Gas station business plan - how to open a gas station from scratch and own a network of gas stations within a year? Business plan for gas filling of gas filling stations The importance of industry-wide research in the formation of a business plan for gas filling

Vladimir Khomutko

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What are the stages to start a business selling petroleum products?

It seems to many of us that any business based on oil and oil products is the lot of oligarchs and multimillionaires. However, this is not entirely true. Extraction of both oil products is indeed associated with large investments, but the trade in final oil products is quite accessible even to “mere mortals”. Next, we will try to figure out how you can organize your business for the sale of petroleum products.

To organize your business in this area, you do not need to have a lot of money or connections in the management of large oil companies. A correct preliminary calculation and knowledge of the realities of the local oil products market can make you a very successful small, and then, possibly, a large trader.

Let's make a reservation right away that the initial capital is still required, but its volume will not be outrageous at all.

As a rule, most entrepreneurs start with wholesale. The initial goal of such a business is local consumers, and then, as the regional market develops, it is possible to enter the all-Russian and even international (at least within the CIS countries).

The essence of the wholesale trade in petroleum products is the purchase of large consignments of goods with their subsequent sale in small wholesale with a corresponding margin. Many novice entrepreneurs are frightened by the issues of creating the appropriate infrastructure: where to store the purchased goods, how to transport it, and so on. So, at the first stage, these issues are quite simply resolved without significant capital investments. It is not at all necessary to have your own oil storage. Services for the temporary storage of petroleum products are provided by almost all oil refineries and large oil depots, which sell them.

True, there are limitations in terms of storage time, since oil products are constantly produced, and storage facilities are required for new batches of products. Therefore, the trader must plan sales ahead of time in order to meet the storage deadlines.

Delivery to the end consumer at the first stage of business development is carried out using fuel trucks. Buying them right away is impractical, since there is always an opportunity to rent them.

Of course, these costs are borne by the cost of the products sold, but it makes it possible to minimize the initial investment.

The most important thing in this type of business is to find buyers first. Purchasing oil products in bulk without having a specific sales outlet is an extremely risky undertaking. Only by taking care of sales in advance can you expect a good profitability.

Any new business starts with drawing up a business plan. Moreover, the more time you spend working on it, the more chances for the success of your future enterprise. The business plan should take into account such expenditure items as the cost of buying a wholesale consignment of goods, the cost of renting fuel trucks, the initial expenses for the official registration of the business with the tax and other authorities, staff salaries, and so on. The income part consists of the estimated volume of funds received from the sale of petroleum products. The second section of the business plan is extremely important and should be based on data from real, not potential buyers.

If you do not have sufficient initial capital, or, according to your business plan, there is not enough of them, you can always contact the bank. A well-designed business plan plays almost the most important role in obtaining a loan. However, remember - credit organizations are very strict in monitoring the fulfillment of your debt obligations, and they are not interested in the problems of your business. Get ready for this.

Many will say: "In this market, everything has long been divided between the major players!" This is partly true, but your trump card is mobility. Large trading organizations tend to be slower to respond to changes in the market than smaller ones. This allows the latter to maneuver with prices and win their customers by reducing the percentage of profitability. In addition, the larger the trader, the less interested in the small buyer. And for your company, this is exactly what you need.

Another way to reduce costs with an eye to the future development of the business is to purchase equipment on lease.

Leasing differs from lease in that over time the equipment becomes your property, which is very important for a growing company. Having gained a permanent base of reliable clients in your region, you can proceed to the next stage of the enterprise development.

If your company selling petroleum products has become successful, and it is cramped within the region, it is time to enter other markets.

The main problems that can prevent this are as follows:

the share of transportation costs increases due to the increase in transportation distance;
for the same reason, delivery times to the final consumer increase;
in each region there is an established supplier-consumer system, which implies tough competition for its market share.

The same applies to the markets of the CIS countries. However, when entering them, there is also a specific risk. Often, such contracts imply settlement upon receipt of oil products at the buyer's warehouse. Since the distance is quite significant, and the delivery time is too, the trader runs the risk of a price change during the delivery time. It should be said here that such fluctuations are both lower and higher, therefore, in one case, the supplier loses, in the other, wins, and with constant supplies, profitability, as a rule, remains at the planned average level.
As mentioned above, transportation costs increase significantly, which leads to a decrease in profits, since it is far from always possible to increase the final price of products and compensate for unnecessary costs. However, the expansion of the customer base leads to an increase in the volume of sold petroleum products, which more than compensates for the losses incurred and, more importantly, makes the business more sustainable by reducing dependence on each specific consumer.
Well, the pinnacle of growth as a trader of petroleum products is the construction of his own refinery.

Of course, this is already a huge investment that only very successful entrepreneurs can afford. The construction of the refinery is planned in advance. It is desirable that its location be in close proximity to the largest end consumers. Thus, the share of the transport component in costs is significantly reduced.

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Where to start opening a gas station?

Before opening a gas station, it is necessary to carefully study the supply and demand market in this area of activity. In many regions of Russia, this market is occupied by the largest companies: Bekar and Rosneft. To open such a business, it is worth drawing up a map of the region's gas stations, where you can clearly see promising places for placing your own gas station.

For businessmen who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity for the first time, it is useful to study a ready-made analysis of the market and the problems existing in it. This includes the understated fuel quality, which does not correspond to the declared one, underfilling the gasoline in the tanks, and more. There are three common formats for a gas station opening business:

Acquisition of an existing enterprise in which the level of expenses for the organization remains unknown or leasing. About what it is.
purchase a franchise;
open a gas station from scratch.

In order to be engaged in the sale of fuels and lubricants, it is necessary to issue a special license. Otherwise, without the presence of such a document, the storage of such materials will be considered illegal activity.

What documents are needed in order to open a gas station

Those entrepreneurs who decide to start opening a gas station on their own need to prepare a package of the following documents:

application for registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC;
a receipt for payment of the state duty;
copies of the passport and TIN of the entrepreneur (for individual entrepreneurs);
copies of constituent documents (for LLC);
for the selected territory, the conclusion of a cadastral engineer and an agreement with the current owner;
ready-made project for the construction of the premises;
permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station;
an agreement with specialized organizations that are engaged in the disposal of waste from production and the removal of non-hazardous waste (4-5 categories);
permission to sell petroleum products;
concluded contracts with suppliers of fuels and lubricants;
fuel quality certificates.

How to choose a place to open a gas station?

When choosing a location to open a gas station, after drawing up a map of the gas stations in the region, it is necessary to carefully examine the potential locations for the presence of a flow of cars nearby.

It is best to locate the gas station near road junctions and motorways. It is imperative to provide for a convenient entrance to the station. In order to determine the size of the future gas station, it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:

range of fuels to be promoted;
the presence of a cafe or shop;
number of fuel dispensers.

The average size of a petrol station is about 100 square meters.

What equipment needs to be purchased for a gas station?

To open a gas station on the purchase of equipment is not worth saving. Since its quality determines the period that it will last. Also, working with fuels and lubricants is classified as unsafe, so any defects with equipment can lead to undesirable consequences.

For a small petrol station, you need to purchase:

container for the stormwater system (1 pc.);
fuel storage tank (4 pcs.);
container for the stormwater system (1 pc.);
filling station (2 pcs.);
cables, remote controls.

It is best to connect the stormwater system to city utilities.

At the gas station, it is worthwhile to lay good asphalt and install reliable shelters from precipitation. You also need to adjust the software that will help optimize all trading and accounting operations at the gas station.

If you plan to open a gas station where gaseous fuel will be sold, it is worth purchasing special equipment for it.

What kind of staff should be hired at the gas station?

The opening of a petrol station implies a round-the-clock operation. Therefore, it is necessary to hire workers on the basis of a two-shift schedule. Permanent staff must be hired:

one cashier;
two operators of filling stations;
one guard.

For the procurement department, the following employees must be hired:

electrician;
locksmith-repairman.

For financial reporting, you can use the services of third-party specialized organizations or hire a specialist on an ongoing basis.

Hiring neat and polite employees is essential to earning customer loyalty. To understand how to organize the workforce, you need to study the customer service system from Gazprom. They are considered a benchmark company. To create a good image of the gas station, it is worth providing all staff with uniforms.

Profits and expenses from opening a gas station

The business of opening a gas station is very costly. The initial investment will be as follows:

official registration of entrepreneurial activity and purchase of a cash register - about 25 thousand rubles;
lease of the territory for the gas station - about 30 thousand rubles / month;
purchase of equipment and special software - about 400 thousand rubles.
installation and purchase of specialized equipment - about 2.5 million rubles.

If an entrepreneur decides to open a gas station on his own, at the first stages he will have to invest about 4 million rubles. The construction of the station itself takes about 6 months on average.

You also need to provide for monthly expenses:

additional costs for the delivery of fuel raw materials - about 140 thousand rubles;
purchase of goods - about 300 thousand rubles;
payment of utility bills - about 5 thousand rubles;
advertising expenses - from 30 thousand rubles;
payroll payment - from 150 to 200 thousand rubles. average.

In a small town, with the correct placement of the station, it can bring more than 1 million rubles per month. income. The payback period for such a business is about 1 year. If the business plan for opening a gas station was drawn up correctly, taking into account all the nuances, the refueling will quickly pay off. In a year, it will be possible to think about opening a whole network of such gas stations. You can also dilute the range of services, and put a car service next to the gas station. This will help increase the flow of customers.

Gas station marketing and advertising

In order to ensure the flow of customers to the gas station, it is necessary to organize an effective advertising campaign. Here, both traditional advertising methods and Internet marketing are suitable.

Bright banners and city lights will attract the attention of motorists passing by. But holding various promotions and sweepstakes on pages in social networks will help keep old customers. You can also enter into partnerships with stores that sell auto products. They can place flyers at their point of sale and receive a certain percentage for this.

Opening your own gas station is an economically correct solution for those who want to organize a profitable business. Indeed, today this market is still being actively rebuilt and there is an opportunity to occupy its own niche by creating a reliable company. In addition, the number of cars is increasing every day, and vehicles need fuel. This means that your business has every chance of becoming profitable. So how do you open a gas station? And how much money will you have to invest in your future business?

A little about business

To begin with, a gas station is a source of increased danger and a lot of permits are required to open such a business. In terms of finance, this is most likely the most costly business, since at the initial stage it will be necessary not only to rent (or buy) a suitable plot of land, but also to build a gas station that will meet the requirements of the current legislation (there are certain requirements for the location of gas stations, the design of such facilities , as well as sanitary and hygienic and environmental requirements that must be observed). And these are quite serious expenses. In addition, after the completion of construction, it will be necessary to obtain permits from the authorized bodies for the operation of the gas station and organize high-quality security and safety of the station.

How much does it cost to open a gas station for cars? And how long will the paperwork take? The questions are very timely and very important. The paperwork that is needed to open a gas station takes about 3-6 months, the construction site itself is the same, and about 12 million rubles will have to be invested.The exact amount depends on many factors).

But how quickly the initial investment will pay off is a question. On average, this takes about five years. So, when investing in gas stations, one must prepare for the fact that this is a long-term project. True, with proper business conduct, investments can return in three years.

Your own small gas station or franchise?

Today you can open your own small gas station (it will be an autonomous business, only yours), or open a company under the auspices of some well-known brand by buying a franchise. At the same time, most experts agree that it is easier to organize a fuel business under the guidance of a reliable and experienced partner, so franchising is a very common phenomenon in the fuel business today. In addition, deciding to buy a franchise, you will immediately receive all the necessary documentation, and the development business, and the brand, and a ready-made refueling style (which, by the way, you will have to strictly observe under the terms of the contract). Representatives of the parent company will help in resolving organizational issues, and there will be no need to worry about the quality of the fuel. This is understandable, because the owners of the brand cherish their good name and will not risk it by supplying low-quality fuel to one of their filling stations.

But if you decide to go on an "autonomous voyage" (open an independent business), then you will have to worry about the quality of your product yourself and develop the style of your refueling. This means that you will have to choose suppliers and take full responsibility for the quality of the fuel sold, which can be either good or very low quality.

Do not forget that the majority of motorists prefer to refuel at gas stations of large oil companies, the so-called "branded" gas stations, in order to fill the tank with guaranteed good gasoline. This means that the presence of a well-known brand on the sign can be a guarantee of business profitability.

Business registration and organization

So, you've decided to open a gas station. So, you need to start acting:

First, you need to draw up a business plan for the gas station, find a suitable site for the station and conclude a lease with the owners.

Then you need to go through state registration (you can, but it is still better to register a legal entity, for example, which will make it possible to choose a taxation system with VAT - most suppliers prefer to work with those gas stations where).

Get OKVED codes.
Prepare a project for the future filling complex and agree on it with Rospotrebnadzor, and then organize the construction.
Develop and agree on the PPK.
To conclude an agreement for deratization with a relevant company, as well as an agreement for the export of solid waste.
Obtain permission from the environmental service and SES.
Obtain a license for storage and sale of fuel from the Ministry of Energy.
Conduct certification of workplaces.
Conclude a contract for the supply of fuel.

Site for a gas station and construction of a station

As for a suitable site for a gas station, it should be located on a road with high traffic or where there is active traffic. At the same time, it is important that there is a convenient access for cars.

After the site is selected, and the lease and construction documents are drawn up, you can proceed directly to the construction itself. If you have chosen franchising, then partners will help you, and if you open an autonomous business, it is better to use the services of specialized companies that are engaged in the construction and commissioning of gas stations. There are specialists who know all the requirements of the current legislation. They will carry out the entire range of construction work, commission the facility and receive all the necessary documents.

All this in time can take from six months to twelve months, but you will be sure that everything has been done correctly.

Necessary equipment

There are many different opinions about the equipment needed at a gas station and its quantity. But the minimum set should include:

In addition, it is worth taking care of special software (and, accordingly, a computer) that can help automate the process of fuel dispensing. Using such software, you will automatically not only refuel the vehicle, but also receive fuel from the tanker truck and generate daily reports. This is important because it will help to almost completely eliminate the notorious "human factor" from the chain.

Well, and, of course, you need to build and equip a room for a gas station operator, as well as additional buildings where a tire service, a workshop, a car wash, a shop, etc. will be located (this means that you need to equip all objects with the necessary furniture, equipment, tools).

Fuel supply

Have you bought a franchise? Then you don't have to worry about fuel supply and quality. Your partners will take care of this. But if you run an independent business, then you will have to look for reliable suppliers and organize the supply of fuel yourself. The best option is an agreement with a tank farm or a processing company. There you can get fuel at a lower price or negotiate discounts on bulk orders. You can find out the price level on the Internet, and it is better to choose a larger one with a good reputation from oil refineries. So you can count on more or less good fuel quality.

Accompanying services

How to open a gas station? And how to make your business profitable? Those who have already opened a gas station can answer these questions. The main advice for beginners: do not stop only selling gasoline, but also offer additional services that will help increase profits and attract customers. What is it about? For example, that at a gas station you can open a tire service or a repair shop (especially if the station is located on the highway, away from regular workshops), a store where goods on the road will be sold, auto oils and auto chemicals, a small cafe. Sometimes it makes sense even to open a small hotel, which will be in demand on federal highways, where there is a lot of transit transport, or a car wash.

Of course, you should think about additional services even at the stage of planning your future business. Then it will be much easier to realize all the ideas. And now, what is interesting, in the course of work it often turns out that the gas station itself serves to attract customers (people still call in to refuel), and the main income is provided by additional services. So you shouldn't neglect such important business components.

Security

Safety at a fire hazardous facility is a very important issue. To begin with, you need to develop all the fire-fighting documentation, equip the premises with a fire alarm and an alarm button, and the gas station with primary fire extinguishing means.

On the territory of the gas station there should be a fire reservoir or hydrant, boxes of sand and, of course, fire extinguishers.

You also need to take care of the safety of personnel (especially for gas stations that are located far from settlements): provide the operator with high-quality communication means, install an alarm button and conclude a service contract with a security company, whose employees will go to the facility in the event of an alarm button ... It is also a good idea to install armored glass and reinforced doors at the facility. These measures will help to avoid trouble in the event of an attack on the gas station by criminal elements.

Staff

For the normal operation of the gas station you will need:

technical specialists who will provide fuel for vehicles, pump up wheels, and provide other repair services;
manager-cashier (operator of a gas station, there should be several of them), who will accept money, release fuel and lubricants and control the order at the station;
seller (if there is a shop at the station)
manager

Of course, depending on what other services you plan to provide at your station, the appropriate staff will also be required. For example, repairmen or electricians, shop assistant, barmaid, car wash operator.

How to open a gas station

The process of opening a gas station is no different from opening a regular gas station. But special attention should be paid to the equipment for the station, which should be not only modern and certified, but also verified by the Ministry of Emergencies, which will confirm its safety. In addition, even before the start of construction, it is necessary to negotiate with the fire inspectorate all issues related to the layout of the station, and coordinate the choice of a land plot with the local administration.

Important points

Having built a modern gas station and becoming its owner, it is important not to forget that it is an object of increased danger, which will be regularly checked by authorized bodies for compliance with the requirements of existing legislation and regulations. And these bodies will regularly monitor your activities, and if violations are detected, they can not only issue a fine, but also suspend the license. And you will not be able to work until you eliminate the deficiencies found. So the compliance with the requirements of the equipment and the operation of fire and explosive objects should be treated very carefully.

Initial investment

How much does it cost to open a gas station? This question is asked by almost everyone who wants to open their own station. So, as for the initial investment, their size depends on many factors: the region, the level of filling, the need for additional buildings, technical equipment of the business, additional services provided by the filling station. But on average, the costs at the initial stage will be:

It can be seen from the calculations that considerable investments will be required to open a gas station. But if a gas station monthly brings in at least 1,000,000 rubles of income, the business can be considered profitable.

Gas station business plan - is it profitable? Fuel business market analytics for 2019. Organizational, production and marketing plan + calculation part + Review of the features of mini gas stations.

As long as vehicles run on liquid fuel in our country, there will always be a demand for gas stations. Although the niche is not in excess of demand in 2019, it still makes sense to develop a business plan for a gas station and put it into practice. Today we will talk about exactly how to open a gas station in Russia + we will discuss what features of doing business in the fuel trade exist in the order for 2019-2020.

Is it profitable to open a gas station?

Niche business studies show that the gas station market is gradually reaching its peak of saturation. Large petrol stations are now available even in small settlements, and if we take into account the cities with millionaires, then the competition here is simply enormous. Clients want to receive a quality product from fuel suppliers, and if they cannot provide the latter with such, they can not hope for the success of the business plan as such.

Advantages of a gas station as a business:

stable demand for fuel at filling stations in all regions of the country;
many channels for the supply and sale of products;
a high level of adaptation of filling stations to the constantly changing market;
the business can flexibly adapt to the client's needs in terms of supply volumes and fuel discounts.

Many experts believe that the new model of the petrol station business plan should provide for a vertically integrated structure, namely, the refinery-gas station. Large spending on fuel transportation forces entrepreneurs to increase the cost of products sold, as a result, low competitiveness and a high risk of losing the business.

Negative side of business:

a high level of competition from other gas stations that have more favorable terms of fuel supply, or operate under a franchise;
low-quality work of the filling station employees;
the likelihood of damage or complete breakdown of business equipment.

In addition, there are other threats to the business plan of a gas station - an increase in fuel prices with a decrease in the level of demand, leaps in rent or a complete cancellation of the lease agreement for space for a gas station, a decrease in the purchasing power of the population, and so on.

The business owner can mitigate some of the risks by expanding the capabilities of the project plan. This includes an increase in the range of services, cooperation with customers of corporate fuel, the opening of related areas in business - cafes, mini restaurants, and so on.

The latest market trends indicate a gradual modernization of oil refineries, which will eventually lead to the full saturation of the filling station niche with high-octane fuel. In this regard, the profitability of the business will increase by 30% -40%, at least, which means that the development of a business plan for a gas station will be a completely acceptable solution for both individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

How to make a business plan for a gas station from scratch - step by step instructions

Specialized offices or private traders can simplify the process of planning a gas station business, however, why lay out the extra 30,000-50,000 rubles if most of the information on organizing this business can be found on the Internet, in particular, in the content of this article.

1) The state of the sales market today

You cannot rush into any business with your head, at the same time, without making a complete analysis of the state of the market in the region / country. When working with gas stations, for local research, you can use regional or national dynamics, since the oil refining industry, in this aspect, works everywhere at almost the same level.

For clearer results, a business plan for a gas station should take into account 3 research parameters. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Parameter No. 1. Market environment and equity allocation

For Russia, filling stations are a monopoly market. More than 80% of filling stations of various formats are concentrated in the hands of large holding companies such as Lukoil, Rosneft, TNK and others. In the retail part of the business by constituent entities of the Russian Federation, holdings account for about 32% of the total volume.

Gas station market coverage by region:

Rosneft - business has taken the lead in 17 regions of our state in terms of the number of filling stations and the volume of fuel sold;
LUKOIL - business occupies leading positions in 14 regions of the Russian Federation;
Surgutneftegaz - coverage of 4 regions of the Russian Federation;
TNK-BP and Gazprom Neft - 3 regions each.

If we take only gasoline into account, then almost 80% of the market is captured by the holding business. The total number of filling stations across the territory of our state is now more than 30,000 points. The number of gas stations that are included in the group of leading companies is no more than 9,000, however, the share of sales at these gas stations exceeds 50% of the total volume, which indicates the complete helplessness of small businesses trying to knock out a place in the sun in this niche.

It follows from this that the volume of sales from business from ordinary gas stations is 2-3 times lower than from more promoted networks. When entering this direction from scratch, an entrepreneur can hope to cover only 25% -35% of the market, and then he will have to compete with other private traders working in the same way.

Parameter No. 2. Capacity

The data of Avtostat in 2019 indicate that more than 43 million passenger cars are currently driving across the territory of the Russian Federation. The average length of the roadway is 1,500,000 kilometers. If we take as a basis the number of gas stations, which was discussed above, then one gas station will have about 70 kilometers of road density.

Taking into account the variable number of cars, we will get about 2,600 passenger vehicles that can be serviced by one gas station. Naturally, this business miscalculation cannot be called accurate, since subjective factors are not taken into account - the reputation of the gas station and the level of its services. Nevertheless, even the given data should be enough to represent the general situation on the motor transport market in our country.

Parameter No. 3. Target customers + their preferences

Customers' preferences regarding the choice of filling stations:

70% of respondents answered that, in most cases, they refuel their vehicles at popular gas stations of holding networks;
25% answered that for them there is not much difference at which particular filling station to buy fuel;
5% prefer to refuel only at small petrol stations.

From the above, it follows that the average business plan of a mini gas station or its full-fledged analogue can count on only 30% of the client base. The rest will be taken by the monopolists.

The bottom line is that a gas station from scratch is not such a profitable investment in 2019. Although the market has not yet reached the peak of meeting demand, the likelihood of squeezing between the "pillars" of the refining industry is extremely small. The only option - work under a franchise or the launch of a mini gas station with a list of additional services to its customers.

2) What format of gas station to choose?

Types of gas stations:

classic.

A variation of the business plan of a gas station, which is most often found on the territory of our state. Fuel storage tanks are located underground, and oil products are dispensed through dispensers (dispensers);

block gas station.

The fuel dispenser is located directly above the fuel storage unit of the filling station, which allows the equipment to be made into a single module. Relevant for mini business;

container gas station.

Another mini option, which includes combined storage units and fuel dispensers. The storage facilities are located above the ground. There are 2 types of container filling stations, which are subdivided depending on the capacity of the tanks - "A" (more than 20 cubic meters) and "B" (less than 20 cubic meters);

modular gas station.

One of the best options for a business plan that focuses on a mini format. The container and the dispenser have a single design. As with container filling stations, modular ones have a similar division into types "A" and "B";

mobile gas station.

As the name implies, the fuel storage and distribution system has a chassis implemented as a trailed one. The designs show themselves well in the mini-business, however, only its liquid analogue, gasoline, can be sold here as fuel.

There are more than 7 varieties, however, let's say right away that it is unrealistic to join a business niche purely on this product, therefore, a gas filling station as a start of a project should not even be considered for a novice entrepreneur.

Classic gas stations and modular / mobile gas stations that can easily change location are considered optimal for a business plan in 2019. The first option will require more substantial investment in the business, but the income from such a gas station will be much higher. Block-type mini gas stations can be used as reconnaissance of the situation at the start of a business, or as an additional source of profit.

3) Organizational business issue

Mini gas stations cannot be called a large-scale business; accordingly, a person can find money for the implementation of a business plan on his own, which means that an individual entrepreneur will become the optimal form of ownership.

A classic gas station, or their network, requires a more substantial investment. Due to the participation of investment funds, it would be reasonable for a businessman to consider the form of ownership of an LLC, since it is not allowed by law to attract money from outside with an individual entrepreneur.

SP	OOO
A relatively simple registration procedure, only 3 documents are needed: a passport, an application for registration, a receipt for payment of the state duty (800 rubles)	The registration procedure is more complicated, you need more documents and pay more state duty (4000 rubles)
You cannot delegate a business, divide it into shares, you need to manage it yourself	There may be several co-founders and the responsibility of each within his share

No authorized capital required, no current account required, no seal	The authorized capital is required (at least 10,000 rubles), as well as the Charter of the LLC, a current account and a seal are required
Registration at the place of residence and submission of reports at the place of residence	Registration at any legal address within the Russian Federation
There are restrictions on the types of activity	LLC has no restrictions on the types of activities
You can do without an accountant, there is no need to keep strict cash records, a small amount of reporting	You can't do without an accountant, the volume of reporting is quite large
Responsibility within the limits of own property, even after the closure of the sole proprietorship	Liability only within the authorized capital
The amount of fines is significantly lower than that of an LLC (up to RUB 50,000)	High amounts of fines for the same violations as for individual entrepreneurs (up to 1,000,000 rubles)
Taxes are either 6% (income) or 15% (income minus expenses), plus insurance contributions to the Pension Fund (minimum RUB 23,153.33)	It is more difficult with taxes, plus the founders of the LLC pay 13% of the profit (since 2015)
Low reputation and prestige for large companies	Reputation and prestige are considered to be quite high
It's easier to open branches, even in other cities	To open a branch, its registration is required, and the possibility of using the simplified tax system is lost
Simple withdrawal of money for your own needs	It is difficult to withdraw money because they formally belong to LLC
There is no way to sell, buy or re-register an individual entrepreneur	Selling, buying or re-registering an LLC does not cause problems
You can use the patent taxation system to reduce costs	Patent taxation system cannot be used
It is difficult to expand the business by attracting investments and new co-founders	You can easily attract investments from a successful LLC, register new co-founders, and also expand to an OJSC
No need to document all business activities	We need a strict documentary record of all economic activities
Just close your PI	The LLC liquidation procedure is much more complicated

To make it easier for you to decide on the form of ownership for the future gas station business plan, we have provided a comparative table of the two options. Analyze your financial potential in detail - if you can provide the business yourself, then the IP is a priority, and if you have to go into large debts, then it is better to focus the business plan of the gas station on attracting investor funds and follow the path of the LLC.

The second important documentary question on the business plan of a gas station of a traditional or mini format is business permits... The property in question has an increased level of fire hazard, which means that not in every place you are allowed to build a gas station from scratch, or to have a mini mobile gas station.

List of permits for starting a gas station:

Lease contract. Only enter into a contract after making sure that the selected area meets all the requirements of the regulatory authorities. In the presence of a plot in private ownership, a document is required to officially confirm this fact.
We go to the city / district architecture department to get a gas station construction permit for your business plan.
We visit Rostekhnadzor and get approval for the project of the mini gas station itself.
In SES, an entrepreneur receives documentary approval for his own business plan in relation to the fuel trade process.
We go to the regional office of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy and obtain permits for the sale and storage of fuels and lubricants.
The next point is the most problematic in the business plan of a gas station, since it must provide for all ways to reduce the fire hazard level of the construction / use facility. Only full compliance with all norms and requirements will allow an entrepreneur to get a documentary permit from the Ministry of Emergencies.
The contract for the removal of garbage from the territory of the gas station.
An agreement with a municipal organization regarding the conduct of deratization.
Quality certification of received fuel for filling stations from product suppliers.

The list is presented in order of priority, therefore, it can be used as a checklist for the organizational part of your business plan. In addition to the agreed list, which is basic for 99% of gas stations, the entrepreneur must also take care of the certification of the equipment itself, which will be used on the territory of his gas station. The list includes not only speakers and storage, but even PCs that will be used at the point of sale. Furniture for the personnel of mini gas stations also needs certification from companies that produce anti-static treatment.

The business practice of gas stations in our country shows that it takes from 60 to 120 days to obtain the entire list of permits... The cost of this process is also not cheap - from 300,000 to 500,000 rubles for one point of sale of fuel products. Despite the need to collect a huge pile of papers for opening a mini business, there is good news for an entrepreneur - no licensing required for the petrol station business plan.

4) Production plan of the gas station

1. A place for a gas station + organization of the production process

The location of the gas station is one of the main factors of business success. Priority should be given to areas near traffic intersections, highways or mini / large car parks. In addition, it should be provided that the gas station is not on the outskirts of settlements, as this will reduce the volume of sales of products several times. Look for places where there are no advertised monopoly holdings and there is a high level of demand.

We agree that it is incredibly difficult to find a territory that will meet absolutely all the requirements, however, the more conditions are met, the higher the profitability of your gas station business plan will become in the future. Before concluding a lease agreement, it is advised to order an independent examination of the suitability of the site for UDS.

Plan of premises at the gas station:

hall for trade.

An additional source of income won't hurt. If the business plan provides for a mini gas station, this point can be overlooked;

An integral object for both staff and customers of the gas station;

warehouse.

Like the first point, in the case of a mini gas station, it may not be relevant;

locker room.

For use by petrol station personnel.

It is better to locate the main office separately, for example, in the central part of the city. The interior of the business premises is formed based on the preferences of the business owner himself. In addition to the premises for customer service, there will be 2 dispensers on the territory of the gas station - this is the best option for a classic refueling. In the case of a mini gas station, depending on the level of mobility of the modules, you can use either 1 fuel dispenser or a couple.

The order of the production process of the gas station:

The supplier's transport delivers fuel and discharges it into specialized tanks located on the territory of the station.
The owner of the car drives into the gas station to the fuel dispenser and inserts the pistol into the tank. If you have money to spare in your business plan for personnel, a separate salesperson can provide this action.
Payment for the desired amount of fuel at the checkout.
Penetration of the check from the cashier's side and launching the filling station bay.
End of the bay. Check out the client and wait for the next one.

When working at a mini gas station, the procedure may differ slightly, but the general algorithm, we think, is clear. The area of the site itself for the gas station depends on the format. With a mini gas station - this is from 300 square meters, and in the case of developing a business plan for a full-fledged gas station - from 900 square meters and above. It will be enough to allocate about 70 square meters of space from the site to the gas station itself.

2. Equipment and personnel at the gas station

An important point for every newly hired employee - training certificates

The staff will consist of:

technical staff, that they will fulfill the duties of refueling vehicles, pumping up wheels and other services provided for in the price list of a gas station;
the cashier, on whose shoulders the calculation will fall, and the possible preparation of coffee at the request of the customer of the gas station;
the seller - if there is a mini store at the gas station;
repairer - responsible for the operability of the equipment + helps in the provision of services for the easy repair of vehicles for the customers of the column;
security guards - 2 people who will work in shifts to ensure the safety of your business;
cleaning lady - is engaged in putting things in order both in the gas station premises and in the adjacent territory;
electrician - works under a contract and is called if necessary.

As a rule, accounting in a business plan is outsourced, therefore, here the entrepreneur will be able to save a little. The same applies to the managerial position, which is assumed by the owner himself. As the business expands, the final number of gas station employees may increase proportionally.

What equipment is required:

stainless cisterns (3-4 jokes) with a capacity of 30 cubic meters each. The exact amount is determined based on the types of fuel that will be sold at the filling station in accordance with the business plan;
a tank for storing fuel in emergency situations - 1 joke with a volume of 20 cubic meters;
fire tank - 1 piece from 10 cubic meters;
dispensers, preferably equipped with sensors for dispensed fuel consumption;
automated system for refueling control;
POS terminal;
computers + peripherals to them;
equipment for ensuring fire safety;
security system + video surveillance (optional).

With regard to software solutions for business management, it is better for an entrepreneur to use ready-made systems from well-known manufacturers. The same S&B or Smart Oil will be the same. The exact number of pieces of equipment depends, again, on the format of the dispenser and its efficiency in the sale of fuel. It is better to purchase equipment for gas stations only from certified suppliers - this will simplify the procedure for registering a business and speed up the issuance of some certificates by 20% -30%.

5) How to Promote Business - Marketing Project Plan

competition in the local market and the optimal location for refueling

In second place is - range of services and prices... With a mini gas station, everything is clear - the sale of fuel + primitive service. With a traditional gas station, everything is much more interesting - this is a service station and a mini market, and a car wash + a bunch of different offers that can be useful to the client. The table above shows an approximate alignment for a moderate appetite gas station. If desired, the mark-up can be made higher, however, the risk of customer churn will increase, and this is highly undesirable for a start-up business.

With regard to the indirect source of profit from the gas station, the situation is similar. The table above shows the optimal share ratio based on the level of demand for a particular gas station product.

The influence of the season when planning the work of a gas station is a very insignificant factor that can be neglected. Taking into account the time required for paperwork, construction of the site and premises for refueling, it may take up to 12 months to achieve the optimal level of sales of fuel products - a pessimistic scenario. With a skillful advertising campaign in the business plan of a gas station, this period can be reduced by 60% -90%.

Business promotion tools:

luminous stele with prices for gasoline / diesel fuel;
signboard;
balls for the first month after opening;
leaflets advertising the new gas station;
placement of advertising structures at traffic intersections and in other places with a high level of traffic;
articles in print media;
Personal site;
advertising in local media;
local radio spots.

It will not be superfluous to periodically hold promotions for discounts on fuel - this will attract more regular customers + increase the effect of word of mouth, thereby reducing spending on the advertising campaign of the business.

6) Settlement part of the gas station business

return investments no earlier than 4 years

One-time opening costs:

business registration - up to 400,000 rubles;
development, construction of a site for a gas station + installation of modules - 2,100,000 rubles;
advertising for business promotion - 90,000 rubles;
equipment in the minimum configuration - 1,200,000 rubles;
other expenses - 30,000 rubles.

In the end, only to launch the column itself, we will need to invest about 3,820,000 rubles... If this were all over, then the proposed business plan would not be so expensive, however, monthly expenses must also be taken into account.

Monthly business expenses:

payroll fund - 250,000 rubles;
rent - 50,000 rubles;
depreciation - 30,000 rubles;
communal apartment - 6,000 rubles;
advertising - 15,000 rubles;
remote accounting - 10,000 rubles;
fuel purchase - 3,500,000 rubles;
security of an object or private security company - 25,000 rubles.

In addition to the start-up capital for the opening, it will be necessary to provide for and 3,886,000 rubles for monthly expenses, and this is only by preliminary calculations. In practice, the amount may turn out to be much higher - + 20% -40%.

The income part is formed on the basis of a mark-up, which will depend on the demand and additional services provided to customers within the point of sale. At a discount rate of 10%, the break-even current will be about 500,000 rubles however, it will be overcome only after the filling station reaches high sales volumes, which will take from 7 to 9 months after the start.

Own gas station. How do you become the owner of your own gas station?

Mini petrol station business plan - niche features of economy petrol stations

As you already understood, a full-scale gas station is not the cheapest pleasure, especially for a budding entrepreneur. The 20% markup does not save the situation, since our people are used to doubling their investments, and not being content with little. All of the above prompts a completely adequate solution - the opening of a mini gas station.

The popularity of mini gas stations came in 2012, when the facility was removed from the influence of Rostekhnadzor. In 2019, the Ministry of Emergency Situations is engaged in the classification of stations, the connection of the old authority of influence is made only if the business is located in a hazardous type of production.

Design features of a mini gas station:

Wall thickness.

There are single-walled and double-walled mini fuel containers. The first ones are allowed to operate only outside settlements + their volume should not exceed 10 cubic meters. The use also requires the construction of a pallet, in addition to the transport platform, which makes the financial plan of the business more costly;

design.

Mini containers are equipped with a built-in pump for receiving fuel. The software filling should include a system for monitoring the inter-wall space with the function of warning about depressurization. More details on other features of mini containers can be found in NBP111-98;

volumes of compartments.

If there is a mini gas station on the territory of a settlement, then the volume of the chamber is less than 10 cubic meters, and the volume of the entire container is less than 40 cubic meters. When located behind a settlement, the chamber is not more than 20 cubic meters, and the entire container is not more than 60 cubic meters.

Failure to comply with the agreed standards entails an automatic transition of a mini gas station (KAZS) to another type of classifier, accordingly, the entrepreneur loses all the advantages of the container solution. With regard to the documentation for the mini gas station, here you need customs union declaration and data sheet + eco / sanitary certificates.

Automating a mini gas station is much easier than a full-fledged gas station. It is enough to install an automatic remote-type unmanned control system that will dispense fuel by chips or smart cards. The price of one mini gas station is from 100,000 rubles... Taking into account the costs of registration and knocking out all permits, the total capital for the business plan will not exceed 250,000 rubles, which is a very attractive alternative to a multimillion-dollar business with dubious payback periods.

It should also be understood that a mini gas station business plan will not be able to bring you multimillion-dollar income, since the volumes of fuel sold will be very modest. Even taking into account the margin of 30% -40%, the net monthly profit is unlikely to exceed the mark of 100,000 rubles.

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