The only window connecting Leningrad with the mainland was Lake Ladoga. Crossing it was very risky, incredibly difficult, but there was no other way out. In late autumn, Ladoga froze, and then a road was laid on the ice.

During the siege, Olga Berggolts was in Leningrad besieged by the Nazis. In November 1941, she and her seriously ill husband were to be evacuated from Leningrad, but Nikolai Stepanovich Molchanov died and Olga Fedorovna remained in the city. "V. Ketlinskaya, who headed the Leningrad branch of the Writers' Union in 1941, recalled how Olga Berggolts came to her in the first days of the war, Olenka, as everyone called her then, was still a very young, pure, trusting creature, with shining eyes," charming fusion of femininity and sweeping, sharp mind and childish naivety

But now - excited, collected. She asked where and how she could be useful. Ketlinskaya sent Olga Berggolts to the disposal of the literary and dramatic editorial office of the Leningrad radio. After a very short time, Olga Berggolts's quiet voice became the voice of a long-awaited friend in the frozen and dark blockade Leningrad houses, became the voice of Leningrad itself.

“More civilians died in the siege of Leningrad than in the hells of Hamburg, Dresden, Tokyo, Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined.” The area of ​​the cemetery is 26 hectares, the length of the walls is 150 m with a height of 4.5 m. The lines of the writer Olga Berggolts, who survived the blockade, are carved on the stones. In a long row of graves lie the victims of the blockade, the number of which in this cemetery alone is about 500 thousand people.

640 thousand people died of hunger. From hostilities - 235 thousand people. On January 27, 1944, the blockade of the city was finally broken. By this time, there were 560 thousand inhabitants in the city, which is 5 times less than at the beginning of the blockade. The blockade of Leningrad turned out to be the bloodiest siege in the history of mankind.

“On this day, people were shouting with joy ...” Viktoria Rabotnova magazine “After the blockade was broken, we were sent to logging - it was necessary to provide the city with fuel. Well, and on January 27, 1944, we met in Leningrad. It is beyond words that we felt then. People on the streets shouted with joy, hugged, kissed, exchanged addresses. " Memories

By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of May 1, 1945 ... May 8, 1945, Leningrad, together with Moscow, Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa, was named a hero city for the heroism and courage shown by the inhabitants of the city during the blockade ... May 8, 1965 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR The Hero City Leningrad was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

During the breakthrough of the blockade of Leningrad, the Zaiki company fought continuously for seven days, repelling massive counterattacks by enemy infantry and tank units. On January 19, 1943, the company captured fortified enemy positions and reached the Sinyavino-8 hydroelectric power station highway. Zaika personally participated in all battles, destroying 11 enemy soldiers and officers, was wounded four times, but continued to fight. Senior Lieutenant Grigory Zaika was awarded the high title of Hero Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal

On December 17, 1941, over Lake Ladoga, during a solo flight to cover transport aircraft from besieged Leningrad, Captain Pilyutov collided with 6 enemy fighters against six Heinkel 113. In an unequal air battle, he shot down 2 enemy aircraft and, despite being wounded, managed to land his wounded aircraft ... By this time, he made 170 sorties. Doctors who operated on the pilot counted 21 wounds on his body. After a while, he re-entered service and in one of the very first battles in January 1942, he shot down his former offender, the German ace of the German pilot, the commander of the 1st squadron of the 54th Hauptmann fighter squadron Franz Eckerle. In air battles, he personally shot down 6 and as part of a group of 4 enemy aircraft.

He commanded the 136th Infantry Division, which took part in breaking the blockade of Leningrad. While advancing on the main axis of the front, the division was the first to join up with the troops of the Volkhov Front. For the courage and heroism of the division's soldiers in these battles, it was transformed into the 63rd Guards Rifle Division, and Simonyak himself was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. From March 1943 to October 1944, the commander of the 30th Guards Rifle Corps, which participated in the Krasnoselsko-Ropsha offensive operation, in the Sinyavino operation, in the liberation of the city of Narva, in the Vyborg offensive operation, in the Tallinn offensive operation. He took part in the liberation of the Baltic States, the defeat of the enemy's Kurland grouping.

Days of the blockade

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Light the fire…. On September 8, 1941, the blockade of Leningrad began. Sign "60th anniversary of the lifting of the blockade of Leningrad". Commemorative medal "In honor of the 65th anniversary of the complete liberation of Leningrad from the Nazi blockade." The inscription on the wall of the Piskarevsky memorial cemetery. Enemies in armor and iron were bursting into the city. But with the army, workers, schoolchildren, teachers, and militias stood up together. Irina Tereshonok: “During the siege years, I did not commit any heroic deed. Did not detain the saboteur. I just lived. " Irina Tereshonok. In the first winter under siege, I was in my tenth year. Mom and my sister Katya worked at the Admiralty plant. - Days of Blockade.ppt

Blockade of Leningrad lesson

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Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. Lesson plan. Effects. Problem task. Can you agree with this point of view? Argument your answer using the documents and lesson material provided. Help document. 1. On the eve of the war (analyze the table). 2. Offensive in the northwest (Which army had the advantage in numbers?). Task: work with the map. Where were the defensive lines of the Soviet troops in the northwestern direction? The wounded on the outskirts of Leningrad. In battles, Soviet troops lost 345 thousand soldiers. 3. The courage of the defenders of Leningrad. - Blockade lesson.ppt

Leningrad blockade

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Having concentrated the regiments against us, the Enemy attacked a peaceful country. Germany has crossed the borders of our country. The pace of the offensive of the troops was 30 km per day. The capture of the city of Leningrad was given a special place. The enemy wanted to seize the Baltic Sea coast and destroy the Baltic Fleet. Women's rifle battalion. Seeing off to the front. Tanks go to the front. If the land is painted brown, then it was captured by the Nazis. A fascist swastika is painted on the brown ground. Where the Red Army stands, red stars are drawn. The enemy surrounded the city, Leningrad was in a siege ring. - Blockade of Leningrad.pps

Defense of Leningrad

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The history of the blockade of Leningrad. The command of the German fascist troops attached particular importance to the capture of Leningrad - the cradle of three revolutions, large industrial, scientific and cultural center THE USSR. Thus, Hitler hoped to achieve a greater political effect. The defense of Leningrad thwarted all the enemy's plans. At the end of September 1941, the position of the Soviet troops at the front worsened. Day and night, the warriors of the front, with the help of the population, created a deeply echeloned, multi-lane defense. In the main line of defense, a widely ramified network of trenches and communication trenches was created; numerous steel and reinforced concrete pillboxes made by workers of the Leningrad factories, pillboxes and well-equipped open firing points made it possible to shoot all the approaches to the front edge. - Defense of Leningrad.ppt

Blockade of the city of Leningrad

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900. Days of the blockade. Content. The beginning of the war. The establishment of the blockade of Leningrad. The bombing of the city. Life in besieged Leningrad. "The road of life". Leningrad - to the front. Seventh Symphony by D. Shostakovich. 1942 year. Break of the blockade. Bibliography. Liberation of Leningrad. Army Group South (commanded by Field Marshal von Runstedt) advanced in the direction of Kiev. On June 22, 1941, the Wehrmacht launched an invasion of our homeland. Finnish armies attacked Leningrad from the northwest. Front line by 27.09. 1941 Establishment of the blockade. The bombing of Leningrad. Attempts to attack the Nazis on Leningrad yielded nothing. - Blockade of Leningrad.ppt

Leningrad 1941-1944

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The Siege of Leningrad September 8, 1941 - January 27, 1944. The encirclement of Leningrad. City during the Blockade. A.E.Badaeva. From October 1, workers and engineering and technical workers began to receive 400 g of bread per day, all others - 200 g. November came Ladoga began to gradually get covered with ice. By November 17, the ice thickness reached 100 mm, which was not enough to open the movement. Everyone was expecting frost ... Horse carts came out on the ice ... It was Kosygin who organized the movement on the "Road of Life" and settled the differences between the civil and military authorities. K.E. Voroshilov. G.K. Zhukov. A. N. Kosygin. Removal of the blockade. - Leningrad 1941-1944.pptx

Siege Leningrad

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Leningrad blockade. We are called together - Leningrad, And the globe is proud of Leningrad. / O. Berggolts /. Summer 1942 Anti-aircraft battery on the University Embankment. A column of soldiers at the Kirov plant. Wartime poster. Soldiers of the Leningrad Front. Bread card. People were dying of hunger. Tanya Savicheva. Employee Tsareva fulfilled the plan by 300%. The road of life. Cleaning up the city. Olga Berggolts is the voice of besieged Leningrad. The soldier buys a ticket to the concert. Medal for the Defense of Leningrad. Public broadcasting system. Monument to the children of the blockade. Monument to besieged Leningrad. - Siege Leningrad.ppt

Blockade class hour

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Days of Military Glory of Russia. German troops had a significant superiority. In terms of personnel - 2.4 times, guns - 4 times, mortars - 5.8 times, aircraft - 9.8 times, tanks - 1.2 times. 2 million 887 thousand civilians, including about 400 thousand children. for workers - 250 grams of surrogate bread per day; For employees, dependents and children - 125 grams per person. At the Piskarevskoye cemetery, 650 thousand are buried ordinary people who died of hunger. During the blockade, 2,000 tanks, 1,500 aircraft, 225,000 machine guns, 12,000 aircraft, 12,000 mortars, about 10 million shells and mines were manufactured and repaired. - Cool hour Blockade.ppt

Leningrad blockade

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Siege Leningrad. A fascist swastika is painted on the brown ground. And where the Red Army stands, red stars are drawn. 1941 year. A city in an enemy ring. Having concentrated the regiments against us, the Enemy attacked a peaceful country. In the city besieged by the Nazis, thousands died of hunger. In the winter of 1941-1942, there was no fuel and electricity in the city. Leningraders lived in unheated houses. Plumbing and sewerage are frozen. The road of life. Leningrad children worked together with adults, fought and ... studied! After the break of the Leningrad blockade, the diary of 11-year-old Tanya Savicheva was accidentally discovered in one of the empty, completely extinct apartments. - Leningrad blockade.ppt

Leningrad during the war

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The whole country, young and old, stood up to defend the Motherland. Millions of people rushed to the front to fight the enemies. Yesterday's schoolchildren, students, workers - all went to the front. Hitler's army rushed to Moscow, sweeping away everything in its path. All Leningraders rose to defend the city. All Leningraders firmly believed that they would win. Olga Bergolts wrote a poem. Dystrophy spread in the city, people fell into hungry faints. They even tried to leave a small piece of bread for a long time. The saleswoman was dispensing bread. The two fingers on the counter did not meet: the guys were in line. People were buried in mass graves. - Leningrad during the war.ppt

The years of the siege of Leningrad

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Leningrad blockade. Education of patriotism. Leningrad. People lived their own lives. The war began. Shells flew. Ominous flames. Fascists. Street side. Residents defended their hometown. Chest to defend Leningrad. Date of the beginning of the blockade of Leningrad. Blockade. Hunger blockade. Death overtook people everywhere. Diary. Creation. Olga Fedorovna Berggolts. The road of life. Front road. Children. Day of military glory. - Years of the Siege of Leningrad.ppt

The time of the siege of Leningrad

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The homeland is proud of you. Air raid clearing. Starvation. The worst city siege in the military history of mankind. Leningrad blockade. The city lived and fought. 2 million 544 thousand people. Many children survived. In January 1943, the blockade was broken by Soviet troops. Break of the blockade. Operation. Meet the quivering spring, people of the Earth. Carry your dream through the years and fill it with life. About those who will never come again - I conjure - remember. Piskarevskoe cemetery. - The time of the siege of Leningrad.pptx

History of the blockade of Leningrad

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History lesson. "Leningrad - courage, valor, courage." The lesson takes place in combination with extracurricular and extracurricular patriotic work of the school. Lesson presentation (attached). Courage, courage, heroism. The battle for Leningrad lasted 1125 days. The blockade of Leningrad lasted 900 days. 1418 days was V.O. war. Questions: When, in your opinion, did Leningrad become a military city? Was the resolution of the Armed Forces of the Leningrad Front appeared in a timely manner? Leningrad is under siege. Having concentrated the regiments against us, the Enemy attacked a peaceful country. More than half a million Leningraders participated in the construction of defensive lines. - History of the Siege of Leningrad.pptx

900 days of siege of Leningrad

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September 8, 1941 - January 27, 1944 Blockade of Leningrad. Eternal flame! Non-healing pain! Unfading memory! The eternal symbol of immortality! And a sea of ​​flowers! Hitler was preparing a terrible fate for Leningrad. The city was surrounded and blocked by the Nazis. 900 blockade days. The lowest bread rate was set in the city. 250 grams per worker card 125 grams to employees and dependents. People fell from weakness in the streets. Children and old people were dying at home. Hundreds of families were dying of hunger ... For 900 days not only adults, but also children fought against the enemy. The students sat in coats, hats and mittens. - 900 days of siege of Leningrad.ppt

The road of life

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Monuments of the Road of Life. Vsevolozhsk region during the blockade. Caring for the wounded soldiers was universal and disinterested. The road of life. Flower of Life. On the monument there is an inscription "Let there always be sunshine". The authors of the monument are A. Levenkov and P. Melnikov. The monument was unveiled on October 28, 1968. Rumbolovskaya mountain. They still do not know the most terrible and joyful road on earth. The monument was erected by the workers of the Frunzensky district of Leningrad. The authors of the monument are I.F. Kozlov and V.N. Polukhin. The monument was unveiled in 1967. Katyusha. There is a monument at 17 km of the "Road of Life". The road of Life passed here. Leningrad was saved by the courage of the brave, immortal glory to the fallen heroes. "- The road of life.ppt

Break of the blockade

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900 days and nights. The Great Patriotic War. Battle of Moscow. June 22, 1941. Dawn that walked through the grasses and bushes, They searched the German binoculars. Victims of the blockade great war... Eternal is your feat in the hearts of future generations. There was a city - a front, there was a blockade ... A besieged city. Flour remained for 8 days, cereals - for 9 days. Photo archive. 1941 year. Tanya Savicheva's diary. "The road of life". "Ladoga" (D.P.Bogdanov). In winter, the cars raced in a line And the ice on Ladoga was cracking. They took bread for the northern capital, And Leningrad greeted us happily. The road of life. Eh, Ladoga, dear Ladoga! Blizzards, storms, a formidable wave ... - Break of the blockade.ppt

Battle of Leningrad

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Battle of Leningrad. Leningrad blockade. The enemy attacked a peaceful country. Germany. The clouds rose over the city. 626 km of anti-tank ditches were dug. Townspeople. Badayev warehouses. The beginning of the blockade. Town. Bread dispensing rate. Disasters. The years of the blockade. The road of life. Germans. Snow. Tanya Savicheva's diary. Breakthrough and lifting of the blockade. Decision on the accelerated construction of a railway line. Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad". Medal Awarded Persons. - Battle for Leningrad.ppt

Day of lifting the blockade

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Days of military glory of Russia. January 27 REMOVAL OF THE LENINGRAD BLOCKADE (1944). 900 days 30 months two and a half years. Resilience of the Leningraders who survived the blockade. Losses during the blockade. The general plan, adopted in 1935, provided for complex development in the area of ​​the former outskirts. About 200 historical and architectural monuments were badly damaged. Post-war construction. Even during the blockade, a plan for the restoration of Leningrad was developed. City today. - Day of lifting the blockade.ppt

Day of lifting the blockade of Leningrad

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Dedicated to the day of lifting the blockade of Leningrad ... A. Mityaev. Heroes of the past war will live in our hearts forever. What could be worse than war ?! And happiness breaks people apart, Lovers and friends are separated. September 8, 1941. The beginning of the blockade of Leningrad. Winter 1941-1942. Plumbing and sewerage are frozen. The city is a fortress. Blockade diary. Tanya Savicheva. The road of life. "Dear life" bread came to us, Dear life of many to many. They still do not know the most terrible and joyful road on earth. "One hundred twenty-five blockade grams with fire and blood in half." Olga Bergolts. January 27, 1944. - Day of lifting the blockade of Leningrad.ppt

Children of the blockade

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Children of war. On May 29, 1942, the Central Committee of the Komsomol appealed to all students with an appeal: along with fathers and mothers, to work for the front. Children in the rear: instead of fathers. Children for victory ... Children of the blockade. In the winter of 1941-42. Leningrad was bound by a fierce cold. There was no fuel or electricity. People were dying of hunger right on the streets. Workers received only up to 250 grams of surrogate bread per day, while employees, dependents and children received only 125 grams! "125 grams of blockade ... With fire and blood in half." In Leningrad, 700,000 people died during the blockade. Behind enemy lines ... After a raid by enemy aircraft. Refugees. Children of concentration camps ... - Children of the blockade.ppt

Children of Leningrad

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Children of the besieged Leningrad Hour of Remembrance. Annotation. They remember at what cost the happiness of living on earth was won. As long as hearts are pounding. - Remember! Remember. how the blockade ring was compressed. And only white panamas floated on the water ... Remember Tanya Savicheva's diary. And they worked 14-16 hours a day. The blockade has been broken. As long as hearts are knocking, - Remember! At what price happiness was won - please remember! List of used literature. Berggolts O. Memory. There was a war. Children of the wartime. Unconquered Leningrad. About your feat, Leningrad. Leningrad. - Children of Leningrad.pps

Children in the siege of Leningrad

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Children of the besieged Leningrad. Dedicated to the young defenders of the city on the Neva. Goals. All this is called a blockade. Diary of Tatiana Savicheva. Tanya Savicheva, a 12-year-old from Leningrad, began keeping a diary. The Savichevs were going to spend the summer of 1941 in a village near Gdov. Sister Zhenya died right at the factory. The girl was evacuated to the Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod) region. Today on the road of life there is a monument "Flower of Life". Birches whisper by the road of life. Children were taken away from Leningrad on boats. All the defenders of Leningrad vowed not to surrender. Even in those terrible war days, children went to school and studied. - Children in the siege of Leningrad.ppt

Children of besieged Leningrad

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Children in besieged Leningrad. Cold years, death by starvation ... I managed ... Lyrics of the author. Target research work: Sources: Interview with the blockade woman materials of the school museum literature Internet. Memories of the siege of Tabaricheva Galina Alexandrovna. Galina Aleksandrovna Tabaricheva (Bystrova) was born in Leningrad on April 14, 1931. The initial plans of the fascist invaders to destroy the city. Children during the siege. Not realizing all the danger of such assistance, the children “just played” ... Helping children in the construction of defensive lines. I went voluntarily. Anti-tank ditches were dug under Peterhof. - Children of besieged Leningrad.ppt

Tanya Savicheva's diary

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Blockade diary of Tanya Savicheva. Notebook... Tanya Savicheva. Elder sister Zhenya. Writing with the letter "zh". Grandmother Evdokia. Writing on the letter "b". Brother Leonid (Lyoka). Writing on the letter "l". Record on the letter "v". Mama. Writing on the letter "m". Tanya was the only one left. But what about Tanya. Tanya Savicheva's grave. A monument was erected. A granite monument with a bronze bas-relief. Genuine document. Tanya Savicheva's diary. Myths about Tanya Savicheva. - Diary of Tanya Savicheva.pptx

Heroic Leningrad

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Hero City Leningrad. The heroic defense of Leningrad began on July 10, 1941. September 8, 1941. the 900-day siege of Leningrad began. By December, the city was in ice captivity. Hunger began. But the city lived, the city fought. People died on the way to work, at the machine, at home, and whole families died. Scurvy and dystrophy began. But hungry, exhausted people found the strength to stand at the bench. Schools, libraries, theaters worked. Ice under the wheels, don't let me down, Shackled in the cold. Help lies ahead In a starving city. A column of lights moves for a long time, The shore is closer, And returning, they take away children To a new life. - Heroic Leningrad.ppt

Hero City Leningrad

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Dedicated to the Great Victory! Presentation "Hero City Leningrad". On May 1, 1945, in the order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Leningrad was named the first Hero City. The presentation is dedicated to the upcoming anniversary Great Victory... It was just that the title of "Hero" was not given to cities. Day and night, the Germans bombed and shelled Leningrad. Blockade…. Children crying for bread asked, There is no worse torture like this. The gates of Leningrad were not opened And they did not come out to the city wall. 125 grams of bread for the whole day. People were dying in the streets. The boy in the cap also has medals. There are cities that are richer and happier, There are also quieter, but more beautiful - no! - Hero City Leningrad.pptx

Petersburg is a hero city

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Leningrad is a hero city. Why Leningrad was awarded the title of Hero City. Heroic Defense of Leningrad. Leningrad as one of the first targets of attack. Fierce fighting on the outskirts of Leningrad. Hitler's troops were forced to cease their offensive operations. Almost 900 days. The inhabitants of this city had to, had to die. During the blockade, people experienced terrible hunger. They worked in different ways. A few months after the start of the blockade, people began to die. Leningrad poet Olga Berggolts. Leningrad not only withstood the siege, but also won. 226 people were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. -

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Population: 3.2 million people. Produced 25% of all heavy engineering products and a third of the products of the electrical industry. Active: 333 large industrial enterprises, as well as a large number of factories and factories of local industry and artels. The defense industry accounted for 75% of the products manufactured. Scientific and technical potential: 130 research institutes and design bureaus, 60 higher educational institutions and 106 technical schools.
Pre-war Leningrad

With the capture of Leningrad, the German command could solve a number of important tasks, namely: 1. to take possession of the powerful economic base of the Soviet Union, which before the war gave about 12% of the all-Union industrial output; 2. to capture or destroy the Baltic naval, as well as a huge merchant fleet; 3. to provide the left flank of GA "Center", leading an offensive on Moscow, and 4. to release large forces of GA "North" 4. to consolidate their dominance in the Baltic Sea and to secure the supply of ore from the ports of Norway for the German industry
... The Fuhrer decided to wipe the city of Leningrad off the face of the earth. After the defeat of Soviet Russia, the further existence of this largest settlement does not represent any interest ... From the directive of the chief of staff of the naval forces of Germany No. 1601 of September 22, 1941 "The future of the city of St. Petersburg."
The objectives of the German command.

The evacuation of residents of the city began on June 29, 1941 (the first trains) and was of an organized nature. The first wave of evacuation (29.06.-27.08.1941) During this period, 488,703 people were taken out of the city, of which 219,691 children (395,091 were taken out, but later 175,000 were returned back) and 164,320 workers and employees who were evacuated together with enterprises ... Second wave of evacuation (September 1941-April 1942). About 659 thousand people were taken out of the city, mainly along the "Road of Life" through Lake Ladoga. Third wave of evacuation (May-October 1942). 403 thousand people were taken out. TOTAL during the blockade, 1.5 million people were evacuated from the city. By October 1942, the evacuation was complete.
Evacuation of residents
Evacuation. Leningraders boarding a steamer. 1942 g.
Evacuation of people from besieged Leningrad by trucks along the "Road of Life". 1941 year

From the girl's diary: December 28, 1941. Zhenya died at 12 o'clock in the morning. My grandmother died on January 25, 1942, at 3 pm. Lyoka died on March 17 at 5 am in 1942. Uncle Vasya died on April 13 at 2 am. Uncle Lyosha on May 10 at 4 pm. Mom - May 13 at 730 am 1942. The Savichevs died. All died. Tanya was the only one left.
Tanya Savicheva lived in a Leningrad family. The war began, then the blockade. Before Tanya's eyes, her grandmother, two uncles, mother, brother and sister died. When the evacuation of the children began, the girl was transported along the "Road of Life" to the "mainland". Doctors fought for her life, but health care came too late. Tanya Savicheva died of exhaustion and illness.
Tanya Savicheva's diary

In Leningrad, there was the All-Union Institute of Plant Growing, which possessed and still possesses a gigantic seed fund. Of the entire selection fund of the Leningrad Institute, which contained several tons of unique grain crops, not a single grain was touched. 28 employees of the institute died of hunger, but they preserved materials that could help the post-war restoration of agriculture.
Crop Institute Foundation

The Pavlovsk Palace was destroyed and burned down, in the park of which about 70,000 trees were cut down. The famous Amber Room, presented to Peter I by the King of Prussia, was completely taken out by the Germans, and its fate remained unknown. The now restored Fyodorovsky Sovereign Cathedral has been turned into ruins. Also, during the retreat of the Germans, the Great Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo burned down, in which the Germans set up an infirmary. The cemetery of the Holy Trinity Primorskaya Male Desert, which was considered one of the most beautiful in Europe, was almost completely destroyed, where many Petersburgers were buried, whose names went down in the history of the state.
Damage to cultural monuments
Fedorovsky Sovereign Cathedral.
Great Catherine Palace

On March 19, 1942, the executive committee of the Leningrad City Council adopted a regulation "On personal consumer gardens of workers and their associations", providing for the development of personal consumer gardening both in the city itself and in the suburbs. In addition to the individual gardening proper, subsidiary plots were also created at enterprises.
Organization of subsidiary plots.
Harvesting cabbage at St. Isaac's Cathedral in Leningrad. 1942 year
In total, in the spring of 1942, 633 subsidiary farms and 1468 associations of gardeners were created, the total gross collection from state farms, individual gardening and subsidiary farms in 1942 amounted to 77 thousand tons.
Women cultivate land for a vegetable garden in the square in front of St. Isaac's Cathedral in Leningrad.

Category of population supplied (in grams) Category of population supplied (in grams) Category of population supplied (in grams) Category of population supplied (in grams) Category of population supplied (in grams)
Date of setting the standard Hot shop workers Workers and engineers Employees Dependents Children under 12 years of age
July 16, 1941 1000 800 600 400 400
November 20, 1941 375 250 125 125 125
23 February 1943 700 600 500 400 400
In September 1941, bread was made from a mixture of rye, oatmeal, barley, soy and malt flour, then flaxseed and bran, cotton cake, wallpaper dust, flour gum, and corn and rye flour shaken out of sacks were added to this mixture at different times. To enrich the bread with vitamins and useful microelements, flour from pine bast, birch branches and seeds of wild herbs was added. At the beginning of 1942, hydrocellulose was added to the recipe, which was used to add volume
On February 11, 1942, impurities almost disappeared from the bread. But the main thing is that the supply has become regular, the products on the cards have begun to be issued on time and almost completely. On February 16, for the first time, quality meat was issued - frozen beef and lamb. In the food situation in the city, there has been a turning point.
Blockade rations.

The beginning of the blockade is considered September 8, 1941, when the land communications of Leningrad with the whole country were interrupted. The situation was further complicated by the fact that at the beginning of the war Leningrad was flooded with at least 300,000 refugees from the Baltic republics and neighboring Russian regions. July 17, introduction of ration cards. September 12 - Checking and accounting of all food supplies completed. September 1 - the ban on the free sale of products. September 15 - the first decrease in the norms for issuing cards. October 1941 - residents of the city felt an obvious shortage of food. November 1941 a real famine began in Leningrad. The first cases of loss of consciousness from hunger on the streets and at work, the first cases of death from starvation were noted.
The actual start of the blockade

“Death rules the city. People die and die. Today, as I walked down the street, a man was walking in front of me. He could hardly move his legs. Overtaking him, I involuntarily drew attention to an eerie blue face. I thought to myself: probably, she will soon die. Here it was really possible to say that the seal of death was on the person's face. After a few steps I turned around, stopped, watched him. He sank down on the curbstone, his eyes rolled back, then he slowly began to slide to the ground. When I approached him, he was already dead. People were so weak from hunger that they did not
Victim of dystrophy, which came to be called "Leningrad disease."
resist death. They die as if they are falling asleep. And the surrounding half-dead people do not pay any attention to them. Death has become a phenomenon observed at every step. They got used to it, there was complete indifference: after all, not today - tomorrow such a fate awaits everyone. When you leave the house in the morning, you come across corpses lying in the gateway, on the street. The corpses lie for a long time, as there is no one to remove them. " E. A. Skryabin, Saturday, November 15, 1941

The road of life - during the Great Patriotic War, the only transport route across Lake Ladoga. During navigation periods - on water, in winter - on ice. Connected from September 12, 1941 to March 1943, besieged Leningrad with the country.
The road of life.
GAZ-AA- "Polutorka" raised from the bottom of Lake Ladoga. The main vehicle for transportation along the "road of life".
The tug is driving a barge along Ladoga. September 1942
Trucks are carrying flour to the city on the newly strengthened ice.

The troops of the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts on January 18, 1943 broke through the blockade of Leningrad. Although the military success achieved was rather modest (the width of the corridor connecting the city with the country was only 8-11 kilometers), the political, material, economic and symbolic significance of breaking the blockade cannot be overestimated. V as soon as possible the Polyana - Shlisselburg railway line, a highway and several bridges across the Neva were built; on February 7, the first train from the "mainland" arrived at the Finlyandsky railway station. Already in mid-February, the food supply norms established for other industrial centers of the country began to operate in Leningrad. All this radically improved the position of the residents of the city and the troops of the Leningrad Front.
Operation Spark.
Soviet soldiers are preparing to attack.

On January 14, 1944, the troops of the Leningrad, Volkhov and 2nd Baltic fronts launched the Leningrad-Novgorod strategic offensive operation. By January 20, Soviet troops had achieved significant successes: the formations of the Leningrad Front defeated the Krasnoselsk-Ropsha enemy grouping, and units of the Volkhov Front liberated Novgorod.
On January 27, a salute was fired in Leningrad with twenty-four artillery salvos from three hundred and twenty-four guns in commemoration of the final liberation of the city from the blockade, which lasted 872 days.
Complete lifting of the blockade of Leningrad.

During the years of the blockade, according to various sources, 600 thousand to 1.5 million people died. Only 3% of them died from bombing and shelling; the remaining 97% died of hunger. In 1943 alone, as a result of artillery shelling, more than 1,400 were killed and about 4,600 wounded.
Losses during the blockade.
Memorable sign "Trolley"

All participants in the defense of Leningrad were awarded - both military personnel and civilians.
The badge was awarded to those who lived at least four months in Leningrad during the blockade (from September 8, 1941 to January 27, 1944).
Sign "Inhabitant of the besieged Leningrad"
Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"

By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of May 1, 1945, Leningrad, together with Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa, was named a hero city for the heroism and courage shown by the inhabitants of the city during the blockade. On May 8, 1965, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Hero City of Leningrad was awarded the highest awards of the Soviet era, the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
Leningrad is a hero city.
Medal "Gold Star".
The order of Lenin

Leningraders examine an unexploded and defused German aerial bomb.
The first sled train goes to besieged Leningrad across the ice of Lake Ladoga. November 24, 1941
Children in a bomb shelter during an enemy air raid.
Soldiers of the Leningrad Komsomol fire-fighting regiment of Vasilyevsky Island at the post. 1942 g.

The destroyer of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet "Stoyky" is firing at Hitler's positions. Leningrad. 1943 g.
Residents of frontline villages at the construction of defensive structures. July 1941
Anti-aircraft battery on the University Embankment. 1942 g.
At the water pump installed at the corner of Dzerzhinsky Street and Zagorodny Prospect. 05.02.1942

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summaries of presentations

Leningrad 1941-1944

Slides: 24 Words: 720 Sounds: 0 Effects: 5

The Siege of Leningrad September 8, 1941 - January 27, 1944. The encirclement of Leningrad. City during the Blockade. A.E.Badaeva. From October 1, workers and engineering and technical workers began to receive 400 g of bread per day, all others - 200 g. November came Ladoga began to gradually get covered with ice. By November 17, the ice thickness reached 100 mm, which was not enough to open the movement. Everyone was expecting frost ... Horse carts came out on the ice ... It was Kosygin who organized the movement on the "Road of Life" and settled the differences between the civil and military authorities. K.E. Voroshilov. G.K. Zhukov. A. N. Kosygin. Removal of the blockade. - Leningrad 1941-1944.pptx

Leningrad during the war

Slides: 23 Words: 1818 Sounds: 0 Effects: 140

The whole country, young and old, stood up to defend the Motherland. Millions of people rushed to the front to fight the enemies. Yesterday's schoolchildren, students, workers - all went to the front. Hitler's army rushed to Moscow, sweeping away everything in its path. All Leningraders rose to defend the city. All Leningraders firmly believed that they would win. Olga Bergolts wrote a poem. Dystrophy spread in the city, people fell into hungry faints. They even tried to leave a small piece of bread for a long time. The saleswoman was dispensing bread. The two fingers on the counter did not meet: the guys were in line. People were buried in mass graves. - Leningrad during the war.ppt

The years of the siege of Leningrad

Slides: 23 Words: 1184 Sounds: 4 Effects: 4

Leningrad blockade. Education of patriotism. The content of the lesson. Leningrad. People lived their own lives. The war began. Shells flew. Ominous flames. Fascists. Street side. Residents defended their hometown. Chest to defend Leningrad. Date of the beginning of the blockade of Leningrad. Blockade. Hunger blockade. Death overtook people everywhere. Diary. Creation. Olga Fedorovna Berggolts. The road of life. Front road. Children. Day of military glory. - Years of the Siege of Leningrad.ppt

The time of the siege of Leningrad

Slides: 19 Words: 536 Sounds: 5 Effects: 58

The time of the siege of Leningrad. The homeland is proud of you. The time of the siege of Leningrad. Air raid clearing. Starvation. The worst city siege in the military history of mankind. Leningrad blockade. The city lived and fought. 2 million 544 thousand people. Many children survived. In January 1943, the blockade was broken by Soviet troops. Break of the blockade. Operation. The time of the siege of Leningrad. Through the centuries, through the years - remember. Meet the quivering spring, people of the Earth. Carry your dream through the years and fill it with life. About those who will never come again - I conjure - remember. Piskarevskoe cemetery. - The time of the siege of Leningrad.pptx

Children in the siege of Leningrad

Slides: 29 Words: 1481 Sounds: 2 Effects: 63

Children of the besieged Leningrad. Dedicated to the young defenders of the city on the Neva. Goals. All this is called a blockade. Children in the blockade of Leningrad. Diary of Tatiana Savicheva. Children in the blockade of Leningrad. Tanya Savicheva, a 12-year-old from Leningrad, began keeping a diary. When you read this, you get numb. Children in the blockade of Leningrad. The Savichevs were going to spend the summer of 1941 in a village near Gdov. Sister Zhenya died right at the factory. The girl was evacuated to the Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod) region. Children in the blockade of Leningrad. Today on the road of life there is a monument "Flower of Life". Birches whisper by the road of life. - Children in the siege of Leningrad.ppt

Tanya Savicheva's diary

Slides: 20 Words: 824 Sounds: 0 Effects: 1

Blockade diary of Tanya Savicheva. Notebook. Tanya Savicheva. Elder sister Zhenya. Writing with the letter "zh". Grandmother Evdokia. Writing on the letter "b". Brother Leonid (Lyoka). Writing on the letter "l". Record on the letter "v". Mama. Writing on the letter "m". Tanya was the only one left. But what about Tanya. Tanya Savicheva's grave. A monument was erected. A granite monument with a bronze bas-relief. Genuine document. Tanya Savicheva's diary. Myths about Tanya Savicheva. - Diary of Tanya Savicheva.pptx

Petersburg is a hero city

Slides: 22 Words: 745 Sounds: 0 Effects: 33

Leningrad is a hero city. Why Leningrad was awarded the title of Hero City. Heroic Defense of Leningrad. Leningrad as one of the first targets of attack. Petersburg is a hero city. Fierce fighting on the outskirts of Leningrad. Hitler's troops were forced to cease their offensive operations. Almost 900 days. The inhabitants of this city had to, had to die. During the blockade, people experienced terrible hunger. Petersburg is a hero city. They worked in different ways. A few months after the start of the blockade, people began to die. Leningrad poet Olga Berggolts. Leningrad not only withstood the siege, but also won. -

To children about the blockade of Leningrad The city of Peter is the pride of Russia and the glory, - Having withstood in an unheard-of battle before, The Third Order to you, pinned by the state, On your protective color your gymnast. In history - not the first siege, Not the first hunger, cold and burning smoke; About what the people of Leningrad experienced, Now everyone knows - it was up to them. Again the war, again the blockade, - Maybe we should forget about them? I sometimes hear: “No need, no need to reopen the wounds. After all, it is true that We are tired of stories about the war ... “Many days have passed since then, but Leningraders remember very well each of the 900 days of the blockade, since every day was a battle for life. The Nazis decided to destroy the city, wipe it off the face of the earth, and destroy the Leningraders. By the end of September, the city was blocked by fascist troops. Unable to capture the city, the enemy decided to break our city by blockade, bombing from the air. People sheltered monuments from bombing in order to preserve them. During the blockade, the Nazis fired 150 thousand shells around the city, dropped 5 thousand bombs. 3174 buildings were destroyed and burned by shells and bombs. Our city is covered in snow, buried to the waist. And if you look at the city from the rooftops, Then the streets are like trenches, In which death had time to visit. The moon - glides across the sky lonely, Like a cold tear on the cheek. And dark houses stand without glass, Like people who have lost their eyes. But the fact that our city died - Do not believe! We will not be bent by despair and fear ... And if the enemy bursts into Leningrad, We will tear: The last of the sheets, Only on bandages, But not on the white flag! For a while, schools were still operating. We sat in coats and hats in an unheated classroom, hungry. There was no electricity anymore, in the apartments there were smoking lamps burning - jars of flammable liquid, into which a small wick was inserted. The supply of food and water was very difficult. From November 20, 1941, the norms for bread became very low: workers received 250 grams of bread a day, and children and employees received 125 grams of bread a day. Leningraders lived on such a ration for more than a month. Hunger was coming! People learned to make mustard crumpets, yeast soup, horseradish cutlets, jelly from wood glue. The bread contained all sorts of rubbish and only a little flour. The piece of bread was so small that its weight could not even be felt in the hand. There was no water supply or sewerage system in the city, there was no electricity or fuel, there was no transport. Queue for bread Residents exhausted by hunger, exhausted, lived in cold apartments with broken glass, and in winter it was 41 degrees, for water, they went to the Neva River. The ice track on Lake Ladoga began to operate on November 21, 1941. Cars walked day and night across the ice of the lake and delivered tons of food, weapons, and ammunition to the city. The road has been called “the road of life”. It allowed not only to bring food into the city, but also to take out the sick and children from the city. Dear life, bread came to us, Dear friendship of many to many. They still do not know the most terrible and joyful road on earth. Trucks went on the ice under constant bombardment, so this path was nicknamed "The Road to Death". Sixteen thousand mothers will receive rations at dawn - One hundred twenty-five blockade grams, With fire and blood in half. In besieged Leningrad, Dmitry Shostakovich created the Seventh Symphony, which was named "Leningrad". Leningraders planted vegetable gardens so that they could somehow survive. On January 12, 1943, the troops of the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts went on the offensive. After 6 days of fierce fighting, the blockade ring was broken. And yet the city still remained at the front, the Enemy stood at its walls. Enemy aircraft were still shelling residential buildings. A year later, on January 27, 1944, in honor of the defeat of the fascist troops near Leningrad; a solemn salute sounded over the Neva: 24 volleys from 324 guns. The battle for Leningrad is over. For 900 days Leningraders fought and defended their city. Neither hunger and cold, nor aviation, nor artillery shelling broke the glorious defenders of the city. In the harsh days of the blockade, more than 600 thousand people died of hunger. Many of them are buried at Piskarevskoye - a memorial cemetery. Here are the Leningraders. Here the townspeople are men, women, children. Next to them are soldiers - Red Army men. With all their lives They defended you, Leningrad, Cradle of the revolution. Olga Bergolts.

• Glory to you, great city,
• Merged together the front and rear.
• In unprecedented difficulties
• Which the
• I survived.
• Fought.
• Won.

Thank you for the attention