Today the tower crane market is overflowing with a wide variety of offers. Among them are equipment from Russian, Chinese and European manufacturers. All models have their own operating characteristics. A wide range of lifting capacity and other characteristics allows you to choose a specific tower crane to perform certain manipulations. Let's consider the main features of cranes made in Russia and abroad.

Russian manufacturers of tower cranes

JSC "Rzhevsky Crane Building Plant". This is one of the largest domestic manufacturers construction equipment... Among the most famous models of the plant are KB-473 and KB-474. Tower crane KB-473 has a lifting capacity of 8 tons and, as a rule, is used in the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete structures of increased number of storeys (up to 162 meters). This technique has a part-turn tower and a full-turn beam-type boom with an outreach of 35-50 meters. Tower crane KB-474 is considered the highest model of domestic production. The lifting height of loads reaches 222 meters. This tower crane is designed to perform work in the construction of high-rise buildings with a mass of mounted elements up to 8 tons.

CJSC "Mashstroyindustriya".It is a young company that has united 6 factories for the production of machinery and equipment. Among the most popular models is the KB-515 rail-mounted tower crane. It has a lifting capacity of 10 tons and a boom reach of up to 50 meters. This technique can lift loads to a height of 96 meters. The company also offers the KB-415-07 model for zero cycle work. The depth of lowering the load reaches 5 meters, so such a crane can be used for excavation works.

In addition to the noted manufacturers of tower cranes, the market also contains products from such companies as OJSC Ukhta Mechanical Plant (models KB-411, KB-504.08, KSSM-401UHL), CJSC Russian Crane Plant (models RBK-5.60, KB-415 , KB-404.4, KB-411-04 and KB-411-05), JSC "St. Petersburg Mechanical Plant" (model KB-503B).

Overseas tower crane manufacturers

Liebherr. It is a German company that offers 7 series of tower cranes. They all have different purposes and specifications, these also include cranes with remote control... For urban use, the company offers tower cranes on the MK series truck chassis.

Potain... This is a French company that is represented on the Russian market by two series of cranes. These include MD series foundation cranes for overlapping work areas and HD series compact hydraulic self-erecting cranes for tight spaces. The carrying capacity of the proposed equipment ranges from 6 to 12 tons, the height is 75 meters (with a fastener to the building - more than 200 meters), the boom reach is 60 meters.

Comedil TEREX. On the Russian market this company presents its latest tower crane model - CTT Flat Top. She gained popularity among American and European construction companies... The company offers 21 modifications of this crane model, so it is suitable for solving a number of tasks in the construction of buildings. The carrying capacity of such equipment depends on the modification and ranges from 2.5 to 40 tons. The height of the crane is 18-106 meters (with a fastener to the building - up to 285 meters), and the boom reach is 41-85 meters.

In addition to these companies, the Russian market also features products from such foreign manufacturers as IHI, Ogawa, Jaso, PPM, Linden-Comansa, Raimondi and Zeppelin.

KB-403 is considered one of the most popular Russian tower construction cranes on the market. KB-403, KB-403A, KB-403B were produced at several factories: Nyazepetrovskiy, PO Stroymash, Karacharovskiy, Stroy Tekhnika. It is used for the construction of 55 meter high-rise buildings, the carrying capacity of KB-403 is 8 tons and has a boom of 30 meters. Crane-403 is a self-erecting mobile crane on a rail track. High quality and low cost make KB-403 a crane in demand among large developers in Russia and the CIS (in particular, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan). Our company has KB-403 (A, B) tower cranes in operation (second-hand from facilities - 1990 to 2012 of release) in excellent condition and in a complete set. You can buy a KB-403 tower crane in our company at a bargain price and with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine). Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and special prices.

Tower crane KB-408

KB-408.21 is a tower crane of the KB-408 series, one of the most successful models of the KB series cranes. Produced by KB-408 Nyazepetrovsk crane construction plant, mechanical plant "Remstroymash" of the USSR Ministry of Industry and Construction, PO "Stroymash", OJSC "PO Usolmash". KB-408 is used for the construction of houses, buildings with a height of up to 57.8 and a carrying capacity of up to 10 tons. According to the presence of KB-408 from 1990 to 2018 from the object and in a complete set. You can buy used KB-408 in our company at the best prices and with delivery in Russia and the CIS countries (special conditions for the purchase of a tower crane of the KB-408 series for Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Ukraine).

Tower crane KB-405

The KB-405 tower crane was manufactured at the Rzhevsky Crane Building Plant. The KB-405 crane belongs to the fourth group of tower cranes. It is used for the construction of buildings up to 58 meters high and with a carrying capacity of up to 10 tons. The KB-405 crane is mobile, self-erecting and rail mounted. Second-hand cranes KB-405 are available in excellent condition and in a complete set. Tower crane KB-405 can be bought in our company at a special price and with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and price.

Tower crane KBM-401P

The KBM-401P tower crane was produced by two manufacturers: JSC Mogilev Plant STROMMASHINA, RB and JSC Rzhevsky Crane Building Plant, RF. The KBM-401P crane is modular, rail mounted and has 39 designs. Two types of boom (beam or lifting). Designed for the construction of high-rise buildings up to 74 meters, carrying capacity up to 10 tons. Used cranes KBM-401P (all versions) in excellent condition and complete set. You can buy a KBM-401P tower crane in our company at a special price and with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and price.

Tower crane KB-415

Tower crane KB-415 was produced by the Moscow Crane Building Plant "Severyanin" (CJSC "BAKRA"); JSC "Mashstroyindustriya", Russian Crane Plant (JSC "RusKran"). The KB-415 crane is designed for construction at heights of up to 83 meters and a lifting capacity of up to 12 tons. We have KB-415 cranes in excellent condition and complete. Tower crane KB-415 can be bought in our company with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and price.

Tower crane KB-473

Tower crane KB-473 is one of the most popular models of tower cranes of the KB series. Produced at the Rzhevsky Crane Building Plant. It is used for the construction of high-storey buildings with a height of 42.4 to 162.4 meters and a carrying capacity of up to 8 tons. All KB-473 cranes are in excellent condition and complete. Tower crane KB-473 can be purchased with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, performance, delivery and price.

Tower crane KB-515

Tower crane KB-515 was produced at the Odintsovo Mechanical Plant. It is used for the construction of structures, buildings with a height of 95 meters and a carrying capacity of up to 10 tons. The KB-515 bottom-slewing crane has a beam boom up to 50 meters long. All KB-515 cranes are in excellent condition and complete. Tower crane KB-515 can be purchased with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, performance, delivery and price.

Tower crane KB-308

The KB-308 tower crane was produced by the Nikopol Crane Building Plant. Belongs to the 3rd size group. The KB-308 crane is designed for the construction of buildings up to 12 floors or up to 36 meters, lifting capacity up to 8 tons. Tower crane KB-308 is completed with the following components: boom, chassis, tower, turntable, counterweight, control cabin, hook suspension, mounting stand, pull rod. All KB-308 cranes are in excellent condition and complete. Tower crane KB-308 can be purchased with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and price.

Tower crane KB-309

The KB-309 tower crane was produced by the Ukhta Mechanical Plant of the Ministry of Construction of the Ministry of Construction. The KB-309 crane is designed for the construction of structures or buildings up to 37 meters, lifting capacity up to 8 tons. All KB-309 cranes are in excellent condition and complete. Tower crane KB-309 can be purchased with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Check with our specialists for a full consultation on availability, delivery and price.

We sell the most popular tower crane models. Used tower cranes: KB-403 crane, KB-405 crane, KB-401P crane, KB-408 crane, KB-415 crane, KB-404 crane, KB-406 crane, KB-308 crane, KB crane -309, KB-515 crane, KB-572 crane, KB-585 crane, KB-586 crane. All KB tower cranes are in working order and complete. You can buy tower cranes in our company with delivery in Moscow and St. Petersburg, throughout Russia and the CIS countries.

Tower cranes details

TO Category:

Construction cranes

Tower cranes details

Tower cranes are one of the most common types of hoisting machines used in civil and industrial construction. The crane consists of a supporting structure, a tower, a boom, a counterweight console, a slewing support, a cabin with control devices, a cargo and boom chain hoists, various mechanisms (lifting cargo, turning and changing the boom reach, crane movement).

The movement of cranes is carried out mainly on rail tracks. Power supply of tower cranes is carried out from the alternating current network, control - by one driver.

The advantages of tower cranes in comparison with other types of cranes are as follows: the location of the crane jibs at a high height, as a result of which they do not cross the structure of the object being mounted; the possibility of servicing from one parking lot one or several mounted objects (spans), as well as assembly and storage sites; ease of movement of cranes along crane runways; good overview crane operator of the installation area. Tower cranes are simple and reliable in operation.

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Among the disadvantages of many models of tower cranes are the considerable duration and high labor intensity of installation, dismantling, relocation of cranes and the device of crane runways. The one-time costs of these operations reach 30-40% of the total cost of operating the cranes. In the new models of cranes, a number of design solutions are provided (block installation, self-lifting, etc.), which reduce operating costs and the time required to prepare machines for work.

Currently, the tower cranes of a single unified series of the KB series are being mastered. Models KB-16, KB-60, KB-100.0, KB-100.1, KB-100.OM, KB-160, KB-160.1 / M, KB-160.2 and KB-160.4 are mass-produced.

The variety of known models of tower cranes from the point of view of their effective solutions and related technological capabilities. CONS The use of cranes in the construction industry is characterized by the following four groups of factors (Fig. 119): 1) the nature of the change in ° СН ° of lifting capacity and hook lifting height depending on from the boom; the construction of the crane structure; 3) the way the cranes are moved; 4) by the method of their installation and dismantling.

For the convenience of choosing a crane, all 71 models are divided according to the lifting capacity of 3 groups: 1) cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 5 tons with a lifting moment of up to 150 tm 2) cranes with a lifting capacity of 7-10 tons with a lifting moment of up to 110 tm \ 3) cranes with a lifting capacity of 20-75 g with load moment up to 1425 tm.

Tower cranes with a lifting capacity of 1.5-5 t

The group of tower cranes with a lifting capacity from 1.5 to 5 tons is the most numerous, since until recently these cranes mainly provided installation and handling operations in civil construction and in a number of industrial construction industries. With the increasing industrialization of construction and the increase in the weight and size of the mounting elements, the scope of these cranes has significantly narrowed. They are used in agricultural and some types of housing and civil construction.

This group includes a significant number of cranes in which the lifting capacity and lifting height of the hook change smoothly with a change in the boom reach (models BKSM -5, KB-60, BK-215, BKSM -5M, S-390, BK-3, SBK -1M and etc.). Cranes BKSM -5-5A, M-3-5-5, BKSM -5-10, M-3-5-10, BKSM -14, BKSM - 14M have a constant hook lifting height; their arrows can also be installed at an angle with the fastening of the cargo trolley; the reach of the boom remains constant.

The nature of the crane structure in the models of this group is also very diverse: there are cranes with a horizontal boom and one cargo trolley (models BKSM -5-5A, BKSM -14, BKSM -14M, etc.); cranes with a lifting shunting boom (with a mechanical change in outreach; models BKSM-5, BK-215, KB-60, KB-100.0, S-390, etc.); cranes with non-maneuvering jib (with installation change of the outreach; models BKSM -1M, BKSM -4M, etc.). Cranes with a lifting capacity of 1.5-5 tons have lattice booms.

Most of the previously produced cranes in this group have a fixed tower with an overhead counterweight. More progressive are cranes with a slewing tower (models BK-215, S-390, BK-370, MSK-5-20, all cranes of the KB series, etc.). Their counterweight is located at the bottom. The cranes of this group, with the exception of the BKSM-14P crane, do not have a portal that allows the passage of a train. The BKSM-5-10 and BKSM-14M cranes have a variable height (due to the telescopic structure of the tower). Most cranes have a lattice tower structure; solid tubular tower - only for MBTK-80, KB-100.1 cranes.

The cranes of this group are self-propelled and move along two-rail tracks on four-bearing bogies. The BGK-3/5 crane is installed on a crawler bogie. A number of crawler cranes have a tower-boom design. There are also truck-mounted tower cranes and pneumatic-wheeled tower-boom cranes *.

Most of the previously released cranes with a lifting capacity of 1.5-5 tons are not self-erecting and are transported with full or partial disassembly (BKSM-5, M-3-5-10, BKSM -14, etc.). Self-erecting cranes of the latest releases (BK-215, MSK-5-20, MBTK-80, KB-60, KB-100.0, etc.) are transported fully assembled or partially disassembled.

The lifting moment of the cranes is 7.5-150 tm, the lifting height of the hook is up to 54.5 m. The track gauge of these cranes is from 2.5 to 8 m.

Rice. 1. Tower crane BKSM -Ya

Rice. 2. Tower crane BKSH -22.5

Rice. 3. Tower crane BK-3-1.5.

Rice. 4. Tower crane BKSM -5-3.

Rice. 5. Tower cranes BK-215, BK-215A.

Rice. 6. Tower crane BKSM -5M.

Rice. 7.Mounted crane C-390.

Rice. 8. Tower cranes BK-3-318 and BK-3-187.

Rice. 9. Tower crane BK-3.

Rice. 10. Tower crane SBK -1M.

Rice. 11. Tower crane-loader BKSM-5P.

For tower cranes М-3-5-5 and КТС -3-5, the lifting height of the hook is constant and No. 21 m. When the boom is raised with an outreach of 16 m, the lifting height of the crane hook is constant.

Rice. 12. Tower crane М-3-5-5.

Rice. 13. Tower crane KB-60.

Rice. 14. Schedule of changing the lifting capacity and lifting height of the hook of the tower crane M-3-5-10.

Rice. 15. Tower cranes S-419 and S-419M.

Rice. 16. Tower crane MBTK-80.

Rice. 17. Tower crane BKSM -5-5A.

Rice. 18. Tower crane CIWK -5.

Rice. 19. Tower crane T-223.

Rice. 20. Tower crane KB-100.1.

Rice. 21. Tower cranes KB-160.8 and KB-100.0M.

Rice. 22. Tower crane T-226E.

At the BKSM-5-5A crane, the lifting height of the hook with the raised boom g with an outreach of 11 m is 39 m.

For the T-223 crane, the lifting height of the hook with the boom raised with an outreach of 10 m is 60 m.

Rice. 23. Tower crane BK-370.

Rice. 24. Tower crane MSK -5-20

Rice. 25. Tower crane BKSM -5-10.

Rice. 26. Tower crane T-226.

Rice. 27. Tower crane T-227.

Rice. 28. Tower crane BK-5-248.

Rice. 29. Tower crane MSK-100.

Rice. 30. Tower park BKSM -14.

Rice. 31. Tower crane BKSM -14M.

Tower cranes with lifting capacity of 7-10 t

The group of tower cranes with a lifting capacity of 7-10 tons is most widely used in housing and civil construction. A number of crane models of this group are used in the installation of unified sections of industrial workshops, multi-storey buildings of factories

radio engineering, electronic and other industries, as well as in the construction of detached special structures of large industrial complexes... Cranes of this group are also included in kits together with cranes of large lifting capacity (25-75 g) and are used as specialized machines for the installation of relatively light enclosing and other structures of industrial structures, where the use of heavy cranes is economically impractical. These cranes are widely used in loading and unloading operations.

The nature of the change in the lifting capacity and the lifting height of the hook, depending on the boom reach, for cranes of this group is distinguished by a significant variety. For example, for cranes M-3-5-5G1, BTK-100, the lifting capacity and lifting height change smoothly; for BTK-5/8, KTS-5-10R cranes, the lifting capacity changes in steps at a constant hook lifting height; cranes MSK -7.5 / 20, BKSM -5-5B, KB-160, MSK -8-20, KB-160-1 / M have constant lifting capacity.

By the nature of the crane structure, the models of this group can be divided into cranes with a horizontal boom and a load trolley (BTK-5/8, KTS -5-10R, BKSM -5-5B, BKSM -8-5) and cranes with a lifting shunting boom ( MBTK -75, BTK -100, etc.). The boom design is lattice.

The BTK-5/8, MBTK -75, BTK-100, KB-160-1 / M cranes are distinguished by the presence of a rotary tower of a solid tubular structure and a lower counterweight arrangement; models MSK -7.5 / 20, KB-160, MSK-8/20 have a rotary lattice tower with a lower counterweight. All cranes of this group (with the exception of the M-3-5-5P model) do not have a portal that allows the passage of a train.

Self-propelled cranes move along two-rail tracks on four-support I bogies, except for BTK-YuO and BTK-5/8 cranes, which have three-bearing bogies.

Most of the cranes in this group are non-self-erecting, transported with full or partial disassembly.

Load moment of cranes 84-110 tm; hook lifting height - up to 65 m; track width 4.5-9 m.

Rice. 32. Tower crane S-419U.

Rice. 33. Tower crane MSK -7.5 / 20.

Rice. 34. Tower crane BKSM -8-5

Rice. 35. Tower crane BTK -5/8.

Rice. 36. Tower crane KB-160.2.

Rice. 37. Tower crane MBTK-75.

Rice. 38. Tower crane BKSM -5-5B.

Rice. 39. Tower crane MSK -8-20.

Rice. 40. Tower crane КТС -5-10Р.

The lifting capacity of the BKSM-8-5 crane is constant with a boom outreach from 4.5 to '3.7 m (8 t) and with an outreach from 13.7 to 22 m (5 t). The lifting height of the hook with the boom raised with an outreach of 11 m is 39 m.

Tower crane BTK-5/8 has a constant lifting capacity with an outreach of 4.5-18 m (8 t) and with an outreach of 18-30 m (5 t). The lifting height of the hook with the boom raised with a reach of 21 m is 54.5 m.

Tower crane KB-160.2 can be equipped with a jib (KB-160.4). The lifting capacity of a crane with a jib with an outreach of 13 m is 3 t, with an outreach of 25 m - 2 t; the lifting height of the hook is 66.5 and 59.5 m, respectively.

The retractable tower of the KTC-5-I0P crane can be adjusted in height in two positions. In the first position of the tower, the lifting height of the hook with the horizontal position of the boom is 13 m; when the boom is installed at an angle with an outreach of 17.5 m, the lifting height of the hook is 26 m, the lifting capacity is 5 tons.

In the second position of the tower, the lifting height of the hook is 20 and 28.5 m, respectively.

The М-3-5-5П crane can be equipped with single-rope grabs for round weight and for inert materials. The construction of the gantry of the crane is provided by the pro-Usk of the train.

Rice. 41. Tower crane-loader M-3-5-5P.

Tower cranes with lifting capacity 20-75 t

Cranes with a lifting capacity of 20-75 tons are in most cases used as the main assembly machines for the construction of large industrial facilities and special engineering structures (blast-furnace, open-hearth, converter shops, thermal power plants, cooling towers, heavy engineering shops, etc.).

Most of the cranes in this group are distinguished by the combined nature of changing the lifting capacity and lifting height of the hook when changing the boom reach. The cranes are equipped with lattice-type lifting jibs. Some models (BK-300, BK-1425, etc.) use replaceable booms of various lengths, as well as booms with jibs up to 10 m long.

Most of the crane models in this group have a non-rotating lattice tower with an upper counterweight; cranes BK-1000

and BK-1425 have a rotating turret. The height of the towers for cranes BK-25-48 (T-1 T-2, T-3), BK-1425 can be changed by using unified tower inserts (sections). The cranes of this group (except for the BK-25-48 model) do not have portals for the passage of trains.

A number of previously released models of cranes of this group are non-self-propelled (BK-25-48, BK-402, etc.). Cranes BK-300, BK-1425, as well as some modernized models of cranes produced in previous years, are installed on self-propelled four-bearing undercarriages moving along two- and four-rail crane tracks. All cranes are non-self-supporting and are transported completely disassembled.

The lifting moment of the cranes is 160-1425 tm \ the lifting height of the hook is up to 90 m \ the track width is 5-10 m.

Fig. 42. Tower boom crane SKU-101 (diagram 1).

Rice. 43. Tower-boom crane SKU-101 (scheme 2)

Rice. 44. Tower boom crane SKU-101 (diagram 3).

Rice. 45. Tower-boom crane SKU-101 (diagram 4).

The power plant of the crane is a KDM-46 diesel engine with a capacity of 93 liters. with. with a speed of 1000 rpm - alternator SG-60/6; the total installed power of electric motors is 62.5 kW.

Rice. 46. ​​Tower crane MK-20-14.

Rice. 47. Tower crane KBGS -101M.

The crane KBGS -101M has a constant lifting capacity: with an outreach of the boom from 6.5 to 18 m -25 g; with a departure from 18 to 30 m - 13.5 t; when departing from 30 to 40 railways - 10 tons. Krap is equipped with two cargo trolleys. Loads up to 10 t are lifted by the front bogie, loads over 10 t are lifted through the traverse with both bogies.

Rice. 55. Tower crane BK-1000: 1 and 2 - lifting capacity of the main hook when stocking the cargo shmirpzsta, respectively, in 6 c 4 chntrk.

The BK-900 crane is a reconstructed model of the BK-406A crane. The crane boom can be equipped with a 5 m long jib with a constant lifting capacity of 8 t with an outreach of 15-45 m and a hook lifting height of 43-85 m.

The boom of the BK-1000 crane is equipped with a jib with a constant load0. with a capacity of 5 t with an outreach from 20 to 50 m and a lifting height of the auxiliary hook up to 93 m.

This model is unusual and you can see it already from the box. Unlike the standard metallized boxes, this is a custom designed collector's box.

A metal box plate, a nameplate, a photo of a real car, made in the colors of the model, all this favorably emphasizes and complements the Caterpillar D11T bronze scale model.

Caterpillar 18M3 article 85521

This is a very high quality model with a high metal content. The coloration is good and the graphics are crisp.

The model is well detailed and has very good functionality.

Komatsu WA1200 article 889

The model comes in a large Komatsu branded box. The model itself is securely fixed with two polystyrene trays, on the box there is detailed information about the real prototype of the car. The model does not require additional assembly.

The Komatsu WA1200 is presented in the company's yellow color. This is a fairly large and heavy model.

Komatsu PC2000-8 article 7621

The model comes in a large Komatsu branded box, which contains two pallets that protect the model well.

The excavator body is made entirely of metal, on it you can see a sliding ladder, which is located on the side of the model.

This is a very heavy model, and almost no plastic is used in it.

Caterpillar 777D article 85104

This 1:50 scale Diecast Masters model comes in a branded box of the CORE CLASSICS series, inside the box the model sits on a one-piece plastic tray.

The tipper body is made entirely of metal and looks very good.

The cab has been as detailed as possible in this model for the best resemblance to the real car.

Caterpillar D10T2 article 85532

This model comes in a branded box of the High-Line series, the model comes in a metallized paint box.

The high quality metal box has pictures and details of the real bulldozer.

The model is well detailed and has very good functionality. There is excellent ability to put the operator in or out of the cab.

Caterpillar 793F article 85273

The model comes in high quality packaging. She has an external cardboard box, inside which a metal box is placed, protected by a nylon bag.

The tipper body can be lifted and lowered quite realistically. This is achieved by two hydraulic cylinders, which are quite tight so the body can be installed in any position.

Tower construction cranes are designed for construction, assembly and loading and unloading operations.
A tower crane consists of a tower (column), a boom, a supporting part, a slewing ring, a driver's cab, mechanisms for lifting cargo, swinging a boom, changing an outreach, safety devices (load limiters, lifting height, moving a load trolley, swinging and lifting a boom ). All crane mechanisms are controlled by the driver from the cab, in which the control equipment is located.
By design, tower cranes are divided into cranes with a slewing platform and a fixed tower. In cranes with a turntable, the working mechanisms are installed on a turntable to which the tower is attached. Cranes with a non-revolving turret, in addition to the main parts, have a swivel head, to which a counterweight console with a counterweight (counterweight) is attached at the end to balance the swivel part. Load and boom winches are mounted on a counterweight console.
Whenever possible, tower cranes are divided into mobile, attached, stationary and self-lifting.
The supporting part of the mobile tower cranes includes undercarriages attached to the lower frame. In some cranes with a fixed tower, the bogies are attached to the tower by means of a gantry. Undercarriage on steel traveling wheels, they move along the crane rail track using the crane movement mechanism. The supporting part of stationary tower cranes is a frame mounted on a monolithic base. At high heights, tower cranes are additionally attached to the structure under construction. Such taps are called side-by-side. In some cases, up to a certain height, a side crane can work as a mobile crane. Then it is universal and has a supporting part in the form of a running device, similar to mobile cranes.
Changing the reach of tower cranes is carried out either by changing the angle of inclination of the boom by means of a boom winch and a boom chain hoist, or by moving the cargo trolley (carriage) along the boom using a traction winch. Depending on the method of changing the reach and the type of boom, tower cranes are divided into two groups: with a lifting and beam boom.
Tower cranes have a multi-motor electric drive powered from an external network through a cable and a pantograph and perform the following working movements: lifting the load, changing the outreach, turning, and mobile cranes, in addition, moving. The combination of these movements allows you to transport cargo to any point in the working area of ​​the crane, as well as service the warehouse area, unload cargo from vehicles.
To ensure the stability of mobile tower cranes, ballast is placed on the slewing platform or in the lower part of the non-rotating tower.
The advantages of tower cranes - a good view of the installation area by the crane operator; the location of the boom at a high height, as a result of which it does not intersect the structure of the object under construction; simplicity and reliability in operation; large linear dimensions of the working area. The disadvantages include the need for crane runways (for mobile cranes), as well as the installation and dismantling of the crane when it is relocated.