Internet: pros and cons (School essays). Positive and negative impact of the Internet on adolescents Municipal educational institution of Ufa
Belonogova Natalya Ivanovna, teacher of Russian language and literature, State educational institution of secondary vocational education "Nizhnekamsk Industrial College", Nizhnekamsk, Republic of Tatarstan.
"Internet in the life of a teenager."
Annotation. The article is devoted to the issues of a new phenomenon of social reality - computer networks. The author of the article writes about a new type of psychological disorder among young people - Internet addiction. Also, recommendations were given to parents on the prevention of Internet addiction in adolescents.
Key words: Internet, prevention of Internet addiction, safe behavior of a teenager on the Internet.
Many children get acquainted with the Internet at school, very quickly master and become more active Internet
users than educators and parents accumulate user experience much faster than adults. At the same time, there is an obvious lack of knowledge of adolescents about safe behavior on the Internet. To teach them how to work safely on the Internet, parents and teachers should know what is happening in the virtual world of children, how important the Internet plays in their lives.
users are getting younger. According to statistics, in Russia, on average, only a third of adults are Internet users, while among schoolchildren there are almost 90% of them. This is due to the emergence of the network portals "Odnoklassniki", "Vkontakte", "Facebook." ... Through and through the Web, students acquire knowledge and social skills that will help them become successful digital citizens in the near future.
In the information society, the development perspective is primarily associated with the consumption of information. Today the Internet is turning into one of the main sources of it not only for adults, but also for children. For Russian adolescents, the Internet, in comparison with books, television, and magazines, is becoming the main source of information, competes with teachers and friends, and partially replaces parents.
A teenager is more likely to enjoy the Internet, enjoy it, rather than analyze and critically reflect on the information received. More than half of Russian schoolchildren consider the Internet a free space, where everyone can do what they want. This is also a very attractive moment for teenagers, increasing their user activity. After all, one of the most pressing needs at this age is the need for autonomy and independence. Most of the parents do not prohibit their children to freely use the Internet and do not limit them in time. Schoolchildren actively use the possibilities of the Internet for communication: they keep online diaries, communicate with friends via Skype, use e-mail, communicate in chats and various social networks. A significant part of the time that Russian schoolchildren spend on the Web, they devote to searching for audio and video recordings. Many indicated that they often listen to audio and watch videos, participate in various promotions and polls, play online games, and also browse sites that their parents are not allowed to visit.2
Less actively than parents and teachers might think, schoolchildren view the Web as a source of information for learning. Defining the Internet as one of the main sources of information, some adolescents realize that one can also meet negative, aggressive, harmful information on the Internet. However, not all adolescents are aware of the harmfulness of some information. Acquaintance with the unknown and the unusual almost always causes uncertainty and fear. And the global network not only captures, but also amazes anyone with its colossal capabilities. Therefore, at the first stages of the development of the Internet, the sensitivity to its possible risks and threats is higher. Some Russian teenagers get acquainted with the Internet in schools under the supervision of adults. Filters are often installed in school computers, which, despite their shortcomings, still block a certain part of negative material.
The biggest threat, according to European researchers, is posed by luring and spreading personal information on the Internet.
Clash with a pornographic convention in Europe and in Moscow ranks second among Internet threats. According to our data, in the regions of Russia, high school students are more likely to meet with extremist and cruel content. Although every second teenager faces all the threats of the Web, not all children know what to do in such situations. They usually seek help from peers or use trial and error to develop their strategies for coping with threats. Moreover, they may not view certain situations as dangerous, which only increases the risk. It is adults who can teach children how to use the Internet safely, and parents play a special role in teachers. Therefore, it is so important that pedagogy parents, realizing the importance of the Internet in the development of schoolchildren, can themselves correspond to the new social situation and teach children not only effective but also safe use of the opportunities of the global network. problems on the Internet. At the beginning of 2010, the first help service for children and adults facing danger on the Internet, the Children Online Help Line, appeared in Russia. The Help Line employs professional psychologists who provide psychological assistance to children who face threats while using the Internet or mobile communications, and information support to parents, educators and educators who are concerned about the safety of children on the Internet. Scientific and methodological support is provided by the Faculty of Psychology of Moscow State University. MV Lomonosov, Federal Institute for the Development of Education of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Children already at an early age begin to use the Internet at school and at home. However, those under the age of ten usually do not have the critical thinking skills so necessary to surf the Internet on their own. Therefore, whenever children go online, parents need to sit next to them and make sure that they only visit "verified" sites.
Tips for Parents 1. Go online with your children. 2. Teach children to trust their intuition. If something bothers them on the Internet, let them tell you about it. 3. In chat rooms, instant messaging programs, online games, a login is required. Help your child choose one and make sure it does not contain any personal information. Insist that children never give out their address, phone number, or other personal information, such as where they study or where they go for a walk. 4. Teach the children to respect their online conversations. Good manners apply 3
everywhere, even in the virtual world. 5. Explain that illegal copying of someone else's work of music, computer games and other programs is theft. Tell your children that dating online friends is dangerous; these people may not be who they say they are. Explain that not all information on the Web is true. Teach children to consult with you when they are not sure about something. 6. Monitor children's activities on the Internet using modern programs. They will help filter out harmful content and find out which sites your child is visiting. Excessive Internet use distracts children from doing homework, playing sports, sleeping, and communicating with peers. The Network further isolates shy teens. Parents and teachers often don’t realize this problem until it becomes too serious.
Tips for Parents on Internet Prevention
child addiction
Monitor your symptoms online
dependencies. Ask yourself: Does time spent online have an impact on your child's school success, health, and relationships with family and friends? Find out how much time your child spends on the Internet. Get help. If your child is showing serious signs of Internet addiction, consult a teacher. Internet compulsion can be a symptom of other problems, such as depression, irritation, or low self-esteem. Do not ban the Internet. For most children, it is an important part of their social life. Instead, establish family rules for Internet use. In them, you can prescribe the amount of time that the child spends on the Internet every day; a ban on logging into the Network before doing homework; restricting chatting or viewing adult content. Keep your computer outdoors. Place the computer in the common room of your apartment, not in your child's bedroom. Help your child participate in offline communication. If your child is shy and uncomfortable with peers, why not consider special training? Encourage your child to participate in activities that bring children with the same interests together, such as ship modeling or literature club. Suggest alternatives. If you think your kids are only interested in online entertainment, try offering them a non-virtual analogue of one of your favorite games. For example, if your child enjoys role-playing fantasy games, encourage them to read books on the subject. There are ways to keep track of which Internet pages your child is interested in. Modern browsers usually keep a log of the last visited sites. Browsers also create temporary copies of pages known as cache files. There are filtering tools that cut off access to prohibited sites, but these programs often fail to filter out unwanted material. Plus, they can block out really useful information that kids need to do their homework, for example. And children who are familiar with the computer know how to turn off such filters. A much more effective way to create clear rules on how to use the Internet and communicate frankly with children. By using chat, email and instant messaging systems, children are at risk of coming into contact with intruders. The anonymity of communication on the Internet contributes to the rapid emergence of trusting and friendly 4
relationship. Criminals use this advantage to establish contact with inexperienced young people.
What actions are online criminals taking?
Solving their problems, teenagers often turn to forums and conferences for support and help, where both decent people and intruders can be registered. The latter try to win the trust of their potential victim with attention, caring, kindness and even gifts, often spending significant time, money and energy on these efforts. They are usually well aware of the latest in music and children's hobbies. They listen to adolescents and empathize with them. Gradually, however, perpetrators introduce sexuality into conversations or display sexually explicit material in an attempt to loosen the moral inhibitions that hold young people back. Some perpetrators immediately engage in sexual conversation. This straightforward approach may include decisive action or covert stalking of the victim. Criminals may also consider meeting children in real life.
Which young people are in danger?
Adolescents seek to explore their sexuality, escape from the control of their parents, and forge new relationships outside the family. They are more vulnerable to danger than others, even if they do not fully understand the possible consequences.
The most vulnerable to cybercriminals are: • newcomers to the Internet;
Not familiar with netiquette; Unfriendly users; Those who are eager to try new things related to thrills; Actively seeking attention and affection; Rebels; Lonely or abandoned; Curious; Experiencing problems with sexual orientation; • who are easily deceived by adults; • who are attracted to a subculture that goes beyond the understanding of their parents.
Educate children about the existence of intruders and the potential dangers of the Internet. Young children should not use chat rooms. Only when your child is older can you be allowed to communicate where there is control over messages (or, in computer terms, “moderation.”) If your children use chat rooms, you should know who and who they are talking to. Visit the chat in person to check what topics are being discussed. Encourage children to never leave a shared chat. Many sites have "private rooms" where users can have private conversations; administrators cannot read these conversations. These "rooms" are often referred to as "private". A computer connected to the Internet must be in the common room; never install it in a child's bedroom. It is much more difficult for a criminal to strike up a relationship if you can see the computer screen well. But sit next to the child when 5
it is on the web, it is necessary in any case. When children are young, it is best for them to use the family's common email address rather than their own. Explain to the children that they should never reply to instant messages or emails from strangers. If children use computers outside of your control, a public library, school, or a friend's home, find out what protective equipment is being used there. If, despite all the precautions, your children are exposed to an intruder online, don't blame them. All responsibility lies with the offender. Take decisive action to stop the child from any further contact with this person.
How can you reduce your risk of being victimized?
Children can take the following precautions: Never download images from an unknown source; use email filters; immediately inform adults about all cases on the Internet that caused embarrassment or fear; Use a sex-neutral screen name that does not contain sexual innuendo and does not reveal any personal information; never tell anyone on the Internet information about yourself (including age and gender) or family; never fill out personal profiles on the web; Stop any contact by email, instant messaging, or chat rooms if someone begins to ask questions of a personal nature or that contain sexual innuendo.
How do you know if your child is a potential target of a criminal?
The following signs may indicate that an intruder has noticed your child: Your child spends a lot of time on the Internet. Most of the children targeted by Internet criminals spend a lot of time on the Internet, especially in chat rooms; sometimes they close the door to their room and hide what they are doing while working on the computer. Pornographic materials have appeared on the family computer. Criminals often use explicit materials; As an excuse to initiate sexual discussions, offenders may provide children with photographs, links to relevant sites, and erotic messages. Criminals may use photographs of child pornography to instill in a child that sexual relations between adults and children are natural. You should be aware of the fact that your child may hide pornographic files on disks, especially if other family members also use the computer. Your child receives calls from people you do not know, or he himself calls (sometimes to other cities), which you are not familiar with. Having established contact with a child on the Internet, some attackers may try to involve children in "phone sex" or try to meet in real life. If children hesitate to give a phone number, the Internet maniac can tell them his. Don't let your child meet a stranger in person without your supervision. Your child receives letters, gifts, or packages from someone you don't know. Typically, persecutors send letters, photographs, and gifts to their potential victims. Sex Perverts Even Send Plane Tickets To Seduce 6
meeting in person. Your child shuns family and friends and quickly turns off the computer monitor or switches to another "window" if an adult enters the room. Internet criminals diligently drive a wedge between children and their families and often exaggerate minor troubles in the child's relationship with loved ones. Sexually harassed children become withdrawn and depressed.
What if your child is a potential victim of an online criminal?
• Check the computer for pornographic files or any evidence of sexual intimacy • If your child receives pornographic photos or is sexually harassed, contact your local law enforcement office. All information must be retained, including email addresses, website and chat addresses.
Addiction of children to computer games
Almost every family has a computer or a game console, and there are often stories about how children and adolescents sit for hours at the monitors, forgetting about everything in the world. Parents and educators cannot understand how they can devote so much time to hunting monsters, shooting games, racing and other nonsense. Indeed, from the outside it is sometimes impossible to understand why computer games attract young people so much. Let's try to figure it out. Fans of computer games are called "computer fans" or "gamers" (from the English "game" game). Passion for computer games is a kind of psychological process of "chain reaction". Having passed one game in the genre that he liked more than others, a teenager is looking for new games of the same genre, made in an identical style and not inferior in psychological stress. And then there is a desire to go through all the games of this type, of which there are a lot of them on the market at the moment. At the same time, the expected result fades into the background in a person's consciousness, and attention is completely taken by an easily and amusingly flowing process, since events in computer games do not repeat themselves, they occur dynamically, and the action itself is continuous. Now more and more popular are network computer games, in which the number of players is often not limited. And if an ordinary "shooter" or "walker" has a maximum number of options for the development of the plot, then with a large number of participants in living people, the game interaction becomes endless. So, in a computer game, the process is attractive. Some parents, and even teachers, expect that the child will pass the next level or gain the desired number of points and stop there, but this opinion is fundamentally mistaken. Teenagers get so used to a realistic computer game that it becomes much more interesting for them "there" than in real life. This is how avid gamblers describe their activity: “There is something intoxicating that an entire system can be started with an order given by me, these feelings are similar to the feeling of power and competence.” Computer play evokes intense positive emotions and is of value to the experiencer. Thanks to this, the activity becomes internally motivated. A similar state is experienced by those who are addicted to being on the Internet. But, despite the positive emotions bestowed, gambling addiction leads to personality degradation, decomposition of social status, loss of their own "I", 7
deterioration of the psychological state, excitement, the emergence of aggression, isolation, distrust. Also, many teachers, psychologists express concern that games with elements of violence bring up aggressiveness. Teenagers are "addicted" to computer games for the following reasons: Requirements for actions during the game are clear and specific; • there is a quick feedback, effectiveness; • "incomplete action" does not allow the player to forget about the game; conflict with parents, peers, inability to build relationships with the opposite sex); there is a feeling of having their own world, into which no one except the teenager himself has access. The game becomes the process of creating and constructing the life of various creatures, tribes, settlements and entire cities, and this helps to fall into a state of self-forgetfulness. A person can actively influence the events taking place in this world, choose a line of behavior, make any (within the framework of the game) decisions with a complete lack of responsibility; there is an opportunity to correct any mistake by repeated attempts; the game is not just a pastime, it is a mechanism of self-realization.
The main symptoms of gambling addiction
1. Complete reluctance of the teenager to be distracted from work or play on the computer. 2. Irritation when forced to be distracted from the process. 3. Inability to plan the end of a session of work or play. 4. Spending money on constant software updates, including games. 5. Completely. Forgetting while playing on the computer about household chores, studies, plans, meetings. 6. Neglecting your own health, hygiene and sleep in favor of spending more time at the computer. 7. Abuse of coffee and other psychostimulants (energy drinks). 8. Willingness to be satisfied. irregular, random and monotonous food, without looking up from the computer. 9. Feeling of emotional uplift while working on the computer. 10. Discussion of computer technologies with all the slightest knowledgeable people in this area, a complete lack of interest in other topics. Computer games have a negative effect on the health of children. ... Factors harmful to mental health: • A person immersed in virtual reality loses reference in the external world • "Narrowing" of interests: attention is focused only on new information technologies • The circle of social contacts becomes narrow or disappears completely • Loss of desire to learn, Working, socializing, starting a family Feeling a sense of perceived superiority over others Depletion of the emotional sphere Loss of the meaning of life and normal human values.
Ways to solve the problem
Opposing the attractiveness of computer games is very difficult and probably unnecessary. But it is necessary to trace how and what exactly the teenager plays. A reasonable and balanced analysis of the child's play preferences and habits will help make interesting discoveries about his inner world, as well as understand what his difficulties in the outer world are. Parents, educators and psychologists need to fight not at all with computer games, but with the child's inability to manage his own free time. The teenager needs to be taught to control his time, emotions and feelings. Children are advised to spend no more than 23 hours a day at the computer and play less. Better to learn something in a playful way. Sanitary rules determine that the duration of continuous work of an adult PC user should not exceed 2 hours, a child 1020 minutes, depending on age. The only proven way to prevent a teenager from being dependent on virtual games to involve him in processes not related to computers ; to show a growing person that there is a lot of interesting entertainment (skiing, reading books, poetry, amateur performances, playing musical instruments, dancing, picking mushrooms, hiking, football, etc.), which not only allow you to experience the thrill, but also train the body and normalize the psychological state. Thus, the relevance of the study of the psychological consequences of Internet addiction in adolescence is determined, firstly, by the constant increase in the number of adolescents and young people as Internet users; secondly, by the fact that excessive addiction to the Internet has a destructive effect on a young person, causes a negative impact on his psyche; thirdly, the lack of in-depth research in this area, due to the relative novelty of the phenomenon of Internet addiction, which until now has practically not been considered. References: 1. Kimberly J. Diagnosis of Internet addiction // Psychology, 2010, № 5.
BelonogovaNatalya, teacher of Russianlanguage and literatureof the educationalinstitutions of secondaryeducation "Nizhnekamsk industrial college", Nizhnekamsk, [email protected]"The Internetin thelife of a teenager." Abstract.The article deals withthe newphenomenon of socialreality a computer network.The authorwrites abouta new form of psychological distressamong young people
the Internet dependence.As well as theguidance for parentsto preventInternet dependingteenagers.Key words: Internet, preventing internet based, safe teenbehavioron the web.
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
NORTHERN (ARCTIC) FEDERAL UNIVERSITY
nameM.V. Lomonosov
Institute of Psychology, Pedagogy and Social Work
Department of Social Work
Course work
on the topic:
Social networks in the life of high school students.
Completed: 2nd year student
Faculty of Social Work
Kaneva Maria Valerievna
Checked by: Fedulova
Anna Borisovna
Arkhangelsk
2011
CONTENT
- Introduction
- Internet
- Internet as a modern source of communication
Social media
The history of the development of social networks
Major social networks
Man in social network
The danger of social media
- 2.1 Patterns of development of adolescence
- 2.2 High school student personality
- Empirical study of the importance of social networks in the life of high school students on the example of secondary school № 28 in Arkhangelsk.
- 3.1 Research program
- 3.2 Research results
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
"We are only nodes in a global network of current information."
Vilém Flusser
At the turn of the 21st century, society entered a new era of technical revolution. Modern society lives in an "informatized" and "technized" environment. A society in the midst of constant technological advances and based on the ability of one and all to process information is rightfully called the "information society". As D. Bell said, “The main importance is not muscular strength and not energy, but information”.
In the modern world, earlier (traditional) means of communication - spoken word, writing, book, telephone, are losing their relevance. Communication data is easily (and increasingly) replaced by the World Wide Web. The main function of the worldwide computer network is to inform society. The Internet can be imagined as a huge repository of information and plus, it is a means of mass and even global communication, unites all the world's information resources into a single system. In addition to receiving any information (including in real time), the Internet is increasingly attracted by the ability to communicate.
Experts observing the development of the Internet agree that 2007 will remain in history as the “year of social networks”. Having loudly declared themselves for the first time in 2003 and having experienced a real boom in 2005, today social networks have acquired a number of opportunities that bring them to a fundamentally new level. Surprisingly, now, when communicating on the Internet, the question is often asked not "in which country do you live?", But "in which social network do you communicate?" Along the way, social services refute the thesis about the mind of the crowd - the content of social sites, which is a product of collective labor, often turns out to be much higher quality, relevant, and visual than the content of individual online resources.
Social networks, or, more simply, hobby clubs have been known for centuries. The main advantage of a social network is that people communicate in it voluntarily. This creates a high level of confidence in the information received. In conditions when several thousand advertising slogans, mottos and appeals fall on a person's head every day, the consumer has learned to filter information, to separate the advertising (less objective) component from objective data.
Purpose of the study: define the role of the social network in the life of a high school student.
Research objectives:
1. Define what a "social network" is.
2. Study the history of the emergence of social networks.
3. Reveal the classification of social networks.
4. Consider. the largest social networks in Russia and abroad
5. Find out what danger social networks can pose.
Relevance of the topic: Social networks are rapidly gaining popularity all over the world, the audiences of some of them already exceed the population of the largest countries, and the majority of users are the young population of the planet. Social virtual empires emerged just 10 years ago, but their impact on everyday life is enormous. Children of the 21st century spend most of their time on social media. Modern education is being formed in the context of dynamically developing social networks (blogs). Services such as Odnoklassniki, Live Journal, Contact and many others are gaining more and more popularity. There is a danger of the uncontrolled impact of virtual environments on the consciousness and behavior of not only children, but also senior school children, students and young people over 25 years old are affected by the Internet. Decisive steps are required to create organizational, psychological and pedagogical support for communication and activities of people in social networks (blogs).
Chapter 1. Internet.
Modern society is characterized by the rapid development of computer communication technologies and the Internet. Internet? T (English Internet) is a worldwide system of united computer networks, built on the use of the IP protocol and routing of data packets. The Internet forms a global information space, serves as the physical basis for the World Wide Web and many other systems (protocols) for data transmission. Often referred to as "World Wide Web" and "World Wide Web". The origins of the Internet lie in the development of packet switching of an open network architecture, which characterizes it as a product of technogenic development, intended at the initial stage for highly specialized specialists, which were the users of the first computer networks. However, today the mention of the term "Internet" may contain the meanings not only of a computer, but also of a social orientation. The international computer network has become a new media, an open source of mass communication, a platform for economic and political operations, a place for leisure and even religious activities. The Internet has penetrated almost all spheres of society, its widespread entry into our life and everyday life occurred much faster than the mass development of such technical inventions of the late 19th - first half of the 20th centuries, such as telephone, radio, television. Obviously, the social demand for the Internet was very high.
Today the Internet is the most massive and efficient source of information. Almost every large Western organization, firm or company has its own "representative office", its own WWW-page on the Internet. The Internet contains "electronic" versions of many thousands of newspapers and magazines, hundreds of radio stations and television companies broadcast via the Internet. It is difficult to find any area of human activity that would not be represented on the Internet in its entirety by hundreds and thousands of "pages". Another popular technology for obtaining information is through the so-called "newsgroups". Their number is approaching one hundred thousand today.
Also, the Internet is the world's largest source of entertainment. Games and music, cinema and theater - all forms of art and all the offspring of the huge entertainment industry are presented on the Internet today. You can play a game with a partner on the other side of the earth, find out the news about the life of your favorite rock band and listen to their latest disc, solve a crossword puzzle and get the results of the last football match, read a vast collection of jokes and become a collector of very interesting pictures, finally, even take part in a meeting of the Society of Fried Cuttlefish Lovers ... It is difficult even to name a type of entertainment and hobby that is not devoted to at least a dozen pages on the Web.
The Internet is the most favorable space for business. E-commerce is becoming more and more popular, allowing the user to make a purchase of almost any product anywhere in the world. On the Internet you can order and receive new software products, send a bouquet of flowers to your girlfriend and even purchase a car. And also find out the latest trading results on stock exchanges around the world, inquire about the stock price of a particular company and make a deal with them. For large firms and corporations, the Network has become an ideal environment for all kinds of transactions and settlements, as well as business-to-business trading, and real-time meetings. However, not only a large company can make money on the Web, but also practically any person who has created his own page.
The Internet is the perfect advertising tool.
The network gives anyone an almost free opportunity to notify a multi-million audience about the services or products offered to them. The Internet equates individuals, mid-sized firms and large corporations: all have the same opportunities to attract customers. You don’t have to pay thousands and even millions of dollars for moments of advertising on television, you don’t need to buy newspaper pages - your Internet page will function around the clock, without interruptions.
The Internet is a tremendous space for creativity. With the help of the Web, you can present yourself to the whole world by creating a personal home page. About what? What do you want. About your favorite band or composer, about the breed of cats or about collecting floats. Or you can - about yourself, your beloved, in order to surprise your acquaintances with careless: "Go to my page on the Internet, there are photos from yesterday's birthday" ...
And of course, the Internet is the most progressive means of communication and communication. Every day, Internet users send each other hundreds of millions of e-mails - for many of them, the Internet has completely replaced regular mail. Millions of people meet and communicate with each other every day on all kinds of "chatting" IRC channels. So far, a relatively small number of people use the services of Internet telephony and video conferencing, however, these communication technologies are becoming more and more popular: the "peak" of demand for them is expected no later than 2000.
The Internet can be imagined as a huge repository of information and plus, it is a means of mass and even global communication, unites all the world's information resources into a single system.
1.1 The Internet as a modern source of communication
We hear about the Internet everywhere. Today, this word owns the minds of millions. The concept of the Internet is quite young, it has developed over the past ten years, perhaps this is the reason that the main user of it is a young or relatively young part of the population. Today, young people cannot imagine their life without the Internet. What seduces the Internet? Why do many people compare it to drug addiction?
The Internet opens up so many opportunities for us and saves us so much time that we cannot deny ourselves the pleasure of using this miracle of technology.
What is this Internet good for? Here is just a small list of the possibilities that it "opens" to us:
* Students and schoolchildren are already much less likely to visit libraries, because the Internet provides any information they need. Sometimes it even seems that the Internet in the near future will finally and irrevocably oust libraries from the life of society;
* We have the opportunity to receive the newest, most "fresh" information about what is happening in the world;
* The newest musical hits, films that are the best sellers become available for download and further viewing;
* As well as numerous chats that provide an opportunity for hours of communication with friends and colleagues at work;
* E-mail, which, unlike usual, is almost instantaneous;
For this and many other things, young people love the Internet so much - thanks to the opportunities it provides, the Internet owns not only the minds, but also the hearts of people.
- Social media
The intention to create a virtual personality can be dissatisfaction with real life (an attempt to "live" a different, better life), satiety with real life, the desire to get new sensations, the need to construct a different symbolic reality for creative self-expression, conspiracy (the desire to hide information about oneself from a wide to the public or to convey reliable incognito facts to it). The reason for going online as a real person can be social rigidity (inflexibility, unwillingness to express oneself in changed social conditions), self-sufficiency (satisfaction with real life, sufficient for its positioning in any environment).
What is the Social Network? Nowadays, the concept of "social network" is firmly embedded in the list of the most common and used Internet terms. However, not all users of the World Wide Web know that it existed long before the advent of the Internet.
The term "Social Network" - was introduced in 1954 by a sociologist from the Manchester School, James Barnes, who studied the relationships and relationships between people using sociograms. This method is still used in practical psychology and sociology in the study of small groups, within the framework of a technique called sociometry.
There are many definitions. For example, at present, in the usual sense of the word, a social network is a community of people who know each other and are connected by common interests, common cause or something else.
The Free Encyclopedia Wikipedia defines the Social Network as an interactive multi-user website, the content of which is filled by the network participants themselves. The site is an automated social environment that allows a group of users to communicate with a common interest. These include thematic forums, especially industry forums, which have been actively developing lately. Communication is carried out via a web service of internal mail or instant messaging.
On the Internet, a social network is an online service that allows people to unite according to a certain principle, providing them with convenient tools for communication and self-expression.
- The history of the development of social networks.
The first computer social networks were, oddly enough, all the same groups of people who used the means of computer communication to create and maintain social connections, which became e-mail. It happened on October 2, 1971 - the day of the first message sent to a remote computer, and the first users of the social network were the military on the ARPA Net. This was the first step towards the creation of the Internet and modern social
Internet networks.
The next step was the invention of IRC (Internet Relay Chat), a service system for real-time communication. IRC, or "irka" as it is also called, was created in 1988 by a Finnish student, Yarko Oikarinen. These were already more "advanced" social networks, but still far from modern ones.
The invention of computers, e-mail, IRC and many others led to the invention of the Internet on August 7, 1991. It was on this day that British scientist Tim Berners-Lee first published the first Internet pages and thus took the next step towards modern social networks.
And so, in 1995, the first close to modern social network Classmates.com appeared, created by Randy Konrad, owner of Classmates Online, Inc. This site helped registered visitors to find and maintain relationships with friends, classmates, classmates and other acquaintances. More than 40 million people are currently registered on this network, mainly from the USA and Canada. The Classmates concept turned out to be successful, it has been developing since 2005, and not only within this network there have appeared such world giants as MySpace, FaceBook, Bebo and LinkedIn or the runet giants Odnoklassniki.ru, VKontakte, MoiMir and MoiKrug.
- Social media classification
All social networks are categorized by type. There are networks for finding people: classmates, classmates, colleagues and other people. There are business networks for job search, partners, professional communication and other business issues. Some networks are based on video, some on audio and music specifically, and some on photos. There are also niche networks that may not fit into the above categories.
Also, conditionally, networks can be divided into geographic orientation: global or for a specific country.
In addition, different networks have different attitudes towards the information openness policy. Most of the networks are currently open, but there are also closed ones, where people go only by invitation. Closed networks are just beginning to appear, but you can already expect their popularity in a few years, people, of course, like everything that is forbidden and difficult to access.
According to the level of development, social networks can be divided into web 1.0 - the first social networks with basic functionality, web 2.0 - modern social networks with wide functionality for communication and web 3.0 - social networks of the future that solve specific problems.
- Major social networks
According to the results of the same research, the most popular social network in Russia is Vkontakte, every third Internet user (31%) visits it every day, and another 23% do it weekly. The second place is taken by Odnoklassniki (21 and 28%, respectively). As for the rest of the social networks, the majority of respondents do not use them: these are Twitter (87%), Blog.ru (86%), Facebook, MySpace (85% each), Liveinternet (84%), Livejournal and Mamba (83% each) ), Ya.ru and My Circle (81% each), [email protected] (67%).
What is each social network? How do they differ from each other? Consider Russian social media first.
1.Vkontakte (Figure 1) is the largest social network in Runet. The service has gained wide popularity directly in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan. The number of registered users is over 90 million. Many experts call Vkontakte a clone of Facebook (USA), this applies to both the design, interface and functionality of the social network. Nevertheless, Vkontakte is equipped with a number of additional options, the idea of which is taken from such popular resources on the Internet as YouTube, Pandora, MySpace. Vkontakte has a younger audience, mostly schoolchildren and students.
2. Odnoklassniki (Figure 2) - Year of foundation - 2006. The largest social network in the past, has 40 million (Russian-speaking) users from different countries. Odnoklassniki.ru will help you find old friends and find out what and how they live now. There you can send messages to those people with whom you have lost contact, and, possibly, arrange a meeting with them.
- Picture 1.
- Figure 2.
4. RuSpace - Russian Social Network, it is an analogue of the world-wide American social network MySpace.
5. My [email protected] (Figure 4) - The social network at www.mail.ru provides all the features typical of powerful social networks.
Figure 6.
3. MySpace (Figure 7) - Number of members - about 90 million, year of foundation - 2003. Positions itself as - Online community for communication with friends of your friends.
- Figure 7.
Today, the whole world and Russia, including, is seized by the fever of social networks. Several hundred million users are registered on the Internet sites - Facebook, Twitter, as well as their Russian counterparts Vkontakte and Odnoklassniki. But few people know that sites that bring joy to communication can also cause significant harm to the psyche.
A number of British and Dutch psychologists believe that social networks negatively affect people's ability to communicate in real life, contribute to the development of a number of complexes and simply distract schoolchildren and students from their studies.
Schoolchildren, waking up in the morning, cannot have breakfast without checking their contact page, or, sitting in the lesson, they cannot help but go to ICQ to write to one of their friends, how tired he is of sitting in the lesson. Even the answers for the exam (USE) can now be found on social networks.
As a REGNUM correspondent reports, on June 15, the head of the State Duma Education Committee Grigory Balykhin (United Russia) said that a letter was sent from the Ministry of Education and Science to the Government of the Russian Federation, which indicated that about 120 cases of answers to questions were recorded directly during the exam in mathematics in 2011, and the options were posted on the network not in full, but in parts. According to the head of Rosobrnadzor Lyubov Glebova, on the day of the USE, the social network VKontakte was the most visited - there were 120 publications of responses and 165 thousand visits.
Until today, both domestic and foreign psychology did not know a phenomenon similar to social networks, which force people to devote more and more time to virtual communication and creating their own Internet image. The main problem is that the majority of users of social sites are schoolchildren and students, and it is difficult to predict how this phenomenon will affect their psyche in the future.
Psychologists argue that the emergence of the Internet and the incredible development of telecommunication networks led to the fact that modern man exists in a situation of constant scanning of his environment and constant tension of attention.
In social networks, active people inevitably have a certain image - the opinion of other users of a particular network about him. And this image can significantly affect different aspects of a person's life: increase his authority among certain classes of people.
The economic dictionary gives the following definition of the word image. Image (engl. Image) - the image of a person, the idea of him, formed by others, reputation.
The status positions that people acquire on the Internet can be divided into passive and active. The passive status captures the image of a person that is formed on the Internet and depends both on his actions in the real world and on his virtual activity. An active Internet status reflects the resources of a person's influence in the information space and depends, first of all, on his activity on the Internet. A high active status often increases a user's passive status.
Many modern scientists who study the influence of virtual interactions on the individual note that in the context of the global introduction of information and communication technologies, a new type of personality is being formed. Some authors consider it possible to talk about the formation of a virtual personality along with the physical and social development of a person. According to V. N. Shcherbina, the key feature of such a person is the universal communicative ability. DV Ivanov describes the virtual personality as "a person of the postmodern era, immersed in virtual reality, who enthusiastically" lives "in it, realizing its conventionality, controllability of its parameters and the possibility of getting out of it."
- The danger of social media
Of course, addiction, which can develop into a permanent illness, trauma to the psyche and the use of confidential information - this is not the whole list of the "dangers" of social networks. In any case, the decision to "participate" or "not to participate" in social networks such as Odnoklassniki and Vkontakte depends solely on you.
Thus, social networks are an area of the Internet, in which almost half of all computer users sit up today. It doesn't matter who it is - your boss, your neighbor, your boyfriend or girlfriend - they are all registered in at least one social network. But since these places of communication attract so many people, most of whom are happily ignorant of the need to protect their computer, cybercriminals are also hunting here, waiting for the unwary user and ready to immediately throw on their victims.
Threats can range from simple spam ads that we occasionally find in our inbox, to more sophisticated online scams designed specifically to steal social media user credentials or, for example, infect computers with a backdoor Trojan ...
Social networks attract cybercriminals with their global nature and the participation of millions of active users. Often, users of online communities publish on the Internet detailed information about their personal life and work, which can be successfully used by cybercriminals. By skillfully collecting, summarizing and analyzing this data, cybercriminals increase the effectiveness of their attacks. Hacking a user account allows hackers to send emails on their behalf, gain access to information that is closed to ordinary visitors, and extort money for account recovery.
You can be anyone on the Internet, you can create any image you want, you can find people from almost any company and get a lot of information, including non-public information. And all this is quite simple to do, only we need to decide what information we need, then we decide on the place where we will look for the right people (for example, professional social networks), find and get to know people, have a regular conversation, recognize the person and in the process we gradually learn the necessary information. Here you should be advised to be careful, and do not give information to strangers on the Internet, they may turn out to be competitors.
Another danger of social media is censorship. Scientists noted that social networks are the so-called “uncensored” sphere, which means that the content on different pages and mailings of social sites can negatively affect the psychological health of even an adult. So, on social networking sites, the user receives an unlimited amount of information, which is often not controlled by anyone. Among the most dangerous social "attacks" on the user are the advertising of pornography and the offer of sex services. Considering that the average age of users of social networks is 18-20 years old, and the youngest visitors have not yet reached even 10 years old, such “offers” can greatly affect the young psyche.
Recently, there has been talk of social media addiction. In our opinion, this is all the same Internet addiction that was officially recognized as a psychological disease, only in a more specific form.
These problems are caused by the desire to communicate with a large number of friends on social networks. At first, a person does not feel this addiction, at least until he receives what he depends on, but as soon as he loses access to the social network, symptoms of addiction immediately appear. Getting rid of this addiction is quite difficult. In this case, it will be effective to switch to real communication with friends, who, in turn, should help the person recover.
After analyzing the literature on this topic, studying the opinion of modern authors and observing others, we can say that the Internet has become a common phenomenon in our lives. Communication in social networks is becoming increasingly important, which allow people to unite according to a certain principle, providing them with convenient tools for communication and self-expression. All social networks can be categorized by type, geographic orientation, openness, and level of development. The most common are such social networks as Vkontakte, Odnoklassniki, Facebook, [email protected] and others, and each is individual, each has its own function - it is intended either to search for people, or to find a job, or just clubs of interest.
We also found out that both the Internet and social networks negatively affect the human psyche. People become addicted, they can “disappear” for hours on social networks. While creating their virtual image, some people forget about real life, about real communication.
In addition, no matter how attractive social networks are in terms of their functions, design and properties, they also have disadvantages. If you have forgotten the address of a friend, you can look at it on his page, but this is convenient not only for you, but thieves can also take advantage of this. Of course, it is easier to write a message, but getting used to communicating on social networks, people move away from reality, and in the future, with personal communication, they become shy, which is not always a positive quality. In social networks, the ability to view various videos and audio is implemented, the content of which is not very actively monitored by the administration. On the one hand, it is convenient when you can watch any video, listen to a song, but on the other hand, the social network turns into a huge "garbage dump" of pirated content, in which it can be difficult to find something you need, and you will find you not needed in it. Even on the Internet, they do not follow Caesura. The user receives a lot of information that is not controlled by anyone. Thus, social networks have not only positive aspects, but also negative ones, and the user demand for them does not decrease, but rather increases every year, while they are gaining great popularity among young people.
- Chapter 2. Features of senior school age
2.1 Patterns of development of adolescence
In adolescence, a teenager rapidly goes beyond the scope of school interests and, feels like an adult, in various ways tries to join the life of elders. But, having acquired greater independence, he remains a schoolboy, still dependent on his parents. He also remains at the level of his adolescent subculture. In fact, adolescence is a protracted childhood, from which a child “grows up” with great difficulties. The new age stage - early adolescence - is considered the third world that exists between childhood and adulthood. At this time, the child is on the verge of real adult life.
Youth is the period of completion of physical maturation; he has the task of numerous "finishing touches" and elimination of imbalances caused by the uneven maturation in the crisis of adolescence. By the end of this stage, the main processes of biological maturation are in most cases completed. Boys catch up and outstrip girls in their physical development.
Youth is the final stage of primary socialization, but the social status of youth is not uniform. The overwhelming majority of boys and girls are students of any general education school, or secondary vocational or special educational institutions.
2.3 The personality of the high school student.
According to one of the authors, an aspiration to the future is characteristic of early adolescence. If at the age of 15 life did not change dramatically and the older teenager remained at school, he thereby postponed his entrance into adulthood for two years and, as a rule, the very choice of the future path. In this relatively short period of time, it is necessary to create a life plan - to solve the questions of who to be (professional self-determination) and what to be (personal or moral self-determination). When life plans come down to the intention to study, do interesting work in the future, have loyal friends and travel a lot, this still cannot be called a life perspective. A high school student should not just imagine his future in general terms, but be aware of the ways to achieve his life goals.
In the final grade, children focus on professional self-determination. It involves the rejection of adolescent fantasies, in which the child could become a representative of any, the most attractive profession. A high school student has to navigate in various professions, which is not at all easy, since the attitude to professions is based not on his own, but on someone else's experience - information received from parents, friends, acquaintances, from television programs, etc. This experience is usually abstract, not experienced by the child. In addition, you need to correctly assess your objective capabilities - the level of educational training, health, material conditions of the family and, most importantly, your abilities and inclinations.
What are high school students guided by when choosing a profession? In the 1980s, three factors were the most significant for them; the prestige of the profession (its social value), the personality traits inherent in the representatives of this profession, and the principles and norms of relations characteristic of this professional circle. Now one of the most important factors is material - the ability to earn a lot in the future. How prestigious the chosen profession or university will be, in which the child is going to enroll, depends on his level of aspirations. There is a clear tendency that manifests itself throughout the senior classes: the closer the school graduation, the more often they revise their life plans, the lower the level of aspirations. This may be the result of a reasonable rejection of groundless hopes, but it may also be a manifestation of cowardice, fear of a decisive step.
Self-determination, both professional and personal, becomes the central neoplasm of early adolescence. This is a new internal position, including awareness of oneself as a member of society, acceptance of one's place in it. Self-determination is associated with a new perception of time - the correlation of the past and the future, the perception of the present from the point of view of the future. In childhood, time was not consciously perceived and experienced, now the time perspective is realized: "I" embraces the past belonging to him and rushes into the future. A high school student feels very young, even very young, or, conversely, very old and experienced everything. Only gradually is the connection established between “me as a child” and “the adult that I will become”, the continuity of the present and the future, which is important for personal development.
Striving for the future only then has a beneficial effect on the formation of the personality when there is satisfaction with the present. Under favorable conditions for development, a high school student strives for the future, not because he feels bad in the present, but because it will be even better ahead. Awareness of the time perspective and the construction of life plans require self-confidence, in their strengths and capabilities. Interesting dynamics of the development of self-esteem was revealed in Russian schools. Typically youthful features are characteristic of the self-esteem of tenth graders - it is relatively stable, high, relatively conflict-free, and adequate. Children at this particular time are distinguished by an optimistic outlook on themselves, their capabilities and are not too anxious. All this, of course, is associated with the formation of the "I-concept" and the need for self-determination.
In the 11th grade, the situation becomes more tense. Life choices, which were quite abstract last year, are becoming a reality. Some high school students maintain an “optimistic” self-esteem. It is not too high, desires, claims and ots are harmoniously correlated in it.
etc.................
Municipal educational institution of Ufa
secondary school number 40
with in-depth study of the French language
Section:Jurisprudence
Nomination:Social science
INTERNET IN THE LIFE OF HIGH SCHOOLS:
new types of communication and social connections
RESEARCH WORK
Gizzatullina Karina
student of grade 11 A, secondary school number 40
supervisor
teacher of history and social studies secondary school № 40
Sinenko Svetlana Nilovna
Ufa - 2010
Introduction
1. Information capabilities of the Internet
2. Internet in the modern Russian school
3. Internet addiction among high school students and its impact on behavior at home and at school
Conclusion
Bibliography
Application
Introduction
Of course, the Internet and the school are different in nature. The Internet is decentralized, dynamic, denationalized, at the same time individualistic and communicative. School education is centralized and hierarchical, conservative and static, it is basically state-controlled. That is, in terms of their qualitative characteristics, traditional school education and the Internet are, as it were, in different planes.
In theory, the school should be one of the centers of progress in society, and teachers should lead the children, setting an example for them. Unfortunately, this is not the case in reality. More than a hundred years ago, having studied the work of schools in Russia, Germany, Switzerland and France, Leo Tolstoy wrote: “The educational influence of the modern school is absolutely insignificant. Wherever people are smart and educated, they get it not from school, but from life, from the family way of life, in cafes and theaters, on marinas and in museums, in workshops and bookstores. "
The experience of other countries is very important for us. After all, throughout the developed world, connecting schools to the network is a national task. The use of computer technology, the latest means of information delivery, global networks is an absolutely objective tendency in education not only in our country, but also in the world. Apparently, this will become the main pivot of education in the 21st century. (4, 123) .
The Internet is not an end in itself; it can be made a powerful educational tool that can change the face of the school. Both a prestigious city gymnasium and a rural school should have equal access to information. In this regard, the topic “Internet in the life of high school students” seems to be urgent and rather acute. A huge number of issues have accumulated that require immediate solutions. The problem of using the network at school is very voluminous, this essay does not claim to be complete, our task is to outline the main issues and trends.
1. Information capabilities of the Internet
In the global network, of course, you can "get lost" and wander through its endless labyrinths. But, acting competently, you can get the richest "catch" of materials necessary in the work, up to electronic textbooks.
What attracts teachers, teachers, students and schoolchildren to the possibilities of the Internet? Here are the most common answers to this question:
On the servers of the Internet, you can find information and documents that are difficult to find elsewhere;
The network allows access to large libraries and their catalogs;
Using the Internet, you can rewrite the computer programs you need to work;
You can access a variety of video, audio, and more.
The chasm between school and the Internet is bridging. And its overcoming is incredibly fast. In 1984, that is, 26 years ago, there were about 1000 computers connected to the Internet in the world. There are millions of users these days (2, 78) .
After receiving information, the most important function of the Internet is electronic mail, or e-mail. The majority of teachers and schoolchildren also use e-mail services extensively. This type of communication allows users to send files and respond to emails. E-mail enables educators from remote regions of the country to be independent of distance and to receive the information they need relatively quickly.
By e-mail, you can subscribe and receive the latest news on any topic. Newsgroups are an open exchange of information, and each user can read or post their message on an electronic bulletin board. Among them, you can find rubrics that are interesting to educators - dedicated to teaching mathematics, natural sciences, etc., home teaching, various levels of education. (7, 129) ... The only drawback with the news is that it is always in English, and most of the teaching staff, sadly, do not speak it.
Another function of the Internet is the opportunity to take part in discussion groups (conferences), which are separate mailing lists dedicated to topics that interest in which unites users living in different countries of the world. To join a discussion group, a user must send a short email to a dedicated subscriber address. Discussion group materials can become for participants a source of up-to-date information about educational problems, the latest educational technologies, news from the world of education. With their help, you can conduct a dialogue with colleagues around the world. Non-conference users can simply follow the exchange of information on the discussion group pages.
2. Internet in the modern Russian school
Foreign data is interesting, but what is happening in our country, how and where are the possibilities of the Internet used now? Researchers of the issue say that there is a kind of "gentleman's set" of possible use of the Internet in school, it can be summarized in the following 10 points:
1. Use of email.
2. Search the web for the information you need.
3. Create your own school web pages.
5. Exchange of thematically organized experiences and ideas (for example, for teachers of physics, history or for school principals, etc.).
6. Search for answers to typical questions.
7. Mutual consulting on software, etc.
8. Organization of conferences over the network.
9. Receiving ("downloading") small training programs on various subjects.
10. Joint projects of schoolchildren (and teachers) from different schools, including different countries, on different topics (3, 36) .
Currently, most of the schoolchildren have already mastered the Internet. At the same time, most of the teaching staff in schools are older people who grew up and raised in a different culture, almost in a different country. Therefore, one cannot ignore the personality of the teacher in the process of "internetization". Lack of computer skills is also of great importance. Failure to take into account the teacher's personality in the process of translating everything new into real life leads to zero results. Some experts talk about the psychological barrier as one of the main problems for teachers: many, especially with age, are afraid of the computer and cannot cope with it for a long time (7, 160) .
Educational Internet resources created for students and teachers, or students and teachers, together constitute the educational information space of the new school, which is no longer controlled from above, but becomes a self-developing system in which each teacher pursues his own line of independent development, coordinating it with the activities of others colleagues. There are several examples of organizing such systems today. So, in the gymnasium № 1567 in Moscow, an educational Internet space of the school was created, the infrastructure of which includes the offices of the headmaster of the gymnasium, the teacher's room, a library, two computer science rooms, three physics rooms, chemistry, electronics, typing, geography, biology, mathematics, Russian and English.
From the 5th grade, students are involved in educational work on school subjects, actively using the information resources of this space, working as researchers, experimental scientists in biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, in the humanitarian fields. One of the results of this school-wide work is the creation of an electronic online encyclopedia, which is prepared by students and teachers. (4, 37) ... The school server of the gymnasium, which ensures the development of the school-wide information space, operates around the clock, which allows students and teachers to work in the school information space from any classroom or from home with a computer.
3. Internet addiction among high school students
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Since 2010, to the all-Russian children's helpline 8-800-2000-122
more than 8 million requests were received.
Currently, 222 services in 83 regions of our country are connected to a single number. Psychological help can be received by children, adolescents and their parents in difficult life situations. The call is free and anonymous.
In particular, the helpline website lists the main signs and 10 forms of cyberbullying.
Modern children and adolescents, who are called "digital citizens", easily master computers, mobile devices and skillfully use them. However, children's online safety skills lag behind their ability to master new applications and devices.
The main dangers on the Internet for children and adolescents are as follows:
1. Cyberbullying (cyberbullying).
2. Using the Internet to manipulate the minds of children and adolescents (propaganda of extremist, antisocial behavior, suicides, involvement in dangerous games).
4. Cyber fraud.
5. Security of access to the Network and theft of personal data by technical means.
6. Illegal collection of personal data of minors and (or) their dissemination in the public domain.
7. Viewing sites for adults.
Each generation is more or less different from the previous one. But it is precisely the children who were born at the beginning of the third millennium and whom we call Generation Z, in this sense, are absolutely unique, because such a powerful tool as digital reality influences their development from an early age.
The Internet is a new habitat and a source of child development. Of course, such a situation affects the formation of the personality of children, their relationship with the outside world, and their cultural practices.
President of the creative association "Yunpress", Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Sergei Tsymbalenko, in one of his interviews said: "Children on the Internet, this is a fact, you can't get away from it. Society has switched to constant dialogue, continuous communication. This is a decisive transition to a collective mind, or noosphere. Children were the first to step into such a new state of society. "
According to the Department of Personality Psychology at Moscow State University, the number of children using the Internet every day has grown to 95%. At the same time, 32% of children are online every day for 8 hours, although three years ago there were only 14%. Before our eyes, a new “digital” generation is being formed, which inevitably faces risks when using the World Wide Web.
One of the "Big Projects" in the domain zone. CHILDREN is the Sputnik. Children project, in which more than 5000 sites have been selected: with cartoons, games, books, songs and much more. Each resource is checked by the search engine assessors and the security system.
Google offers parents 10 rules for the safety of children on the Internet. The first rule is to talk to your child about online safety, but the most important is to convince the child that in any unclear or frightening situation, he should contact his parents to find a safe solution.
Internet use by teens
An interesting article was published on 03/09/2017 on The Village website, with the stories of five Russian teenagers 11-16 years old, about how they use the Internet and how important it is for them, what are their favorite sites and social networks, their opinion about online safety and about parental controls.
In many ways, these teenagers' attitudes towards the Internet reflect the results of the study below. Except for their general opinion: the Internet has “disadvantages” and dangers.
In 2013, the first (and so far the only) all-Russian scientific study of the digital competence of adolescents and parents of adolescent children was carried out. The study was carried out by the Internet Development Foundation and the Faculty of Psychology of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov with the support of Google.
In Russia, 89% of adolescents 12-17 years old use the Internet every day. On weekdays, 37% of them spend 3 to 8 hours on the Internet, 47% on weekends. Mobile Internet is twice as popular among children as among their parents.
Most teenagers use the Internet to find interesting information. In second place in popularity is the search for information for study.
As it turned out, almost a third of the children surveyed believe that the Internet is devoid of any shortcomings, and every tenth was confused by the very question of the “disadvantages” of the Internet.
The main conclusion of the study is that the level of digital competence of both parents and adolescents themselves is about a third of the maximum possible in Russia (31% for parents and 34% for adolescents).
In January 2019, VTsIOM conducted a survey of adults and adolescents (14-17 years old) on issues related to the influence of social networks on their behavior.
It is significant that respondents of all ages note that adolescents' interest in “bad” groups in social networks is formed not by the networks themselves, but by the real problems of schoolchildren: 49% of adolescents believe that such interest is caused by real psychological problems, 31% - by conflicts with peers and 29% - lack of parental control.
According to a poll conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation in December 2015, only 10% of children over 6 years old do not use social networks. The question was asked to respondents who have children over 6 years old living with them.
Impact of the Internet on adolescents
Psychologists at the Perekrestok Center for Social and Psychological Adaptation and Development of Adolescents believe that one of the main problems is the development of computer addiction.
British psychologists consider adolescent addiction to Facebook, Twitter and computer games to be a positive development. In their opinion, the decrease in the use of alcohol and drugs by adolescents in Europe and the United States is associated with an increase in the popularity of social networks, computer games and the spread of social media among young people.
Russian teenagers, like their Western peers, spend a significant part of their free time on the Internet. However, this does not affect the level of drug use.
Teenage Internet Addiction and Violence
Internet addiction is the plague of the 21st century. Unfortunately, children are not able to cope with this on their own. Parents need not to conflict with their children, not to abandon them, but to accept them as they are. Because the share of parents' participation in the fact that their child has become like this is definitely there. It is important to admit your mistakes here, but this is the most difficult thing - parents always consider themselves to be right.
On the Internet, teenagers have the opportunity to be a kind of asexual creature that kills everyone and everything, feeling strong and cool. If this is completely absorbed by the child, then a criminal will simply grow out of him. At some point, he will think that in real life everything is also allowed. One of these guys-gambling addicts to the question: "What were you thinking then?" - answered: "I had two desires - either to kill someone, or to be killed."
The paradox of children's technological literacy
Today's kids are probably great consumers of technology, but they're rarely tech-savvy, says BT Group (British Telecommunications plc) head Gavin Patterson.
They may look like experienced digital natives, but their knowledge is limited by the depth of the screen. They are passive users, not active creators. And most of them really have little interest in how the technology they depend on actually functions. I consider this a paradox of technological literacy.
Russian schoolchildren: privacy and security on the web
Such a report was made by Galina Vladimirovna Soldatova, Professor of the Department of Personality Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, at the 6th International Conference "Protection of Personal Data" held on November 10, 2015 in Moscow.
76% of Russian schoolchildren spend an average of 3 hours a day on the Internet. Every seventh teenager between the ages of 12 and 17 spends almost a third of their lives on the Internet (8 hours a day). Modern schoolchildren perceive the Internet not as a set of technologies, but as a habitat.
Almost every second teenager does not respect the principle of confidentiality with respect to their passwords on social networks. At the same time, there are still children who are ready to share their password with strangers.
More than a third of adolescents are still ready to share personal information with a stranger on the Internet: first and last name, exact age, as well as send a photo. One sixth of the children will share their mobile phone number, almost the same number will give the school number.
Impact of the computer and the Internet on school performance
The authors of a study conducted in schools in Northern Ireland did not find a direct relationship between the time children spend on social networks and their estimates. In contrast, video games can make your high school graduation scores worse.
According to a report by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), large investments in school information technologies "did not lead to noticeable improvements" in the test results of the International Program for the Assessment of Educational Achievement of Students in Reading, Maths and Science.
Andreas Schleicher, director of educational programs at the OECD, said on this occasion that computerization and the introduction of the Internet in schools "gave rise to too many unrealizable hopes."
The Google Effect or How the Internet is Changing Our Brains
Today, almost any information can be found using search engines. It is possible, according to Harvard University psychologists Daniel Wegner and Adrian Ward, that the Internet replaces not only other people who store information, but also our own cognitive processes. The Internet can not only save us from the need to exchange information "live", but also weaken our desire to remember important information. Psychologists call this the Google effect.
“Up to the age of 15, students tend to have a naive perception of information sources. They are often not motivated to check what they have learned and tend to take it as it is, focusing on what is being said, ”said Jean-François Rouet, a French scientist who evaluates the impact of the digital environment on reading and information retrieval.
The problem of children's safety on the Internet in other countries
Europeans are most worried about cyberbullying (bullying) on social networks and its consequences, when, due to peer bullying, a teenager may become depressed or think about suicide.
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