Test work ensuring safe working conditions in the workplace of the financier. What are the requirements for the organization of workplaces of employees IV. Sanitary and hygienic working conditions

In short, a workplace is an open or closed area of ​​a territory or space, equipped with the necessary production facilities, within which an employee is engaged in labor activities. It can also be assigned to a group of employees. Usually a certain part of the general production cycle is carried out at the workplace.

It is logical that in order to achieve high labor productivity for him it is necessary to provide such conditions under which his efficiency will be the highest.

Important! The employer should adapt the workplace, taking into account not only the specific type of activity, qualifications, but also the individual physical and psychological characteristics of each employee.

General requirements for the organization of the workplace

These requirements are regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Regulations (SanPiN) and other legal documents.

The main goal of organizing a workplace is to ensure high-quality and efficient performance of work in compliance with the established deadlines and with the full use of the equipment assigned to the employee.

To achieve this, the workplace is subject to organizational, technical, ergonomic, sanitary, hygienic and economic requirements.

What are the requirements for an employee's workplace?

Labor protection is a primary requirement!

The most important requirement in organizing a workplace is to ensure safe and comfortable working conditions, to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases and accidents. This whole complex of measures is called labor protection at work.

In other words, labor protection, in fact, is a system of legislative acts in conjunction with socio-economic, organizational, technical, hygienic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures and means that ensure safe working conditions and preserve the health of employees of the enterprise.

For this, it is necessary to create favorable working conditions in accordance with sanitary standards, safety technology, ergonomics, and aesthetics.

Indoor microclimate

The legislation of our country strictly regulates the temperature and humidity of the air in the room. In particular, when the average daily temperature outside is below 10 ° C, the amplitude of its fluctuations in the room should be 22-24 ° C. When the ambient temperature is higher than the specified value - 23-25 ​​° C. In case of temporary non-observance of these conditions in one direction or another, the duration of the working day is reduced (SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 of June 21, 2016 No. 81).

Protection from the harmful effects of computer technology

Since today it is impossible to imagine office work without a PC, there are standards for employees who use computer technology in their work. For example, when working with a computer with a flat-panel monitor, the workplace must have an area of ​​at least 4.5 square meters. m, when using a picture tube monitor - 6 sq. m. After each hour of operation, the room must be ventilated (SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 of May 30, 2003). The same normative act regulates the height, width and depth for the legs under the work table, stipulates the obligatory presence of a footrest with a corrugated surface.

The level of electrostatic and electromagnetic fields, radiation and ultraviolet radiation, radio frequency ranges and other factors harmful to the health of employees are also regulated by the norm.

Attention! In basements, the use of copiers, printers and other office equipment is prohibited, and appropriate standards for the distance between technical means have been established for ordinary offices (SanPin 2.2.2. 1332-03).

Lighting requirements

Also, the relevant articles of SanPin establish standards for lighting. For example, the illumination in a room should be between 300 and 500 lux. When using artificial lighting, the lighting parameters should ensure the possibility of good visibility of the information issued by the personal computer screen. For local lighting, luminaires installed on work tables or specially equipped panels for vertical installation are recommended (SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.).

Noise requirements

For the noise level, the maximum threshold is set at 80 decibels (SanPin 2.2.4. 3359-16).
Regulatory documents provide for the installation of special foundations or shock-absorbing gaskets under the main noise-generating equipment and other equipment, as well as the use of materials that absorb noise.

Providing conditions for eating

The procedure for eating at the workplace is regulated by article 108 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, SNiP 2.09.04-87:

• if the number of employees is less than 10 people, a place with an area of ​​at least 6 square meters is required. m, equipped with a dining table;
• with the number of employees up to 29 people, the required area is twice as much;
• if the company employs up to 200 employees, it is necessary to have a canteen;
• if the number of employees exceeds 200, the canteen must be provided with raw materials or semi-finished products.

Unregulated situations

If situations arise that are not regulated by sanitary and hygienic standards (roof leaks, toilet faulty, etc.), the employee has the right to refuse to work. At the same time, the employer is obliged to offer him other employment until the problem is completely eliminated. If such a decision is impossible, according to Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to declare a downtime with the payment of a penalty in the amount of at least 2/3 of the employee's average wage.

Of the ergonomic requirements for the workplace, the following should be additionally noted:

1. The choice of a rational location of the working surface and area, taking into account the anthropometric data of a particular employee.
2. Provision of measures to prevent or reduce the premature fatigue of an employee, the occurrence of a stressful situation in him, taking into account the physiological, psychophysiological characteristics of a person and his character. By the way, according to psychologists, workers who constantly use electronic computers in their work are much more stressed than their less "advanced" colleagues.
3. Ensuring speed, safety and ease of maintenance in both normal and emergency working conditions.

Technical parameters include equipment with innovative technology, fixtures, laboratory equipment, cargo handling mechanisms, etc.

Employer's responsibility

According to the requirement of Article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the relevant federal executive body establishes the procedure for certification of workplaces in order to determine the factors affecting the safety of working conditions in production. The employer is responsible for every violation of the established legislation.

At the first violation, officials and individual entrepreneurs are warned or fined from 2,000 to 5,000 rubles. The same for organizations - a warning or a fine in the amount of 50-80 thousand rubles (article 5.27.1. Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, part 1).

In case of repeated violation of part 5 of this article, more severe penalties are already provided:

• officials are subject to a fine of 30-40 thousand rubles or disqualification from one to three years;
• the amount of the fine for individual entrepreneurs is the same, or their activities may be administratively suspended for up to 90 days;
• organizations can be fined 100-200 thousand rubles or also be subject to an administrative suspension of their activities.

Instead of a conclusion

According to the state of workplaces in a particular enterprise or office, one can judge not only the level of work organization and production culture in them, but also about their solidity and the degree of trust of potential and current customers in them.

"Personnel officer. Personnel management", 2011, N 9

WORKPLACE REQUIREMENT LEVELS

The article discusses the classification of levels of regulation of requirements for the organization of the workplace. The content of the requirements of each level is revealed. Specific recommendations for the organization of workplaces are outlined.

The most important condition for ensuring effective work is the competent organization of the workplace.

A workplace is a system of interconnected elements located in a limited space and intended for an employee (group of employees) to perform their production tasks.

The workplace is the primary link of any enterprise (institution, organization). The main components of this system are:

1. The main and auxiliary production equipment (machines, mechanisms, units, means of ensuring labor safety, protective devices that ensure the standards of sanitary and hygienic working conditions, power plants, communications).

2. Technological and organizational equipment (installation and other devices, tools, instrumentation).

3. Means and methods of equipment placement (tables, work benches, tool tables, shelves, cabinets, chairs, armchairs).

Considering the workplace as a system aimed at performing production functions implies the inclusion of the employee himself and such components as job descriptions of employees and other labor regulators, his communication with other employees and contractors, and a number of others. An expanded interpretation of the very concept of "workplace" allows you to take into account the maximum number of factors affecting labor efficiency. Along the way, we note that a number of specialists in the organization of labor propose to use the largely synonymous concept of "labor post".

Considering the fact that the organization of the workplace, compliance with occupational safety and health requirements are subject to legal regulation, including, for example, within the framework of a collective agreement, it seems important to propose a classification of the levels of regulation of requirements for the organization of a workplace. Analysis of the literature and our own experience in research and practical activities allow us to talk about the possibility of identifying three such levels.

First level

The first level of regulation includes elements of the system (workplace), which are the subject of rather strict regulation. The regulation of this level is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population" (as amended on December 28, 2010) and the Regulations on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Regulation, approved. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2000 N 554 (revised on September 15, 2005).

In accordance with these legislative acts, Rospotrebnadzor develops sanitary rules and regulations for a wide range of products included in the structure of the workplace, such as computers, furniture, vehicle cabins, and auxiliary equipment. In addition, a number of requirements are imposed on the sanitary and hygienic conditions of the premises: illumination, humidity, temperature, etc.

At least two documents need to be known when organizing the workplace of a PC user, these are: Sanitary rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 and Methodological recommendations "MR 2.2.9.2311-07. The health status of workers in connection with the state of production environment. Prevention of the stressful state of workers in various types of professional activities ", approved. Head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation 12/18/2007. Below is an example of a set of characteristics that should be satisfied by a workplace equipped with a personal computer (PC), as the most common at the present time.

There is a section in the Methodological Recommendations. 10 "Preventive measures to prevent the development of stress in workers of visually strenuous work", which establish that the workplace of a PC user must meet the following requirements:

1. When placing workstations with a PC, the distance between desktops with video monitors (in the direction of the rear surface of one video monitor and the screen of another video monitor) must be at least 2.0 m, and the distance between the side surfaces of video monitors - at least 1.2 m.

2. Workstations with personal computers in rooms with sources of harmful production factors should be located in isolated cabins with organized air exchange.

3. The video monitor screen should be located from the user's eyes at an optimal distance of 600 - 700 mm (but not closer than 500 mm), taking into account the size of alphanumeric characters and symbols.

4. The design of the working table should ensure optimal placement on the working surface of the equipment used, taking into account its number and design features, the nature of the work performed. At the same time, it is allowed to use work tables of various designs that meet modern ergonomic requirements. The surface of the working table should have a reflection coefficient of 0.5 - 0.7.

5. The design of the working chair (chair) should allow changing the posture in order to reduce the static tension of the muscles of the neck-shoulder region and back to prevent the development of fatigue. The type of work chair (chair) should be selected depending on the nature and duration of work with a PC and taking into account the height of the user.

The working chair (armchair) should be lifting and swiveling and adjustable in height and angles of the seat and backrest, as well as the distance of the backrest from the front edge of the seat, while the adjustment of each parameter should be independent, easy to implement and have reliable fixation.

6. The surface of the seat, back and other parts of the chair (armchair) should be semi-soft, with a non-slip, weakly electrifying and breathable coating that provides easy cleaning from dirt.

7. When organizing and equipping workstations with a personal computer, provide for the height of the working surface of the table within 680 - 800 mm; in the absence of such a possibility, the height of the working surface of the table should be 725 mm.

8. The modular dimensions of the working surface of the PC table, on the basis of which the structural dimensions should be calculated, should be considered: width 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 mm, depth 800 and 1000 mm with its unregulated height equal to 725 mm.

9. The work table must have legroom at least 600 mm high, at least 500 mm wide, at least 450 mm deep at knee level and at least 650 mm at the level of outstretched legs.

10. The design of the working chair must ensure: width and depth of the seat surface not less than 400 mm; seat surface with rounded front edge; seat surface height adjustment within 400 - 550 mm and tilt angles forward up to 15 degrees and backward up to 5 degrees; the height of the backrest support surface is 300 +/- 20 mm, the width is not less than 380 mm and the radius of curvature of the horizontal plane is 400 mm; backrest angle in the vertical plane within 0 +/- 30 degrees; adjustment of the backrest distance from the front edge of the seat in the range of 260 - 400 mm; stationary or removable armrests with a length of at least 250 mm and a width of 50 - 70 mm; adjustable height of the armrests above the seat within 230 +/- 3 mm and the inner distance between the armrests within 350 - 500 mm.

11. The workstation of the PC user should be equipped with a footrest having a width of at least 300 mm, a depth of at least 400 mm, height adjustment up to 150 mm and an angle of inclination of the support surface of the stand up to 20 degrees. The surface of the stand should be grooved and have a 10 mm high rim along the front edge.

12. The keyboard should be placed on the table surface at a distance of 100 - 300 mm from the edge facing the user, or on a special, height-adjustable working surface, separated from the main tabletop.

It should be noted that non-observance of this requirement leads to the fact that the hand hangs during work without full support. This is the leading etiological factor in the development of the so-called "shoulder-scapular syndrome", which is expressed in the appearance of pain in the area of ​​the scapula, sometimes leading to the need for long-term treatment or to the complete impossibility of working with the keyboard.

Second level

The second level of requirements for the workplace includes a number of issues, the solution of which lends itself to formal regulation to a much lesser extent. Although in this case, the choice of an acceptable solution can be based on scientific advice. As an example, we can mention the selection of color for the walls of the room. More than a century ago, the outstanding Russian psychiatrist V.M.Bekhterev drew attention to the fact that the color of the walls in a hospital ward has a certain effect on the condition of patients. It is clear that healthy workers are not patients, but each of us has experienced the effect of the color of walls and furniture on our well-being and mood. The recommendations contained in modern SanPiN to paint the surface of the walls of office premises (cabins) in "warm, pastel" colors gives a wide scope for choosing a specific paint. Or another example. Traditionally, employees' desks are positioned so that the light falls from the left. Obviously, this is done to maximize the natural light on the work surface, although for left-handers, the opposite position is more acceptable. In addition, the second level is designed to take into account the anthropometric data of a particular employee, the conclusions of the scientific organization of labor, recommendations of physiology, psychology and hygiene, the requirements of ergonomics, engineering psychology and technical aesthetics, for which a very broad interpretation is allowed (as is the case with the color of the office space). Or those that were not included in the regulations at all.

Note. The color of the walls and furniture in the room affects the well-being and mood of employees.

The third level of requirements for the workplace

Regulation of the third level involves the solution of a number of issues that are due to the specifics of the operation of the enterprise (institution) and relate more to the organizational culture: restrictions on the number of employees accommodated in one room, the comparative arrangement of the chief's office and working rooms of ordinary employees, permission-ban on admission food (tea, coffee) at workplaces, permission-prohibition to decorate the walls of office premises (calendars, posters), the manager's attitude to the mess on the desktop, etc.

Example. In this regard, the historical information is interesting. At the workplace of the Ford automobile factories, it was forbidden to talk, smoke, sing songs, laugh, eat, go away "on business", etc. By the way, even the personal life that the employee led outside the factory was regulated. Thus, the report that an employee was listening to jazz music in his spare time served as the basis for putting him in the ranks of the unreliable, or even for dismissal from work. The phrase "who plays jazz will sell his homeland" is by no means of Soviet origin.

In resolving issues of this level, other managers and caretakers who directly implement the instructions, as well as the employees themselves, are sometimes very inventive.

As an example of the principles that are proposed to be guided, we give recommendations for organizing a workplace in feng shui:

1. A workplace under overhanging objects can lead to illness and failure. You also need to hide all visible wires and pipes, otherwise you will be provided with a constant outflow of finance.

2. Place a personal item on the table that will save you from the hustle and bustle and protect your personal space.

3. Arrange a workplace in the back of the room, because the attitude towards workers whose place is at the entrance is worse than towards those who work in the back of the room.

4. Cabinets with outdated and more unnecessary documentation contribute to the limitation of professional growth. Rake these bales and throw away all unnecessary.

5. Take care of your desk lighting, well-executed lighting will attract positive energy. Sunlight is always more positive than electric light, but you shouldn't neglect lighting fixtures either. If in the room in which you work there are no windows at all, then hang a picture of a landscape on the wall or bring another piece of nature into the interior (even a banal ficus on the edge of the table may well play this role).

6. Orient the desk behind the boss, no matter what room or floor it is in. Aiming your desk head-on with your boss’s desk will not last long at work. The front door is also an important priority - never put a table in front of the door, this will negatively affect your well-being.

7. If the table stands in such a way that the front door is behind, and you cannot rearrange the table, then hang the mirror so that you can see everyone entering.

Here are some simple tips to make your job enjoyable, a fast-paced career, and material wealth that meets the highest standards.

It should be noted that sometimes requirements of different levels may conflict with each other. The following example is taken by the author from his own practice.

Example. The workstation of the medical registrar is equipped with a computer and a telephone. The employee sits low (according to the requirements of SanPiN) - it turns out far from the visitors, so they have to crouch to an indecent position (it is necessary to take into account the general noise in the hall and the presence of a glass partition). The registrar's chair was raised - closer to the patients, but the worker's legs are hanging (the footrest did not help, by the end of the shift the legs looked like they were filled with lead). And compliance with the requirements of "maintaining" the distance from the employee's eyes to the computer screen led to the need to place it on the side (the screen interferes with communication with patients), which entailed the need for constant "twisting" of the head and, as a result, exacerbation of cervical osteochondrosis.

Thus, it is possible to distinguish three levels (groups) of requirements for the workplace of employees, which differ from each other in the features of the regulatory framework underlying the regulation. If the requirements of the first and second groups (sanitary and hygienic standards) are established by law in accordance with the above-mentioned Federal Law "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population" and the Regulations on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Standards, then the third is mainly the sphere of regulation of local regulations (in in particular, the Code of Conduct).

Bibliographic list

1. Denisenko TD Labor protection. M .: Higher school, 2001.

2. Klimov EA Psychology of a professional. M .: Modek, 2001.

3. Rybnikov ON Psychophysiology of professional activity: Textbook. for universities. M .: Academy, 2010, 320 p.

O. Rybnikov

Professor

State

university management

Signed to print

• Labor protection, prevention of accidents

Keywords:

1 -1

Announced the results of the Future Workforce Study, a joint study with Intel, devoted to the study of trends in the technological equipment of modern workplaces and their impact on employee performance. According to a published report, almost half of the employees surveyed are convinced that their employers are ineffectively taking advantage of modern technology.

The study, conducted by research firm PSB, surveyed about 4,000 full-time employees from small, medium and large organizations in 10 countries. The results of the study as a whole showed that until now the main asset of any organization, including financial institutions, remains personnel. However, the opportunities for unlocking the potential of employees are limited by the possibilities of employees' workplaces.

Technology has revolutionized the way we interact with each other in the workplace

Many of the respondents do not believe that the technological equipment of their workplace will change over the next five years, and believe that the personal devices they use at work do not meet modern requirements. Employees of companies have high hopes for their employer in terms of equipping their workplaces with technological innovations - after all, the company that can equip employees with modern technologies earlier than others, will increase staff productivity and loyalty, and also strengthen the position of its HR brand, which will allow hiring the best employees on the market.

Technology has fundamentally changed the way we interact with each other in the workplace. Many respondents believe that face-to-face meetings will soon become part of history. In some countries of the study, up to 67% of people born in the 2000s - the "millennial generation" agreed with this. Employees expect innovative technologies such as the Internet of Things and virtual reality to become an integral part of the workflow, increasing productivity and quality of interaction.

For companies, introducing modern technology and equipping the workforce with the latest technology is critical to success.

“Today's workforce is increasingly looking to employers to integrate the latest technology into their daily workflows,” said PJ Dwyer, vice president of customer solutions for Europe, the Middle East and Africa. new technologies can help them in their work, they strive to use the latest advances in order to increase their productivity. And while change may seem daunting to some employees, for companies, embedding modern technology and equipping the workforce with the latest technology is critical to their success. ”

Key findings of the study

• The workplace is dominated by desktop computers (74% versus 48% of laptop use) and landlines (71% versus 46% for smartphones). For private use, employees prefer laptops (72%) and tablets (53%) to desktop computers (50%), for communication they use a smartphone more often (83%) than a dedicated line (52%).

• Less than one in five employees are satisfied with the technical equipment of their workplace.

• Most of the working time is “eaten away” by problems with technologies in the workplace (such as slow, unreliable and often failing equipment) - up to 46% of respondents agree with this.

• Remote work is seen as an increase in the comfort of life and a way to increase productivity, in which case technological equipment plays an important role. The ability to work remotely has already had a significant impact on people's lifestyles: 95% of those surveyed in Germany who work remotely and 87% of those in the UK said that teleworking makes them happy. This opportunity allowed people to change their lifestyles, which in turn influenced workflow and preferences. For these reasons, employers should consider offering their employees more freedom in choosing where they can work. Employees are aware that the ability to work remotely requires the introduction of new technologies and information security tools. Respondents in Europe and South Africa cited advanced corporate data protection as the most important technology required for implementation in the workplace.
• Virtual reality and augmented reality can start to impact the workflow faster than we think. In Europe and South Africa, 61% of those surveyed expressed a desire to use these technologies in their work. The largest number of respondents believe that these technologies can be used to teach new skills in virtual environments as close to real ones as possible (25%), solve complex problems or generate new ideas through 3D visualization (18%) and product presentations to customers (15% ). In addition, more than half of those surveyed in Europe and South Africa (52%) believe that artificial intelligence can make work easier.
• The study also made it possible to understand that the technological equipment of the workplace affects the effectiveness of hiring and retention of employees. In Germany, 79% of millennial respondents who surveyed said that the availability of modern technology in the workplace makes it easier for them to fulfill their responsibilities. Therefore, it is not surprising that, in the absence of the necessary technologies, many employees are inclined to change jobs (in France, this was stated by half of the respondents in this age group). In Europe and South Africa, respondents also said that the technological equipment of their future workplace influences their decision to work for a particular company. In France, 86% of millennial respondents said this.

About the Future Workforce Study

The Future Workforce Study was commissioned by Dell and Intel by PSB. The study surveyed 3,801 full-time employees (working at least 35 hours a week) of small, medium and large organizations in 10 countries (USA, UK, France, Germany, Japan, Brazil, China, India, Canada and South Africa) working in seven industries (education, power structures, finance, healthcare, manufacturing, media and entertainment, retail). The survey was conducted from April 5 to May 3, 2016. For more information

Happiness is not in money, but in their quantity. This is exactly what those people say who worship the golden calf and consider money to be almost the only goal of their lives. But financiers, who daily operate with a huge amount of despicable metal, consider money to be just an effective tool for achieving other, more productive, and often noble goals.

Happiness is not in money, but in their quantity. This is exactly what those people say who worship the golden calf and consider money to be almost the only goal of their lives. And here financiers who operate with a huge amount of despicable metal on a daily basis, consider money to be just an effective tool for achieving other, more productive, and often noble goals.

We note right away that if some 20-30 years ago there were no financiers as such in Russia, today this profession is extremely popular among the younger generation. And not because young men and women dream of "raising" the domestic economy and increasing the well-being of fellow citizens. Most of all in this profession they are attracted by the great opportunities for improving their own financial situation. In any case, they think so. But many of the future specialists do not even suspect that the concepts of "financier" and "wealthy person" are not always synonymous. And after a detailed acquaintance with the features of this profession, you will understand why.

What is a financier?

A financier is a highly qualified specialist in the field of financial science and financial transactions, who deals with especially large monetary transactions, capital management, and financing projects on a legitimate basis. In this case, the financier can be both a small clerk in a bank branch and an employee of the Ministry of Finance (up to the minister himself)

The name of the profession comes from the Latin word financia, which literally translates as "end", "finish" - the completion of monetary payments between the population and the state. The concept of finance, familiar to us, as transactions with monetary assets, came from France, where the word finance means income, cash.

History finance profession goes back to the days of the emergence of the first states and, accordingly, the state treasury, which needed competent management. For example, the famous order of the Knights Templar, whose treasures have not been found and still excite desperate heads, are none other than the first bankers, and their treasures are nothing more than an ordinary investment. At the courts of European sovereigns in the Middle Ages there was a position of a court Jew (without any hints), who performed the functions of a financier, lending money to a squandered king or emperor with money "up to salary."

The sphere of interests of a modern financier includes all, without exception, the movement of money: investments, lending, transactions, debt collection, and so on. The specialization of a financier (and there are a lot of them, by the way, since it is customary to call a financier any specialist who is somehow related to monetary and financial operations: a banker, an accountant, CFO etc.) depends on the type of money turnover in which he is engaged. So, we can distinguish financiers who are engaged in:

• lending;
• taxes and budget;
• investments;
• insurance;
• foreign economic activity (financial international transactions).

Simply put, a lending financier issues loans at interest, while he determines to whom, how much and at what interest rate a loan can be issued and what are the risks of the institution he represents.

A tax and budget specialist works with the finances of an enterprise, industry, and state. The essence of his duties is simple: how much money we have, how much taxes we have to pay, how to distribute and spend the budget.

The investor is engaged in investing money and must determine the profitability and possible risks of the enterprise. This specialist usually works in tandem with an insurer, whose activities are aimed at eliminating losses.

The foreign economic activity of the financier is connected with the work of various international banks and funds, and in fact unites all the others, only at a higher level.

If we summarize all of the above, then we can determine the range of basic responsibilities of a financier, which will look something like this: analysis of financial documents, transactions with securities and real estate, preparation of financial statements and estimates, exchange transactions, taxation work.

What personal qualities should a financier have?

The task of the financier is to get the maximum profit from the invested funds. Everything else: methods, means, tools, the choice of the addressee of attachments - he determines himself. In other words, the economic development of both an individual enterprise and the entire state as a whole directly depends on the professionalism of the financier. Therefore, the requirements for such a worker are very high. First of all, a real professional must have such personal qualities as:

What should a financier know and be able to do? Perfectly macro- and microeconomic laws, the situation in the currency and financial market, to determine the ratio of supply and demand, to see and calculate crisis situations. Therefore, the financier must first of all study the economy. Also, this specialist needs to know the laws, especially in the field of finance, insurance and international law. And yet, the financier must have flair, talent and ingenuity.

Benefits of the profession of a financier

Hiring for financier job the owners of the companies actually entrust their own financial well-being to him. Therefore, they are vitally interested in the specialist having an incentive to do his job well. And what could be a better incentive than decent wages? True, this applies only to middle and top management specialists (chief accountants, managers, financial directors, etc.). Of course, the salary of financiers is not calculated in millions, but a salary of 60-70 thousand rubles allows specialists to feel materially expressed satisfaction from their work.

Another the advantage of being a financier is the versatility of the specialty. The place of work of the financier can be either a bank or an insurance company, a credit institution or an investment company. At the same time, the experience gained in the course of work can be useful to a specialist both in everyday life and when organizing his own business.

It should also be noted that the place of work of the financier is the silence and comfort of bank and office premises. As you know, big money does not like noise, and therefore it is always calm at the workplace of a specialist, no one interferes.

And finally, this profession belongs to the category of intellectual. Therefore, it requires constant development from the financier, movement forward. In other words, a representative of this profession will never stagnate or stop developing.

Disadvantages of the profession of a financier

Despite the obvious advantages of the profession, it has disadvantages, and quite significant. In particular, the popularity of this profession among the younger generation has led to an oversaturation of the labor market and high competition among specialists. As a result, young financiers, without work experience, mostly receive relatively small salaries (about 30-40 thousand rubles).

Besides, lack of a profession of financier we can consider the fact that a specialist has to work almost around the clock. What is meant? Money should always be in circulation. Well, since the financial situation changes every minute (the financial market never sleeps: some companies go bankrupt, others get rich), a specialist needs to constantly monitor relevant information. Otherwise, you can fall out of the clip forever. In turn, such a hectic pace of life can lead to chronic fatigue, which leads to depression.

And most importantly, the specifics of the work of a financier is inextricably linked with a huge financial responsibility. Even one wrong decision can lead to colossal losses, the consequences of which can be irreversible.

Where can you get the profession of a financier?

Based on all of the above, we can conclude that get the profession of a financier

Description

The purpose of this section is to provide a safe working environment in the workplace of the financier.

To do this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

Identify and analyze hazardous and harmful factors in the workplace of the financier.
Assess the actual state of working conditions at the workplace.
Design a ventilation system
Develop measures to improve working conditions and reduce the impact of harmful factors.

The work consists of 1 file

5. Ensuring safe working conditions at the workplace of the financier

The practice of the work of the state labor inspectorates of the Russian Federation testifies to the fact that in organizations of many sectors of the economy, for a long period of time, traditionally unsatisfactory working conditions persist. According to the official data of Rosstat, the largest part of the workers covered by statistical observation work in conditions that are uncomfortable for high-quality work with an increased level of noise, dusty air in the working area, lack of natural light and at a workplace that does not meet ergonomic requirements.

Hence the rapid fatigability of employees of enterprises, weakening of attention, loss of interest in work, disturbance of the emotional state, high morbidity, frequent ailments and a decrease in labor productivity. Therefore, the relevance of the section lies in the fact that at each enterprise it is important for each employee to ensure safe conditions and labor protection, to protect and preserve his health in the process of work and to create the prerequisites for maintaining a high level of working capacity.

The purpose of this section is to provide a safe working environment in the workplace of the financier.

To do this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

1. Identify and analyze hazardous and harmful factors in the workplace of the financier.
2. Assess the actual state of working conditions at the workplace.
3. Design a ventilation system
4. Develop measures to improve working conditions and reduce the impact of harmful factors.

5.1 Identification and analysis of hazardous and harmful factors in the workplace

The work place of the financier of LLC "Bersh" is located in a closed room without natural light with a total area of ​​120 m 2. 8 people work in the office together with the financier.

The financier of the Bersh company is equipped with a convenient workspace for placing a table equipped with a personal computer and an office chair with a rising seat for the most comfortable work. This placement makes it possible to capture with a glance all the elements of the workplace and the space outside it.

The nature of the financier's work is to develop and apply various accounting systems and costs for assessing costs and revenues, drawing up financial estimates, planning the finances and budget of the organization, developing and implementing financial and statistical reporting systems; conducting transactions with real estate and securities and analyzing financial documents.

In his work, the financier uses manual and electrified tools. Therefore, a monitor, an organizer with stationery, a calculator and free space on the table make it possible to keep records, place documents and materials necessary for work on the desktop of the necessary elements. A rack with the necessary documentation is located within the employee's working area in such a way that easy and quick access to all documents (folders, papers) is organized.

The financier's workplace is located in close proximity to 2 other employees. Its location can be seen on the detailed plan.

office space (Figure 5.1).

1 - the workplace of the financier

2 - wardrobe, shelving.

Figure 5.1 - Layout of the office of LLC "Bersh"

As can be seen from Figure 5.1, all employees are facing each other, which is not recommended from a psychological point of view, since the employee will not be able to feel confident and free.

In accordance with the nature of the financier's work, the location of the workplace and the layout of the premises in accordance with GOST 12.0.003-74, the identification of hazardous and harmful production factors (HHPF) was carried out from which the following physical HHPF were identified:

1. increased air temperature and reduced air mobility in the room;
2. lack of natural light;

1. insufficient illumination of the working area.

5.1.1 Increased air temperature and reduced air mobility in the room

Temperature is a physical quantity that characterizes the state of thermodynamic equilibrium of a system. The temperature of all parts of an isolated system in equilibrium is the same. If the system is not in equilibrium, then heat exchange occurs between its parts with different temperatures.

Air mobility is one of the parameters characterizing the microclimate at workplaces. A person begins to feel the movement of air at its speed of about 0.1 m / s. Light movement of air at normal temperatures contributes to good health, at the same time, a high speed of air movement, especially at low temperatures, causes an increase in heat loss by convection and evaporation and leads to a strong cooling of the body. Strong air movement is especially harmful when working outdoors in winter conditions.

The source of the factor is:

1. heat generation from people
2. heat dissipation from lighting
3. heat dissipation from solar insolation

This factor is assessed by the following indicators:

Indoor air temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (° C);

Heat release - kJ / hour;

Air speed - m / s.

In accordance with the Sanitary Rules and Norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises", the optimal microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria of the optimal thermal and functional state of a person. They provide a general and local sensation of thermal comfort during an 8-hour work shift with minimal stress on thermoregulation mechanisms, do not cause deviations in health, create the prerequisites for a high level of performance and are preferred at workplaces.

Table 5.1 - Optimal values ​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces of industrial premises

Period of the year	Category of work by levels of energy consumption, W	Air temperature, ° C	Air surface temperature, ° C	Relative humidity, %	Air speed, m / s
Cold	Iа (up to 139) Ib (140 - 174) IIa (175 - 232) IIb (233 - 290) III (more than 290)	22-24 21-23 19-21 17-19 16-18	21-25 20-24 18-22 16-20 15-19	60-40 60-40 60-40 60-40 60-40	0,1
Warm	Iа (up to 139) Ib (140 - 174) IIa (175 - 232) IIb (233 - 290) III (more than 290)	23-25 22-24 20-22 19-21 18-20	22-26 21-25 19-23 18-22 17-21	60-40 60-40 60-40 60-40 60-40	0,1

Thus, for workers in the control sector who work in a sitting position with low physical stress, the air temperature in the room during the cold period should be 22-24 ° C, and in the warm period - 23-25 ​​° C.

The expected level of heat generation at the workplace is 7560.96 kJ / h.

As a result of non-observance of thermal comfortable conditions, discomfort, deterioration of well-being and labor productivity occur. The increased air temperature can lead to overheating of the body of an employee of the organization. Therefore, when the air temperature in the workplace is above or below the permissible values, the time spent by employees (continuously or in total per work shift) should be limited in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96.

5.1.2 Lack of natural light

Light is electromagnetic radiation that causes a visual sensation and occupies a narrow part of the spectrum from 750 micrometers (red light) to 400 micrometers (violet light). In addition to visible light, infrared rays and ultraviolet rays are also collectively referred to as light.

Natural light comes from windows. They are absent at the Bersh enterprise. The financier's workplace is located in a separate room without windows.

According to the hygienic requirements for natural lighting in public buildings in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03 "Hygienic requirements for natural, artificial and combined lighting of residential and public buildings", premises with constant presence of people must have natural lighting, therefore the office does not meet these requirements ...

The index of natural light is the coefficient of natural light (KEO) e H, measured in%.

In accordance with SNiP 23-05-95 “Design standards. Natural and artificial lighting ”, the characteristic of the visual work of the financier belongs to the III category of works of high accuracy with the smallest size of the object of discrimination with letters 0.30 to 0.50 mm, subdivision G, the contrast of the object with the background is medium, the background is light.

Table 5.2 - Normalized indicators of natural lighting in public buildings

According to SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03, without natural lighting, it is allowed to design the rooms shown in the table, the requirements for which are not imposed on natural lighting. Since the norms for natural light for offices are established, being in the workplace of a financier in such conditions negatively affects his well-being.

Natural light affects the human nervous system, regulates the biological clock, which, in turn, regulates the rhythms of sleep / lifting, insomnia and sleepiness, joy and performance. Serotonin, cortisol and melatonin are the main human hormones that control wakefulness and sleep. Cortisol levels rise in the morning and thus prepare the body and brain for daytime activities. In parallel with the increase in cortisol levels, the level of melatonin decreases, while drowsiness disappears. The stress and ailment of a financier working in a room with no natural light is significantly higher than that of people working in combination or natural light. A high level of natural light eliminates many of the causes of stress.

To eliminate such consequences and compensate for the deficit of natural lighting, it is proposed to use artificial lighting with greatly increased illumination levels.

5.1.3 Insufficient illumination of the working area

Illumination is a physical quantity that is numerically equal to the luminous flux falling on a unit surface. Illumination is directly proportional to the light intensity of the light source.