Introduction

Relevance of the topic term paper is connected with the fact that correct and complete documenting cases is of great practical importance. It is important to pay close attention to securities at all stages of a firm's life - from state registration before concluding agreements with partners. In this regard, the automation of office work in an enterprise is an important factor that determines the effectiveness of its activities. This is especially true for restaurant enterprises. hospitality, whose activities are inextricably linked with the execution of a large number of documents.

The purpose of the course work is to consider the approaches and features of office automation at the enterprises of the restaurant and hotel business. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set in the work:

examine regulatory documents regulating the document management system in commercial enterprises, to characterize the features of activities and information flows in the enterprises of the restaurant and hotel business;

consider the features and possibilities of office automation in hotels.

The object of the research is the enterprises of the restaurant and hotel complex.

The subject of the research is the organization of the office work system in the enterprises of the restaurant and hotel complex and the possibility of its automation.

The theoretical basis of the research is the works of specialists in the field of office work, such as: T.V. Kugusheva, V.A. Kudryaeva, T.V. Kuznetsova, M.V. Larina, M. Yu. Rogozhin and others, as well as federal laws and regulations RF, periodicals.

The set goals and objectives determined the structure and logic of the work, which consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion and a list of references.

Hotel and restaurant business

Characteristics of the hotel and restaurant business as an industry

The hotel industry in Russia developed in the context of the pan-European process and repeated, in general terms, the stages of the formation of European hotels. At the same time, the peculiarities of the Russian national order, determined by the Orthodox worldview, the history of the formation of the nation, climatic and geographical factors, have made their own adjustments in the national hotel business.

Unfortunately, for a long time, hotels were not given due attention. Even the Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary does not contain the article "hotel", being limited to the articles "tavern", "hotel yard".

The development of the hotel industry is currently being studied by economists and geographers. However, problems legal regulation hotel activities in the legal literature have not yet found proper coverage. The regulatory framework in this area is also in the process of formation.

There is no legal definition of the hotel business or the hotel industry either. In his book Marketing. Hospitality and Tourism "F. Kotler gives the following definition of the hospitality industry - it is a business sector, consisting of such types of services that are based on the principles of hospitality, characterized by generosity and friendliness towards guests.

It should be noted that a new draft law "On Tourism and tourism industry in Russian Federation", In which the hotel activity is defined as the entrepreneurial activity of the subjects of the tourism industry for the provision of hotel services. Thus, the hotel activity is a kind of economic activity.

Analyzing the economic and legal literature, you can find various concepts of the hotel. The legal definition of a hotel is given in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 1997 No. 490 "On approval of the Rules for the provision of hotel services in the Russian Federation" (as amended on October 2, 1999, September 15, 2000, February 1, 2005). "Hotel" - a property complex (building, part of a building, equipment and other property) intended for the provision of services. For comparison, in American law, a hotel is defined as the construction of accommodation (accommodation) services for the general public in premises equipped with the necessary amount of furniture and which provides one or more ordinary hotel services, such as restaurant service, room service, morning wake-up, telephone, laundry linen.

In the order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation of June 21, 2003 No. 197 "On approval of the Regulation on state system classification of hotels and other accommodation facilities ", the hotel is a means of accommodation along with motels, holiday homes, boarding houses, medical institutions. At the same time, the means of accommodation are understood as enterprises of various organizational and legal forms and individual entrepreneurs, engaged in temporary accommodation of tourists and having at least 5 rooms.

In accordance with Appendix No. 1 of the "List of accommodation facilities classified in the system" hotels and similar accommodation facilities are classified into: hotels; motels; youth hotels (hostels); rest houses, boarding houses; hotels with the provision of medical and health services.

Depending on the level and quality of service, accommodation facilities are assigned a certain category. Accommodation categories are denoted by "*" (star). The number of stars increases with the level and quality of service. Accommodation facilities are classified into five categories: the highest category of the accommodation facility is "five stars", the lowest is "one star". Non-categorized accommodations are considered unrated.

The hospitality industry has historically formed and has grown out of the accommodation sector, represented by various types of hospitality businesses. In the classical sense, a hotel is a house with furnished rooms for visitors. IN modern conditions a hotel is an enterprise intended for the hotel service of citizens, as well as individual tourists and organized groups... A modern hotel enterprise provides consumers not only with accommodation and catering services, but also a wide range of transport, communication, entertainment, excursion services, medical, sports services, beauty salon services, etc. In fact, hotel enterprises in the structure of the tourism and hospitality industry perform key functions, as they form and offer consumers a complex hotel product, in the formation and promotion of which all sectors and elements of the tourism and hospitality industry take part. Based on this, it is legitimate to single out the hotel industry or the hotel business as the largest complex component of the tourism and hospitality industry and consider it independently, largely identifying it with a single tourism and hospitality industry.

The tourism and hospitality industry is an integral part of the vast service sector, which is one of the most important and dynamically developing sectors of the modern world economy.

In developed countries, the share of services in the gross domestic product reaches 70%. Russian and foreign researchers, studying the place of the service sector in the development of the world economy, offer various economic models... However, most believe that economic activity man began with agriculture and then through industrialization moved towards the service economy.

The tourism and hospitality industry covers different groups organizations, forming a complex multicomponent complex, where the hotel business plays a vital role, the wide and varied nature of which allows us to bring together all the elements and sectors of the tourism and hospitality industry.

Currently, there is a growing interest in the development of the hospitality industry both at the international and national and regional levels, since tourism and the hotel business are a catalyst for the development of all sectors of the economy.

Significantly positive socio-economic impacts of the hospitality industry at national and regional levels:

new jobs created by tourism and hospitality;

multiplicative effect;

contribution to state and regional revenues.

Sociocultural Benefits:

raising the standard of living of the population;

preservation of cultural heritage;

assistance in the creation and support of museums, the preservation and financing of cultural and historical monuments;

increasing the sense of pride of the population for their culture and identity;

providing opportunities for intercultural exchange.

Thus, the tourism and hospitality industry is one of the most important parts of the vast service market, and is a fast-growing and highly profitable industry that can directly and indirectly influence the formation of conditions for sustainable socio-economic growth of the world and national economy.

A service in general and a hotel service in particular are fundamentally different from a product. Understanding the essence of this difference is extremely important in identifying objective indicators of the quality of services, and is also necessary for the formation of effective systems promotion of services.

The specificity of the hotel service is determined by the characteristics and technologies of guest service. The technological process of providing hotel services includes:

meeting the guest at the entrance to the hotel;

registration, paperwork and guest accommodation;

room service;

service in the provision of catering services;

satisfaction of cultural needs, sports, health and fitness services;

registration of departure, seeing off upon departure.

All of these elements do not leave the guest anything material or tangible, but they are the ones that form either a feeling of satisfaction or a feeling of annoyance at wasted time and money.

The processes of production and consumption of hotel services occur simultaneously from the moment of entering the hotel and until the moment of departure; during the entire hotel cycle, the guest perceives the service as a result of the activities of the hotel staff (Fig. 1.1).

The hotel service is produced and consumed in one place - the place of service, and the consumer himself becomes part of the distribution system. Guest makes contact with service personnel in a restaurant, at the reception, in the room, therefore, the hotel company must ensure the successful contact of the staff with the client.

At the same time, the guest is obliged to comply with the rules of residence and follow the accepted norms of behavior in public places.

Rice. 1.1

An important feature of the hotel service is the impossibility of its storage and accumulation. It is also impossible to exceed the natural capacity of the room stock when accepting applications and checking in, while unoccupied rooms and places objectively lead to the loss of beds. Thus, a hotel service is an organized interaction between the guest and the hotel staff, continuously influencing the guest throughout its duration. This product exists only during the stay of the guest, and at this time there is a constant dialogue between the guest and the hotel, it is impossible to program it or create a certain standard or service algorithm. Consequently, the hotel service is individual in each case. All noted features determine the specifics of marketing services.

The intangibility of a hotel service is characterized by the fact that it is almost impossible to study and evaluate it before receiving it. In some cases, this causes great difficulties in the promotion of hotel services, in particular accommodation facilities, however, using modern computer technology, the consumer can "visit" the virtual hotel and choose the room he needs, the view from the window, the necessary furnishings. But such technologies are used only by large hotels or travel agencies, in most cases it is extremely difficult to demonstrate a hotel product in advance.

The inextricable relationship between production and consumption determines that many types of hotel services are inseparable from those who provide them. So, personal service in a hotel is inseparable from the qualified work of the receptionist, and service in a restaurant depends on the skill of the chefs and the quality of the waiters. In fact, the person producing the service becomes a part of it and is inseparable from it, therefore, competent personnel management is necessary. The hotel can be filled with the most modern technical means, to have a prestigious environment and have the most modern material base, but this will still not be enough, since the main thinking and feeling "element" of service is people.

An inevitable consequence of the inseparability of production and consumption is the variability of the performance of the service. The quality of the service depends on where, who and when it provides it. It often happens that in hotels of the same category of service, the service is different: in one hotel, rooms are cleaned strictly according to the standard, linen is regularly changed and toiletries are replenished, in another they are done only after reminders and complaints from customers. The variability of hotel services is influenced by groups of factors:

organization of work with the staff of the hotel;

individual characteristics of consumers of services requiring a personal approach and a comprehensive systematic study of the client.

To reduce the variability of services, industry professional and service standards are being developed.

Service standards are a set of mandatory rules for customer service, which are designed to guarantee a set level of quality for all operations performed. Characteristic feature hotel service is its inability to store; hotel service cannot be stored for further sale. The fragility of the hotel service means that it is necessary to take measures to equalize supply and demand. Among these measures:

application of discounts;

combining the functions of personnel.

Hospitality based marketing services marketing research can identify periods of increase and decrease in supply and demand. Among these measures:

establishment of differentiated prices;

application of discounts;

increasing the speed of service;

combining the functions of personnel.

Based on marketing research, marketing services of hospitality enterprises can identify periods of increase and decrease in demand under the influence of various factors (season, day of the week, event calendar, vacation time and holidays, etc.) discount program and a system of incentives for travel during periods of low demand.

Thus, the specifics of the hotel services market, the specifics of hotel services, and the specifics of consumers of hotel services determine the specific features of marketing in the hotel business.

It should be noted that hotel services are complex in nature and consist of a variety of services provided by various areas, forming a single product in the form of a "package of services" selected for the client depending on the level of his needs. However, such a "package" is not rigid, and the client independently varies its components.

Hospitality industry exhibitions are a comprehensive marketing tool for promoting HoReCa market participants. Through an extensive program, they attract a professional audience that strives to stay on top of what is happening in the industry. Exhibitions introduce the latest trends and equipment for the hotel and restaurant business, popular formats of establishments. This is also a professional get-together. Usually, the event brings together managers and owners of hotels, restaurants, cafes; purchasing directors and suppliers; specialized specialists.

Business program of exhibitions of the hospitality industry

Exhibitions of hotel and restaurant business are accompanied by an exciting program. HoReCa presentations, forums, conferences offer knowledge in the context practical experience... Master classes, training seminars, culinary shows help to master new technologies. Contests, competitions and awards ceremonies determine the best in their segment, and with this - the development of the entire industry.

HoReCa exhibitions in the world

Once every 2 years, the attention of the global hospitality industry is riveted on the Host exhibition in Milan. In 2015, it coincided with the World Expo, which was taking place here, which made it possible to increase the number of guests several times.

The German exhibition Intergastra (Germany) remains the main one in the country and is included in the list of the world's leading events. The HORECA exhibition of the same name in Greece is considered to be quite large-scale. HOFEX in Hong Kong is not inferior to many large international projects as it demonstrates unexpected solutions with a regional accent. Hosfair (China) series of exhibitions represent the industry twice a year (in Guangzhou and Shenzhen).

Russian business in the HoReCa sector is focused on the annual PIR Expo Hospitality Week. The PIR exhibition in Moscow consists of five stand-alone expositions: PIR. Restaurant equipment, PIR. Foodstuffs, Moscow Coffee and Tea Expo, Moscow Bar Show, Hotel. Design. Equipment. Control. As part of the event, the All-Russian Summit of Restaurateurs and Hoteliers will be organized.

Moscow restaurant and hotel exhibitions

In addition to the grandiose PIR Expo event, specialists willingly visit Sirha Moscow. It is called the main restaurant exhibition in Moscow and an excellent continuation of the success of the Sirha brand. In March Crocus Expo takes international exhibition products and services for equipping and supplying enterprises Catering IFFF Moscow. In autumn, in parallel with the well-known meeting on the topic of food and drinks World Food Moscow, the site hosts an exhibition of equipment, accessories, tools and accessories for cooking barbecue, grilling, barbecue Expo.

Hospitality Exhibitions

The main directions of the exhibition of hotel business: construction and design of hotels, hostels and hotels, their reconstruction and renovation, interior design, Decoration Materials, furniture for hotel rooms, equipment for the reception, restaurants, bars, laundries, security systems. At exhibitions of the restaurant business, the selection and training of personnel always remain: chefs, cooks, bartenders, waiters, hostesses, etc.

The hotel and restaurant exhibitions Internorga in Germany and Igeho in Basel respond to the current needs of the European industry. Refined, modern, versatile - they gather cutting-edge innovations around them.

Exhibition project HDE (Shanghai) is dedicated to the construction, design and interior design of hotels. The Hotelex Shanghai Hotel Show is more specialized but popular with professionals in Asia.

Restaurant business exhibitions

Europe travels alternately to Lyon and Geneva to take part in Sirha. On odd years, the global review of the restaurant business is held in France, on even-numbered years - in Switzerland.

The NRA is hosting its own NRA Show in Chicago, which is well known outside the continent. Focus: cuisine, bar, menu, guest service, interior design and logistics.

Bar industry exhibitions

The first place rightfully belongs to the Moscow Bar Show as part of the HoReCa-exhibition group in Moscow PIR Expo. All Russian baristas are in a hurry to the Russian Barista Days.
Abroad, the calendar of top exhibitions in the bar industry includes: Nightclub & Bar Show (Las Vegas), Barcode Expo (Liverpool), Restaurant & Bar HK (Hong Kong).

Hotel manager- the top step in the career ladder of the hotel staff. He manages all departments of the hotel: services for booking seats, receiving and placing guests, organizing telephone and information service, service departments, restaurant, beauty salons. The manager must provide the guests with a comfortable stay under the roof of the hotel and the desire to return again, the owner of the hotel - a high income, and the employees - the pleasure of working under his supervision. It is not so easy to coordinate all this at the proper level. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in psychology, foreign languages ​​and labor and economy (see the choice of a profession by interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

Hotel manager, hotel director, top hotel manager, hotelier are synonyms of the same profession. A good top manager in the hospitality business is a piece product , on which the quality of hotel management at all levels depends, and, consequently, the image and reputation of the hotel. The hotel manager has some discretion in making decisions, but within the standards set by the hotel owner. He concludes a special agreement with the owner of the hotel, which indicates the degree of his responsibility, job duties, the level of salaries and bonuses. Large chains of well-known and prestigious hotels prefer to see in this high post those who thoroughly know the specifics of the services of this hotel. That is, a hotel administrator or even a porter has a real opportunity to become a hotel manager. There are hundreds of similar examples in the history of the hotel business.

In large hotel chains, the hotel director works within the strict framework of accepted standards, as, for example, in the National Hotels Corporation free communication of staff with customers is considered permissible, in the Mariott hotel chain - a restrained and strict style of work.

The duties of the hotel manager include:

• organization and provision effective operation hotels;
• providing clients with information about possible services;
• control over the quality of customer service in accordance with the class of the hotel, the correct use, accounting and distribution of rooms, as well as compliance with the passport regime;
• directing the work of the hotel personnel and services to ensure the safety and maintenance of premises and property in good condition, uninterrupted operation of equipment, external improvement, compliance with sanitary and technical and fire safety rules;
• cost-effective hotel management, timely and high-quality provision of a range of services to hotel clients;
• introduction of progressive forms of service organization;
• preventive examination of residential rooms, utility rooms of the hotel, organization of major and current repairs;
• expansion of the hotel's material and technical base, increasing its comfort;
• maintaining and timely submission of reports on the economic and financial activities of the hotel;
• investment planning, control over turnover and costs;
• providing the hotel with qualified personnel.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros:

• constant demand in the labor market;
• high prestige and respectability of the profession;
• high level of remuneration.

Minuses:

• high level of responsibility;
• work in conditions of "no room for error";
• irregular working hours;
• great psychological stress;
• the need to communicate with a large number of people;
• the inevitability of all sorts of conflicts and discontent of guests, the need to be in their epicenter.

Place of work

Hotels, motels, guest villas and lodges

Important qualities

A hotel manager should be an excellent marketer and innovator, diplomat and psychologist, financier and personnel officer. A person who has not only a specialized diploma, but also a certain life experience can apply for this position, as well as:

• outstanding organizational skills;
• confidence;
• the ability to persuade;
• persistence;
• qualities of a born leader;
• attentiveness to the little things;
• meticulousness, the ability to bring every task to the end;
• talent for communicating with people;
• the ability to effectively delegate authority;
• the ability to create a team of the best specialists in their field;
• the ability to analyze a large amount of information, make a decision and take responsibility;
• good memory;
• high concentration of attention;
• patience;
• sociability;
• the ability to quickly navigate in a difficult environment;
• the ability to effectively interact at any organizational level;
• ability to listen and hear;
• the ability to manage conflicts, exercise control over crisis situations in a team, neutralize and settle conflicts that have arisen;
• the ability to think in terms of the scale of the entire hotel.

Hotel manager training

The Interregional Academy of Industrial and Construction Complex (MASPK) invites to train specialists employed in the hospitality industry for courses. Professional courses of the Academy allow you to undergo retraining and advanced training in a comfortable distance format and study a specialty at a convenient time.

On this course, you can get the profession of a hotel director remotely in 1-3 months. A diploma of professional retraining of the standard established by the state. Fully distance learning. The largest educational institution additional prof. education in Russia.

Russian Institute of Professional Education "IPO" - is recruiting students for a specialty in a distance learning program professional retraining and advanced training. Studying at the IPO is a convenient and quick way to get distance education. 200+ training courses. 8000+ graduates from 200 cities. Short deadlines for paperwork and external training, interest-free installments from the institute and individual discounts. Contact us!

Universities

Higher education

A higher education is required for the profession of a hotel manager. If higher education is non-core, it is necessary to complete special courses for directors who manage the hotel business. Large hotel chains require compulsory specialized higher education in the field of hotel business.

Hospitality training is provided by more than 30 educational institutions in Moscow, among which the most serious training can be obtained in the following universities:

• Moscow Academy of Tourism, Hotel and Restaurant Business under the Government of Moscow
• REA them. Plekhanov
• Russian New University.

These schools have their own study bars, hotel rooms and canteens. Training, in addition to theoretical disciplines, includes business games and psychological trainings on which real situations of customer dissatisfaction are played out: “the client is furious”, “the client accuses of theft”, “the client is dissatisfied with the service attendant”. For internships, clients are sent abroad - to France, Turkey, Cyprus and Malta, where graduates master Western technologies of hotel business, a foreign language at the proper level. After that, students, quite professionally as economists, lawyers and managers, can independently develop a business plan for opening a private hotel.

Hospitality management courses can be taken at the MBA-CITY Business Academy. The best world-class educational institution for obtaining the profession of a hotel manager is the Hotel Institute in Montreux, Switzerland - Hotel Institute Montreux, HIM.

Salary

Salary on 03/12/2020

Russia 25,000-100,000 ₽

Moscow 35000—100000 ₽

The salary of a hotel manager depends on the country, the status and stardom of the hotel, belonging to the hotel chain, the number of rooms, and the experience of the director himself. So, for example, the difference in salary between the directors of 3 * and 5 * hotels can be large, or it can be practically the same if a 3 * hotel complex has more rooms than a 5 * small hotel due to additional bonuses from the number of potential customers.

In Russia, hotels belonging to the international hotel chains Radisson, Kempinski, Marriott, Marco Polo, Le Meridien, Sheraton, etc., employ qualified personnel with knowledge of languages, special education and a Western style of work for the position of directors.

Career Steps and Prospects

The hotel manager is the top executive in the hospitality career. The next step career growth can be a hotel chain manager or co-owner and then the owner of a hotel chain or a separate hotel.

Hotel guests' quirks:

A guest of the Greek hotel "Honeymoon Petra Villas" requested a room in which the rays at sunset would fall into the room at an angle of 45⁰ relative to the right side of the window.

Another unusual behavior was displayed by a hotel guest, who asked for rain in the heat of the day.

One of the guests of the Irish hotel asked the administration to provide him with a very unusual service: to organize a game of golf on a local glacier. However, after the man played enough (that is, went 3 holes), the unusual requests continued: he demanded to be taken back to the hotel by a private helicopter.

The hotel guest forgot the medicine in the room. Only on the plane remembering about him, the man called the administrator and asked to deliver him this medicine home. And that was done.

The man has booked all the rooms at the Hacienda Benazuza in Spain. The guest explained that he wanted to organize a party for 10 people. It should be noted that the number of rooms in the hotel is 44, and the cost of living in one room per day is at least $ 300.

It is not uncommon for concierges to make purchases for hotel visitors. And, as it turns out, there are times when they have to choose and buy a house. So, one of the hotel guests trusted the choice of the concierge that he did not even look at the building before making a purchase.

In one of the London hotels, a man asked to be served by girls with pronounced facial hair in the hotel restaurant. The hotel staff, in order to fulfill the stupid request, pasted a mustache and beard on the waitresses, the maid and the administrator.

One popular singer, while staying in a Portuguese hotel, requested that the sheets on her bed have three small holes. For what? The hotel administration still does not know the answer.

One of the guests of an elite hotel constantly ordered a “color menu” for himself. Once he asked the chef to cook him blue dishes, then pink, purple, black.

This is a popular area of ​​both training and development of the country. Many people think about what kind of education to get for successful work in this area. Understanding this issue is not as difficult as it seems. In fact, it is enough to know just a few features of training. But choosing a place to get an appropriate education is more difficult. There are a lot of various institutions that allow graduating to work in the hotel and restaurant business. And an ignorant person can simply get confused in the choice.

What kind of work

So, the first step is to understand what a citizen who has decided to work in the direction called "hotel and restaurant business" has to do. It is not entirely clear what will need to be done in this or that case.

The point is that upon graduation from this or that institution, a person will become a restaurateur. Or, as he is also called, the manager of the hotel and restaurant business. The tasks of such a worker are varied.

Among the main activities are:

• quality control of work;
• management of hotels or restaurants;
• arranging the supply of items necessary for the functioning of the business;
• marketing planning.

In other words, such a manager is universal worker in the hotel and restaurant business. Most often seen as an administrator in a particular institution.

Learning methods

The definition did not scare you off? Then you should think about training. Where can you master such a type of activity as the hotel and restaurant business? Where should a person go to get an appropriate education? There are a lot of options. Everyone chooses one or another institution to build their career and receive education in the hotel and restaurant industry.

Briefly listing all possible places of training, the following organizations can be distinguished:

• universities in Russia and abroad;
• colleges;
• organizations offering retraining;
• private training companies.

Each training option has its own characteristics. They will be discussed further. What to look for in this or that case? How to become a restaurateur without too many problems?

Retraining

Perhaps we should start with the least common scenario. We are talking about taking retraining courses. They are usually organized either by the employer or by specialized labor exchanges.

The average term of study is 2-3 months. No admissions tests are required. Upon graduation, the citizen receives a certificate of retraining as a restaurateur. From now on, he will be able to work in the hotel and restaurant business.

Private centers

The next option for training is contacting private training centers. This is good way receiving additional education, as well as self-development. With the help of specialized courses, you can easily master the hotel and restaurant business. It is recommended to inquire about the programs offered by these or those private educational institutions.

They usually study for about a year. In rare cases, training is several months or years. After listening to lectures, it is usually required to pass a final test, to pass an exam. And after that, the person is issued a certificate that he is now considered a restaurateur. The document usually lists the skills acquired.

Are you interested in the hotel and restaurant business? What subjects will I have to take to study in private centers? None. And it pleases. There are no entrance examinations in private educational centers. It is enough just to pay for your education.

Universities

A more serious approach is to study at the country's universities. Modern universities offer several options for mastering the specialty of a restaurateur. You can study at a university on the basis of secondary vocational education or get higher education. In the first case, education will be obtained. It is not highly regarded by employers. In the second, the graduate will receive a diploma of higher education... It is he who attracts many employers. Although, as practice shows, the hotel and restaurant business allows you to successfully build a career with a diploma of secondary specialized education.

Depending on the type of study chosen, you will have to stay either 2 years, or 3, or 4. In the first two cases, we are talking about secondary specialized education based on the 9th or 11th grade, respectively. Higher education takes 4 years.

A distinctive feature of education in universities and colleges is the presence of entrance tests. To be admitted as a student, you will need to pass some exams. More about them later. First, you should find out where exactly in Russia you can go to study as a restaurateur.

Universities for training

There are a lot of higher educational institutions in Russia. Where do they teach in the direction of "hotel and restaurant business"? Universities in Russia that offer to become restaurateurs are the following:

• Plekhanov University;
• Russian State University for the Humanities;
• Moscow State Institute named after Sechenov;
• Russian State University of Tourism and Service (Moscow).

These are not all educational institutions. In almost every humanitarian university, you can become a restaurateur. Only the above-mentioned places, as students say, teach best in the chosen direction.

College

Are you interested in the hotel and restaurant business? College is the most common way to get an appropriate education to start a career. Usually, admission to specialized schools after 9th or after 11th grade is considered.

Depending on the chosen educational institution, entrance tests are either present or absent. Where exactly should I go to study? You can choose a humanitarian college. And there to see if there is a direction of interest to the applicant. As already mentioned, after grade 9 they study for 2 years, after 11 - 3 years.

Where exactly to go? You can pay attention to:

• management and hotel and restaurant business;
• Small Business College # 48;
• food college in Moscow;
• Krasnodar Trade and Economic College.

All this is just the beginning. The list can be very long. Are you interested in the hotel and restaurant business? College in St. Petersburg on the embankment 154a is considered the most successful choice among residents of St. Petersburg.

Testing

What's next? Now it is important to understand what tests will have to pass. As already mentioned, sometimes they are admitted to technical schools simply by application. It is enough just to present a high school diploma, identity card and an application for admission.

And if the hotel and restaurant business will be mastered at the university, what should I take? Among the required exams are:

• Russian language;
• mathematics.

Both subjects must be taken at the basic level. But on the profile one will have to take social studies. In some cases, they may also request the Unified State Exam or the State Exam for English language... These are all the exams you have to pass. And then it will not be difficult to enter a hotel and restaurant business college or university.

Cozy room. Quiet classical music. Mysterious twilight, which is slightly dispelled by the flickering of candles on the tables. Original dishes. The waiters are very polite, neat and helpful. All this creates a special atmosphere of a good restaurant, for the sake of which people come here ... But few of the visitors realize what hard work is hidden behind such splendor.

Sphere of perspectives and opportunities

The centers of the hotel and restaurant business in Russia are rightfully considered Moscow, St. Petersburg and the area of ​​the so-called Greater Sochi. This is where people can afford to spend their money on vacation.

On average, five new restaurants open in Moscow per week. True, no one counted how many of them were closed, but the fact remains: the hotel and restaurant business in the capital is developing very rapidly. This is also facilitated by the program of the Moscow Government, which assumes that by 2010 about 50 new hotels will be built in our city. It is clear that all of them will need qualified personnel. Many Moscow universities, even those that had not previously specialized in this area, enthusiastically responded to the demands of the time and began to prepare students accordingly. And, as a rule, not on a budget, but on a commercial basis. And the tuition fee is not small, on average - from $ 1000 to $ 2500 per year ... Nevertheless, there are more than enough people who want to get a "hospitable" profession. Moreover, in some universities there is a competition for admission to the paid department.

So what attracts applicants? The fact is that while still a student of a specialized university, you will probably be able to get good money, earning money for a start as a waiter, maid or bartender. Already at the age of 18-19 you become an independent person, independent of your parents and even paying for your own education. Of course, you should not think that money will literally fall on you immediately after entering college, and the way up the career ladder will resemble climbing an escalator.

Why does a maid need a college degree?

Of course, universities do not train graduates with qualifications: "waiter", "bartender" or "maid". All these are working specialties, therefore, in principle, secondary vocational education is sufficient. Institutes, on the other hand, produce so-called broad-based managers who can engage in a wide variety of activities, from receiving guests to marketing research.
However, from the very beginning it is necessary to take into account: the hotel and restaurant business is not an area where you can "slowly" study, get a manager's diploma, and only then look for a place for yourself. Here, from the very first courses, it is proposed to try yourself in business. Combining study and work- the usual case. Moreover, it is required condition for a successful career... Many students start out as waiters, maids, and by the time they receive their managerial degrees, they have already taken up appropriate administrative positions in restaurants and hotels.

But success is not easy. Working in the hospitality industry is both physically and mentally difficult.

“A waiter loses as many calories per shift as a miner,” says NI Anurova, head of the personnel service at the Pushkin cafe. - He does not sit at all, for 12-14 hours on his feet. In order not to faint, you need good physical fitness, so we require our children to go in for sports. In addition, you cannot enter the hall in a bad mood, it is important to always control your inner state. The guests came to the holiday, paid money for it, and your personal problems should not interfere with them. "

Working as a maid in a good hotel is no easier. During the shift, you have to move from room to room, bringing them to shine. No communication with people - just work, with a short lunch break. It would seem that making the bed, cleaning the room - what is so difficult here? In fact, this is a whole science. It is necessary to observe a number of generally accepted rules, correct the slightest shortcomings. For example, put the matches so that they do not cover the inscription on the ashtray, know at what angle the chair should be in the room, etc.

And imagine that, in addition to all this, an unfinished "term course" or another test at a university is still "hanging" over you. It is not surprising that some students cannot withstand such a “race”, are transferred to the correspondence department or even drop out of the institute.
Well, this is a personal matter for everyone, but you should know: you cannot make a career in the hotel and restaurant business without a higher specialized education.
Working in a prestigious restaurant or an elite hotel will require even the service personnel to have fluency in a foreign language, the ability to communicate with different people, and knowledge of the service. So draw your conclusions ...

Get your money ready ...

When entering a university for the specialties of hotel and restaurant and tourism business, first of all, you will need money. There are very few budget places here, and competitions for them - from 7 to 20 people. Therefore, if you are not a child prodigy, then a commercial branch is a more acceptable option.
In addition, when choosing a university and a specialty, you will need to decide which specific diploma you would like to receive. You can become an economist-manager or a manager-organizer in the service sector. The goals and objectives of specialists in these two areas are different.
"Economists" develop a strategy, pricing policy that will help a hotel or restaurant to survive in today's competitive environment. "Organizing managers" are managers who monitor the service personnel, are responsible for order, ensure normal work hotel or restaurant.

Some universities train only "economists": the Russian Economic Academy (REA) named after G.V. Plekhanov, Moscow International Higher Business School MIRBIS (Institute); others - "managers" (RUDN), third - both the first and second: the Moscow Academy of Tourism, Hotel and Restaurant Business under the Government of Moscow (MATGRB), the Institute of Tourism and Hospitality of the Moscow state university service.
The entrance exams depend on your choice of specialty and university. It is clear that the "manager-organizer" in the service sector needs knowledge of Russian and foreign languages, geography, history. And the future economist, in addition to languages, will also need mathematics. Usually, upon admission to a paid department, you need to pass testing in these subjects and an interview for professional aptitude.