What does snt mean. The status of the SNT as a territorial entity. Advantages and disadvantages of these types compared to each other

In order to understand the meaning and purpose of SNT and DNT, you should know that this is the name of legal entities based on land law, formed to solve the problems of gardening and horticulture by land users within adjacent territories. These forms of bringing people together are intended for non-commercial purposes. However, keep in mind that there are important differences between SNT and DNT.

According to the norms of land law, part of the country's land belongs to the category of agricultural land. The division of the country's territory into lands of various categories and purposes allows a more competent and rational use of the land resource. And for this it is necessary to exploit the land in strict accordance with the stated goals.

Be aware that agricultural land is used for gardening activities, but can also be used for low-rise summer cottage construction. In addition, the construction of real estate objects in the dacha economy is also permissible on the territory of the settlement's lands.

The first difference lies in the location of dachas located on the territory of the settlement lands, and dacha non-profit partnerships located on agricultural lands. Settlement lands are almost always located within municipality, and agricultural land is far from the city.

The next difference is that it is possible to erect the structure of a capital structure on a site of any type, but it is extremely difficult to register and obtain a registration address and place of residence in a house on an agricultural territory. This decision can be made by the judge in special cases. If a house is located far from communications, has technological and structural violations that do not allow the design to be recognized as a residential premises, then such a building will never be recognized as residential, it will not work to register in it.

It will not be difficult to get a residence permit in a dacha house, suitable for habitation, located on the territory of the settlement, since communications and vital infrastructure in the city are next to the dacha. Therefore, it is preferable to purchase a country house within the land of the settlement.

Explore the term DNP, which means a dacha non-profit partnership, and the term SNT, which means a garden non-profit partnership. If both of these VRIs are used to conduct Agriculture on the respective lands, there are practically no differences. Since the dacha is a territory for non-commercial activities and for recreation of the population.

Within the boundaries of the site under the DNP, it is not necessary to engage in agricultural activities forcibly. Such lands must be used for purposes related to the recreation of citizens.

SNT lands are allocated for management economic activity, aimed at growing various crops for agricultural purposes.

The territory of the land massif for summer cottages is distributed with poor quality soil, since gardening and horticultural activities are not a priority for these lands, and for SNT lands are allocated with more fertile layer soil.

That is why privileged territories for summer cottages are allocated to various categories of citizens in areas with wetlands or within a forest zone, where the soil is acidic and not fertile.

However, in order to create a DNP, an area with more fertile soil is most often chosen, while the lands under the DNP should be located closer to urban infrastructure and roads. In fact, both the territory under the SNT and the land under the DNP are most often used for building cottages. Such areas form small self-educated settlements of citizens.

Please note that there are no officially formed settlements, so the residents of such territories have the following difficulties:

It is not easy to get a residence permit in such houses, if it turned out to be possible to register in a cottage, then difficulties arise with the placement of children in kindergarten and school;
In such territories, it is not forbidden to build only garden houses, which are built according to special regulations, taking into account the fact that the passages between the houses are narrow, the buildings are located close to each other, there is no systematic arrangement of premises on land plots. But keep in mind that such buildings can be erected without obtaining a special permit for the construction of a capital object;
Please note that it will be problematic to bring communications and power supply with the required capacity at the expense of the municipality. For SNT, power is supplied in the amount of about 5 kW, and, for example, in the territory under IZhS it is supposed to supply power of about 15 kW;
Know that Ambulance he will not go to such self-educated settlements, since the driver will not find the address of the place and the number of the garden plot or house. Due to narrow passages between houses, special equipment such as a fire engine will not be able to get to the destination.

Based on this, understand that it is not difficult to build a structure within the territory of SNT or DNP, however, it can be used for permanent residence such premises are not easy, but, more often than not, impossible due to the large number of difficulties in the operation of housing.

Features of SNT lands

Gardening associations are formed with the aim of facilitating the solution of problems of land exploitation by owners. Most often, thanks to the organization of SNT, issues are resolved on the use of common facilities, electricity.

Based on the law "On horticultural, horticultural and suburban non-profit associations citizens "for the formation of SNT, agricultural land is transferred with the main purpose of use, which is to grow crops and conduct agricultural activities to meet the needs of the land owner. At the same time, it is allowed to build houses and other technical and economic structures on the territory of such farms.

It is illegal to obtain registration at the place of residence in the garden house. If a citizen has nowhere else to live, then there is an opportunity through the court to obtain the right to register in a residential building located on a plot of land within the SNT.

Lands in SNT are suitable for those who plan to grow fruit plants, agricultural crops with temporary residence in a capital structure on the territory of the site. The advantage of such land is its low cost in comparison with the territory of the settlement. The cost is due to the fact that it is difficult to permanently reside within such territories, since there is no infrastructure and communications that are present in the territories of the settlement.

The most important feature of land in SNT is that land owners have no time limit during which it is necessary to erect a building or lay a foundation.

Features of DNP lands

The situation is different with dacha non-profit partnerships, which are legal entities that have united citizens who own dachas. Such lands are formed to create and provide recreation for land owners with the possibility of erecting buildings on the site and growing crops within the site.

Be aware that a capital structure must be erected at a summer cottage - this is the main feature of this type of permitted use of land. It is easier to bring communications, gas, electricity and water supply to the summer cottages, however, difficulties will arise with the connection of the sewage system.

Be aware that it is possible to register in a country house on the territory of the DNP as permanent place accommodation. Within the suburban area, it is not necessary to build a garden and grow cultivated plants... The cost of land plots under the DNP is not high, since often the soil is not fertile, and the land is allocated only for spending time in nature and for recreation of the townspeople.

Which is better, SNT or DNP

Keep in mind that SNT was formed at the stage of the initial transfer of state land to citizens or for temporary use in the 1990s, when land was allocated chaotically, the quality of land was in last place in priorities. government organizations... The main goal was to allocate more land for private ownership.

The lands under the DNP were formed and are being formed with a more competent approach: the area is chosen beautiful and comfortable, the soil is fertile. But please note that priority in fertile soil taken into account only in relation to SNT land for agricultural work.

If a plot of land is purchased as a place for recreation and a weekend, then choose the land of the DNP, since communications and infrastructure will allow you to organize a comfortable vacation for the owner and his family.

If the goal is to obtain a crop, then it is necessary to look after fertile lands of the SNT category.

How to transfer SNT or DNP lands to IZHS

There is a problem in which the owner of the land received for use the land belonging to the category SNT or DNP, but the purpose of the owner is the construction of residential premises, which requires the transfer of land to the category of individual housing construction. In theory, such a transfer is not prohibited to initiate and carry out a change in the land use category of the site. However, the owner must overcome many administrative obstacles in the process of changing the VRI plot of land.

To initiate the process, it is necessary to apply to the administration of the settlement with a petition to change the type of permissible use of land within the territory of the owner's plot.

The following documents must be attached to the application:

Russian passport;
Cadastral passport of the site and an extract from the land cadastre;
Extract from the USRN.

Be aware that more documents will be required, but their list will be announced by an already authorized representative of the administration.

The purpose of the application is to obtain permission to annex the territory of the owner's plot to the lands of the settlement. Before sending an application to the administration, make sure that the plot of land is located in close proximity to the lands of the municipality.

If all documents and arguments meet the requirements of the administration, an authorized representative of the local executive power gives the applicant an act on the transfer of land from one category to another. If the transfer of land is refused, then the owner of the site has the right to appeal against the decision of the administration of the settlement in court.

Consider the situation for clarity. There are plots of land near the city with a category of agricultural land. To transfer plots to the category of land for individual housing construction, it is necessary to annex the land of the owners to the territory of the settlement. And for this, it is necessary to amend the master plan for the development of the territory of the municipality and re-approve these changes.

In order not to refuse the applicant on an unlawful basis, the following wording is used: “the land does not correspond to the approved territorial planning documents”. Most often, decisions of refusal with such a reason are not to be appealed in court.

When choosing land for the construction of a residential building, a critical condition is belonging of a site to a certain category of land .

Suitable for this:

Settlement lands
Agricultural land.

SNT Is a garden non-profit partnership. One of the land category, sections of which can be located only on agricultural land

There are also two more categories of lands.:

DNP- dacha non-profit partnership
IZHS- This is a category of land intended for individual housing construction.

Each of the following categories has the type of permitted use of land - individual housing construction, DNP or SNT. SNT plots can be located only on agricultural land, individual housing construction on the lands of settlements, and DNP on both.

SNT - all the pros and cons

Both gardening partnerships and dacha partnerships are located on agricultural land, therefore, the difference between them is hardly perceptible. But there is a difference in price between them - the cadastral payment for SNT plots, as a rule, is higher than for DNP. This is due to the fact that SNT lands are located in more picturesque places, the presence of a more developed infrastructure.

Pros:

low cost;
just like on the lands of the DNP, there is no need to create a project and its verification by authorities;
as a rule, SNT plots are located in picturesque places, often on the banks of rivers and reservoirs;
low tax rate.

Minuses:

complicated process of registration in the house(identical to the site in the DNP);
impossibility of registering a land plot for a mortgage.

There are the following categories of land:

for agricultural purposes;
settlements;
industrial use (energy, television, communications, etc.);
reserved;
reserve lands and others.

What is IZHS?

IZhS plots - "for" and "against"

There is an opinion that plots with a designated purpose “individual housing construction"Are the best option... But, the acquisition of such land carries both advantages and certain disadvantages.

Pros:

Minuses:

as the lands of IZHS are used in great demand, and have many virtues, their price is higher than other types of sites;
before you build a house on the IZHS plot necessary agree on a project, get permission from the relevant authorities. The structure must meet SNiPs and GOSTs. In some regions of the Russian Federation, this is quite problematic. For example, the area of the city of Sochi is a protected area, therefore, the registration of a residential building in this region will be more difficult (for example, an autonomous sewage system should be created using a certain environmentally friendly technology, and so on);
there are restrictions on the size of the land... Regional legislation sets the minimum and maximum size allowed. For example, in the Republic of Tatarstan a prerequisite for registering a house, the area of the plot is larger than 4 ares;
high tax rate. Owning a plot of individual housing construction, the percentage of taxation will be one and a half percent of its cadastral value. The rate for individual housing plots is significantly higher than the rate for SNT and DNP.

What is DNP?

DNP is a dacha non-profit partnership.

Advantages and disadvantages of the site in the DNP

Advantages:

a significant advantage of the land in the DNP is a tangible difference in price compared to the plots of individual housing construction... The cadastral value of plots in the DNP is on average 30-50% lower. Despite the fact that territorially, the sites may be close to each other;
no need to draw up house project, as well as the lack of checks by various authorities;
being the owner of a land plot in a dacha non-profit partnership, owner has voting rights at meetings conducted by the partnership. Can influence important decisions, make suggestions;
low tax rate.

Flaws:

DNP plots, according to their intended purpose, not intended for year-round use, which means that they do not imply the presence of communications. Therefore, connecting city electricity, gas supply will be problematic and financially costly;
it is possible to register at the DNP site, for this it will be necessary to go to court, and this process will take much longer than registration at the IZhS site;
membership in the DNP involves annual fees- payment for the use of summer electricity, water for irrigation, and other needs of the partnership. As a rule, these amounts are rather small, hardly reaching several thousand rubles a year;
when buying a plot of DNP in a mortgage, the probability of getting a loan is close to zero. It is also almost impossible to take a bank loan secured by such a site.

What you need to know about the plots of individual housing construction, DNP and SNT?

IZHS- category of land intended for individual housing construction.
DNP- dacha non-profit partnership.
SNT- garden non-profit partnership.

Each type of land has certain advantages and disadvantages. The price of individual housing plots is reasonably different from the other two. Buying a more expensive plot requires a well-developed infrastructure, walking distance to the city, as well as the availability of communications. The only serious "drawback" is the need for "paperwork" in the process of registering a house and obtaining permits.

At first sight, the advantages of acquiring individual housing land plots are obvious. But in recent years, the lands of SNT and DNP are being actively built up.... The massive popularization of cottage settlements has led to the active development of land in garden partnerships and partnerships.

The situation today is such that the bureaucratic difficulties associated with registering a house and registering in it on agricultural land are gradually becoming a thing of the past. This process is simplified every year.

Over the past few years, more and more legislative norms have appeared to regulate this issue, making the process of registering a house and registration in it on agricultural plots easier. Also, the “dacha amnesty” was extended, according to which much less effort, time and costs are required to obtain documents for an existing house.

The lower cadastral value of the SNT and DNP plots is explained by the difficulties in the registration procedure, the lack of supplied communications, and the remoteness of the plots from the city.

Having stopped their choice on one of these types of land, the algorithm of actions for the possibility of registration is as follows:

registration of a cadastral passport on house;
registration of a built house in the Declaration (as a rule, initially the house is assigned the status of “uninhabited”);
application for retraining at home and assignment of residential status. If the request is satisfied, you can safely register and register. Otherwise, proceed to the next step;
contacting the BTI with a request to assign a technical passport to the house;
filing an application with a court with a petition to grant the house the status of "residential". The likelihood of a satisfactory court decision, in the presence of a technical passport from the BTI, is quite high.

Having made a choice in favor of buying SNT or DNP plots, you need to make sure the legality of the partnership or society. Because the possibility of registering a house and registering in it directly depends on this.

From the point of view of the monetary side of the issue, the most inexpensive acquisition will be a land plot in a dacha non-profit partnership. But such a site will require significant financial investments - laying the road to the site, carrying out communications, and so on.

According to Russian legislation, there are several types land plots by their purpose - for example, agricultural land, settlement land, land intended for the location of industrial facilities. The category of the lot determines in what ways the owner is allowed to use it.

If you are planning to buy a land plot outside the city, most often it is agricultural land. Land tax on it is lower than on plots for individual residential construction. However, often in such areas there are difficulties with the infrastructure, and it is not always possible to register for them either. Therefore, before investing in the purchase of land, you need to find out the features of a particular site.

On the territory of agricultural land, there may be various organizational structures... Often this is DNT (dacha non-profit partnerships) or SNT (horticultural non-profit partnerships).

How does the DNT work?

Dacha non-profit partnerships, in fact, are dacha cooperatives, that is, organizations that are created by the owners of plots to solve various issues. DNT has a chairman and a board, and decisions are made by the general meeting of the participants in the partnership.

The owners of sites included in the DNT pay entrance and membership fees, from which the fund of funds belonging to the DNT as a legal entity is formed. The property that is acquired on behalf of DNT may also belong to him as a legal entity, or be the joint property of all participants in the partnership. Such common property includes, for example, external fences and gates, fire-fighting equipment, waste collection points.

The site owned by DNT can be used as follows:

build a capital house on it with the ability to register in it, for example, a house made of laminated veneer lumber;
erect non-capital buildings for various purposes;
grow trees;
cultivate crops;
organize resting places.

You can register in DNT

Building a house on the site is not mandatory (unlike the lands of the DNP - suburban non-profit partnerships - where the development of land within three years and the construction of a residential building is necessary condition use of the site). Moreover, you can own a plot located on the territory of the DNT, and at the same time not enter into a partnership and, accordingly, not pay membership fees. Instead, you will need to enter into an individual agreement with the partnership, according to which you will pay for the use of the infrastructure. If SNT collects money for some projects (for example, connecting to gas supply or repairing roads), each owner has the right to decide for himself whether to contribute the required funds.

In the long term, buying a land plot on DNT land can be profitable: often living on it is cheaper than paying utility bills for urban housing. In addition, unlike individual housing construction, when you have to resolve all issues on your own, there is an organization that represents the interests of residents. However on initial stage the costs can be significant: you will need not only to build a house, but also to carry out communications. The DNT lands are not always convenient to use for permanent residence, since there are few infrastructure facilities (shops, schools, medical institutions). It is important to understand that in order to resolve many issues, it will be necessary to find contact with neighbors, since decisions in the DNT are made jointly.

For permanent residence, it is more profitable to take land in the DNT

How does SNT work?

SNT differs from DNT, first of all, in its main purpose. If the site belongs to DNT, then it is intended, first of all, for summer cottage construction, and only secondly - for running a personal backyard economy. For plots related to SNT, the main purpose is precisely gardening and horticulture. Therefore, they are often located in areas with more fertile land. Because of this, the cadastral value of the site may be higher than that of the DNT, which will entail a higher land tax.

The SNT management structure is similar to the DNT. The members of the partnership form a board, which elects a chairman. The board develops the charter of the partnership. Decisions are made at general meetings and are valid if the minutes of the established form were kept during the meeting.

It is almost impossible to get a residence permit in SNT

When purchasing a plot related to SNT, it is important to understand that it is almost impossible to get a residence permit on this type of land. Therefore, if you are planning to build your own house and move to live outside the city, this option will not work for you. A plot on the land of SNT is worth buying if you want to do gardening and horticulture, visiting your country estates only from time to time, and not living there permanently.

In addition, it must be borne in mind that the owner himself will be engaged in summarizing communications in SNT for his own money, while DNT takes on this task, solving it at the expense of target or membership fees participants.

What to choose?

Thus, the preference for SNT or DNT is determined by your goals.

A plot in DNT is worth buying if:

you want to build a country house suitable for permanent residence, and possibly register there;
you do not plan to actively engage in gardening and horticulture;
you are ready to overcome the inconvenience of long distance to the city and important city infrastructure.

You can give preference to a plot on the ground of SNT in the following cases:

you want to cultivate crops, and the fertility of the land matters to you;
you do not plan to use the site as your main housing;
you want to limit yourself to the construction of a small country house;
you are ready to incur additional costs for summarizing communications.

It should be borne in mind that SNT and DNT plots are not the only types of land used for suburban construction. Plots for individual housing construction and private household plots are also very popular, which you can read about in a separate article.

Most available types real estate acquisitions are focused on land and buildings located in the following areas:

dacha non-profit partnership (DNP);
dacha non-profit partnership(DNT);
garden non-profit partnership (SNT).

Each of the designated forms of ownership belongs to the type of dacha cooperatives, which unites them according to the principle.

When purchasing a dacha, many citizens consider it expedient to focus on the value of real estate, ignoring other factors that can reduce the efficiency of owning a plot and a house, if they do not deliberately think over the relevant nuances. Accordingly, one should focus not on the similarity of the principles of use, but on certain types of factual and legal differences. Knowing these, you can conduct a little monitoring that will allow buyers to choose the best option real estate.

So, what is SNT and DNP land, as well as DNT?

DNP lands: what is it?

These are plots that belong to a legal entity from among the owners of the memory in the designated complex... A legal entity is understood as a founder who is also a member of the cooperative. Third parties who are not related to the land ownership of the cooperative cannot act as founders.

Those. under the status of the DNP land and what it means that the land belongs to a legal entity from the moment of registration.

The founder acts as an intermediary for the rest of the owners who become members of the cooperative for the purpose of using the land. He agrees with the local administration on the principle of ownership of the array, which, as a rule, allows for both repurchase. If citizens have not previously used the right, they can privatize the leased allotment.

The leadership is carried out by the elected body of the DNP- the board of the cooperative. He is in charge of all administrative activities, as well as control over the exploitation of the lands entrusted to him. Basically - these are lands common use, which are fully managed by a legal entity, it is the chairman of the board.

DNP land and plots on it can be located both on agricultural land and on the land of settlements.

The board of the DNP is authorized to form the infrastructure of the dacha village from the funds legal entity ... It is required to comply with the standards:

tillage - 1 year;
construction time - 3 years.

What is the DNP of the land of settlements figured out, we go further.

What is DNT earth?

This is the joint property of the owners of the memory unit within the suburban village... The property of citizens includes directly used memory, as well as common land. A legal entity has not been formed here, this organization is a set of dacha owners who. In addition, they are authorized to carry out responsible management of common lands, which are indivisible property and belong to them jointly and severally, without the allocation of shares.

Plots of DNT do not provide for lease, since they do not have a representative in the form of a founder - organizer. Land ownership is subdivided:

on the individual property of citizens, acting in the form of land plots belonging to them and adjacent roads, passages, etc.
Lands that are acquired and operated at the expense of citizens' membership fees.

Since land is acquired through a ransom, citizens dispose of it at their own discretion. That is, there is no regulation of the volume of buildings being erected and the timing of their construction. At the discretion of the owners, buildings may not be erected, and the site may be operated only for plantings.

The board is elected by the general meeting and is subject to the decision general meeting... It necessarily includes an accountant who systematically reports on the intended use of membership fees. It is permissible to spend them only for the purposes established by the majority of votes of summer residents. Primarily, this is infrastructure development, construction of linear facilities, etc.

Lands of this type can also be located within the city limits. referring to the lands settlements, as well as - outside the settlements and belong to.

SNT lands

The SNT land plot is a massif that is distinguished by high fertility, and is allocated to citizens only for summer cottages. The quality of the soil compares favorably with the allotments of DNP and DNT. They are always located outside of settlements and belong to agricultural land. Nevertheless, they are not inferior in price compared to urban sections of DNT and DNP, and compared to those located outside the city - much more expensive.

They exist exclusively as a legal entity, with a developed charter and strict standards for the use of common lands. As a rule, these Partnerships are formed as elite summer cottages. Therefore, there is no construction regulation - houses can be built of any area and number of storeys, without restrictions on the part of the founder.

Owner- the founder, but here it is allowed to allocate a plot of ownership through the following procedures:

buyout or privatization;
obtaining permission from the administration and the founder of SNT;
registration of ownership.

Advantages and disadvantages of these types compared to each other

The advantage of DNT and DNP lands over IZHS lands are as follows:

lower cost;
a simpler acquisition (allotment) procedure.

Unlike, these lands are distinguished by the fact that it is possible to build a capital structure here, but it is not allowed to breed poultry and other domestic animals.

Among the priorities of the DNP and DNT lands in comparison with the SNT plots also applies to the budgetary cost of those, with a similar use of sites. But the quality of the soil by its characteristics compares favorably in favor of the allotments of SNT.

Plots in SNT can be used for the construction of a house, but here it is problematic to issue a registration, which will require additional administrative and legal actions. In addition, it practically does not differ from the plot for individual housing construction, but plots are always allocated outside the settlements.

At the same time, building a house in garden partnership not regulated by building codes, which have to be observed by the owners of plots for individual housing construction.

What should you choose?

Based on the presented characteristics, one should focus on the needs of memory buyers.

Definitely, that a priority for a residential building is a plot for individual housing construction, and for the maintenance of a subsidiary farm, which means not only planting a garden and vegetable garden, but also breeding livestock - a plot for private household plots. If you chose the wrong one, then it will help to transfer the category of land from one to another.

When buying a summer house, you should weigh the priorities that relate to the possibility of building a building, the desire to express themselves in an architectural concept or, in principle, to refuse to build. Much depends on the financial capabilities of the family, its provision with transport.

Any of the purchased plots can be used to the maximum benefit for the owner. However, it is advisable to deliberately choose the one that best meets the needs of the family.