What is snt and dnt izhs. What is DNT, its advantages and limitations. Individual housing construction

What are these abbreviations - IZHS, SNT, DNT?

So, the market is full of offers for the area you are interested in and
all are marked with one or another abbreviation. What is hidden behind them?
IZHS is an individual housing construction. Can be located
only on the lands of residential settlements.
SNT is a garden non-profit partnership. It can only be located
on agricultural land.
DNT is a dacha non-profit partnership. Before the introduction of the new law
could be placed only on agricultural land.
Now maybe on the lands of the settlement.
Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages that affect
and on the possibility of building your dream house on it, and on the
communication, and many other things that we will consider below.

Land plots for individual housing construction - the advantages and disadvantages of an individual housing construction site
The most demanded plots, and with them the most expensive, on the market have
IZHS status. They are intended for the construction of private houses.
and cottages for permanent residence.

Advantages of the IZhS land plot:

• If you build a house, you can register in it.
  Your house will have a street and a house.
• Having an address and registration, you can subscribe to periodic
  postal editions, receive postal parcels and letters, get a job on
  work and just indicate this address.
• According to the social norms of the land of individual housing construction, as land for permanent
  residence must have all the necessary communications at the expense of
  of the state, in a certain accessibility there should be a hospital, shops, a pharmacy and other social facilities.
• If you have a weapon permit and you are registered in your house built on IZhS, then you can store your weapons in it.
• Based on the orientation of the land and the possibility of building a residential building, IZHS lands are intended for human habitation. It will be much easier and easier for you to issue a tax deduction.
• House and land under individual housing construction can be accepted as collateral in some banks.

• Depending on the region, certain restrictions are imposed on the size of the plot. The minimum and maximum thresholds can be found in the district administration.
• Because the land is intended specifically for human habitation, then the house should
  meet residential standards. Those. building the Eiffel Tower with the Taj Mahal will not work. The construction must comply with GOSTs and go through several commissions before the project of your house begins to be implemented. Upon completion of construction, you will be required to comply with certain operating rules, which, again, will have to be coordinated with the authorities.
• The presence of a house on IZhS guarantees only the availability of a road and all communications. But not the quality of the services provided. Therefore, you may have to think about autonomous sources of resources.

• DNT is considered less fertile land than SNT, and accordingly has a lower cost compared to them. Also, a plot for DNT is cheaper and a plot for individual housing construction, tk. usually a small garden house and, directly, a garden are built on it. Under the new law, DNT and IZHS have become approximately equal in their rights.
• Advantages of the DNT land plot:
• The price is lower compared to IZHS and SNT.
• Location outside the city, which means cleaner air, fewer cars and other advantages of living in nature.
• DNT is a partnership. This means that the funds received from the contributions of the members are the joint property of its members. There is also a special fund (monthly contributions, etc.), which is owned by DNT as legal entity.
• It will be easier to register on the DNT site than on the SNT. We wrote about the advantages of registration above.
• Unlike individual housing construction, the house does not have to go through all the mandatory commissions.
• Exempt from paying the registration fee for state registration

• The main purpose of the land is agriculture. Problems can arise when trying to agree on the construction of a large house.
• The presence of the DNT section does not oblige the state to conduct communications to the section. The owner has the right to conduct communications himself at his own expense. Prices for this are set by firms, which may be more expensive than the site itself.
• If the cost of roads, communications, infrastructure of the village is laid on the plots during its construction, housing in such a village will be very expensive.
• Despite the possibility of registration, getting it is a long and complicated process.
• The land under the DNT does not mean the presence of important social facilities. To a hospital, to a doctor, or to a store, you may have to go to a neighboring village or city.
• Not every bank will take land under the DNT as collateral.
• A prerequisite for the DNT land is the construction of a house and its registration as property.

• Land for SNT belongs to the same category as land for SNT. The difference is that plots of land in SNT will cost more than approximately equivalent plots in SNT, because they have a higher bonitet score (for higher land fertility). Accordingly, plots for SNT are located in more environmentally friendly and beautiful areas, have more convenient entrances, and often there are special transport routes.
• Advantages of the SNT land plot:
• Lower cost than land plots for individual housing construction.
• Located outside the city, in the countryside.
• On the SNT plot of land, it is not necessary to build a country house - the land can only be used for growing crops, if its owner so desires.

• It will be necessary to pay for the connection of roads, communications: gas, water supply, electricity, sewage to the sites in SNT. Most often, it is very difficult and expensive to carry out communications to the SNT sites, and sometimes even impossible.
• It is often impossible to register in housing on the SNT site, since the house is on agricultural land.
• Although the Constitutional Court of Russia in some cases recognizes the right of homeowners on the land of SNT to have permanent registration in this housing (registration), in reality this can be very difficult and time-consuming to accomplish.
• Banks rarely accept plots of land SNT as collateral if they wish to issue a mortgage transaction.
• Regardless of what large and capital house you built on the SNT site, according to the documents it will still be listed as a country house. Depending on this, there may be a low assessment of your home by the expertise if you want to sell it, there will be difficulties with the registration of all family members, etc.

Not everyone knows how the IZhS differs from the SNT, and this often leads to a large number of problems. This can be the construction of a residential building, registration in it, or the impossibility of running a subsidiary farm. Therefore, when purchasing land IZHS or SNT, it is important to consider what the difference is.

What is IZHS

The land plot of IZHS is intended for the individual construction of a residential building and for one family to live in it. From this it follows that on such land you can build:

1. Private house. At the same time, the legislation imposes a number of conditions that must be adhered to during construction. For example, a building should not be higher than 3 floors and should not be attached to other residential buildings.
2. Hotel. If all requirements are met, a hotel can be located in a small residential building.

Plots for individual housing construction have some features:

1. In a house located on such a site, the owners can issue a residence permit.
2. IZHS are always located in an area with a well-developed infrastructure.
3. The construction of the building is associated with the registration of a large number of technical documents and building permits.
4. The owner of an allotment for individual housing construction is independent of various non-profit structures and is not obliged to make maintenance contributions.
5. The owner has the right to expect to receive a tax deduction.
6. IZHS can be issued as a bank pledge.

The individual housing construction sites have their own disadvantages, among which the most important are:

1. The size of the plots. It is limited, since the land is used for construction, and not for self-management of subsidiary farming.
2. Arrangement. The construction or renovation of a house must be started no later than 3 years from the date of receiving the site.
3. Tax increase. If the building is not completed in 10 years, the land tax will double.

Help: when purchasing a plot, you can independently find out the type of permitted use. This information is contained in the cadastral passport or certificate of ownership. Knowing what an individual housing construction is, it is much easier to decide on the choice of a site.

What is SNT and DNP

The abbreviation SNT stands for a garden non-profit partnership, whose activities are aimed at farming. In other words, it is a legal entity that has leadership, charter, etc. SNT enters into contracts with contractors who provide the supply of various resources, and participants are required to pay for this.

To the advantages of garden non-profit partnership refers to:

1. Possibility to build any building and register a residence permit.
2. If the construction of a residential building is not envisaged, you can use the site for breeding various crops.

But the disadvantages of using SNT lands are as follows:

1. If not all participants of the partnership pay for the provision of utilities and other services, then the debt is distributed among the bona fide payers.
2. The SNT site is rather difficult to arrange for collateral when applying for a bank loan.
3. Residential buildings on such sites are considered country houses.

Become a member horticultural partnership may be an adult owner of a land plot. Concerning membership fees, then all members of the partnership are obliged to pay them. These funds do not go to the maintenance of the board of the cooperative, but only to the needs of the participants.

The procedure for collecting these payments has not been established, so the management of SNT independently develops it. In practice, each member of a horticultural partnership pays the same amount for one hundred square meters of his plot. Therefore, the total amount of the payment depends on the size of the allotment. In addition to standard payments, the Charter of the association may include an entry fee.

In addition to SNT, there is also DNP (dacha non-profit partnership). The status of this association is practically no different from garden partnership... DNT and SNT differ in that the price of summer cottages is much lower than in garden associations.

In addition, it is assumed that the owners live on the site only in the summer, so there will be problems with the use of light and heat in winter. Registration in the DNP is also not so simple. Therefore, considering SNT and DNP for the acquisition of a land plot, all existing nuances should be taken into account.

Difference between IZHS and SNT

So, what is the difference between IZHS and SNT? The difference between these two categories of land is as follows:

1. The plots located in the SNT are used for maintaining subsidiary plots, but the individual housing construction is only for living.
2. Land for individual construction is located exclusively in settlements, while SNT can be located on agricultural land.
3. Obtaining a residence permit for SNT and DNP can sometimes be difficult, while in individual housing construction such problems never arise.
4. IZhS plots are much more promising, as they have a well-developed infrastructure. And selling such an individual residential plot in the future can be very profitable. But the infrastructure in SNT, most likely, the owners will have to develop on their own.

You should choose a dacha non-profit or horticultural cooperative only in the case of running a personal subsidiary farm. Then all the disadvantages of these categories of land will be compensated by obtaining agricultural products. It is important to know that doing business on SNT or DNT is prohibited. But the owners are allowed to sell the rest of the products produced on the site. This is the only thing that unites IZHS and SNT, since in all other respects they may differ.

Construction on the IZHS site

In order to start the construction of a residential building on such a site, a permit will be required. Without this document, any construction will be considered illegal and subject to demolition. So, in order for everything to be in accordance with the law, you must contact the local administration by submitting an application and documents. The building permit is issued within 10 days and is valid for 10 years.

Among the documents for obtaining a permit are:

• owner's passport;
• papers confirming the ownership of the site;
• construction plan;
• House project.

After the completion of construction, it is necessary to register the ownership of the residential building. To do this, you will have to issue a lot technical documentation, for example, in the BTI. An address is then assigned to the house. The last stage of the procedure is obtaining a permit for commissioning, a cadastral passport and a certificate of ownership.

How to transfer SNT or DNP to IZHS

The difference between IZHS and SNT makes the owners think about transferring one category of land to another. But is such a procedure also feasible? This is not prohibited by law, but one should be prepared for the fact that municipal authorities do not welcome such transfers.

If, nevertheless, the decision to make IZHS from SNT or DNP is made, then first you should draw up a petition and submit it to the local administration. You need to attach to it:

1. Personal documents of the owner.
2. Extract from the inventory.
3. Extract from the Unified State Register.

These are basic documents, but the owner of the site may be required to provide additional papers. The success of the transfer of SNT to land for individual housing construction largely depends on how close the site is to the settlement. If it is too far away, the municipality will refuse to carry out the procedure. And even the court is unlikely to satisfy such a claim.

It is necessary to choose IZHS or SNT, knowing what is best for achieving your goal. If there is a need for a country house with the ability to have livestock or grow crops, then it is better to choose SNT. But individual housing construction is more suitable for the construction of a residential building.

People planning to engage in subsidiary farming, move to private house, purchase a cottage, when choosing plots, they are faced with the question of what is SNT, DNP, DNT, IZHS.

The abbreviation stands for legal schemes for the acquisition and construction of low-rise private real estate. For the future land user, it is extremely important to understand what SNT, DNP are, to understand all the nuances and choose the option that suits you.

What forms of land plots are provided for by law?

In fact, individual housing construction is just a form of land permitted in the Russian Federation, the legal and legal status of an allotment, as well as an option for providing the population with housing.

IZHS - individual housing construction.

The legal concept involves obtaining ownership / possession of a plot of land for the construction of a residential building on it at the expense of the owner with the further possibility of registration.

The following laws regulate the procedure for individual housing construction:

• Urban Development Code;
• Land Code;
• Civil Code;
• Federal Law No. 221 "On the State Real Estate Cadastre".

Individual building can be carried out only on the lands of settlements (cities, urban-type settlements, rural settlements).

Wherein:

• a private house is being built in strict adherence to construction SNiPs, work begins with obtaining a permit;
• the area of ​​the site must fit into legal norms.

Types of non-profit associations of owners

Voluntary associations of land owners with or without buildings

What is SNT, DNP, DNT? According to Article 4 of Law 66-FZ, this is already a way of voluntarily uniting the owners of land plots with or without buildings to exercise the rights to obtain and own land, maintain economic activity etc. Legal aspects of the activity:

• exist in the form of partnerships, cooperatives, partnerships;
• endowed with the status of a legal entity with state registration;
• activity is based on the Charter of the organization; management - by the election of the board and the chairman;
• non-profit associations have the right to have common property, financial resources on balance.

In practice, the expression "DNP lands", "SNT lands" is applicable. What does SNT, DNP mean, how is it different? This happened due to the fact that for the choice of the union, the permitted value is decisive. In this regard, the types of associations have the following features:

• SNT is a garden non-profit partnership. Located exclusively on agricultural land;
• DNP is a dacha non-profit partnership. Created within the boundaries of agricultural land, as well as settlements. The common property of the organization is owned by the legal entity;
• DNT is a dacha non-profit partnership. It differs from DNP in the form of ownership common property... If it was purchased for the contributions of participants, then it is the property of the members of the partnership; when the money of the society's special fund was invested, the property falls into the ownership of the legal entity. similar to the situation with the dacha partnership.

The activity of dacha and garden associations is regulated by the law 66-FZ "On garden non-profit associations citizens ".

Which is better - SNT or DNP?

There is no definite answer, since a lot depends on the goals of the future landowner.

If a person plans to purchase for a subsidiary farm, you should pay attention to SNT. This category contains the most fertile soil... It is permissible to build a country house on the territory, which is quite suitable for permanent life, to register it as a property. But you won't be able to register in it.

Countryside partnerships are characterized by better infrastructure. They make it possible not only to build a building and register it in the USRR, but also to receive a postal address with permanent registration of the owner.

Pros and cons of IZHS

What is a plot for individual housing construction?

IZHS lands are the “cream” of private housing construction, since they are located within the settlements. Excellent infrastructure of the area, availability of technical communications, well-developed transport routes - what else could a homeowner dream of.

There are other pluses:

• The erected private house, cottage or mansion receives an individual mailing address. Therefore, there are no problems with registration. Delivery of correspondence to the address is possible.
• Formal residence provides the entire “package” of social benefits. You can find a job according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, "assign" to a district clinic, identify children in Kindergarten or a school in the neighborhood of residence.
• Arrangement of technical communications is carried out through centralized city or village networks.
• Such a structure gives the right to a tax deduction.
• You can apply for a full range of loan programs. Banks willingly lend secured by private houses for individual housing construction.
• Registration of social benefits, participation in state programs to support the population is available.

The costs of private households on the land of individual housing construction:

• Feel the "closeness of nature" in all its glory will not work. Plots are provided of a limited size (each subject has its own standard), where it is possible to "break" a flower garden, arrange a couple of paths, and install a gazebo.
• Obtaining a building permit, approval architectural project other organizational issues extremely time consuming and time consuming. Completion of construction requires a procedure for putting the house into operation: and good. If the builders did not violate the norms.
• About cleaning the local area, maintenance the owner will have to think about it on their own. Meanwhile, responsibility for the improper maintenance of property that poses a danger to others is not removed from him.

Pros and cons of DNP

Construction of a country house on the lands of the DNP

After the amendments made to the land legislation, it is allowed to build a summer residence on the land of settlements, which actually equated the DNP with the individual housing construction. But some conventions are still in effect. What are the advantages of the land in the DNP?

• Low cost in comparison with other forms of associations;
• the possibility of living in a more favorable suburban area;
• if the site is located on the lands of settlements, it is possible to assign a postal address and officially register;
• the partnership gives the land owner the right to participate in community meetings, make proposals for organizing activities and make decisions;
• when registration is not in the plans, it is possible not to carry out an examination of the building. Convert it to the category of living quarters.

Disadvantages of land in a dacha partnership:

• If the land belongs to farmland, you can cultivate garden plants and build a country house here. It is very problematic to acquire a capital cottage for permanent life outside the city.
• On the other hand, you will not be able to limit yourself to a vegetable garden or a garden. According to the law, the construction of a subsidiary country house with registration of property in the Unified State Register is mandatory.
• The DNP lands are outside the area of ​​responsibility of the authorities for the development of these areas with infrastructure and communications. It is possible that the house is not supplied with gas, electricity, water, and there are no roads. It is not forbidden to equip all this at your own expense. However, the cost of the work is comparable to the cost of purchasing the site.
• Since social facilities are also not provided, it is possible to visit a doctor or send a child to school in the nearest village.

Pros and cons of SNT

Advantages and disadvantages of SNT lands

SNT lands are designed to occupy agriculture for personal purposes: garden, vegetable garden.

Advantages of garden holdings:

• cheaper than individual housing construction;
• this category contains the most fertile areas;
• located in the most picturesque areas with favorable ecology;
• it is enough to confine oneself to the cultivation of vegetables and fruits in order to use the land for its intended purpose. It is not necessary to "build".

Restrictions. They directly follow from the positive aspects:

• market value of fertile;
• considerable remoteness from settlements and modern goods: hospitals, educational institutions, objects of consumer services;
• lack of road junctions or their poor condition;
• a capital house on the site will be officially recorded as a summer residence, which directly reduces its assessment;
• it is almost impossible to get permanent registration.

SNT, DNP, IZHS: what to choose?

Which is better: SNT or plots for individual housing construction

As they say, the taste and color of a friend is not. The main thing is not to be disappointed in such a serious acquisition. Any allotment will be needed and useful if its owner has clearly weighed all the pros and cons and decided on the tasks of land use.

If a garden or summer cottage plot is purchased for seasonal living, then the owner will receive all the delights of suburban life. On the table there will be vegetables and fruits grown by your own hands without chemicals, around - the cleanest air and mesmerizing landscapes.

Wealthy owners need not be afraid of the lack of amenities and carry out communications at their own expense.

If the land is located where even “Makar didn’t drive calves”, you need to think about how to get there, in what condition the access roads are. If you have transport, you can try on the life of a "hermit".

More and more citizens are inclined in favor of IZHS today. Here you should weigh your strengths on the further maintenance of the property. Needless to say, this is expensive compared to an apartment. To let things go by themselves - in 15-20 years the house will turn into dust, but it is too burdensome to direct every free penny to maintain the site and structure.

How to translate SNT to IZHS?

The procedure for the transfer of land SNT to land for individual housing construction

The law provides for such an opportunity. The purpose of the transformations is to annex the allotment to the lands of the settlement. To do this, the owner will need to draw up a petition to the municipal administration with the attachment:

• The identity document of the applicant;
• Confirmation of title to the site and buildings on it (cadastral extracts, USRR certificates).

The list is not exhaustive and additional paperwork may be required. 2 months are allotted for the decision on the issue. In case of a positive result, the owner is issued an act on the transfer of land, in case of refusal - a legal justification.

In practice, it is extremely difficult to implement the plan. Municipalities may refuse due to the impossibility of expanding the boundaries of the settlement, legal restrictions.

Charter and contributions to SNT

Joining the SNT implies the payment of membership fees (Article 19 of the Federal Law No. 66).

Types of contributions, payment procedure

Contributions are paid:

• at a time when registering for a partnership;
• on a regular basis (annually, quarterly).

At the expense of the proceeds, SNT develops the infrastructure of the common territory, conducts the current and overhaul communications.

The amount of payments is calculated according to the norm established in the SNT per unit of land area. Thus, the amount of financial obligations of a citizen directly depends on the size of the site.

Rights and obligations of a member of a garden non-profit partnership

Charter - the main document of SNT

• information about the partnership;
• the rights and obligations of the association;
• joint property, the procedure for paying contributions;
• managing body of SNT and its competence;
• monitoring the activities of SNT;
• organization of a special fund;
• terms of reorganization.

The document is drawn up in writing and approved by the general meeting of members of the SNT.

Summing up the pros and cons of acquiring plots of DNP / DNT, SNT, in the territories under individual housing construction, until recently we would have said: of course, individual housing construction. But after permission to give land to settlements for dacha partnerships, priorities shift in favor of him. True, with the condition of the location of the DNP on the lands of settlements.

In this case, the allotment is cheaper, perhaps housing construction with subsequent registration.

You can watch the video about the legal intricacies of choosing land plots for individual housing construction:

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Choosing a place for building a future house is not an easy task: after all, you need to thoroughly understand what type of land is needed and what are the real differences between land plots for different purposes, denoted by mysterious abbreviations - IZHS, DNT, SNT.

What is it - IZHS, SNT, DNT?

In addition to the area and location, each land plot has two main characteristics:

• Land category
• Permitted use

Novosibirsk is most often located on land plots of two categories: land of settlements and agricultural land.

On the lands settlements plots usually have the type of permitted use - for individual housing construction, or less often for summer cottage construction.

On the lands agricultural purposes the type of permitted use of plots most often for summer cottage construction or for gardening.

Accordingly, we get:

IZHS - a type of permitted use, stands for Individual Housing Construction. Plots for individual housing construction are located only on the lands of settlements.

DNT and SNT are non-profit organizations created for the management of the village (collection of fees, maintenance of communications, infrastructure of the village, etc.)

DNT - means the Dacha Non-Profit Partnership. It is more often located on agricultural lands, but sometimes also on the lands of settlements that have a permitted use - "for summer cottage construction."

SNT is a Gardening Non-Profit Partnership. Placed exclusively on agricultural land with permitted use - "for gardening".

Differences between IZhS and DNT / SNT:

1. Distance from settlements

   DNT lands are usually located at a greater distance from settlements than land under IZHS. This is due to the fact that a new cut of land for individual housing construction must adjoin or in some way connect with the existing one. locality... Accordingly, if you want to enjoy the unspoiled nature, then you better take a closer look at the land plots in the DNT, and if you need the proximity of municipal infrastructure such as a kindergarten, school, shops or general. transport, then choose from plots for individual housing construction.

2. Use of maternity capital

   Maternity capital can be used in the construction of a house only on land under individual housing construction. Also in the Novosibirsk region on land under individual housing construction it is possible to use the Construction Subsidy in the event of its resumption.

3. Building permit

   Before starting the construction of a residential building on land under individual housing construction, it is necessary to issue a building permit in accordance with Article 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation. There is no need to issue a building permit on agricultural land.

4. Urban planning norms

   On lands with the status of individual housing construction, urban planning norms are in effect, clearly defining:
   - the width of the streets, the presence of sidewalks, the location of recreation areas and infrastructure facilities;
   - min / max sizes of an individual plot;
   - compliance of the erected house with residential standards;
   - compliance with the rules and regulations of the RF Town Planning Code.

   In modern DNT / SNT, they also try to comply with urban planning norms, but this process is not regulated and remains at the discretion of the board.

5. Registration

   After registering a private house / cottage built on the land of individual housing construction, you can get a permanent residence permit, tk. the house is located on a certain street under a certain number. Since 2011 permanent registration (registration) is also allowed in houses erected on the lands of DNT / SNT for agricultural purposes; the complexity and duration of registration of registration depends on the existing practice in the given municipality.

So, which is better than IZhS or DNT / SNT?

If we consider the issue from the standpoint of legislation, then it is more reliable to purchase a plot of individual housing construction, tk. Russian land legislation is still relatively young, and no one can guarantee that there will be any changes in the future that could affect construction on agricultural land.

But in general, it can be noted that there are almost no significant differences between the lands under individual housing construction and the lands in the DNT (SNT). And this is indirectly confirmed even by the banking policy in relation to loans for the purchase of land: the interest rate for plots with the status of individual housing construction and DNT is the same.

The choice is yours!

Leonid Yarkov