My grandmother's New Year's toys presentation. Presentation - The story of a New Year's toy (lesson for children of the middle group of kindergarten). Glass - handmade

During the Patriotic War, on the fronts, Christmas trees were decorated with figures that were made from shoulder straps, bandages, and socks. Toys were also produced, in limited quantities, of course. Decorating a Christmas tree for the New Year was mandatory, this ceremony reminded of a peaceful life and gave strength to hope for a quick victory. "Military" trees were decorated with "soldiers", "tanks", "pistols", "orderlies dogs"; even Santa Claus beat the Nazis on New Year's cards ...

By the age of 19, glass toys had occupied the main niche in the production of festive products. The glassblower was blowing the workpiece through a glass tube heated red-hot on a gas burner. When it reached the desired size, one end was sealed. Then it was cooled, immersed in colored lacquer or silver nitrite, painted by hand, pastes and sparkles were glued on it and a so-called “hat” with a loop was attached.

In the 1980s, the production of serial toys that did not differ in original design ideas continued. Balls of the most varied colors, with silver and gold plating, with glued flowers and stars. "Cones", as if sprinkled with sugar.

Jewelers have created a New Year's toy to decorate the holiday tree. The price of this piece exceeded all expectations. This Christmas tree toy is recognized as the most expensive in the world. A Christmas tree toy, inlaid with rubies and diamonds. The price of this product is in dollars.

On September 18, 2008, a unique, the only Museum of Christmas tree decorations in Russia, “Klinskoye Podvorie”, was opened! "Klinskoe Podvorie" is a Christmas tree toy museum in the Moscow region town of Klin. This museum is young and so far the only one in Russia. The museum is located in a pretty modern tower.

The largest collection of Christmas tree decorations belongs to the American Kim Balashak, who has been living in Moscow for more than ten years. Her collection includes just over 2,500 Soviet Christmas tree decorations. It is Balashak who represents Russia in the international organization of collectors of Christmas tree decorations "Golden Glow".

In the presentation for senior preschool children "The history of Christmas tree decorations" he collected material about the origin and preservation in Russia of the tradition of creating Christmas tree decorations and decorating green beauties with them

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The story of Christmas tree toys The story of Christmas tree toys

New Year's beauty

The first Christmas trees in Russia appeared a very long time ago, but they were not decorated, but began to do so a little later, repeating the European fashion. There were no Russian-made Christmas decorations at that time, they were ordered in Europe. Even then, Christmas tree decorations were clearly divided into decorations for the wealthy and for those who are poorer. Buying a glass toy for a Russian citizen of that time was the same as buying a car for a modern Russian now. Christmas balls were heavy, since they learned to make thin glass only by the beginning of the 20th century.

What kind of toys used to decorate the Christmas tree? Glass Cardboard

Wadded Porcelain

The first glass toys on the territory of Russia began to be made in Klin before the First World War. There artisan craftsmen blew glass products for pharmacies and other needs. But during the war years, the captured Germans taught them how to blow balls and beads. By the way, the Klin factory "Yolochka", by the way, remains the only factory in Russia that makes beads for Christmas trees.

In addition to glass, toys were made of cardboard. Toys glued together from two halves of convex tinted cardboard and wonderful toys were obtained

There were also toys made of cotton wool wound on a wire frame: this is how the figures of children, angels, clowns, sailors were decorated. On the trees they hung fake fruits made of papier-mâché and velvet.

Christmas decorations reflected the history of our country. If it was wartime, then the Christmas tree decorations were made by such airplanes for soldiers, various combat vehicles. They even painted military battles on the balls.

When peacetime came, the toys immediately turned into magical fakirs of Fairy-tale characters

In houses and Christmas trees In animals

Into the stars Into fruits and vegetables

And, of course, many colorful balloons!

Christmas tree of your dads and moms, grandfathers and grandmothers

Now the Christmas tree is most often decorated with balls

And DIY toys

And Christmas trees are now unusual From balls

Christmas tree growing from the ceiling

The Christmas tree is all in lanterns

Christmas tree made of ties Christmas tree made of pencils

But the most beautiful Christmas tree, which is decorated with different toys!

Guys, love, store, appreciate and take care of toys! It's so wonderful when we are all surrounded by BEAUTY!

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(lesson for children of the middle group of kindergarten) Author Usinova Irina Agverdievna
2016
"The story of a New Year's toy."

Slide 2

goal: To acquaint children with the history of the appearance of a Christmas tree toy. Objectives: to educate children about what they used to decorate the Christmas tree before the advent of toys, who makes glass toys. develop dialogical speech, teach to answer questions with versatile sentences. Activate the dictionary (glass blower, glass, fragile, garland, tinsel, beads). cultivate curiosity, interest in toys from different times. to form the notion that toys are beating, it is necessary to handle them carefully. Materials: Christmas tree decorations, stencils "snowflake", "bell", "Christmas tree" scissors, glue, glue brush, ribbon, presentation "The story of a New Year's toy", CD with recording of New Year's melody music. snowman costume. Preliminary work: Reading poems about a Christmas tree and toys. Conversation about the New Year, a Christmas tree and a Christmas tree decoration. Drawing toys on a stencil, coloring. Creation of a mini museum "Christmas toys"

Slide 3

Course of the lesson 1. Organizational part.
The teacher conducts a word game (poems by E. Blaginina): There is one game for you: I'll start the poem now. I'll start and you finish! Answer in chorus. It's snowing in the yard, Soon a holiday ... (New Year). The needles glow softly, The coniferous spirit comes from ... (Christmas tree). The branches rustle faintly. The beads are bright ... (are on). And toys are swinging - Flags, stars ... (crackers). Educator: guys, soon there will be a fun holiday, what is it called? Children: "New Year!" Educator: Of course, well, what is the New Year without a tree? Educator: So the tree did not appear here by chance, but it seems to me that something is missing from it.
(A New Year's melody sounds; children enter the group).

Slide 4

Children: toys, jewelry. Educator: of course, we need to decorate the Christmas tree for the holiday. Educator: Guys, who is behind the Christmas tree? (The snowman comes out) Snowman: Hello, guys and adults. Educator: Hello snowman. Snowman: I came to you and the fairy forest for help. We have a beautiful Christmas tree in the forest, but we do not know how to decorate it, but I and the forest dwellers really want to decorate a Christmas tree for the holiday. Educator: Don't waste your snowman, the guys and I will help you.
Snowman: what do these toys look like?
Educator: Let's go with the guys to our museum, and you will see everything for yourself. (They look at toys, children recognize their own and talk about them.)
Educator: oh, do you know how Christmas tree toys appeared? Let us see our film about it. (Children sit on high chairs.) Slide show about the history of the Christmas tree decoration.

Slide 5

Slide 1: Educator: guys, do you know, that then there were no such beautiful decorations on the Christmas tree. It was decorated with what they could do themselves. And for this they baked gingerbread cookies, cookies, hung them on the Christmas tree and fruits (apples). And they also collected cones in the forest, gilded them and decorated the branches of the Christmas tree with them. And instead of garlands, real candles were put on the tree, and they were lit only on a holiday.

Slide 6

Slide 2: this is how many years ago the whole family gathered in the living room on New Year's Eve to decorate the Christmas tree. I think that now your whole family is preparing for this wonderful holiday.

Slide 7

Slide 3: a little more time passed and the toys were blown out of glass. And in our time, master glassblowers create real miracles. This is how glass toys appear: balls, animals, various objects, and images of people. And clever artists turn them into real works of art with their brushes.

Slide 8

Slide 4: Time changes, toys also change During the Second World War, Christmas tree decorations were produced: soldiers, tanks, pistols, dogs - orderlies. After the war, peaceful toys began to be produced: characters from fairy tales, Christmas tree hockey players, various animals. In the 50s, there was a fashion for glass beads, after the movie "Carnival Night" there were toys watches. In the exploration of space by mankind, there appeared: toys - satellites, astronauts, rockets, balls with paintings on a space theme. Nowadays, the design of toys has become more diverse: cones, pyramids, icicles, bells. Then they began to produce toys on clothespins.

Slide 9

Slide 5: With each era, unique toys were created. Homemade Christmas tree decorations were all the rage.

Slide 10

Slide 6: since ancient times, there has been a tradition to decorate the top of a Christmas tree with a star. In the 90s, many toys with the symbol of the coming year appeared. Today in the production of Christmas tree decorations there are: hand-painted balls, landscapes, paintings of the Russian winter, symbols.
Here's a story about a Christmas tree toy.

Slide 11

Now let's warm up. (Physical minute). "Herringbone" Waiting for a prickly beauty - drawing a Christmas tree with their hands In every house in December - making a house with their palms Lanterns will be lit on the branches - showing lanterns Sparks will splash in silver - hands overhead Immediately it will be festive in the house - fingers are protruding A round dance will spin - hold hands in a round dance Santa Claus is in a hurry with gifts - walking in a circle with a bag of imagination on his shoulder New Year is coming! - waving their hands above.
Snowman: oh, how interesting it is here, I learned so much about toys that I wanted to decorate our Christmas tree even more. Educator: guys, let's help the snowman and make toys with our own hands .. (to the New Year's melody, children do the work on their own) Children come to the tables. A choice of stencils are taken from the "snowflake", "herringbone", "bell". They circle the stencil and cut out figures of New Year's toys. Then they make a small hole and stretch the ribbon so that you can hang the toys on the tree. Decorate the Christmas tree. Snowman: Thank you so much guys. Well, it's time for me to go back, get ready for the holiday. Educator: come to us next year, the guys and I will teach you how to make other Christmas tree decorations. Say goodbye to the snowman. Thank you for your attention!

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Slide captions:

story of Christmas toys

How Christmas tree decorations appeared In the distant past, all Christmas tree decorations were edible - waffle and sugar figurines, nuts, fruits and vegetables, sweets.

How Christmas tree decorations came into being. Toys were also made from rags, straw and colored ribbons.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared In the 18th century, colorful paper flowers and angels appeared. They gilded nuts and cones, painted eggshells, weaved chains.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared At the beginning of the 20th century, Christmas trees were decorated with cotton toys and paper garlands. Cotton toys were made of twisted pressed cotton, which was wound on skeletal frames in the form of animals and people. The painted blanks were covered with starch paste with mica, which made them hard and slightly shiny.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared By the middle of the 20th century, the assortment of Christmas tree decorations had become very rich, although they were made from less efficient materials than today. But a lot of imagination was put into them. Various birds and animals were stamped from silvered cardboard.

How Christmas tree decorations appeared In the second half of the 20th century, the first Christmas balls were made from transparent or colored glass in Russia. Silver and gold dust was used to paint Christmas tree decorations. Each toy was handcrafted.

How Christmas tree decorations came to be The fantasy of glassblowers knew no bounds: they made birds, Santa Clauses, grape bunches, as well as all sorts of things - whoever comes to mind: jugs, pipes, in which you could even play a pipe. Christmas tree decorations changed according to fashion.

How Christmas tree decorations came to be Produced toys depicting technology

How did Christmas tree decorations appear in the form of vegetables and fruits?

How Christmas tree decorations appeared in the form of space satellites and astronauts

How did the Christmas tree decorations appear in the form of Santa Claus and the Snow Maiden?

On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes

The story of the Christmas toy

This presentation is intended for students in grades 3-4. It shows in detail the process of making Christmas tree decorations, many photographs were used ...

Christmas toy "Ball" (stage-by-stage drawing)

Stage-by-stage drawing of the New Year's toy "Ball". A resource for art lessons and extracurricular activities. This resource can be used for individual, group and collective work ....

Slide 1

Performed by a student of the 11th grade of the secondary school No. 2 of Pechora, Kaneva Maria
History of Soviet New Year's toys.

Slide 2

A little bit from the history of the New Year in the USSR ...
At the dawn of the formation of the Soviet Union (in 1927), as part of an anti-religious campaign, the Bolsheviks banned the Christmas tree and Christmas tree decorations. "Only those who are a friend of the priests are ready to celebrate the Christmas tree." (Campaign slogan of the 1920s) “The guys are deceiving that Santa Claus brought them gifts. The guys' religiousness begins with the Christmas tree. The ruling exploiting classes use the "cute" Christmas tree and the "kind" Santa Claus in order to make obedient and patient servants of capital out of the working people. " ("Materials for anti-religious propaganda on Christmas days", 1927)

Slide 3

The New Year traditions returned only in 1935. From a letter from Pavel Postyshev, candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), published by the Pravda newspaper on December 28, 1935: “In pre-revolutionary times, the bourgeoisie and bourgeois officials always arranged a New Year tree for their children. Children of workers with envy through the window looked at the Christmas tree sparkling with colorful lights and the children of the wealthy having fun around it. Why do we have schools, orphanages, nurseries, children's clubs, palaces of pioneers depriving the children of the working people of the Soviet country of this wonderful pleasure? Some, not otherwise than "leftist" bendingists, denounced this children's entertainment as a bourgeois venture. Follow this misjudgment of the tree, which is great fun for children, to end. Let's organize a merry New Year party for children, arrange a good Soviet Christmas tree in all cities and collective farms. "

Slide 4

That same year, in November, at the first congress of the Stakhanovites, Stalin said his famous phrase: "Life has become better, life has become more fun, comrades!" In general, the tree, which was so unexpectedly allowed, became a confirmation of the happy life of the proletariat, a joyful childhood, as well as school uniforms (girls began to wear white aprons and brown dresses to school, and boys began to wear blue suits) and many other seemingly insignificant details ...

Slide 5

Soviet New Year's toys.
In the 1930s and 1940s, Christmas trees were decorated with homemade or handicraft toys purchased from the market. In schools and kindergartens, children learned how to make New Year's decorations from cotton wool, cardboard, papier-mâché, cut paper garlands, assemble structures from tubes and glass beads on a wire.

Slide 6

Factory jewelry at that time was a luxury item and a great rarity, but their serial production was gradually getting better. One of the first to set up the serial production of New Year's toys from wire was the Moskabel plant.

Slide 7

Using New Year's toys from the times of the USSR, you can literally study the history of our country. Figures of children, fairy-tale characters, clowns, ballerinas, outlandish birds and animals, fruits and vegetables, of course, are from pre-revolutionary times.
But angels were replaced by bright symbols of the Soviet era: balls with a hammer and sickle, "ruby" stars, athletes and pioneers with red flags, Budenovites, Red Army men, women in quilted jackets and scarlet kerchiefs.

Slide 8

In addition to the patriotic propaganda symbolism, “classic stories” from the school curriculum were very popular: Ivan Tsarevich, the Mistress of the Copper Mountain, Ruslan and Lyudmila, brother Rabbit and brother Fox, Little Red Riding Hood, Puss in Boots, Crocodile with Totosha and Kokosha, doctor Aibolit.

Slide 9

With the release of the film "Circus" (in 1936), figures on circus themes became popular: clowns, tigers, trained dogs, other animals, illusionists, fakirs and entertainers.

Slide 10

The exploration of the North was marked by the appearance of figurines of polar explorers.
A separate theme in the history of Soviet New Year's toys is the theme of the war in Spain. In 1938, a glass ball was released with two planes, one of which dives the other.

Slide 11

The era of aeronautics also found its worthy reflection in Christmas tree decorations in the form of airships, airplanes, parachutes and parachutists with the inscription "USSR".

Slide 12

In Soviet times, the "image" of the Soviet Father Frost was also developed. Our Santa Claus began to resemble bourgeois Santa Claus only with a gray beard, fur clothes and a red bag with gifts. Otherwise, the Soviet Santa Claus does not look like a plump gnome, he is a tall, mature hero. Santa Claus's fur coat, unlike Santa Claus, goes down to his toes, is girded not with a belt, but with a sash. Santa Claus has a hat on his head with an even edge without any tassels and pompons. Hands - in huge mittens, and on the legs - either red boots or "patriotic" felt boots.
Yes, and Santa Claus arrives not on reindeer, but on a Russian troika ... Moreover, not alone, but with a charming young lady - the Snow Maiden, which has no analogues in any country.

Slide 13

During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), decorating the Christmas tree was mandatory - it reminded the soldiers of a peaceful life, gave strength and hope for a quick victory. At the same time, on the fronts, the trees were decorated with figures that were made from shoulder straps, bandages, socks. Factories also continued to produce New Year's toys, albeit in limited editions. "Military" trees were decorated with "soldiers", "tanks", "Stalinist armored cars", "pistols", "orderlies dogs", and on New Year's greeting cards from the Second World War, Santa Claus beat the Nazis ...