A graceful bird swallow. Dictation technique. Barn swallow with a forked tail: description

Transcript

1 VPR 217 Russian language. 4th grade. Variants 2, 11 1 Dictation methodology The text of the dictation is read three times. I. Target setting for listening The teacher slowly and expressively reads the entire text of the dictation in accordance with the pronunciation norms of the Russian language. Reading should not be spelling, "prompting". Students listen. At this stage, it is possible to identify and explain the lexical meaning of words unfamiliar to the student (it is advisable to ask the students if they understand all the words). II. Target setting for writing dictation The text of the dictation is read in separate sentences. The teacher reads the sentence. Students listen. Students start writing a sentence only after the teacher has read it to the end. The teacher dictates a sentence for writing, dividing it into small semantic segments, if necessary. Students write down. When dictating a sentence, the teacher maintains an even pace, a calm tone, thereby preventing a lag in writing. At the same time, it is important to read loudly and clearly, clearly pronouncing the words. The teacher can inform students about the setting of an unlearned punctuation dash in a sentence, as well as when dictation of words with not studied in primary school use spelling spelling.! III. Goal for self-examination After the end of the recording of the entire text, the teacher reads it again in its entirety from beginning to end, pauses between individual sentences. Students check what they have written. Upon completion of the dictation, the teacher needs to read aloud the sentence on the basis of which task 3 is performed. Text of the dictation The graceful bird swallow is called the symbol of spring. The swallow has a black smooth back and a white breast. It is distinguished by a deeply cut tail and beautiful narrow wings. Swallows rarely walk on the ground. But they fly very fast. In the air, swallows get their own food, drink and even sleep! A swallow's nest is built from lumps of wet earth. These little lumps of birds are firmly attached to the wall of the building. Feathered builders put straws, parts of horse hair, reeds, blades of grass between the lumps. Swallows live on river banks, on mountain slopes, in villages. (8 words)

2 Code Verification work in RUSSIAN LANGUAGE 4 CLASS Option 2 Instructions for completing the tasks of part 1 of the verification work 45 minutes are given to complete the tasks of part 1 of the verification work in the Russian language. Part 1 includes 3 tasks. Write down the answers to the tasks in the work on the lines allocated for this. If you want to change the answer, cross it out and write a new one next to it. When performing work, it is not allowed to use a textbook, workbooks, grammar reference books, spelling dictionaries, and other reference materials. You can use a draft if necessary. Draft entries will not be reviewed or graded. We advise you to complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip the task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next. Try to complete as many tasks as possible. We wish you success!

3 Code 1 Record the text for dictation. Part 1 Dictation 2

4 Code 2 Find a sentence in the text with homogeneous predicates. Write out this sentence and underline homogeneous predicates in it. Answer. 3 Write out the 7th sentence from the text. Answer. 1) Underline the main terms in it. 2) Above each word, write what part of speech it is. 3

5 Code Verification work in RUSSIAN LANGUAGE 4 CLASS Option 2 Instructions for completing the tasks of part 2 of the verification work 45 minutes are given to complete the tasks of part 2 of the verification work in the Russian language. Part 2 includes 12 tasks. Write down the answers to the tasks in the work on the lines allocated for this. If you want to change the answer, cross it out and write a new one next to it. When performing work, it is not allowed to use a textbook, workbooks, grammar reference books, spelling dictionaries, and other reference materials. You can use a draft if necessary. Draft entries will not be reviewed or graded. We advise you to complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip the task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next. Try to complete as many tasks as possible. We wish you success!

6 Code Part 2 4 Say the words below, put an emphasis on them over stressed vowels. Gave, occasionally, a quarter, put. 5 In the sentence below, find a word in which all consonants are voiceless. Write this word down. The fisherman laid the rod carefully on the sand. Answer. 2

7 Code Read the text and complete the assignments Write your answers on the lines provided for this. (1) I flew in a helicopter over the sparkling expanses of the Taimyr Peninsula. (2) Far below, northern birches bushy, crosses of low larches stuck out. (3) The frozen tundra lakes stretched like white elephant tracks. (4) Soon we landed, and I, falling knee-deep, walked through untouched snow to the Nenets reindeer herders' camp. (5) A short deer up to my waist: put your hand on its back, bury your fingers in thick fur and gray, as in a mitten. (6) I warmed my hands in the wool of a one-horned deer and decided to touch the horn. (7) He grabbed the rough horn with his hand. (8) The deer shook his head, but the horn remained in my hand! (9) I was at a loss, I looked at the hornless One-Horned One: what kind of One-Horned he is now on the white triangle of his forehead with tubercles instead of horns! (1) I was frightened: it was no joke that I broke the horn. (11) And the white-fronted calmly digs snow with a hoof, last year's moss-reindeer moss looks for and looks at me with a kind nutty eye. (12) Or does he not feel sorry for his horn? (13) It is foolish to stand like that with a deer horn in hand. (14) It's a shame, it would be better to fall through the snow! (15) But then the young Nenets reindeer breeder Noiko reassured me: “In the spring, the reindeer throws off its old antlers. You helped him. The deer says thanks. " (According to L. Yakhnin) 6 What did the author want to say to the reader? Identify and write down the main idea of the text. Answer. 3

8 Code 7 Make and write a three-point outline of the text. In the answer, you can use combinations of words or sentences. Answer Ask a question in the text that will help you determine how accurately your classmates understood its content. Write down your question. Answer. 9 How do you understand the meaning of the word "flew" from the 1st sentence? Write down your explanation. Answer. Flew means 4

9 Code 1 Replace the word "low" ("low") from the 2nd sentence with a word close in meaning. Write this word down. Answer. Low 11 In the 1st sentence, find a word, the composition of which corresponds to the scheme: Write out this word, designate its parts. Answer. 12 Write out from the 3rd sentence all the nouns in the form in which they are used in the sentence. Indicate gender, declension, number, case of one of the forms of the noun (optional). Answer. 13 Write out from the 5th sentence all forms of adjectives with the nouns to which they refer. Indicate the number, gender (if any), case of one of the forms of the adjective (optional). Answer. five

10 Code 14 Write out from the 11th sentence all the verbs in the form in which they are used in the sentence. Answer. 15 Think and write in what life situation it would be appropriate to use the expression Age live and learn. Answer. The expression Vek live and learn will be appropriate in a situation where 6

11 1! 1 The system of assessing the test work in the Russian language Part 1 When assessing the answers, the spelling and punctuation mistakes made by the students to the rules that are not studied in elementary school are not taken into account. Record the text under dictation. The graceful bird swallow is called the symbol of spring. The swallow has a black smooth back and a white breast. It is distinguished by a deeply cut tail and beautiful narrow wings. Swallows rarely walk on the ground. But they fly very fast. In the air, swallows get their own food, drink and even sleep! A swallow's nest is built from lumps of wet earth. These little lumps of birds are firmly attached to the wall of the building. Feathered builders put straws, parts of horse hair, reeds, blades of grass between the lumps. Swallows live on river banks, on mountain slopes, in villages. (8 words) Only the fully written text of the dictation is assessed. Inadvertent skipping of two or three words is possible. Each word containing a spelling that is missing in the text of the dictation is qualified as a spelling error. If the text of the dictation contains five or more corrections of an incorrect spelling for the correct one, then 1 point K1 is removed for completing the task. There may be one or two corrections of incorrect spelling for 4 correct in words with spelling. No more than two spelling errors were made (including one error of the same type). It is possible that there are three 3 corrections of incorrect spelling for correct spelling in words with spelling Errors for one rule are considered to be the same type if the conditions for choosing the spelling are enclosed in grammatical (in a grove, in a field; prick, fight) and phonetic (awl, life; thicket, teapot) features of the given word. Errors for such a rule are not considered the same type, in which, in order to find out the correct spelling of one word, it is required to choose another word or its form (water, water; mouth; mouth; head; head; oral mouth). The first three errors of the same type are counted as one error, each subsequent similar error is counted as an independent error Three or four errors were made 2 Five mistakes were made 1 More than five mistakes were made K2 Punctuation norms were observed No punctuation errors were made 3 One mistake was made 2 Two mistakes were made 1 More than two mistakes were made Maximum score 7

12 2 2 Find in the text a sentence with homogeneous predicates. Write out this sentence and underline homogeneous predicates in it. In the air, swallows get their own food, drink and even sleep! Errors made by the student in the dictation and reproduced when rewriting a sentence are not taken into account when evaluating the performance of this assignment. homogeneous predicates are indicated The sentence is correctly found, when rewriting one or two spelling and one punctuation errors were made, or two spelling errors in the absence of punctuation, or two punctuation errors in the absence of spelling, homogeneous predicates are correctly designated The sentence is found incorrect. OR The sentence was found correctly, no mistakes were made during rewriting, homogeneous predicates are incorrectly designated. OR The sentence was found correctly, when rewriting more than two spelling and one punctuation errors were made, homogeneous predicates are correctly marked Maximum score 3 1

13 3 3 Write out the 7th sentence from the text. 1) Underline the main terms in it. A swallow's nest is built from lumps of wet earth. Correctly designated the main members of the proposal 1 Correctly designated only one main member of the proposal. OR Along with the correct designation of the subject and / or predicate, the minor members (minor member) of the sentence are underlined with the same graphic characters (respectively, with one or two lines). OR All the main members of the sentence are marked incorrectly / not marked. Maximum score 1 2) Above each word, write which part of speech it is. noun noun verb preposition noun adj. noun A swallow's nest is built from lumps of wet earth. The absence of a part of speech above a word in a recorded sentence is equated to an error All parts of speech in a sentence are correctly identified 3 One error was made 2 Two errors were made 1 More than two errors were made Maximum score 3

14 1 Part 2! When evaluating the answers, spelling and punctuation mistakes made by students to the rules that are not studied in elementary school are not taken into account. 4 Say the words below, put an emphasis on them over stressed vowels. Gave, occasionally, a quarter, put. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) Dala, and rarely, quarter l, put it Correctly stressed in all words 2 Correctly stressed in only three words 1 Correctly stressed in only one or two words. OR The stress in all words is put incorrectly / not put. Maximum score 2 5 In the sentence below, find a word in which all consonants are voiceless. Write this word down. The fisherman laid the rod carefully on the sand. In the correct answer the word sand must be written out. The correct word 1 written out. Several words are written out, including the correct one. OR Wrong word spelled out. OR Word not written Maximum score 1

15 2 Read the text and complete the assignments Write your answers on the lines provided for this. (1) I flew in a helicopter over the sparkling expanses of the Taimyr Peninsula. (2) Far below, northern birches bushy, crosses of low larches stuck out. (3) The frozen tundra lakes stretched like white elephant tracks. (4) Soon we landed, and I, falling knee-deep, walked through untouched snow to the Nenets reindeer herders' camp. (5) A short deer up to my waist: put your hand on its back, bury your fingers in thick fur and gray, as in a mitten. (6) I warmed my hands in the wool of a one-horned deer and decided to touch the horn. (7) He grabbed the rough horn with his hand. (8) The deer shook his head, but the horn remained in my hand! (9) I was at a loss, I looked at the hornless One-Horned One: what kind of One-Horned he is now, on the white triangle of his forehead, tubercles instead of horns! (1) I was frightened: it was no joke that I broke the horn. (11) And the white-fronted calmly digs snow with a hoof, last year's moss-reindeer moss looks for and looks at me with a kind nutty eye. (12) Or does he not feel sorry for his horn? (13) It is foolish to stand like that with a deer horn in hand. (14) It's a shame, it would be better to fall through the snow! (15) But then the young Nenets reindeer breeder Noiko reassured me: “In the spring, the reindeer throws off its old antlers. You helped him. The deer says thanks. " (According to L. Yakhnin) 6 What did the author want to say to the reader? Identify and write down the main idea of the text. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) The main idea of the text: In the spring, the deer throws off its old horns. The main idea of the text can be given in a different formulation, which is similar in meaning. The main idea is defined correctly, completely; the sentence is constructed correctly 2 (the word order is observed), it uses words in their characteristic meaning. The main idea is defined correctly, but not fully enough; sentence 1 is constructed correctly (the word order is observed), it uses words in their proper meaning. OR The main idea is defined correctly, completely; in the construction of the sentence and word usage, one or two shortcomings were made. OR The main idea is defined correctly, but not fully enough; there is one defect in the construction of the sentence and word usage. The main idea is defined correctly, completely; more than two shortcomings were made in the construction of the sentence and in the use of words. OR The main idea is defined correctly, but not fully enough; in the construction of the sentence and word usage, two or more shortcomings were made. OR The main idea is not defined / defined incorrectly, regardless of the presence / absence of deficiencies in the structure of the sentence and word usage Maximum score 2

16 3 7 Make and write a three-point outline of the text. In the answer, you can use combinations of words or sentences. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) Approximate plan... 1. Travel to the tundra. 2. The deer has lost its horn. 3. Explanation of the reindeer breeder Noiko. In the plan, in one form or another, the content of the text should be consistently presented. The plan can be written using sentences or phrases. The plan consistently reflects the content of the text; the plan consists of three 3 points; phrases or sentences (points of the plan) are constructed correctly (observing the order of words), they use words in their proper meaning.The plan sequentially reflects the content of the text, the plan consists of three points, in the construction of phrases or sentences (points of the plan) and word usage is allowed one -two shortcomings The plan consistently reflects the content of the text, the plan consists of three points, more than two shortcomings were made in the construction of phrases or sentences (points of the plan) and word usage. OR The plan consistently reflects the content of the text, the plan contains only two correct points, there are one or two shortcomings in the construction of phrases or sentences (plan points) and word usage. OR In the plan the sequence of the content of the text is violated, the plan contains at least two points, in the construction of phrases or sentences (points of the plan) and word usage, one or two mistakes were made The plan does not meet the conditions for setting 3, 2 and 1 points, including only one correct paragraph. OR No plan is in place.Maximum score 3 2 1

17 4 8 Use a text-based question to determine how accurately your classmates understood the text. Write down your question. (other formulations of the answer are allowed without distorting its meaning) The following questions may be asked about the content of the text. Where was the reindeer herders' camp? What kind of fur does a deer have? How did the deer go from being hornless? Whose words calmed the narrator? Other questions related to the content of the text may be asked The question refers to the content of the text, the sentence is written without spelling and punctuation errors The question refers to the content of the text, no more than two spelling and two punctuation errors were made when writing the sentence The answer to the task was not given in the form of a question. OR The question relates to the content of the text, when writing a sentence, more than two spelling and two punctuation errors were made, or three or more spelling errors, regardless of the presence / absence of punctuation errors. OR The question does not apply to the content of the text, regardless of the presence / absence of spelling and punctuation errors. OR No answer Maximum score How do you understand the meaning of the word "flew" from the 1st sentence? Write down your explanation. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) In the context of the sentence specified in the task, such an explanation can be given. Flying means moving through the air. A different explanation, close in meaning, can be given. In the explanation in one form or another in the context of the sentence indicated in the task, the meaning of the word must be formulated. The meaning of the word is correctly explained. 1 The meaning of the word is incorrectly explained. OR No explanation of the meaning of the word given.Maximum score 1

18 5 1 Replace the word "low" ("low") from the 2nd sentence with a word close in meaning. Write this word down. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) The correct answer may contain one of the following synonyms: low, low, stocky. Other synonyms can be selected Correctly selected synonym for this word 1 Not selected synonym for this word Maximum score 1 11 In the 1st sentence, find a word, the composition of which corresponds to the scheme: Write down this word, designate its parts. In the correct answer, the word must be written out and its parts indicated: joke The correct word is spelled out, the parts of the word are correctly designated 2 The correct word is spelled out, when designating parts of a word, one mistake was made The correct word was spelled out, two or more mistakes were made when designating parts of a word. OR Wrong word written out / word not written out Maximum score 2

19 6 12 Write out from the 3rd sentence all the nouns in the form in which they are used in the sentence. Indicate gender, declension, number, case of one of the forms of the noun (optional). The correct answer should contain the following elements: 1) forms of nouns: traces, lakes, tundra; 2) morphological signs of one of the forms, for example: traces of m., 2nd cl., Pl. h., tv. NS.; lakes Wed R., 2nd floor, pl. h., them. NS.; tundra r., 1st warehouse, unit. h., genus. n. Forms of nouns All forms are correctly written out 1 Only one or two forms are correctly written. OR All forms are written out incorrectly / not written out Morphological signs of one of the forms Four signs are indicated correctly 2 Only two or three signs are indicated correctly 1 Only one any sign is indicated correctly. OR All signs are indicated incorrectly / not indicated Maximum score 3 13 Write out from the 5th sentence all forms of adjectives with the nouns to which they refer. Indicate the number, gender (if any), case of one of the forms of the adjective (optional). The correct answer should contain the following elements: 1) forms of adjectives: short (deer), (c) thick (fur); 2) morphological signs of one of the forms, for example: short (deer) unit. h., m. r., them. NS.; (c) thick (fur) unit. h., m. r., wines. n. Forms of adjectives All forms are correctly written out 1 Only one form (of two) or two forms (of three) are correctly written. OR All forms are written out incorrectly / not written out. OR Two characters (out of two) are correctly indicated along with an erroneous indication of gender in the plural All characters are indicated incorrectly / not indicated Maximum score 3

20 7 14 Write out from the 11th sentence all the verbs in the form in which they are used in the sentence. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) The following forms of verbs should be written out in the correct answer: digs, searches, mows all forms correctly written out 1 Only one or two forms are correctly written out. OR All forms are written out incorrectly / not written out. Maximum score 1 15 Think and write in what life situation it would be appropriate to use the expression Century Live and Learn. (other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) Answer option The expression Vek, live, learn will be appropriate in a situation where my older brother is helping my grandfather to master the computer. Others may be submitted life situations in which the use of the specified expression is possible Interpretation of the situation in a given context The expression is correctly interpreted in the context of the presented situation, 2 the presented situation is correct from an ethical point of view The expression is correctly interpreted in the context of the presented situation, the choice 1 of the presented situation is unsuccessful from an ethical point of view The expression is incorrectly interpreted in the context presented situation, the presented situation is correct from an ethical point of view. OR The expression is correctly interpreted in the context of the situation presented, the situation presented is incorrect from an ethical point of view. OR The expression is misinterpreted in the context of the situation presented, the situation presented is incorrect from an ethical point of view Spelling literacy Sentence (s) recorded without spelling and punctuation errors 1 Spelling and / or punctuation errors were made when writing the sentence (s) Maximum score 3 Recommendations for converting primary points into marks on a five-point scale Mark on a five-point scale "2" "3" "4" "5" Primary points

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The little swallow makes a long flight from habitats to wintering grounds and back twice a year. Their migration is a complex and dangerous process. Very often, due to bad weather conditions, they die along the way in whole flocks. A migratory bird with elongated wings and a long, slit tail, spends most of its life soaring in the air, very rarely sinking to the ground. Moreover, swallows eat, mate and even sleep on the fly. Today, about 120 species of these birds are known and studied.

Representatives of the swallow family, living in almost all regions of the planet, with the exception of Antarctica and Australia, easily adapt to any conditions. Eaves of buildings, mountain cliffs, stone caves, cozy corners under bridges, rarely tree branches are often chosen as a nesting place for birds. Birds build their nest from earth or clay, gluing them together with saliva. The swallow covers the bottom of the nest with feathers and plant rags. The female lays 3-7 eggs. Males and females differ little, except in less contrasting plumage in the female. The migratory swallow is a useful bird that feeds on a large number of insects.

Photo: Barn swallows are building a nest.

The birds are small in size, have dense dark blue plumage with a beautiful metallic sheen. Traditional breeding areas are North America, Asia, Europe, Africa, South China, Japan. The most famous for the species diversity of swallows are the central regions of Africa. There are about 15 species of them. Swallows living in warm climatic zones are sedentary.

Swallows in the picture.

On the European territory, the most widespread are urban swallows and village swallows. The former are distinguished by the fact that they attach their nests outside buildings in close proximity to each other. Barn swallows usually nest separately from their winged relatives inside outbuildings and houses.

The swallow is a small graceful bird. The swallow spends all its life in flight, very rarely sinks to the ground. Swallows are insectivorous - they catch their food on the fly. During the season, the swallow destroys a large number of insects, therefore it is considered a very useful bird.

Appearance

The body length of a swallow, depending on the species, ranges from 12 to 24 cm. Its forms are very streamlined. The plumage is dense and fits well to the body. The chest is wide, the neck is short, the head is flat. The swallow's wings are long and pointed; they consist of 18 primary feathers, of which the first is the longest. The tail is long, forked or has a notch in the middle. Legs are short, poorly developed, with long thin toes.

The color of the plumage of the city swallow is bluish-black, casts a metallic sheen. White plumage near the tailtail. The Barn Swallow has a dark blue back with a metallic sheen. There is a wide dark stripe on the breast. The abdomen is light, there are white spots on the tail. The beak is flattened, the mouth is large.

Views

The most common:

Village swallow. The tail has a deep cut, with "braids", which is why this bird is sometimes called the killer whale. Its plumage is dark blue above, white below; the throat of the male is reddish brown. The characteristic cry of this swallow is “Vit-Vit-Vit”. It nests under the roofs of wooden buildings in rural areas.
City swallow. The tail has a small cut. The upper side is dark blue, the upper tail is white. The underside is white. Sizes are somewhat smaller than those of the barn swallow. The voice is trick-trick-trick. It nests almost exclusively on stone buildings.
Coastal swallow. The tail is slightly cut. The top is grayish brown; the bottom is white. Breeds exclusively on coastal slopes, in burrows.

Habitat

Swallows inhabit a vast territory: Europe, Asia, northern Africa and almost all of North America. European swallows winter in Equatorial and South Africa, Asian swallows from India to the Philippines, North American swallows in the northern regions of South America. European swallows return to their nesting sites in late March - April.

Swallow lifestyle

The swallow spends most of its life in the air, only occasionally sitting down to rest on some outstanding object. They descend to the ground only for material for their nests, and move on it, thanks to their small short legs, extremely awkwardly, in small steps. They do the rest in the air, running now low, now high above the ground, chasing muses and small bugs that make up their food. Swallows drink and swim in the water on the fly, touching the water with their body or even dipping their entire head. Among passerine birds, they are the fastest flyers, second in flight speed only to swifts, which are very similar, which is why they are often confused. Due to the speed of flight of the swallows, only a few predator birds, namely small falcons, can get them.

Reproduction

The mating season for birds is in May-August. During this time, the female makes 2 clutches. Couples usually last for several years. The weaker sex is preferred by males with more long tails... In this case, the broods are successful. But marriage relationships for 1 season are also not uncommon. The same males, who cannot find companions for themselves, are nailed to the already established pairs. They participate in the construction and protection of the nest, help to incubate eggs and can even perform mating functions. Thus, there is polygamy in the relationship of some married couples.
The barn swallow usually arranges a nest inside some buildings. It can be a barn, a stable, a shed. Sometimes birds nest under bridges and piers. Hence the corresponding name of the species. The nest itself is molded from clay and mud, which the bird carries in pieces in its beak to the construction site. It is fastened with grass, small twigs, feathers and it turns out to be a bowl-shaped. Lined with grass and feathers inside.
Representatives of the species often nest in colonies. At the same time, each pair assigns itself an area of at least 4-8 square meters. meters. In clutch there are 3 to 7 eggs. The incubation period lasts 2 weeks, sometimes a little more. Chicks are in the nest for 3 weeks. Then they stand on the wing.
Their parents feed them for a couple of weeks, and then the young people begin their independent life. Puberty begins the following spring. The maximum lifespan is 11 years. But the swallow lives, as a rule, for 4 years, sometimes more. Mortality in the first year of life is 70-80%. In subsequent years, it reaches 40-50%. This bird has too many enemies: both ground and winged.

Martin. Photo

Photo of a swallow in flight. Photo: Noel Reynolds

Swallow up close. Photo: Louis

Food

Swallows feed on various insects, which are most often caught in the air. Sometimes they can grab insects sitting on the ground or walls of buildings, as well as pick them up from the surface of the water. Swallows drink in flight, capturing water with their beak.

Video: coastal swallow
Duration 0:23

The opinion that tattooed people come from places not so distant have long disappeared into the past. New generation enjoys making tattoos, rightfully considering body drawings to be art and a way of self-expression.

Fashion pictures

The fact that a tattoo is stylish and fashionable can be seen on the beach, where every second vacationer has one or even several drawings. Anything tattoo lovers draw on their bodies: swallows on the wrist, wolves on the forearm, tigers on the chest, biomechanics on the legs and butterflies on the buttocks ... And if some twenty years ago, tattooed people were treated, to put it mildly, with apprehension , nowadays tattoo is a kind of cult.

Symbol selection

Everyone who has filled (or is just about to fill) a tattoo has spent a lot of time trying to find exactly his own drawing, which is not just a beautiful picture, but also a kind of sacred meaning and special meaning.

Many people sincerely believe that a tattoo is not only a tribute to fashion, but also a kind of talisman that eternally protects its wearer from troubles and attracts love, fame, luck, wealth and longevity into his life. The choice of drawing directly depends on what exactly a person lacks, and what he wants to attract into his life. In this article, we will tell you about one of the most popular swallow tattoos.

Multifaceted bird

One of the most beautiful tattoos for girls - "Swallow" - is not just a drawing of a beautiful bird, but also a special symbol that hides tremendous potential. In addition, the image of swallows looks very unusual, and even luxurious, and they can be applied to any part of the body. But the most interesting thing that the Swallow tattoo carries in itself is the meaning of this drawing. By the way, there are several of them, and we will tell you about each of them.

The sign of the goddesses

In ancient Egypt, the swallow was considered a symbol of Isis - the goddess who
patronized families, pregnant women, farmers and sailors. It was she who helped lovers to remain faithful, to women in childbirth - it is easy to relieve themselves of the burden, the sailors gave a fair wind, and the farmers - clear weather and the rains necessary for the harvest.

The Greeks associated the swallow with the goddess of love Artemis. It was believed that with these birds she sends messages to people.

In Japan, the swallow symbolizes the feminine principle, happiness, love, courageous undertakings and changes for the better. Thus, the "Swallow" tattoo, the meaning of which is always only positive, can bring love and good luck to its owner.

Tattoo for all occasions

In our time, the "Swallow" tattoo, the meaning of which is very multifaceted, is stuffed not only by young maidens, but also by adult women, and even men. We offer full list values of this symbol:

The swallow is a symbol of the hearth, because it is known for certain that these birds always return home. If the house is sacred for you, then its symbol is perfect for you.
This bird is freedom in everything: in creativity, in work, in life. For those who lack self-confidence, who are constrained by any framework, "Swallow" will help "spread wings" and achieve all their goals.
These birds are very fast, impetuous, therefore boxers put images of such birds on their fists in order to increase the speed of the blow in battle.
Guess what else the swallow is associated with? Why do young maidens more often than others order such a tattoo? The swallow, the meaning of which is associated with spring, youth and beauty, looks especially beautiful on the wrist, shoulder blade and neck, and its bearer will always be as fresh as a rose petal.
To attract good luck into your life, you can depict this bird with a four-leaf clover in its beak or with a horseshoe in its paws. Both the clover and the horseshoe are world-famous talismans of good luck, and together with the swallow, they are just a magic talisman!
Lovers can fill a swallow on their ring fingers instead of wedding rings. This stylized bird will keep the newlyweds from betrayal, resentment, disappointment, quarrels and separation. Having adorned myself with swallows, loving people remain faithful to each other and walk hand in hand through life.
In addition to the above, the swallow also has a spiritual, sacred meaning. It is believed that these birds communicate with the souls of the dead and visit the stars. Also, the swallow symbolizes resurrection and a new beginning.

13.12.2016

Classification

Genus: swallows

Family: swallow

Detachment: passerine

Class: birds

A type: chordates

Kingdom: animals

Dimensions: wingspan - 30-34 cm; body length - 17-23 cm; body weight - 15-20 gr.

Life Expectancy: 4-5 years old.

The swallow is a small graceful bird that travels really great distances in the process of migration. To date, about 120 bird species have been identified, most of which are migratory.

The bird spends most of its life in flight, it is on the fly that feeding, reproduction, and hunting take place. The habitat of swallows is very wide - these crumbs are unpretentious and easily adapt even to the most difficult living conditions.

Swallows prefer to keep in flocks - it is easier to protect the nesting territory from uninvited guests, as well as to defend against potential enemies, which are numerous in the natural environment.

Graceful and fragile birds annually cover great distances in an effort to get to their homeland.

Swallows are not adapted to walking on the ground

External description

Probably almost everyone knows what a swallow looks like. These graceful birds live not only in countryside but also in large cities.

With attentiveness and observation, it is quite possible to see that different types swallows clearly differ from each other in appearance: color, size, weight.

However, some general description, uniting these birds, is still there. Among the similarities, it is necessary to name:

streamlined body structure, which provides the swallow with excellent aerodynamic qualities;
rigid plumage, very tightly attached to the body;
poorly developed limbs;
long pointed wings;
predominantly bluish-black color of plumage, various variations of shades are permissible, depending on the species;
plumage also has a white color in the area of the abdomen, upper tail, or breast;
simplified beak structure.

Feeding chicks is a very responsible occupation.

Most of the photos show swallows in flight, or in the immediate vicinity of the nest, which resembles a ball. This can be explained by the fact that these tiny birds spend the vast majority of their lives in flight.

Some unusual appearance, light weight, dense plumage - all these qualities together allow swallows not only to fly well over short distances, but also to overcome thousands of kilometers during the migration period.

Habitat

Despite its fragility and small size, the swallow is a unique bird, the simplicity of which allows it to settle in almost any region. The habitat of these birds is incredibly wide.

They do not live only in the Far North, which is due to the harsh climatic conditions.

Within the territory of modern Russia the most common are two main types of swallows: village and city.

As the names suggest, the urban swallow predominantly lives within the boundaries of large settlements... Also, this species of birds settles in rocky areas, building nests in stone crevices.

As for the second species, the village swallow prefers the most peaceful and quiet countryside as its main habitat.

Often, the bird settles in the immediate vicinity of open natural reservoirs, due to the abundance building materials for nests, as well as a large number of insects.

Swallow species

Almost all the life of swallows is in flight.

Almost everyone knows what a swallow looks like. But not everyone suspects that there are many different types these birds.

As the most common, living almost everywhere, up to the northern regions, it is necessary to name the following:

Barn swallow. The look of this bird can be called a kind of classic: blue-black back and wings, white-pink chest and abdomen. Among the people, this species has received the widespread name "killer whale". Such birds settle in the immediate vicinity of housing, often building nests right under the roofs of houses. It is about the killer whale that many poems of Russian poets are composed, and it is this species of swallows that marks the end of winter and the onset of summer with its arrival.
City swallow. This view differs from killer whales only in lighter plumage on the abdomen. In addition, the city swallow, also called the "funnel", is most common in the northern regions.
Earthen swallows, including the common oneswift ... Unlike most of their relatives, representatives of this species prefer to use shallow burrows dug in the ground as housing. Despite the name, almost all life of earthen swallows passes in flight, they touch the soil only when arranging nests, as well as hatching offspring.
Wood swallows. They differ from other species in bright, very interesting color. The plumage of these birds is black, but has one characteristic feature- thick purple tint.

Nobody canceled lunch

Ant traps. These birds are exclusively distributed in South America... Unlike many other members of the family, they do not migrate, leading a sedentary lifestyle. As the name suggests, this species of swallows feeds mainly on large tree ants (by the way, this delicacy is also adoredrobins and jays ). Also, as their main feature, it is necessary to name strong and strong legs, which is not typical for most swallows.

Lifestyle

Swallows often settle in large colonies.

As mentioned above, most swallows are - migratory birds migrating during the cold season from northern countries to southern regions. This is explained quite simply - the main source of food for these small birds are insects.

There are also sedentary species of swallows, but only countries with a warm and mild climate are called as their habitat.

Lower limbs birds are practically not adapted to walking, respectively, almost their entire life is spent in flight. Due to the need to make long migrations twice a year, huge flocks of swallows fly over great distances.

Due to the negative impact of weather conditions, lack of sufficient food, as well as diseases, many birds die during the flight.

As a rule, swallows, which spend the summer months in temperate regions, arrive at their nesting sites in early to mid-May.

Winter migration begins around mid-September. The times indicated may vary slightly depending on the amount of food found by the birds.

Nesting and breeding

Swallows form stable pairs

Often, swallows, belonging to the most common species, settle in large colonies numbering more than one hundred individuals. During the breeding season, birds divide into pairs.

As a rule, the formed pair persists throughout their entire life span. However, if the previous offspring were weak and painful, the formation of a new pair is possible.

In swallow colonies there is interesting feature: if the male does not find a female for himself during the courtship period, he may well join an already established pair.

In such cases, the male can play the role of a kind of nanny and housekeeper: he helps to build a nest, feed chicks and protect the territory from uninvited guests, includingcuckoos .

Sometimes swallows hatch other people's eggs if they accidentally fall into their nest.

In regions with a temperate climate, the courtship and mating period falls around mid-May-early June. The number of clutches depends on the weather conditions.

In a favorable year, provided that there are no frosts and sudden changes in temperature, a pair of swallows is quite capable of raising two or three broods.

At the same time, there is an interesting feature in the bird family: the grown chicks belonging to the first clutch and having already left the nest help their parents to feed their younger brothers.

Both the male and the female take part in the construction of the nest. Birds build a frame from moist soil or clay, additionally wetting the material with their own saliva.

To keep warm in the dwelling, the female covers the nest with a layer of soft grass, down and feathers.

Most often, swallows catch insects on the fly.

Upon completion of the construction of the nest, the female lays three to seven eggs, incubating them for two to two and a half weeks. The male also accepts Active participation in incubation, replacing the female at the time of feeding, or bringing various insects to her nest.

A swallow chick is born absolutely helpless, blind and naked, but at the same time has an enviable appetite. In order to feed the offspring, parents need to provide their offspring with at least four hundred portions of food daily.

A swallow nestling takes its wing sixteen days after hatching, and after three weeks it leaves the parental nest.

Swallows build beautiful and strong nests

Many poems have been composed about swallows; these tiny birds appear in various fairy tales and stories. Some of the most interesting facts about bird life include:

Almost all types of swallows, with the exception of only a few, forage exclusively in the air, seizing insects in flight. They are practically not adapted to other food, which explains their flights over long distances during the onset of winter cold weather.
These birds spend a significant part of their life in the air. They eat, drink, sleep and mate on the fly.
The lower limbs of the swallows are practically not adapted to locomotion on the ground. If circumstances force them to do this, the birds walk very awkwardly.
Often in temperate zones, the female makes two clutches during the summer. In such cases, chicks do not always have time to get strong enough to cover a long distance during migration. Then the parents stay with the offspring until the moment when the chicks are ready to fly.
City and barn swallows, staying in the cold season in countries with hot climates, often change their usual diet, feeding on large ants. Eating these insects provides the birds with sufficient nutrients to gain weight before migrating.
Long flights are not easy for swallows. A considerable number of birds die not only from hunger and fatigue, but also from unfavorable weather conditions, as well as through the fault of various predators.
A very interesting feature distinguishes the village swallow: this tiny bird cannot live without constant singing. As well aswaxwing , she sings constantly, including during the flight, eating, and also in times of danger. For this characteristic feature, this bird has become one of the main characters in Russian fairy tales, which announces the arrival of spring by singing.
Swallows are good builders. To give strength to the nests, they use stalks of dry grass, long hair of animals, threads that are woven between layers of clay.
Village and city swallows are practically not afraid of people. On the contrary, birds of these species prefer to build their nests in close proximity to human habitation. Often - right under the roof, on open balconies and loggias, windows. Such a neighborhood is very useful for humans - birds prevent flying insects from entering the open windows.
Mostly swallows form a pair, which lasts throughout their entire short life. But with the birth of offspring, insufficiently adapted to existence, weakened and sickly, the couple may break up.
The average life span of birds is about four years. But there is official data on centenarians, whose age was at least eight years.

Swallows are characters from many stories and fairy tales

In Russian and Old Church Slavonic mythology, the swallow is a symbol of spring, warmth and rebirth, the beginning of a new life. And this is quite understandable - the merry song of these glorious birds, who have overcome incredible distances every year, testifies to the end of the long winter and cold weather, meaning the arrival of spring and the sun.

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