Electronic key of an individual. How to get an EDS (electronic digital signature). EDS use rules

An electronic digital signature is an analogue of a handwritten signature used in relation to an electronic document. Implementation and use of systems electronic document management in organizations of any form of ownership entails the need to use an EDS to guarantee the authenticity of the transmitted data.

What is an EDS?

EDS is a parameter of an electronic document that has a digital representation. EDS is applicable only in the context of electronic data interchange and can have the same legal significance as a handwritten signature on a paper document, if the conditions guaranteeing the authenticity and reliability of the signed documents are met. The legal force of the digital signature is enshrined in the legislation of the Federal Law No. 1 dated January 10, 2002 and the Federal Law No. 63 dated April 06, 2011, as amended on June 28, 2014.

Both Federal Laws on Electronic Digital Signatures regulate the mechanisms for using electronic signatures when making transactions within the framework of civil law relations, the functioning of state and municipal services.

Significance of EDS

EDS provides a digital analogue of the signature and seal associated with the content of the signed document and used in the organization of electronic data exchange to confirm the authenticity of sent and received documents.

The functioning of the digital signature allows:

to increase the security and confidentiality of electronic document management, to protect the document from counterfeiting;
to give electronic data legal force equivalent to paper documents with a signature and seal;
optimize workflow processes by simplifying and reducing the cost of processing and storing documents;
use a single signature in electronic bidding, upon delivery different types reporting to government and tax authorities, when sighting and working with financial documents;
guarantee the authenticity of electronic documentation;
ensure the possibility of harmonization with international document management systems.

Scope of EDS application

In any area where data exchange is regulated by information technologies:

internal electronic document flow between divisions of one organization, as well as branches;
workflow in interorganizational systems of B2B and B2C class;
access to specialized information resources, for example, systems of the "Client-Bank" class;
transfer of tax and accounting statements to the tax authorities;
reporting to the Pension Fund;
submission of customs declarations;
participation in electronic auctions.

How does EDS work?

The functional use of an EDS allows you to sign an electronic document, check the owner's signature for authenticity, and the content of the signed electronic document for changes after signing.

Signature and authentication are performed based on encryption and decryption keys. The sender, using special software and a key, generates a sequence of characters, which becomes part of the sent data. The recipient uses the same software and decryption key to decrypt the received data and perform a series of checks. If the checks were successful, then the received data is identical to the sent one, i.e. have not been changed after signing. The generated sequence of characters in this process is the electronic digital signature.

To fake such digital signature, you will either need to steal the sender's encryption key, or spend many years sorting through key options until you find a suitable one.

How and where to get an EDS?

So, let's figure out where to get an EDS for an individual and a legal entity. face. EDS key certificates are produced and issued by a specialized organization - a certification center (CA). The CA functions also include user registration, revocation, renewal and termination of key certificates. CA provides the necessary technical support EDS work. For receiving EDS a participant in electronic document management needs to contact any authorized certification center.

The current list of authorized CAs is available on the website of the single EDS portal in Russia.

The procedure for obtaining an electronic digital signature

The procedure for obtaining an EDS involves the following steps:

fill out an application form on the website of the selected certification center or leave an application on the specified phone number and wait for the connection with a specialist - the method depends on the specific CA;
collect all the documents necessary for the issuance of the ES certificate and send copies to the CA. The CA prepares an ES certificate on the basis of a completed application form and a set of documents;
receive an EDS certificate by submitting the originals of the documents.

The production time for key certificates depends on the certification authority, but on average is 3-5 days.

What documents are needed to obtain an EDS?

EDS can be obtained by both a legal entity, regardless of the organization of the form of ownership, and an individual entrepreneur. Individuals can also receive an EDS (for example, to participate in electronic trading).

An electronic digital signature certificate contains information about the owner of the signature, therefore, only the one in whose name this certificate is issued can request and receive an EDS. In other cases, it is necessary to provide a power of attorney for the right to issue and receive an EDS, certified by a notary. The authorized representative, in whose name the power of attorney was issued, provides the passport of the Russian Federation and copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages and the registration page.

Legal entity documents package

A copy of the registration certificate, certified by a notary.
Original or certified copy of an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities. The limitation period for the extract should be no more than 30 days;
Application for the issuance of an EDS (the application form depends on the CA).
A copy of the order on the appointment of the head, if the EDS certificate is made in his name, with the signature and seal of the organization.

If the authority to manage the organization is transferred to another management company or to the manager, then all the documents listed in paragraphs. 1-3 related to the management company.

In addition, it is necessary to attach a notarized copy of the decision of the board of directors on the transfer of powers, if the form of ownership is OJSC or CJSC. If the form of ownership of the organization is LLC, then certified by a notary, copies of the first and second sheets of the charter, a sheet indicating the possibility of transferring control to a third-party organization and a sheet with a mark of the tax authority are provided.

How to get an EDS for an individual entrepreneur: a package of necessary documents

A copy and original of an extract from the USRIP, the limitation period of which is no more than 30 days from the date of issue.
A copy of the TIN certificate, certified by a notary.
A copy of the certificate state registration SP certified by a notary.
Application for the issuance of an EDS.

What documents are needed to obtain an EDS for individuals?

Copy of TIN certificate.
Copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages of the passport of the Russian Federation and the page with registration. The passport of the Russian Federation must be provided when submitting the package of documents.
Application for the issuance of an EDS.

The procedure for obtaining and using an electronic digital signature is simplified with the development of legal culture in this area and the improvement of information technologies. Electronic document flow with the use of EDS no longer causes mistrust both on the part of business partners and on the part of government and tax authorities.

The questions of where to get an electronic digital signature, what is the scope of its use, become a necessary necessity if a business goes international.

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To order

Electronic signature for individuals eliminates the red tape with paper documents. You can skip queues to sign up somewhere and not be afraid of losing an important piece of paper. Electronic documents are not lost or damaged, they are convenient to send and store.

There are three types of electronic signatures: simple, qualified, and unqualified. Unqualified ES for natural person rarely required, but simple is usually used for online shopping and is issued when you register on the site using your username and password.

Below we will tell you about a qualified electronic signature, which is issued only by accredited certification centers. It has legal force and is suitable for solving various problems.

Why do you need a digital signature for an individual

Get a mortgage

Sign an e-mortgage or get a loan without visiting a bank.

Enter university

Apply to the university online. Documents will go to educational institution literally in a minute, safe and sound.

Register an apartment

Draw up a certificate of ownership, register the sale and purchase of a land plot or request information from the USRN.

Sue

File a lawsuit or contact bailiffs using the e-justice system.

Register a company

Work as a freelancer

Sign a contract with your employer without meeting them in person. The agreements become legally binding, and you are guaranteed payment for your services and proof of correctness in disputes with the customer.

Participate in the auction

Work for electronic trading sites, offering their services (creativity, teaching, rental housing.) Or buy out the property of bankrupt enterprises at auctions.

File a divorce

Apply for divorce by mutual consent.

Get a patent

Submit an application on the Rospatent website to register your invention.

You can get a qualified electronic signature at the Tenzor office or our partners in the region. The signature will be done within an hour. Or you can send an online application by attaching scans of documents. The manager will check the application, after which he will invite you to the office to receive the electronic signature. If you do not have time for this, we will deliver the electronic signature by special communication.

What documents are needed to obtain an electronic signature by an individual

Why an electronic signature for an individual is convenient

Easier to request required documents ... You do not need to additionally confirm your identity, go to a government office, adjust to the specialist's work schedule. Everything is done over the Internet from home or office
Savings on notary services... Documents certified by a qualified electronic signature do not need a notary's signature. They have full legal force, are accepted by government agencies and commercial organizations
Cheaper to send, faster to receive... Delivery electronic documents does not require the participation of couriers or Russian Post, even if they are sent to another region. Documents will arrive on time and will not be lost on the way
All the functionality of "Gosuslug"... The owner of a qualified digital signature of an individual gets access to all portal services
Make edits to documents faster... An electronic document is easier to return for revision, it can be quickly corrected and sent back to the recipient. With a paper document, it will take one and a half to two weeks.
Legitimize remote work ... You can compose an electronic labor contract, sign acts and agreements without the need to personally meet with the employer

Electronic signature has already become a mandatory tool for doing business for legal entities. And for individuals, this is a convenient way to interact with government agencies, employers, universities, etc. In what cases will an electronic signature for individuals help save time, and in what cases will it make money?

Electronic signature for personal use

Receive government services via the Internet with a 30% discount

Since 2017, users of the gosuslugi.ru portal have received discounts when paying state fees: government services have become cheaper for both individuals and legal entities. They have become a third cheaper for the most popular services - for example, registration of a car and obtaining a passport. The cost of an electronic signature can be "recouped" for one payment of the state fee.

For example, now the state duty for a new passport for 10 years is 3.5 thousand rubles. If you apply for a passport through the portal of public services, you will receive a discount of more than 1,000 rubles.

More and more opportunities are received by people using a signature (EDS). This and electronic circulation documents, and remote receipt of certificates. A significant part of the functions is convenient only for companies and individual entrepreneurs, but in recent times and EDS has become useful for individuals as well.

What it is?

What is an analogue of a paper signature, the details of the document, with which you can establish and confirm the identity of the owner of the document, as well as establish whether changes were made to the document after the signature was installed. The operation of an electronic digital signature is based on the principle of converting information in a cryptographic way.

There are several terms that every electronic signature holder should know. For an individual, this also matters.

Understanding in terms

Now that we have explained what an EDS is, we need to understand the terms.

An electronic signature certificate is a document confirming the fact that the verification key (public key) of the digital signature belongs to the owner of this certificate. Such a certificate can only be obtained at certification centers (CAs) or at the offices of their trusted representatives.

The owner of the electronic signature certificate is an individual in whose name the EDS certificate was issued by the certification center. Each owner has two electronic signature keys: public and private.

The digital signature verification public key is uniquely associated with the private key. Its purpose is to verify the authenticity of an electronic signature.

The private key is used directly for generating electronic signatures and signing electronic documents. To ensure security, the owner of the certificate must use his private key only personally and not pass it into the hands of third parties.

Advantages

At first, electronic signatures for individuals were used extremely rarely. She found her application in automating and simplifying various business processes, therefore legal entities have long appreciated the convenience of digital signatures. Over time, the scope of EDS application has expanded, and now any citizen can become the owner of such a signature. Russian Federation... What is a digital signature for an individual for? She will allow you to decide whole line tasks and work with multiple platforms.

First of all, its use makes it easier to use. government services on the "Gosuslugi" portal and other state and municipal websites. A citizen gets the opportunity to change and issue a passport, both Russian and foreign; register at the place of stay and place of residence, open an LLC and individual entrepreneur, send tax returns online, receive a TIN, order certificates of debts to the Federal Tax Service.

With the help of an electronic digital signature for an individual on "State Services", you can control the progress of enforcement proceedings, register or deregister vehicles, receive information about traffic fines, check your personal account in the pension fund. This is only a part of the functions available on the portal using an electronic digital signature.

Functions

How to get the?

EDS provides a number of advantages, so how can you get it? First of all, you need to fill in electronic application on the site of the certification center. The CA manager will process the application and send necessary instructions to the specified by you email... The following documents will need to be prepared:

A statement in which you express your desire to receive an electronic digital signature.
SNILS.
The passport.

Individual entrepreneurs

For individual entrepreneurs this list must be supplemented by an individual entrepreneur and an extract from the USRIP.

Issuing a digital signature for an individual usually takes one business day, but the actual information must be specified in the selected certification center.

The certification center reserves the right to require additional documents. If necessary, a complete list will be sent by e-mail.

Types of signatures

There are three types of electronic signatures for individuals. The scope of each of them is different.

A simple electronic digital signature allows, by using passwords, codes and other means, to confirm that the document was formed and signed by a specific person. A simple electronic signature can be used to submit documents to court of Arbitration, for internal and external workflow, for workflow with other individuals. Each document certified with such a signature has the same legal force as a paper counterpart. With the help of such a signature, you can fully use the functions of the Gosuslugi portal, but it is not suitable for filing declarations with regulatory authorities (PFR, FTS, FSS) and for participation in electronic trading.

An enhanced digital signature for an individual (unqualified) works on the principle of cryptographic data transformation. The work uses a private signature key. This digital signature allows not only to determine the identity of the person who signed the document, but also to detect the fact of a change in the document after the moment of the signature.

The third type is an enhanced qualified electronic signature. It differs from unskilled by a higher degree of protection. All cryptographic means of creating and verifying such a digital signature are certified Federal Service security of the Russian Federation. Enhanced Qualified Electronic Signatures can only be obtained from accredited certification authorities.

Legal validity

Some people are concerned that an electronically signed document is not a real document. However, according to Federal Law No. 63 "On Electronic Signatures", such a document, certified by an enhanced or simple digital signature, is equivalent to a similar document certified by a handwritten signature on paper. Nevertheless, there is a condition: participants in electronic interaction must first conclude an agreement.

And what about the enhanced qualified signature? Such a digital signature is analogous not only to a handwritten signature, but also to a print on paper. The regulatory authorities (FSS, PFR, FTS) assign legal force only to documents certified with an enhanced qualified digital signature.

Which certificate should you choose?

There are different types of electronic signatures, and therefore certificates. Participants electronic transmission documents have the right to use any digital signatures, at their discretion and prior agreement, unless otherwise specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

It is necessary to choose one or another type of digital signature depending on the specific tasks that it has to perform. For example, to work with the "Gosuslugi" portal, a simple unqualified signature will be enough, but to transfer reports to the regulatory authorities, an enhanced qualified electronic signature will be required.

It will also be required if the task of electronic document flow between corporations is set. In short, if you only need to confirm the identity of the owner who put the signature, a simple digital signature is enough. If you need confirmation not only of authorship, but also protection against changes and control of the integrity of the document, you will need a qualified electronic signature.

The price of the certificate depends directly on the tasks performed. Of course, an enhanced qualified digital signature can solve many problems, but it is much more expensive than others. Sometimes there are situations where even such a signature cannot help. For example, some operators of electronic document circulation have rules for accepting certificates, according to which they work only with EDS issued by their certification centers. That is why, before issuing a signature, it is necessary to clearly indicate its purpose.

Registration through the MFC

Since 2017, it has become possible to issue an electronic signature key in multifunctional centers throughout the country. This is convenient, because you do not need to contact the certification center, but use the services of the MFC at the place of residence, however, the process of obtaining an EDS will increase and will take ten working days from the date of application.

What is the cost of a digital signature for an individual? It all depends on its purpose. For example, the cost of an EDS that allows you to fully use the portal "Gosuslugi" starts from 500 rubles. This simple digital signature is not suitable for bidding or submitting reports to regulatory authorities; it is issued exclusively to individuals.

EDS for free

It is, of course, impossible to get an electronic digital signature completely free of charge. However, some programs have built-in functions that allow you to establish the authorship of a document. One of these programs is Microsoft Outlook. The signature, which is usually placed at the end of the message, can be copied in a few seconds. Microsoft Outlook offers the ability to digitally sign all emails. So the recipient of the message can always be sure that he is receiving messages from the holder of the digital ID used in the certification. This practically negates the possibility of message falsification.

To sign a message with a digital signature, in the message window, click on the "Options" tab, from there go to the "Permission" group and press the "Sign message" button. If this button is missing, there is another option. Select "Parameters" in the message window, go to the "Additional parameters" group. A dialog box will launch in the lower right corner. In it, you need to click on the item "Security Options", find the line "Add digital signature to the message" and select the checkbox on this parameter. Then click "OK" and close the window.

You can configure the program so that it will digitally sign messages automatically. To do this, select the "Options" item in the "File" tab, and then click on the "Security Control Center" menu. Next, select the "Trust Center Settings" section.

In this menu, find the item and go to the "Encrypted mail" group. Here you need to check the box next to "Add digital signature to outgoing messages".

In multifunctional centers, starting from 2017, you can get an electronic (digital) signature key, issue an EDS to an individual at the MFC easily, the process does not require much time and money.

Since April 6, 2011, throughout Russia, there is a the federal law No. 63 FZ, which regulates the creation and use of such signatures.

It replaced the expired No. 1-FZ. Many people are interested in why an electronic signature is needed and what advantages it gives.

In this review, we will tell you about all the legal and household nuances associated with obtaining, using and recovering signatures.

In the era of the development of cryptography (encryption), experts have created programs whose algorithms generate multi-character complex combinations. To use the system, a bunch of two keys is used - open and closed.

The first user sends to those with whom he plans to exchange confidential data. The second is used by the owner himself. It allows you to send certificates to other people and authenticate official papers.

Both options are software products with an expiration date. Upon completion, replacement is required. This is similar to antivirus licenses that need to be renewed. This limitation ensures the safety of users.

It is so difficult and costly to hack and forge a file that in the overwhelming majority of cases, attackers simply do not have such resources.

The main scope of application is confirmation of the authenticity of documents for various purposes filled in by individuals (private citizens) or legal entities (enterprises and organizations). We are talking about a complete analogue of a personal painting, which has the same legal force in any instance.

Types of EDS and their differences

Let's move on to a more detailed consideration of the point about what electronic signatures are, and how they differ. The first option is a simple email. signature.

It can be used to work on the websites of government services or used for internal affairs of the company related to the signing of orders, resolutions, and correspondence.

The sole purpose is to confirm the actual authorship. This option has no legal force at the state level.

A more advanced version, which has protection that guarantees authenticity and authorship, is called an unqualified electronic signature.

It can be used for internal and external (by mutual agreement) document flow. In the manufacture of such a software product, new generation cryptographic systems are used.

The most effective and legally recognized is a qualified signature, abbreviated as CEP. With its help, you can submit tax returns, work with the Pension Fund website, and participate in auctions.

The level of protection in this case is maximum, because cryptographic systems used for keys are tested by FSB experts and certified by security authorities.

Using a qualified electronic signature, you restrict access to confidential documents, get protection against theft of important information, incl. industrial espionage.

List of documents for obtaining an electronic digital signature

Some users are not aware of what documents are needed to issue an EDS. The fact is that for ordinary people, entrepreneurs and company leaders, the list of required papers will be different.

In the first case, it is enough to write an application, attaching a receipt and a photocopy of the passport, certified by a notary. In the second, it is more difficult:

Order on the appointment of the head of the enterprise (certified copy);
Passport of the applicant (original);
If a third party is submitting an application, a power of attorney is required in his name;
Enterprise charter (certified copy);
Payment statement.

The registration procedure is fast. On average, production takes no more than three days from the date of application. Appeals are always considered in turn, and this happens without a hitch.

Receipt through multifunctional centers

Often, people simply do not know where the accredited service for issuing an EDS is located, and are interested in whether it is possible to obtain an electronic signature through the MFC at the place of residence.

The experts answer that such a possibility really exists. By contacting the center of municipal services, any citizen or representative of a legal entity will be able to receive the keys within ten working days from the date of application. Such services have been provided since 2017.

For registration you need to make an appointment by phone hotline 88005505030 or come to the office to take an electronic queue ticket.

Upon arrival, you will need to write an application according to the sample that will be given to you on the spot. You also need to have a passport, etc. The service is free for the population.

The procedure is extremely simple. First, you register on the website of the certification center, choose the registration service, prepare the above papers, pay for the service in a convenient way (bank, terminal, Visa or MasterCard).

There are several ways to obtain an electronic signature for individuals, and they differ in purpose.

How to make an electronic signature for public services

If you need to use the capabilities of the site gosuslugi.ru, work with portals tax service and Rosreestr, a qualified signature is required. With its help, a citizen can carry out the following operations:

Get or replace a civilian or, TIN;
Request information on income, debts, tax fines and;
Receive electronically;
Check the account in the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
Register or deregister in the city, carry out similar operations with a car;
Apply to a university in another city;
Conclude contracts for remote work;
Participate in the electronic trading system throughout the country;
Register;
Obtain a license, patent.

You can get this type of EDS at certification centers. Cost - 950 rubles. To do this, you need to perform the following set of actions:

Visit the official website of the Scientific Research Center of the Russian Federation and go through the quick registration procedure;
IN personal account indicate where you live and where you would like to receive an EDS;
Clarify for what tasks you plan to use;
Request an invoice and pay it in a convenient way;
Arrive at the pick-up location at the specified time with a package of necessary documents.

Thus, one can easily to make an individual an electronic signature for public services and other tasks related to the official workflow and various designs. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this process, and it will take a little time.

EDS and distribution of powers

Often the signature belongs to a legal entity - more precisely, the head of the company or the owner of the business. But at the same time, all the main "current" tasks are performed by his deputy, head of the legal department or another executive in company.

In this case, a natural question arises - how to issue a power of attorney for the use of an electronic signature by another person? Is such a procedure possible in principle?

Yes, this possibility is provided for and enshrined in law. In accordance with the Regulation on EDS application of 12/27/2012, legal entities have the right to appoint authorized representatives, who, in turn, will use special electronic signatures.

An application with a power of attorney is submitted to the certification center (you can download a sample here). After that, the representative will be issued certificates.

Loss of EDS and procedures related to restoration

Your laptop has been stolen or your hard drive has been damaged beyond repair. What to do in this case, To How to restore an electronic signature in the prescribed manner? If the key is lost, it cannot be restored. You will have to apply for a new one.

The essence is the same as in the initial treatment. There is also no difference in terms of time. You simply repeat the previous procedure. Warn everyone about such changes. Use backup storage media such as portable flash drives to avoid the hassle.

If necessary, you can use the help of specialists who will help you quickly and competently collect all Required documents and issue or restore an electronic digital signature as soon as possible.