button for opening is provided, but with a slight movement, the flash is switched to operating mode. I don’t know how, but I think that breaking it off in a backpack will be as easy as shelling pears. Although, maybe we got this loose copy - write in the comments.

And third - Nikon 1 V2 suffers from the same diseases as Nikon adults. Namely - peelable rubber bands. I don’t know, maybe the workers at the plant should send a batch of superglue in the end?

And the last - there is, in principle, enough space on the body to make the same joystick a little larger. Or add at least a couple of extra (no, they are far from superfluous) buttons. Although I'm already finding fault.

What's inside?

Behind the lens you can clearly see an inch CMOS-matrix of only 14 MP. Although this value is enough for the head to get excellent pictures. The processor inside is Expeed 3A. This is just a revised third version. Although we must admit that such a stone copes with the tasks with a bang. Lags and slowdowns were not noticed either when browsing menus or photos, or when shooting and reviewing material. The recording is fast - even after a burst of 15 fps, a full buffer of about 50 shots is written to the memory card for about a second or two, but you can continue to shoot single images right away. We used the quick card (its overview) to get these results.

Light sensitivity - 160 to 6400 ISO. I am personally very pleased that Nikon decided not to show how many times they can amplify the signal and decided to stop at reasonable numbers.

You can shoot at all values, starting from 1600 in RAW. After competent processing, images with values higher will fit anywhere - even for the WEB, at least for printing, however, not higher than A5.

The dynamic range is pleasing to the eye. You can even shoot difficultly lit scenes; all the same, the owner will receive a well-developed image with volume. If necessary, you can turn on D-Lightning, which will allow you to draw out more details, but if you want HDR, you have to do everything by hand - in one of the PhotoHack issues I will tell you how to do this.

I would also like to note the possibility of creating dynamic photos. It works like this - you shoot a photo with the appropriate setting and at the output you get a second mov with sound (set in the settings, there are four types in total). Who needs this, I don't know.

Autofocus

The camera has a system of 71 points that you can rely on completely and completely. The focusing system will allow you to grab exactly the object you want. Even in low light conditions, autofocus works quickly and clearly, keeping the main subject in focus. By the way, this system works even in video, moreover, exactly as it should be. Now it is as easy as shelling pears to create cinematic refocusing - you just need to point the camera at another object.

Video capabilities

Videos are recorded in FullHD 60i / 30p, HD - at 60p. It is possible to connect an external microphone and flexibly control aperture and shutter speed in Live-mode. But here there is one small bug nuance - it is impossible to control the sound level according to the schedule (or was I looking badly?), But there is no headphone output.

Shooting TimeLapes, which the company has always distinguished, is also not available here - you will have to shoot by hand with subsequent processing.

But instead, it became possible to shoot sssuuuppeeerrr-ssslloooouu-mmmoooouuushshnnn - 400 fps at a resolution of 640 x 240 pixels and 1200 fps at 320 x 120. Such a video is shot for 3 seconds, the output is 16 and 48 seconds, respectively, at a frame rate 25 / s. The feature is cool, but the quality is so terrible that it is much better to shoot at 60p and slow down the picture with a variety of plugins on the post. And the limitation of the minimum shutter speed 1 / 1200s is not at all pleasing - it turns out that the shooting can be done only in excellent lighting conditions.

Good

Weight and dimensions.
Ergonomic
Autofocus.
Image quality.
Dynamic range.
Burst shooting.
The ability to record animated photos.
Microphone port.
Video quality.
Shooting Slow Motion.

Badly

Price.
Peelable rubber bands.
Inconvenient power button.
Opening flash.
Lack of headphone output.
Lack of sound graph.
Lack of Time Lapse Motion.
Reduced customization options for snapshots (HDR, filters, vignetting control, etc.).

What glass to take

A versatile, not too light lens will become an indispensable companion for every day as a whale lens. My opinion is that everyone should have such glass in their wardrobe trunks, which they simply do not mind. ... The cost is about $ 200.

Essentially the same lens as above, only with a motor for smooth zooming while filming. It costs 100 bucks more.

Not striking the imagination with aperture ratio, this lens will be simply indispensable for those who cannot imagine their life without shooting reports and distant objects. The cost is $ 1000.

The high-aperture wide-angle boasts that it is protected from various adverse environmental conditions - it is waterproof, frost-resistant and shockproof. In general, exactly what you need when traveling. After all, a wide angle makes everything better. The price is $ 200.

This is a variation on a fast wide-angle without protective features. Suitable for travel, but obviously not for extreme ones. Costs $ 250.

The Protected Zoom was designed with the AW 1 in mind, so it's a must-have for those who like to shoot in bad weather. In addition, a focal length of 30-70 mm in equivalent can easily make it the main one on the carcass. The cost is $ 220.

The low-aperture ultra-wide-angle zoom is a great choice for travel, architecture or genre photography. Will cost the owner 500 bucks.

The focal length of this lens is approximately 50mm equivalent. This means that a high-aperture prime can easily settle on your camera, allowing you to shoot everything - from architecture to general reports. For only 200 bucks.

Super fast member of the 1 Nikkor lens family. This is a classic portrait lens with a focal length of about 85mm equivalent. By shooting with it, you get a beautiful background blur and the ability to not worry about ISO or shutter speed even in low light conditions. The cost is $ 900.

Alternative

Mirrorless with hybrid autofocus, 16 MP APS-C sensor, rotary touch screen and Wi-Fi. Its cost is approximately $ 700. "Six" will be an excellent choice for those who love to travel light and prefer to have a large selection of optics, including from third-party manufacturers.

Fuji X-E1

Canon's mirrorless camera boasts an 18MP APS-C sensor, an external microphone port, compact size, but does not have a viewfinder. In addition, the display is non-rotating, so you will have to try a little for non-standard angles. The cost is about $ 550.

Camera with Micro 4/3 sensor size. There is a good design, a rotary display, a viewfinder, and just a cool matrix stabilization system that will smooth out tremors in your hands. However, there is no port for an external microphone. The camera costs about $ 850.

Another representative of Micro 4/3 cannot boast of ultra-compact dimensions - outwardly the camera resembles a small DSLR. But at the same time, there are a bunch of advantages - a microphone input, a viewfinder, a touchscreen that can be rotated along three axes, and a huge number of mechanical control elements. The cost is approximately $ 750.

Whoever found the Soviet Union remembers what a "scarce commodity" is. At that time, practically everything was in short supply: furniture, household appliances, good books, food. When they bought something in short supply, they even said: I didn't buy it, but I got it. At the present time, there is another problem - the problem of choice.

Which smartphone to buy: Apple, Samsung or Sony; car: Toyota, Wolkswaggen or maybe Chevrolet. And, of course, which camera is better - Nikon or Canon. 🙂 And how many product modifications are there in the line of a particular brand. Try and choose.

Someone turns to shop assistants for help. And someone is studying the Internet, studying reviews of products of interest. I belong to the second category. Firstly, I am fascinated by the selection process itself, and secondly, sales consultants are often incompetent, especially in large shopping centers.

A little over a year ago, we published an article. We wrote that Nikon D5000 suits us perfectly and that we are not going to buy a new camera. But, unexpectedly, he was out of order. The service center said that there is a high probability of breakage of the central board. And in this case, the repair becomes impractical due to the very high cost. And the question arose - what model of the camera to buy?

A few years ago, the answer would have been unequivocal - a cropped Nikon DSLR camera of the 5,000th (D5xxx) or 7,000th (D7xxx) series. Today, the choice is not that easy. Firstly, on the secondary market, you can find the full-frame D600 and D610 models in good condition, for a reasonable price. I came across advertisements for the saleNikonD600 for $ 800 andNikon D610 - for $ 1000, and the mileage of these devices did not exceed 10,000 frames, and outwardly they looked like new. And this is comparable in price with cropped modelsD7100, D7200 in the shops of our city... Secondly, mirrorless cameras have caught up with DSLRs in terms of their capabilities, characteristics and ergonomics, and in some ways even surpassed them.

The reasoning presented below is purely my personal opinion, based on reading a number of reviews and using some models of cameras.

Choosing a DSLR

Brand name

The brand is simple. I've been a Nikon fan for over five years now. Everything suits me: ergonomics, intuitive menus and, of course, the quality of the images. When using high-aperture optics and certain camera settings, you can get JPEG files of excellent quality, which practically do not require processing. You can learn more about this. Plus, I got, albeit a small, park of lenses, which will have to be changed when switching to another system (Canon, Pentax or Sony).

Model

Choosing a specific model is already a more difficult task. I considered the following options for purchase: D5200, D5300, D5500, D7100, D7200 - with an APS-C format sensor (crop factor 1.5 - the sensor area is 1.5 times smaller than that of full-frame cameras) and D600, D610 - cameras with a full-frame sensor. I didn't want to buy Nikon D3200 and D3300 due to limited functionality (only 11 focusing points with one cross, no exposure bracketing, no time-lapse shooting function, etc.) Cameras that are higher in the lineup than Nikon D610 were not considered due high cost. I also didn’t want to buy a camera older than 2012. Technological progress does not stand still. The new cameras are equipped with more advanced matrices, processors, autofocus modules, and become easier and more convenient to operate.

Of course, the Nikon D610 is the favorite among the cameras listed. Full-frame 24-megapixel sensor, which allows, according to the DxOmark site, almost noise-free shooting up to ISO values of 3000 units. While other cameras under review, this figure is approximately 1300 units, with the exception of the Nikon D600. "Six hundred" in its characteristics is not much different from the D610. But, many photographers who bought this camera complained about oil droplets and small particles from the shutter, eventually appearing on the sensor. Nikon recognized the problem, and a year later released a replacement - Nikon D610, practically the same camera, but with a new shutter mechanism, which also increased the burst speed from 5 to 6 frames per second.

Full-frame camera users claim that their cameras produce images with smoother tonal transitions, different geometry, and a greater degree of blur (bokeh). My eye does not see differences in tonal transitions and geometry in pictures taken with full-frame cameras and cameras with an APS-C sensor. And I am quite satisfied with the degree of blur on matrices with a crop of 1.5. Therefore, the only important difference remains - the ability to shoot at high ISO values with little noise.

But at the same time, Nikon D610 has a number of disadvantages that are significant for me. Large weight of the camera itself (850 grams versus, for example, 470 for Nikon D5500), higher weight and price of lenses developed for cameras with a full-frame matrix. On the "Royal Benelux Lights" bus tour, I carried around my neck for 11 days from early morning until late at nightNikonD5000 (560 grams) with lensNikkor 18-105mm (450 grams). And at the end of the trip, my neck said, “Enough! I'm tired! Don't even think about buying heavy cameras in the future! " 🙂

Another drawback is that the Nikon D610's focus points cover a much smaller portion of the frame than the D5200, D5300, D5500, D7100 and D7200. This is not critical, but not convenient. When choosing focus points manually, you will often have to recompose the frame (you focus on one of the points, most often the central one, press the shutter button halfway, recompose the frame, press the shutter and get a photo). Finally, the D610 does not have a swivel screen. Someone will say: “This is not a minus,” but I’m used to the conveniences that a rotating screen provides - the ability to shoot from a low point, without lying on the ground, and with your arms outstretched, seeing what you are shooting (controlling the frame). The D750, one of the last full-frame cameras released by Nikon, lacks these drawbacks (except for weight). But the $ 2,000 price tag for the new model and $ 1,500 on the aftermarket is daunting.

All that said, the Nikon D610 is a great camera that delivers great photos in virtually any shooting situation. For those buying their first full-frame DSLR, this is a great choice.

Models D5200, D5300, D5500, D7100 and D7200, in my opinion, allow you to get images of the same quality. Of course, the seven thousandth series is more advanced than the five thousandth one. This is a larger number of control elements (buttons and wheels) on the camera body, an additional monochrome screen for controlling shooting parameters, dust and moisture protection of the body, more advanced autofocus with 51 focusing points (15 of them are cross-shaped) versus 39 points (with 9 cross-shaped), the best viewfinder, two slots for memory cards, a motor built into the camera ("screwdriver"), which allows full use of lenses without a focusing motor, advanced work with external flashes. But the greater weight - 765 grams, and the price. The new Nikon D7100 Body costs $ 900, Nikon D7200 Body - $ 1100. On the secondary market for the "unkilled" D7100 they ask for $ 600-650, for the D7200 - $ 800-850, at least in our area. If we are to carry a heavy camera, then it is a full-frame one, especially since its cost is not much more expensive. I would choose a used D610 over D7100 or D7200.

But, since one of the determining factors is weight, I still tend to the five thousandth series. Moreover, I can do without an additional display and a memory card slot, I use little external flashes, and all my lenses have a built-in focusing motor. Dust and moisture protection is a useful option, especially for travel lovers. But, do not forget that the lenses used must also be dust and moisture resistant. And this, as I understand it, applies only to top-end lenses with a high cost.

In the Nikon D5000, I lacked a separate button for switching focus areas (automatic selection of focus points or focusing on a selected point) and an additional wheel for quickly changing the ISO. But in the D5200, D5300 and D5500 the situation has changed. First, there is the Auto-ISO function. Now there is no need to constantly monitor the sensitivity value, it is enough to set the upper threshold or range - the minimum and maximum ISO values and the camera itself will select the required shutter speed or aperture value (depending on which mode you are shooting in). I use aperture priority mode more often than others, and one control wheel will be enough for me - to change the aperture value. Secondly, switching focus areas can be configured with a separate button, in the Nikon D5000 this was not possible. That is, in the new five-thousandth series models, I can control all the shooting parameters I need without taking my eyes off the viewfinder or digging into the menu.

Of the D5200, D5300 and D5500, I would choose the middle ground - the D5300. On the one hand, it surpasses the D5200 in a number of parameters - a new processor, built-in GPS and Wi-Fi modules, a display with a larger diagonal and less weight. On the other hand, the D5500 differs from the D5300 only in the presence of a touch screen, slightly lighter weight and a slightly improved battery. The new Nikon D5200 Body costs $ 500, the D5300 $ 550, and the D5500 $ 750. On the secondary market, you can buy the D5200 for about $ 300, the D5300 for $ 400, and the D5500 for $ 600-650. For this money, you can find a camera with low mileage, 4000-6000 frames, and often even with a kit Nikkor 18-55mm f / 3.5-5.6 lens included.

To summarize, from DSLR cameras I tend to buy Nikon D5300. But, I catch myself thinking that I would like a full-frame Nikon D750. There may still be some magic in full-frame cameras.

Choosing a mirrorless (system) camera

Brand name

There are about ten manufacturers on the market for mirrorless cameras, or as they are also called system cameras. But I think it makes sense to consider only Panasonic, Olympus, Sony and FujiFilm. It is the listed companies that set the tone in this market segment, constantly releasing new, more advanced models of cameras, optics and various accessories for them.

It should be clear from the title of the article that I opted for FujiFilm cameras and here's why. Olympus and Lumix cameras (manufactured by Panasonic) are equipped with Micro 4/3 format sensors, they are also called double-crop, since the sensor area is half that of full-frame models. Smaller sensor means more noise at high ISO values. Indeed, DxOmark publishes data that the working ISO of these cameras is in the 900 range. Recently, for me, the main subject of shooting is my growing daughter. And since a child is a perpetual motion machine and a jumper, in order to get a sharp frame, you have to shoot at shutter speeds no longer than 1/200 of a second. We often go for walks in the evening. And to get such a shutter speed even at open apertures, you have to raise the ISO to 1600 units and higher. At these values, Olympus and Lumix cameras start to experience color noise, which is difficult to deal with in post-processing.

Sony in the segment of system cameras is developing two directions: the line with the APS-C sensor - A3xxx, A5xxx, A6xxx and the line of full-frame cameras - A7. The A3xxx are ultra-budget cameras that are comparable in size and weight to entry-level DSLRs. Essentially, a mirrorless camera in a DSLR body. A pointless purchase for those looking to upgrade to mirrorless cameras due to their size and weight advantages.

The A5xxx and A6xxx are good replacements for the rather successful NEX series. But for me personally, they are not easy to manage. And we are not talking about a small number of control elements on the case. This is just fine. The overall ergonomics of these cameras is such that they feel like a foreign element in my hands. And if the device is inconvenient to use, you don't want to buy it.

Full-frame Sony A7, on the contrary, sit in the hand like a glove, they have excellent weight for full-frame cameras (up to 500 grams) and excellent image quality. But, very expensive optics. For example, the not the fastest standard Sony 24-70mm f / 4 zoom lens costs $ 1000, the Sony 70-300mm f / 4.5-5.6 telephoto lens costs $ 1500, and these are far from the most expensive options. I don't want to buy a camera for $ 1500 and pay three times more for the necessary lenses.

Fujifilm remains.

Model

This manufacturer has two models that interested me - X-T10 and X-T1, the price of which with a Fujinon 18-55mm f / 2.8-4 lens is $ 1000 and $ 1500, respectively. I also like the new flagship X-T2, but I don't like its price - about $ 2000 for a camera without a lens. What attracted me to Fujifilm cameras? Ergonomics (they fit perfectly in the hand, a lot of control elements on the body), a large viewfinder, which is really convenient to use, the presence of a folding screen, a very good in-camera JPEG with built-in film profiles.

DxOmark has no data on the characteristics of these cameras' matrices. This is probably due to the fact that Fuji, in the production of X-series cameras, did not use standard Bayer sensors, but its own matrices, made using X-Trans CMOS technology (crop factor 1.5). But, on the dpreview website, for most modern cameras, it is possible to evaluate the noise level at various ISO values. In my opinion, when compared with Nikon cameras, the working ISO of Fujifilm X-T10 and X-T1 is in the range between models with cropped D5xxx, D7xxx and full-frame D610, and closer to the latter.

The lenses of the X-series cameras are also okay. To date, more than two dozen lenses for the Fujifilm X-Mount mount have been produced (there are three stock zoom lenses alone: Fujinon 16-50mm f / 3.5-5.6, 18-55mm f / 2.8-4 and 16-55mm f / 2.8) ... Among them there are both budget options, for example, the Fujinon XC 50-230mm f / 4.5-6.7 telephoto lens for $ 300, and high-aperture dust-proof lenses - Fujinon XF WR 50-140mm f / 2.8 - $ 1,500. Moreover, according to reviews, even inexpensive lenses allow you to get excellent quality pictures.

Of the relatively new cameras equipped with a viewfinder, there is also the X-E2 and its modification - X-E2s at a reasonable price ($ 1000 with a Fujinon 18-55mm f / 2.8-4 lens and $ 800 with a Fujinon 16-50mm f / 3.5-5.6 ). The quality of photos taken with these cameras will be the same as that of the X-T1 and X-T10. All four models have the same matrix and processor. But, the X-E2 and X-E2s remind me of the Sony A5xxx and A6xxx cameras. In addition, compared to the X-T1 and X-T10, they have a small viewfinder, no swivel screen, and they do not fit so comfortably in the hand.

If you choose between T1 and T10, "one" is better for a man's hand. The T10 is too small for me personally, it is not so convenient to operate it. The differences are as follows: the X-T10 does not have dust and moisture protection, is equipped with a smaller viewfinder (although with the same 2.36 megapixel resolution), lacks support for high-speed SD UHS II memory cards. Another drawback is the smaller buffer capacity, which imposes restrictions on continuous shooting. But, again, the quality of the images is the same for these cameras.

So, most likely my choice is the Fujifilm X-T10. And the difference of $ 500 is better spent on optics. Alternatively, consider purchasing a used X-T1. But, on our peninsula, a second-hand "one" is a rare guest, and it is scary to buy by shipment, it is not known in what condition they will be sent.

Just the other day the companyFujifilm released a new cameraX— T20 with the same matrix and processor as the flagshipX— T2, but slightly stripped down in functionality. Its cost with a lensFujinon 18-55 mm f/2.8-4 is about $ 1300. Not a bad option - practically a flagship, only in a smaller case, without dust and moisture protection and a number of other points. But allowing you to get quality photosX— T2.

DSLR vs mirrorless - Nikon vs. FujiFilm

By and large, the only thing that doesn't suit me about SLR cameras is weight. As mentioned above, even the weight of junior models in conjunction with some lenses is more than a kilogram. And if you take a full-frame camera and several lenses, then such a system can weigh up to several kilograms. More weight of the camera and lens means you need a solid, stable tripod - that's a couple of kilograms more.

This section of comparison could have ended, but I decided to make a list of the positive qualities of each of the systems - mirrored and mirrorless.

Pros of a DSLR

Dimensions (edit)... Personally, I find it much more convenient to use a DSLR camera. It is more grippy and balanced even with large lenses. And some mirrorless cameras, in conjunction with a telephoto lens, resemble a smartphone with a spyglass glued to it. And it looks strange and extremely inconvenient to use.

A large number of optics and accessories... Due to the fact that mirrorless devices have been on the market for much longer than mirrorless ones, there are more various accessories and optics for them. This is the merit of not only the firms that directly produce DSLRs - Nikon, Canon, Pentax, Sony, but also third-party manufacturers - Tamron, Tokina, Samyang and a number of others.

Lower system cost... This primarily concerns the amateur segment, because professional cameras Nikon and Canon cost like an inexpensive foreign car. But if we compare, for example, lenses for cropped cameras, it turns out that SLR systems are cheaper. The new Nikon 35mm f / 1.8G AF-S DX costs $ 200, and the Fujinon XF 35mm f / 2 WR costs $ 400; Nikon 50mm f / 1.8G AF-S DX again $ 200, faster Nikon 50mm f / 1.4G AF-S - $ 400, Fuji - Fujinon XF 50mm f / 2 WR - $ 500 and Fujinon XF 56mm f / 1.2 for 1100 $. It should be noted here that the Fujinon lenses with the WR mark are dust-resistant, and the 56mm is super-fast. But such moments are of interest primarily to professionals. In the secondary market for owners of mirror systems, there is generally freedom. You can buy a fifty-kopeck piece for $ 100, a fast zoom like Tamron 17-50mm f / 2.8 for $ 150 and, for example, a good kit - Nikon D7000 with a Nikon 18-105mm f / 3.5-5.6 lens for only $ 400 (or something similar from Canon).

Optical viewfinder... The main advantage of the optical viewfinder (OVI) is that when using it, the human eye does not have to readjust, it is always comfortable. The electronic viewfinder (EVF) of mirrorless cameras is essentially a small television. The brightness of his picture may differ from what it actually is. In this case, the eye will need to adapt to new conditions each time in order to begin to confidently see what may cause discomfort. In addition, some photographers claim that if you use the electronic viewfinder for a long time, the other eye (which is closed) begins to see poorly and cannot focus for a while. Also EVF is not very convenient for continuous shooting. If in JVI, the photographer always sees what is happening in the frame, and can constantly keep the subject in the desired point, then the electronic viewfinder, after the picture is taken, shows a black screen for a couple of moments. During this time, the subject may move and the next frame will not work.

Separate phase focus sensors... Thanks to this, today SLR cameras are still better at focusing in tracking mode. Children and animals at play, sporting events, wedding reporting - all these scenes are best filmed in tracking mode.

Pros of a mirrorless (system) camera

Compactness of the system (weight and dimensions). One of the main advantages of mirrorless cameras, at least for me personally, is their weight. For example, Nikon D7100 with Sigma 17-70 f / 2.8-4 lens weighs 1 kilogram 300 grams, and Fujifilm X-T10 with Fujinon 18-55mm f / 2.8-4 - 700 grams. And these, in my opinion, are cameras of the same level. And, of course, compactness. You often want to take a small camera with you. They don't pay so much attention to it, i.e. you can take pictures where you are likely to be kicked out with a big black DSLR. You can take more lenses, etc.

Modern optics. Mirrorless cameras are relatively new on the market. And since they are structurally different from SLRs, engineers had to develop new lenses for them. The optics were created specifically for matrices with a large number of megapixels. While a number of lenses used on DSLR cameras were released quite a long time ago, even for matrices with a resolution of 6-12 megapixels, and not 24 and higher, like many modern cameras. Because of this, only the central part of the image is usually sharp. Modern optics of mirrorless devices allows you to obtain photos with uniform sharpness across the entire field of the frame.

Lack of back focus, front focus. Again, due to the design features, there are no back- and front-focus problems on mirrorless cameras, i.e. when the lens focuses not on the subject, but behind or in front of it. With DSLRs, this is a fairly common problem, especially when using third party optics.

Electronic viewfinder. The undoubted advantage of EVI is that the photographer sees the final result in it. Those. if the frame is overexposed (too light) or underexposed (too dark) - this is immediately visible, and you can quickly make the necessary exposure compensation. In addition, EVF allows you to enlarge the picture so that you can accurately determine the degree of sharpness of the future photo.

Mirrorless cameras are better. Or, at least, they have a number of functions that their mirror counterparts are deprived of. This is the ability to focus across the entire field of the frame, and not only on the central zone. And various functions-assistants for working with non-autofocus optics - focus-picking, focusing wedges. Silent shooting, exposure up to 1/32000 second inclusive and a number of other advantages.

Experts believe that Nikon will have problems with this system, just because it uses a 1-inch CX sensor, which is smaller than Micro Four Thirds. It looks like consumers are welcoming Nikon mirrorless cameras with open arms. The point is that the Nikon 1 J1 delivers excellent image quality. Very good high ISO performance. Differences between the Olympus OM-D E-M5 and Nikon 1 J1 are difficult to tell in the ISO range up to 1600. At ISO 3200 and above, you can see that the J1 and V1 perform slightly worse, but they are not too far behind.

The big question is, is there a barrier with a 1-inch CX sensor that Nikon can overcome to dominate the mirrorless market? One of the main reasons this market is booming is because consumers want to enjoy the benefits of a large sensor compact camera. That's the whole idea of interchangeable lens mirrorless cameras in the first place.

Nikon 1 J1 and V1 sensor versus Olympus OM-D E-M5 and PEN E-PL3 Micro Four Thirds sensor

Yes, Nikon's 1 J1 and V1 cameras use smaller sensors than Micro Four Thirds and much smaller sensors than APS-C. Sure, this company can focus on making nifty cameras and lenses, but a smaller sensor will always give way to the superiority of a larger sensor. Maybe the word "never" is the most appropriate, but it's hard to imagine Nikon coming up with revolutionary patented technology that would make their sensors better against larger sensors. Both Sony and Canon, in their pursuit of excellence, have opted for APS-C sensor size with their mirrorless cameras.

The Nikon 1 mirrorless camera is indeed very compact. People who have already had the pleasure of using Nikon photography equipment and lenses know that the reputation of these interchangeable lenses is a good reason to opt for them, despite the varied offerings of other mirrorless camera manufacturers.

Next, let's compare the dimensions of the following cameras: Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF5, Canon EOS M, Olympus PEN Mini E-PM1 versus Nikon 1 J1 and V1. You can see that V1 is actually the largest in the group in terms of height, Nikon 1 J1 is the smallest (size calculated excluding protrusions). The Nikon 1 J1 is of course smaller than other cameras. The reason for this diminutiveness is the lack of a viewfinder that is provided with the V1.

Pentax Q vs Nikon 1 V1 and J1 - size comparison

In the picture above, you can visually compare the Nikon 1 V1 and J1 with the Pentax Q, which uses a 1/2 3-inch sensor, which is much smaller than the Nikon 1 J1. This is the main reason why Pentax failed with this model. Of course, after that, the company released the Pentax K-01 with an APS-C sensor size. The Pentax K-01 has earned an excellent reputation with competent professionals. As for the Pentax Q, this product may remain on the market for some time (about two years), but there are no prerequisites for bright prospects for this camera.
So Nikon chose a sensor size that sits somewhere in the middle. It is larger than the Q, but smaller than the Micro Four Thirds. It is believed that Nikon engineers will have a technological opportunity in the future that will lead to new and exciting features that will maximize the benefits of using a smaller sensor. We've already seen from 10fps to 50fps using an electric shutter. And that alone gives us only a cursory glimpse of what Nikon is planning for us in the future with the Nikon 1 camera.

techradar.com wrote in their review of the Nikon 1 J1: “The image quality cannot be compared to the Micro Four Thirds cameras.” On the other hand, CNET liked the camera as a whole. Some in their reviews praise this camera very much, while others emphasize its shortcomings (no manual focus ring, slow flash sync in J1, small upper ISO range). add new features that will actually be very useful.

Most of us probably won't shoot at ISO 1600, and for this reason, it's better to use a smaller sensor that won't have any problems up to ISO 1600 (will improve over time), but in turn, the consumer gets new features that will be helpful and enjoyable. I think Nikon has made a compromise with the Nikon 1 camera. So, understanding the needs of hobbyist and enthusiast photographers with technological limitations, it seems that Nikon made a smart choice in offering a smaller sensor. This formula works because the product is selling well (so far).

Now, Canon has entered the market with its EOS M mirrorless camera. The market for interchangeable lens mirrorless cameras is getting more saturated. Competition is also fierce on the part of mobile phone cameras. A lot of cash injections are spent in order to create new technologies in this market and to stand out in the crowd. The second of the two main reasons why people choose MILC is the ability to use special interchangeable lenses.

If there was only one lens, there would be no reason to choose an MILC camera. Many people would prefer a large compact fixed lens (like the Sony RX100). Interchangeable lenses give photographers more flexibility and more creative options. You can use 1: 1 macro lenses, telephoto zoom lenses, high quality very fast prime lenses and ultra wide angle lenses. You can take pictures that cannot be captured with mobile phone cameras, or you can shoot with a camera with a large sensor, but with a fixed lens.

At the time of this writing, Nikon offers 4 Nikkor lenses: 10-30mm VR 30-110mm VR, 10mm and 10-100mm VR. 10-100mm VR PD-Zoom was specially designed for video shooting (dedicated lens). At the moment, the choice is not very large, but Nikon plans to release new lenses in the near future. Nikon is renowned for the quality of its optics. We are confident that all new lenses will demonstrate the optical quality at the highest level (at least we hope).

The Nikon 1 series is a unique example of how photographers must find their way out of challenging situations in a changing market. Maintaining a strong position in the DSLR segment, Nikon has been able to find its own niche in the emerging class of mirrorless cameras by creating a range of models with a unique set of characteristics.

Nikon 1 V3

Nikon 1 V3

18.3MP 10-30mm PDF3.5-6.6 3 "36,000 rubles.

As the main bargaining chip in the struggle for the attention of photographers, the developers took advantage of the main advantage of the Nikon 1 system - the rate of fire, which is provided by the small matrix of an inch format. With an updated 18MP back-illuminated CMOS sensor with 105 pairs of phase-detection AF sensors spread across virtually the entire frame, the camera delivers incredible performance. The shooting speed of 60 frames / s with the duration of a series of 40 shots in RAW format with the focus locked and 20 frames / s with active focusing can now be provided by any "system" compact. Moreover, there was nothing like this even in the professional mirror segment.

Nikon 1 V3 demonstrates excellent results in high-speed video shooting. 120fps recording mode is now available with a resolution of 1280 × 720 pixels. The videographic functionality provides full control of exposure parameters, control of the sound recording level, the ability to use an external microphone, including a condenser one, since the audio jack provides power if necessary.

To emphasize the Nikon 1 system's main advantage - compactness - the body has been extensively redesigned. The device has become much smaller than its predecessors. The solid grip protrusion has shrunk to a slight tide, but those who value comfort and ergonomics more compact can use an additional accessory - a removable handle equipped with a second release button and a wheel with customizable functions. The victim of minimizing body size is the built-in electronic viewfinder. However, for those who like to compose the frame looking through the eyepiece, the manufacturer suggests using an optional external viewfinder. It has excellent characteristics, in particular, it demonstrates 2.3 million points.

Nikon 1 V2

Nikon 1 V2

14.3 Mp 10-30 mm F3.5-5.6 3 ”26,000 rubles.

If Nikon 1 V3 can be recommended as a second camera for professional photographers, then the V2, which has faded into the background and has become cheaper, has every chance of gaining attractiveness among amateurs. It doesn’t have the record-breaking performance of its successor, nor does it offer the same sophisticated ergonomics, but it is still a small, fast camera with an abundance of settings and manual control options. And if you consider that it is offered at a price less than a number of much less capable amateur "systems", then keen photographers should definitely consider it.

Compared to most mid-range mirrorless cameras, the V2 looks like a baby. The magnesium alloy body and large, comfortable grip make the device comfortable to use and well balanced. Two wheels for selecting parameters allow you to work relatively quickly with the installation of shooting settings.

The rate of fire common to all Nikon 1 cameras is backed up by responsive electronics and fast, responsive hybrid autofocus. The compactness is not least achieved by the small inch sensor. When shooting, two processors are involved at once, each of which is responsible for its own front of work, which allow the camera to achieve impressive (albeit not as record-breaking as the V3) performance. The device can record pictures with a frequency of up to 15 fps and keep the subject in focus. Predictive Shooting, or Slow Motion as it is called here, allows you to record a series of shots even before you press the shutter, making it much easier to capture the right moment in the frame.

Specifications:

	Manufacturer

Average price*

Size, mm
Effective pixels, million
Lens, focusing	Bayonet (compatible optics)
Digital zoom, magnification
Image stabilization ***

Photography	ISO sensitivity **
Exposure range, sec
Subject programs



Manual white balance

Connecting an external flash
Aspect ratio 3: 2
Aspect ratio 16: 9

	15 fps (45 JPEG)
Video and sound	Video, pixels
Video sound
Sound commentary
Dictaphone
	LCD monitor, inches

Viewfinder****
Memory cards
Food*****
Dimensions, mm

Date of announcement

Nikon 1 J4

Nikon 1 J4

14.3 Mp 10-30 mm F3.5-5.6 3 ”19 900 rubles.

The fourth generation of Nikon J-series “system” cameras are more in line with the conventional wisdom of what a modern amateur camera should be like than its predecessors. The novelty turned out to be well balanced in functionality, dimensions and control structure. A simplified interface and suite of automated survey controls should help beginners master the technique and get good results in the end. That being said, the camera offers a range of both creative and entertaining functions.

Thanks to the touch display that appeared in this camera, the user has the opportunity to change it as needed, simply by poking his finger at the screen, and not remember in which menu or which combination of keys or wheels it is installed. By clicking on the screen, it is more convenient to control the palette of artistic software filters, applying the desired effect in the right amount in a certain area of the picture. If the traditional control method is closer or you are too lazy to take off your gloves in the cold (the resistive screen works only from contact with the skin), then the touch input can be used only for some operations - for example, to select the focusing area, and all other actions can be performed using keys on the case.

From the flagship V3, the latest hobbyist model borrows more powerful electronics and a latest generation sensor with phase detection autofocus sensors. Thus, despite the noticeable increase in resolution, and, consequently, in the amount of graphic information for processing, the J4 can now also shoot 20 frames / s with continuous autofocus. However, the buffer memory is smaller here, so the series will be shorter. The video mode has grown in frame rate when using the Full HD format.

It will not be very convenient to transfer footage shot to J4 through a card reader, since microSD cards are used as a storage medium - extremely miniature, rather fragile, and most importantly created precisely in order to get lost. An alternative will be the module for transferring photos and videos via Wi-Fi: not very fast, but much more reliable. With its help, saving the finished material on a computer as an intermediate step, you can exclude and immediately send pictures and videos to online galleries or social networks.

Nikon 1 AW1

Nikon 1 AW1

14.3 MP 11-27.5 mm F3.5-5.6 AW 3 ”26,000 rubles.

Speaking of the Nikon 1 paradigm as a field of unique “system” cameras, we cannot but mention the AW1 camera. It can submerge in water and shoot at depths of up to 15 meters without expensive boxes and dedicated lens ports. Previously, only compacts with built-in optics could boast of such skill. There are two waterproof lenses to choose from for use with the AW1. Naturally, all other Nikkor optics are available on land, including those for DSLRs. And even if the inch format imposes some restrictions on the quality of the images obtained, the photographs obtained with the AW1 will certainly be much better than the photographs from compact amphibians.

Designers have tried to give a solid sealed construction a completely "secular" look, and unlike many "waterfowl" cameras, the Nikon 1 AW1 does not betray its specialty. It will look appropriate and discreet in any situation, not just in a dive center or a ski resort.

With external neutrality, the camera is well suited for extreme travel. Thanks to the additional reinforcement of the structure, the camera is not afraid of falling from a height of 2 meters on land. The device remains fully operational during prolonged exposure to frost. Built-in GPS module with electronic compass and altimeter - additional useful functionality for the travel photographer. This camera, like the rest of the Nikon 1 system, stands out for its responsiveness to user actions, powerful autofocus and fast burst performance. So shooting extreme sports, coupled with unfavorable environmental conditions, is the most suitable format for her.

Specifications:

	Manufacturer

Average price*

Size, mm
Effective pixels, million
Lens, focusing	Bayonet (compatible optics)
Digital zoom, magnification
Image stabilization ***

Photography	ISO sensitivity **
Exposure range, sec
Subject programs



Manual white balance
Built-in flash guide number, m
Connecting an external flash
Aspect ratio 3: 2
Aspect ratio 16: 9

Shooting speed (frames per burst)	15 fps (45 JPEG)
Video and sound	Video, pixels
Video sound
Sound commentary
Dictaphone
	LCD monitor, inches
LCD monitor resolution, thousand pixels
Viewfinder****
Memory cards
Food*****
Dimensions, mm

Date of announcement

Nikon 1 S2

Nikon 1 S2

14.3 Mp 10-30 mm F3.5-5.6 3 ”15 600 rubles.

In terms of affordability in the entry-level segment, only Samsung cameras can compete with the S2 (if, of course, we consider the current, not outdated models). Pay attention to this camera for those who are looking for more versatility and higher quality of shooting in a camera than compacts in this price range can offer, but at the same time appreciate the "pocket". Here again, the only rival for S2 will be Samsung NX Mini, but the competitor is significantly inferior in terms of the number of lenses available.

At a low resolution of 14 megapixels, the sensor attracts with other advantages. First of all, it is equipped with sensors for determining the sharpness by the phase difference of light waves. Thanks to this, autofocus is not only accurate but also fast. Do not underestimate the effectiveness of focusing in an entry-level camera, as its target audience is unlikely to be puzzled by manual focusing. There is no low-pass filter on the sensor, moiré suppression is performed in software. This will give you more real-world image detail than most cameras with higher nominal resolutions. The Expeed 4A processor delivers continuous shooting at 20fps in full image size with active autofocus. The model differs from the J4 in smaller dimensions, a conventional display with an average resolution and no Wi-Fi. The wireless interface, if necessary, can be obtained as an option: the miniature WU-1a transmitter will add missing, but popular functionality.