The profession is "architect". The profession of an architect Purpose of an architect

Despite the fact that the architect is not entirely correct to be classified in the "Technical professions" section, he is still here, since his work is connected with calculations and drawings. And this brings him closer to many techies. Learn more about this profession!

Average salary: 48,000 rubles per month

Demand

Payability

Competition

Entry barrier

Perspectives

Currently, the profession of an architect is in high demand. It originated a long time ago. Even the names of ancient times are known to history. The first architect who became known to science was Imhotep. This great architect became famous in the third millennium BC. He led the construction of the Josser pyramid, which is located in Egypt. Hiram is one of the famous architects of the past. He supervised the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. It was a true piece of architectural art. Unfortunately, however, the temple was destroyed by the Babylonians. The construction of the Second Temple was entrusted to Zerubbabel. The names of architects of the past can be enumerated indefinitely. All of them have made great contributions to urban planning and architectural art. The most popular of them are Phidias, who was an architect and sculptor, Callicrates (builder of Parferon), Iktin.

What is the profession

The profession of an architect presupposes architectural design at a professional level. The duties of a specialist include the organization of the architectural environment, the design of buildings and the development of space-planning and architectural solutions.

The architect must fulfill certain responsibilities. First of all, I would like to note the preparation of projects and estimates for future buildings.

In this case, it will be necessary to determine the cost of the structure. The architect is responsible for monitoring the execution of construction work. The specialist must certify the constructed buildings, give them an assessment during implementation. In order to become a good architect, knowledge of the following areas is required:

Knowledge in the field of jurisprudence will also be useful.

There are several areas of architectural activity. First of all, I would like to note the architects who are engaged in the development of design documentation for construction and working drawings. The duties of this specialist include architectural supervision, which makes it possible to successfully implement the developed architectural project. There are also the chief architects of the project, architects-urban planners, chief architects of a city or district, historians and theorists of architecture, architects-restorers, and expert architects.

What specialties can you study?

People who have decided to connect their lives with architecture must decide on a specialization. Now we will briefly talk about which area of ​​expertise you can choose.

• Construction and architecture.

In this case, several specialties are offered to choose from: industrial and civil construction, urban construction and economy. In the first case, you can give preference to the following specializations: expertise and real estate management, labor protection in construction, geotechnics of underground urbanism. In the second case, you can choose the following specializations: technical reconstruction, repair and reconstruction of buildings, geoinformation systems in urban planning, energy-saving and information technologies in construction and reconstruction.

Several specializations can be distinguished: landscape architecture, reconstruction and restoration of architectural complexes, architectural design of urban planning environment, architecture of residential and civil buildings.

Where can you get an education?

If you are determined to get the appropriate education, then you can opt for the following architecture universities in Russia. The highest quality education can be obtained at the Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. An excellent education will be given by the Moscow State Academic Art Institute. IN AND. Surikov, Moscow Architectural Institute. You can master the profession of an architect at the State University of Land Management.

What do you have to do at work?

People who have graduated in architecture can work in many areas. You can get a job in a private office or a government agency.

You can work in the field of urban planning (heat and cold supply and technologies of construction production and building materials), life safety.

Landscape architects, environmental monitoring architects, soil mechanics, foundations and engineering geology are in high demand.

Who is the profession of an architect suitable for?

The profession of an architect is suitable for those people who have good spatial thinking, love to draw, are creative people.

Demand

At the moment, architects are quite highly demanded specialists. Above, we talked about the fact that they can work in various areas. When choosing a specialization, you need to be careful, take into account the emergence of new areas and the development of technology. Let's say that landscape design is becoming more and more popular now. In this area, you can make a successful career.

How much do they get

The profession of an architect is not chosen in vain. She brings not only a high income, but also fame in case of successful studies at a university. If we talk about architects who work in private companies, then most often they have piecework wages. They receive a percentage of the order amount. Chief architects can receive up to six percent of the transaction amount. As for ordinary workers, they are offered a rate. Bonuses are paid for good work. Beginners get from $ 800... The average salary for an architect is $ 1200-1500. In fact, the salary depends on many factors: the city in which the specialist works, the company, the project itself.

Is it easy to get a job?

This is not to say that an architect can easily find a good job, but nothing is impossible. The easiest way to find a job is in big cities. Moreover, two advantages can be noted here: a higher salary and a higher chance of successfully finding a job.

How career and prospects are usually built

Having received your diploma in architecture, you should understand that you will not be able to get all the stars from the sky right away. You need to set yourself up for hard work. First, you will work for your reputation, and then your reputation will work for you. If you have developed spatial thinking, creativity, creativity, good memory, observation, have a sense of taste and will to win, you will definitely succeed in making a successful career. Start small, you can make big progress over time.

Architect

The names of ancient architects are known: Iktin and Kallikrates, builders of the Parthenon in the Athenian Acropolis, Phidias, a sculptor and architect, author of statues of Zeus in Olympia, Athens Promachos, Athens Parthenos and others.

The ancient Roman architect and engineer, the largest ancient theorist of architecture Mark Vitruvius Pollio (1st century BC) makes rather strict requirements for the qualifications of an architect:

... He must be a literate person, a skilled draftsman, study geometry, thoroughly know history, listen carefully to philosophers, be familiar with music, have an understanding of medicine, know the decisions of lawyers and have information in astronomy and heavenly laws ...
... I do not think that anyone could suddenly declare himself an architect, except for one who, from a young age, gradually ascended from one branch of education to another and, having absorbed the knowledge of many sciences and arts, reached the very heights of architecture ...

Ten books on architecture. Book I

The builders of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages are unknown, only assumptions are made about authorship, this is due to the influence of the church, the author's mark was regarded as pride. However, the brands of the cooperatives and suppliers have survived.

, published in 1890-1907, provides a historical background in relation to the concept of an architect: In Europe, this name took root about 400 years ago. "Apparently," says Viollet-le-Duc on this occasion, "until the 16th century this title was not given to the artists who directed the buildings." Before Peter I, the word "architect" was not used, and builders were denoted by the words "architect, ward master, mure, stone and carpenter headman." Nowadays, "civil architecture" specialists are called architects. Italians are named the first "architectons" in Russian documents of the 15th-16th centuries: Pietro Antonio Solari, Petrok Maly, Aleviz Novy.

Duties of an architect in the 19th - early 20th centuries The Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary characterizes as follows:

The architect has the following responsibilities: firstly, he draws up projects according to these conditions and makes estimates, that is, he makes drawings and drawings of future structures and determines their cost; secondly, he supervises the production of work, that is, in other words, practically implements the project; and, finally, thirdly, it testifies to existing buildings and evaluates them in sales, pledges, insurances, etc.

... He must have excellent theoretical and practical knowledge of his specialty; but besides this, he must have many more versatile knowledge ...
First, he must know perfectly the structural mechanics in order to be able to accurately calculate the strength and stability of all parts of his structure ...
2) He must be familiar with mineralogy, geognosy and geology in order to have a correct understanding of the properties and qualities of various natural materials ...
3) He must know physics and chemistry well, because at every step he has to meet with them in questions of the strength of the building ...

4) He still needs to have known legal knowledge, for he must know well what is permitted and what is prohibited in the construction business by the legislation of his country ...

The work of a modern architect

The technology of construction production is constantly becoming more sophisticated. The profession of an architect is also changing. The competence of a modern architect is defined more clearly than before.

On the one hand, the responsibilities of a modern architect are more narrowly delineated. The modern architect develops the architectural section of the project documentation. At the same time, his competence does not include calculations of complex engineering structures, organization of construction and preparation of estimate documentation for complex objects.

On the other hand, the more complex an object is, the more knowledge an architect needs to control the entire design process and exercise designer supervision during the construction of a building.

At the same time, it is becoming more and more difficult for one specialist-architect to be equally well versed in all types of construction and in all types of objects.

It should be noted that when designing simple objects (for example, cottages), the architect may well cope with all the listed responsibilities.

In modern conditions, separate branches have emerged from the profession of an architect, for example, urban planning.

The architectural profession continues to branch out into narrower specializations. In modern architectural bureaus, some specialists can develop space-planning solutions, while others are responsible, for example, for visualization.

The development of computing technology in the twentieth century led to a revolution in architectural design. Currently, project documentation is developed mainly using computer-aided design systems (computer and special computer programs, such as, for example, Autodesk AutoCAD or Graphisoft ArchiCAD). Computer-aided design provides tools for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) graphics. The concept of a virtual building makes it possible to get an idea of ​​both the external appearance and the internal space of the future object directly on the display or with the help of a projector.

The undoubted benefits of the introduction of new technologies also have a downside. It takes time and extra effort to master such complex software environments. In other words, it has become more difficult to train a qualified specialist who would have the skills of computer graphics and, at the same time, would not be “cut off” from the real construction industry.

The visibility of the architectural design can be provided by the architectural layout. However, at present, prototyping is carried out not only (and not so much) by architects, but with the involvement of organizations specializing in the production of, for example, advertising products.

Areas of activity of architects

Design of buildings and structures

Architectural activity- professional activity of architects aimed at creating an architectural object and includes:

• the creative process of creating an architectural project,
• coordination of the development of all sections of design documentation for construction or reconstruction,
• supervision over the construction of an architectural object (Article 2 of the Federal Law of 17.11.1995 No. 169-FZ "On architectural activities in the Russian Federation").

Architectural and construction design is carried out by preparing design documentation for capital construction objects and their parts under construction, reconstructed within the boundaries of the land plot belonging to the developer, as well as in cases of major repairs of capital construction objects, if structural and other reliability characteristics are affected during its implementation and safety of such facilities (Art. 48 GSK RF).

Urban planning activities

In exceptional cases, a license could be issued to a person who did not have a higher architectural education, if he had work experience in the field of architectural activity for at least ten years.

However, this chapter has ceased to be in force in accordance with the Federal Law of 10.01.2003 No. 15-FZ.

At the same time, on the territory of the still Soviet space, there were attempts to bring architectural design to a private level by creating so-called "creative workshops". For the first time in the spring of 1989, a group of enthusiastic entrepreneurs with the participation of Yevgeny Mironov and Sergey Klizhov succeeded. The result of the group's activities was the creation of a special commission of the Union of Architects of the USSR and the appearance, based on the results of inspections, of the “Personal creative workshop of architects Mironov and Klizhov”. “Architecture is always secondary. It always reflects in space those social, social, cultural and economic conditions in which it is created. She is a mirror. Therefore, if someone does not like the reflection ... ”- the social motive of the group's work, which exists to this day, somewhere on the verge of what is permitted by law.

Self-regulation of project activities in Russia (since 2010)

Works on the preparation of architectural solutions are included in the List of types of works that affect the safety of capital construction facilities, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Regional Development dated 30.12.2009 No. 624.

Thus, the licensing of architectural activities has been replaced by the process of obtaining admission from the SROP. Admission to design work is issued without limitation of the term and territory of its validity (part 9 of article 55.8 of the State Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

The legal status of an architect in the Russian Federation

The legal status of an architect is characterized by his specific rights and obligations, as well as the liability established by law for their failure to fulfill or improper fulfillment.

Architect as a contractor

Contracting relations are established between the customer and the architect regarding the development of the architectural section of the design documentation, control over the development of other sections of the design documentation for construction, as well as architectural supervision (in the part not regulated by copyright).

By contract for the performance of design work the contractor (designer) undertakes to develop technical documentation at the request of the customer, and the customer undertakes to accept and pay for their result (Article 758 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

Since a work contract for the performance of design work is a simple type of a work contract, the norms from those included in § 1 of Ch. 37 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation "General Provisions on the Contract".

An architect as a manager

An architect manages design and construction through an architectural project. This is the peculiarity of the management method inherent in an architect.

In the special literature, the following main functions of managing an architectural project are distinguished:

The rights, duties and responsibilities of the chief architect of the project are established by SNiP 1.06.04-85 "Regulations on the chief engineer (chief architect) of the project", approved by the decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR No. 103 dated 06/28/1985, enacted on 07/15/1985 and currently in force.

Architect as author

By virtue of the direct instructions of Art. 1259 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, works of architecture, urban planning and landscape gardening (including in the form of projects, drawings, images and models) are objects of copyright.
Art. 2 ФЗ dated 17.11.1995 No. 169-ФЗ "On architectural activity in the Russian Federation" contains the following definitions:

architectural project- the architectural part of the documentation for construction and urban planning documentation, containing architectural solutions ... to the extent necessary for the development of documentation for the construction of objects, in the design of which the participation of an architect is required;
architectural object- a building, structure, complex of buildings and structures, their interior, objects of improvement, landscape or garden and park art, created on the basis of an architectural project.

The architect as a municipal employee

In the Russian Federation, there is a specific form of professional activity of architects, when they are municipal employees in subdivisions (departments, departments) of architecture and urban planning of municipal administrations. The heads of such units are called chief architects (cities or districts).

The competence of civil servants includes the following issues:

• coordination of issues on the placement and allotment of land plots for the construction of individual, public facilities;
• ensuring the consideration and issuance of urban planning justification for the selection of land plots, coordination of urban planning documentation;
• implementation of a unified policy in the field of architecture, planning and development of territories on the territory of the corresponding district;
• informing the population about the state of the living environment and the intention to change it (construction, improvement, laying of engineering communications) through the media;
• prevention of unauthorized construction, demolition of buildings and structures, cutting down of public green spaces in the city and other settlements;
• organization and control over the maintenance of information systems for urban planning activities.

Architectural awards and prizes

One of the top international awards in architecture is the Pritzker Prize, awarded annually for the most outstanding achievement in the field of architecture. The Pritzker Prize is considered to be the analogue of the Nobel Prize in architecture. Pritzker Prize winners were such outstanding architects as the Japanese Kenzo Tange, who created fantastic projects of cities in the style of metabolism, the American Bei Yuming, who built the famous Glass Pyramid in the Louvre, the Dane Jorn Utzon, who created the famous project of the Sydney Opera House, the Englishman Norman Foster, the author of the skies in the form of a glass egg in London, and many others.

Professional holidays

By the decision of the Twentieth General Assembly of the International Union of Architects (UIA), held in Barcelona in 1996, World Architecture Day was set for the first Monday in October - the day on which World Day of Housing (World Habitat Day) is celebrated under the patronage of the United Nations.

The image of an architect in works of art

In literature

• "Source" (eng. The fountainhead) Ayn Rand

In cinema

The profession of an architect is reflected in dozens of feature films.

see also

Notes (edit)

1. // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron
2. Vitruvius. Ten books on architecture. Per. from lat. F.A.Petrovsky. - M .: Editorial URSS, 2003.
3. // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: In 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
4. Le Corbusier Three forms of settlement. The Athenian Charter = Per. from French J. Rosenbaum. Aftersl. Yu Bocharov and A. Rappaport. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1976 .-- 136 p.
5. “All-Russian classifier of occupations. OK 010-93 "(approved by the Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of 30.12.1993 No. 298)
6. Qualification reference book of positions of managers, specialists and other employees, approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of August 21, 1998 No. 37
7. Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of September 17, 2009 No. 337 "On approval of the lists of directions for the preparation of higher professional education"
8. OK 009-2003. All-Russian classifier of specialties by education "(approved by the Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of 30.09.2003 No. 276-st)
9. Federal state educational standards
10. Federal state educational standard of higher professional education in the direction of preparation 270100 Architecture (qualification (degree) "bachelor")
11. Federal state educational standard of higher professional education in the direction of preparation 270100 Architecture (qualification (degree) "master")
12. Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of December 30, 2009 No. 624
13. Braginsky M.I., Vitryansky V.V. Contract law. Book three. Contracts for the performance of work and the provision of services. - Revised edition. - Moscow: Statut Publishing House, 2002. - 1038 p.

Architecture has always gone hand in hand with art. The creations of Antoni Gaudí, Osip Bove, Carl Rossi and other great architects inspire no less than the creations of painters and symphonies of composers. It is not only about the oldest monuments, palaces and towers, but also about modern buildings and structures that amaze with aesthetics and grandeur. An architect can immortalize his name in stunning projects, or he can make a mistake, as a result of which the appearance of an entire city will be hopelessly spoiled. Are you not afraid of difficult work and colossal responsibility? Then this job is for you.

What is an architect? Description of the profession

An architect is a specialist who designs buildings, planning and interior solutions, as well as organizing the architectural environment. He is responsible not only for the appearance of structures, but also for their functional and operational characteristics.

For all the complexity of the profession and the need to be guided by standards, rules and technical parameters, the specialty is creative.

The appearance of a building depends only on the inner world of a professional and his ideas about aesthetics, harmony and rationality.

Specialists can be not only architects who develop draft designs, documentation and working drawings, but also organizers of the development process (chief architects), developers of master plans for cities and towns (urban planners), creators of landscape solutions for landscaping (landscape architects). The specialty also includes designers (developers of planning and interiors), restorers, experts and theorists involved in scientific and teaching activities.

What is the responsibility of a specialist

With the development of technology, the work of an architect has changed significantly. The reason for this is the complication of construction technologies.

It is necessary to be proficient in special computer programs (in particular, programs for 3D design and modeling of buildings), to conduct an examination of the documentation for compliance with a variety of standards. At the same time, the scope of the specialist's activity does not so much limit, but rather directs the type of his activity:

• Architectural design... The specialist develops a project, coordinates the creation of construction documentation, carries out field supervision.
• Urban planning... In fact, this is a "volumetric design", which is based on the development of general architectural plans of settlements.
• Landscape... Landscape architecture includes landscaping - the design of gardens, parks, green spaces, home gardens, and even protected areas.
• Interior Design... The specialists specialize in the development of functional and at the same time aesthetic planning, in the design of interiors.

The scope of an employee's responsibilities also depends on his experience, qualifications and the organization in which he works. The project is needed not only for grandiose concert halls and skyscrapers, but also for every trade pavilion (with the exception of pre-fabricated structures), every clinic and every residential building. Experience and portfolio play key roles - it is very important to strive to get really important and complex projects in order to move up the career ladder.

How to get the profession of an architect, where to study

This profession requires higher education, extensive theoretical knowledge and successfully completed practical work. It is best to enter a specialized university, and the more authoritative it is, the better for your future career. Graduates of the best educational institutions of the country are welcomed with open arms not only by Russian, but also by foreign employers. Therefore, approach the choice of a place of study responsibly and try to enter (or at least try to do it) in the best educational institution possible.

TOP-5 Russian universities preparing architects:

1. Moscow Architectural Institute.
2. Moscow State Civil Engineering University.
3. University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in St. Petersburg.
4. University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in Nizhny Novgorod.
5. University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in Samara.

How to take the subjects upon admission? Admission of applicants is usually carried out in 2 stages: the first part is analysis (usually mathematics, Russian language and history, less often literature), the second part is a creative competition conducted by an educational institution independently. Applicants will be required to prepare a drawing, composition and drawing.

Educational institutions almost always hold a consultation - here the teachers tell what exactly they want to see in the framework of the creative competition. The presentation is held in 1 day, or it is absent - the results of the verification of works can be announced remotely. Be sure to go to her. Also check the list of exams in advance - it is set by each university individually and may differ from the list given.

What qualities do you need to have

• Perseverance. Each drawing and each project requires lengthy, meticulous work, where details and nuances are important.
• Creative person. Each specialist is a creator. It is in his head that the appearance of buildings is born, which can become cult sights.
• Developed intelligence. It is necessary not only to have experience and practical skills, but also to keep in mind a huge amount of theory, to know the regulatory framework.
• Perfectionism. The slightest mistake in the project can lead to disaster or, at the very least, to the exclusion of the project. It is important to constantly strive for excellence.
• Composure. The ability to concentrate on work is the key to a successful project. Architecture does not tolerate absent-mindedness and does not forgive mistakes.

Where can a specialist work

Construction company... Mostly architects are required here, since most companies are engaged in the construction of ordinary buildings and construction. The typical nature of the work does not make it any more simple - each project requires multi-stage approval and examination. Diversified tasks often have to be carried out, as the staff of architects is almost always compressed or curtailed.

Bureau of Architecture... The key difference between a bureau and a construction company is its line of business. The organization is exclusively engaged in architectural design, examination and development of documentation. There is a clear gradation of staff, and there is no shortage of staff. You can come to the bureau already in the first years of study, get a position of a technician, create simple drawings and gain experience while moving up the career ladder.

State institutions... These are municipal and federal organizations that prepare master plans for settlements, conduct architectural expertise, draw up profile documentation, coordinate projects and issue a building permit. The best option for professionals who are looking for a stable job and want to enjoy all the benefits of a civil servant.

Pros and cons of the profession of an architect

If at school you wrote an essay on the topic "My future profession is an architect", then you probably delved into the essence of your specialty. Its key strengths are the ability to create and high income prospects. The main drawback is practical complexity. Let's note other advantages and disadvantages for a detailed comparison.

pros profession architect:

• Interesting, creative work.
• High remuneration for qualified specialists.
• A promising profession for immigration.
• High social status and recognition of the specialty.
• Real career prospects.

Minuses professions:

• Difficult and extremely demanding work.
• The need to study for a long time and constantly develop independently.
• Regular processing, a lot of stress.
• Low salaries at the start of a career.
• Frequent impossibility of self-realization.

The impossibility of self-realization lies in the need to work on order. Example: you want to implement a grandiose project that has been living in your head for a long time, but cannot because of the lack of a sponsor. Or your vision of the functionality and aesthetics of the building does not coincide with the opinion of the manager or client.

Architects (Greek αρχη - here: basis, origin; and Latin tectum - house, shelter) (folk etymology) are people who are engaged in architecture, that is, the development of plans, volumetric forms of buildings and the calculation of their structures.

Initially, this is Greek. the word meant the head of the carpenters. Carpenters in ancient Greece were also masons.

In Russian, the word "architect" appeared at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries; the first "architectons" in the annals were the Italians: Pietro Antonio Solari, Petrok Maly, Aleviz Novy. Prior to that, the terms "murol" and "ward master" were used.

In the 20th century, the architectural profession finally split into two branches: into "volumetric design" (which is in charge of designing buildings - "volumes"), and "urban planning", which is in charge of designing large urban areas or conglomerates of different-sized and multi-functional objects. At the end of the 20th century, from urban planning, at the junction of sociology and general systems theory, urban studies emerged as an independent discipline, which has as its subject the city and the principles of urban development.

Towards the end of the 20th century, there has been a change in the meaning of the term "architect" towards its generalization to other professions, such as interior designer or landscape designer. Architects, in general, are called specialists who reflect the wishes of customers in technically feasible requirements and think over the principles of implementing these requirements. This applies to both construction and other areas of activity such as programming or shipbuilding.

Experts joke that the profession of an architect is more responsible than a doctor, since the latter can hide his mistake, and the architect's mistake remains in public view for many years.

An architect is an environmental technologist. The main task of the architect is to develop new and optimize existing space-planning solutions of the environment necessary for the normal functioning of a person.

One of the top international awards in architecture is the Pritzker Prize, awarded annually for achievements in the field of architecture. The Pritzker Prize is considered the equivalent of the Nobel Prize.

Recently, knowledge of computer programs that allow three-dimensional design of objects - AutoCAD and 3D Studio MAX (are less common Arcon and ArchiCAD) - has become an almost mandatory requirement for architects. It should be noted that a significant part of students who receive an education in architecture are quite familiar with conventional programs that allow working with two-dimensional graphics (CorelDraw, PhotoShop, etc.).

The architect should know:

Methods for designing and carrying out technical and economic calculations.

Technical, artistic, economic, environmental, social and other requirements for the designed facilities.

Specificity of regional and local natural, economic, ecological, social and other conditions for the implementation of urban planning and architectural solutions.

Types and properties of building materials and structures.

Environmental protection requirements.

Advanced domestic and foreign experience in design and construction.

Resolutions, orders, orders of higher and other bodies, methodological, regulatory and guidance materials for the design, construction and operation of facilities.

Standards, specifications and other requirements for the development and execution of design and estimate documentation.

Construction technology.

Engineering and construction equipment.

Fundamentals of economics, labor organization, production and management.

Labor legislation.

Labor protection rules and regulations.

The leading university in Russia that trains specialists of this kind and is world famous is the Moscow Architectural Institute (Moscow Architectural Institute). It should be noted that over time, architectural education becomes, relatively speaking, less artistic and more constructional. Only a small part of graduates manage to find work in an architectural profile, the majority becomes just designers.

Qualification requirements

Architect: higher professional education without any requirements for work experience or secondary vocational education and work experience in the specialty for at least 2 years.

Places of work - in government organizations, private bureaus.

The architect's salary is high. The salary of a private bureau architect is most often piece-rate. He receives a percentage of the order amount.

A specialist architect specializing in architectural design, building plans and interior planning. The architect is looking for solutions that combine structural safety, original design and intelligent use of space. This is one of the most popular professions on the market, because the volume of construction is growing from year to year. Currently, the profession continues to split into specializations, and in large architectural bureaus, some specialists work on the design layout, others are busy planning, and others are focused on the development of project documentation.

Architect Assistant: from 20,000 rubles per month
Main architector: from 200,000 rubles per month

The Pritzker Prize - an analogue of the Nobel Prize in which there is no architectural nomination - is awarded annually for achievements in the field of architecture. The award was established by the Pritzker family - the owners of the Hyatt hotel chain - and is worth $ 100,000.

22.05.2013 - 26.05.2013
This year the main architectural event of the year - the international exhibition "Arch-Moscow" - will be held for the 17th time.

The most striking display of the profession in the cinema of recent years has become the film "Inception" by Christopher Nolan, in which a professional architect must competently design a dream space where the team of subconscious penetration will meet with its victim.

Where to study:
The monopoly on architectural education in Moscow belongs to the Moscow Architectural Institute. At the Moscow Architectural Institute, they prepare fundamentally, however, after 4 years of undergraduate studies, students can choose a narrow specialization (architecture of residential and public buildings, urban planning, architecture of industrial buildings, reconstruction and restoration of architectural complexes, architecture of rural settlements, landscape architecture, theory of urban planning).

MARCHI: from 216,000 rubles / year
State University of Land Management: from 98,000 rubles / year
Moscow State Academic Art Institute. IN AND. Surikov: from 198,000 rubles / year
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia: from 134300 rubles / year

Where to work:
The most obvious place for a university graduate is an architectural bureau or a construction company, where you can study all stages of the origin and development of a project from A to Z. And then - go up the career ladder to the position of a leading architect or open your own business. Another option is to work in government agencies, for example, in territorial departments for architecture and urban planning. In any case, moving forward, it is quite possible to recoup the cost of education in 3-4 years.

Architect, designer: 25,000-75,000 rubles
Draftsman (architect-draftsman): from 30,000 rubles
The chief architect of the project: 80,000-100,000 rubles

Man in the profession

Evgenia Chucharina, 27 years old, architect

What came before

I graduated from St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering) in 2003 with a diploma "Specialist in the specialty" Architecture ". My education can be conditionally divided into two periods: before academic leave and after. The first courses we all tried in vain to satisfy the taste of our teachers and drove our talent and freedom of thought further and further. As a result, by the end of the 3rd year I was exhausted and the desire to study at SPbGASU completely disappeared.
An important thing for me, which I realized after I left the institute in the 3rd year: you get exactly the education you agree to

After working for a year at a real job and again having tasted all the charm and attractiveness of this profession, I recovered again for the 3rd year with renewed vigor. The remaining 3.5 years of training passed as planned. I did exactly those projects that I wanted, and always remained unconvinced, while trying not to offend the teachers. I bought hundreds of books on architecture, always studied something, made sketches from magazines, in general, studied externally. Difficult exams with a huge amount of information, 100 sleepless nights, hands cut with mock-ups, eternal problems with printing and a computer, all this helps in the future. It is this experience that does not allow you to relax in adulthood. To be honest, I don't know a single person who graduated from my faculty and never faced difficulties.

Study in Barcelona

Six months after graduation, I left for Spain. Due to time and financial constraints, I settled on the Barcelona branch of IED Istituto Europeo di Design for a one-year master's program in commercial space design. Despite the fact that I had already spent seven years on education in Russia, and by that time I had good experience in architecture, I really wanted to see how the skills of European designers are taught. I can say one thing: the Russian school of architecture and design is fundamentally different from what is happening in Europe. Of course, it is impossible to learn anything applied in a year, for example, such things as drawing something, or assimilate a couple more volumes of structures and technical objects, but the goal is different. All of us, a group of students from all over the world, wanted to go beyond what we had learned before and start thinking differently. The first few months we did not understand at all what they wanted from us, but after some time we realized that only non-standard tasks carry non-standard solutions. The end of the school year was that I was no longer afraid to propose a strange idea and implement it, be inspired by nonsense and develop it into a concept, now I know several new methods of work and understand how to use them in Europe. Alas, these methods are not yet applicable in Russia, neither clients nor architects have matured.

First job

I started working in the first years of the institute. I am very lucky - my mother has been working as an architect for over 25 years, and I have been in this environment since childhood. At first I was just an apprentice and did what I could, cleaning and simple drawings, then the tasks became more and more complicated, and by the time of my academic "rest" I got a job in an architectural workshop, where I worked for two years. She was engaged in the development of master plans for settlements and planning projects for urban settlements. Great experience of working in a team, on interesting projects, but I had to study further, and I left the office, continuing to study architecture and interior design, which I still do. Now I work for myself and sometimes in tandem with my mother. Basically, these are private interiors and projects of individual houses, sometimes I do concepts, but this, as you know, is "work on the table".

Perspectives in the profession

The most standard way for an architectural student is to start work while still in college. This is usually a technician, in other words, a draftsman or apprentice, for very little money. But this very first step into the profession is very important. Then someone “opens their own candle factory”, finds the first clients and starts working. This option is bad because you do not get the proper experience and often make serious mistakes, for which you have to pay later. Freelancing requires an insane amount of information in your head, staying up at night, and working on weekends. And your salary will depend on the ability to sell the product. Another option is to go to work in the office. I think that every architect will not hurt to work at least for a few years in a team. With serious projects, various tasks and solving many problems. In this case, after some time you will know exactly what this business is glued from. The starting salary of an "office architect" is 25,000 rubles, after a couple of years you will be able to earn twice as much. And if things go uphill and you become a real professional, for example, the chief architect of a project, your salary will increase to 150,000 - 200,000 rubles.

Plans for the future

I would like to develop my business and open my own living and working architectural studio. I'm not chasing recognition and fame, I just want to make a quality product that will make people happy, and I won't be ashamed of it.
Each architect has his own path, there are a lot of opportunities, it all depends on what your ambitions are, the desire to break through to the heights, the desire to work and study all your life. Because this is one of those professions where you always have to be “in the subject”, constantly learn new things, while not losing your individuality.