Who owns apple. Brands. Apple against everyone

Recently, the world was shocked by the sensational news - the capitalization of the "Bitten Apple" company exceeded $ 700 billion.

But that's not all:

"Apple investor and major shareholder Carl Icahn estimated the value of one share of this company at $ 216, which is $ 91 higher than their current value. According to Icahn, Apple's capitalization should be about $ 1.3 trillion" (RBC)

Leaving aside the fairness of such a fantastic share price, letting it be a fact that Apple is the world's largest company. Let's ask a simple but sensitive question, who owns this company at a cost equal to the budgets of several European countries combined?

It would seem that the quote from RBC clearly and clearly states that the main shareholder is a certain Karl Icahn, an eccentric billionaire, a cynical business shark, a well-known raider and extortionist, a brawler and much more. Actually, it is he who is most often mentioned in the media as the main shareholder and newsmaker. There is also Tim Cook - general manager Apple (the one that is officially gay), but he is a figure appointed by the shareholders, that is, he is not the owner in any way.

However, after carefully examining the situation, we discover an amazing fact - billionaire Carl Icahn owns only 1 (one) percent of Apple shares. Of course, the cost of even one percent is a huge amount, but this is only one hundredth part! Where is the rest? The question is not that hidden, but on the example of the same RBC, not only hushed up, but also openly falsified in the media.

Is it really difficult to look at open and quite official data from the register of shareholders? Nothing is easier, and we can easily do it ourselves:

Vanguard Group, Inc. (The) 5.68%

State Street Corporation 4.11%

BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A. 2.72%

Bank of New York Mellon Corporation 1.42%

Northern Trust Corporation 1.39%

BlackRock Fund Advisors 1.21%

Amazing. opening, but Carl Icahn is not even one of the ten coolest shareholders in Apple! Who are these mysterious real owners?

In the first place Vanguard Group - for the uninitiated reader, and for many economists the name is unfamiliar, although in any reference book you can find information that the company controls assets as much as $ 2 trillion ($ 2,000 billion). Which is three times the cost of the same Apple! These are the modest ones. In fact, the amount of assets under their control is several times larger, but we will analyze this later.

Before moving on to a further discussion of shareholder and ownership structure, a small lyrical digression should be made.

The ideals of democracy (C) and the media picture that serves as a screen for the true owners do not fit well with the fact that all the world's largest companies are owned by the same handful of people. How can this apparent contradiction be hidden? Everything is very simple - you need to create the appearance that there are supposedly many owners (shareholders) and they are all "different".

Indeed, can the "masters of the world" have a measly 5-6% stake? Any liberal will laugh in your face if you tell him that. The fact that this "measly six percent" is worth forty to fifty billion dollars does not bother anyone - with such a modest package of guaranteed to place your CEO, a problem already arises. Full control of a company with a turnover of hundreds of billions of dollars requires twenty percent - no more, since it is impossible for competitors to collect a bag of more than 20% (it will cost under a hundred yards of $).

And suddenly, some Chinese will buy as much as seven percent of the shares and they will be able to run everything in the largest American company?

"This will not happen!" - the real masters of the world decided a long time ago and insured themselves.

To understand how they exercised total control and observed the appearance of the absence of one owner, we return to our list of shareholders. In second place is the company:

State Street Corporation - owns 4.11%

And who are they, the average reader will ask? And again, google (yahoo) to help us:

And who are his largest shareholders?

1.Massachusetts Financial Services Co (Canadian Insurance Company- who owns confused)

2.Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc - 7%

3.Vanguard Group (where can we go without it!) - 6%

4. BlackRock (his turn will come soon!) - 5%

We look even deeper into who is the shareholder of Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc

and we see all the same acquaintances: Vanguard and BlackRock (remember this name, it is often met, walking hand in hand with our main character)

That is, in exactly the same manner, the monster Vanguard controls the second major shareholder of Apple! A simple trick and ten percent of the apple is already in your pocket. But that's not all!

In the top ten there are two offices with a similar name BlackRock & BlaBla and the third time the name BlackRock is mentioned in the shareholders of State Street. (by the way, Vanguard has dozens of such subsidiaries - so it's not a fact that we can count all of their holdings even approximately - even the largest ones)

Naturally, among the owners of BlackRock we find all the same faces:

We add another four percent and we already get 14% of all Apple shares held by one office - Vanguard! Again, this is not all.

What else is left among the dummy owners of Yabluk?

FMR LLC (Fidelity Management and Research), Fidelity Investments likewise we will find exactly identical names among shareholders: Blackrock, Vanguard, State Street and so on.

That is, Fidelity is again controlled by the Vanguard Group!

Total: "modest" 17% in the piggy bank.

A wonderful scheme of mutual ownership and cross corporatization. And if one of the shareholders seems to be not directly related to Vanguard, then its shareholders are exactly under their control, and even in the third iteration (level) it will be the same.

That is, Vanguard:

1. Officially - Apple's main shareholder. For comparison, the clown who publicly portrays the largest shareholder of Apple - Karl Icahn has only 1% of the shares, which is five times less than this one package.

2. Vanguard also has the largest shareholdings in almost all other companies that own large stakes in Apple. But even that is not enough!

3. Vanguard, not only owns the largest blocks of shares, but also controls the shareholders of the companies from point 2. !!!

And in conclusion, a quote from Tatyana Volkova's blog on the topic:

About octopus, pyramid - and in general a continuation about Vanguard

This is the picture that has emerged today during the investigation. The largest companies in the world are Bank of America, JP Morgan, Citigroup, Wells Fargo, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley.

Let's see who their biggest shareholders are. Bank of America: State Street Corporation, Vanguard Group, BlackRock, FMR (Fidelity), Paulson, JP Morgan, T. Rowe, Capital World Investors, AXA, Bank of NY, Mellon.

JP Morgan: State Street Corp., Vanguard Group, FMR, BlackRock, T. Rowe, AXA, Capital World Investor, Capital Research Global Investor, Northern Trust Corp. and Bank of Mellon.

Citigroup: State Street Corporation, Vanguard Group, BlackRock, Paulson, FMR, Capital World Investor, JP Morgan, Northern Trust Corporation, and Fairhome Capital Mgmt and Bank of NY Mellon.

Wells Fargo: Berkshire Hathaway, FMR, State Street, Vanguard Group, Capital World Investors, BlackRock, Wellington Mgmt, AXA, T. Rowe and Davis Selected Advisers.

Then check it out for yourself. The largest financial companies are completely controlled by ten institutional and / or stock shareholders, of which a core of four companies present in all cases and in all decisions can be distinguished: Vanguard, Fidelity, BlackRock and State Street. They all "belong to each other", but if you carefully tweak the balance of the block of shares, it turns out that in reality Vanguard controls all of these partners or "competitors", that is, Fidelity, BlackRock and State Street.

Now let's take a look at the tip of the iceberg. That is, several companies selected as the largest in various industries controlled by this "Big Four", and upon closer examination, simply by the Vanguard corporation: Alcoa Inc.

Altria Group Inc., American International Group Inc., AT&T Inc., Boeing Co., Caterpillar Inc., Coca-Cola Co., DuPont & Co., Exxon Mobil Corp., General Electric Co., General Motors Corporation, Hewlett- Packard Co., Home Depot Inc., Honeywell International Inc., Intel Corp., International Business Machines Corp., Johnson & Johnson, JP Morgan Chase & Co., McDonald's Corp., Merck & Co. Inc., Microsoft Corp. ., 3M Co., Pfizer Inc., Procter & Gamble Co., United Technologies Corp., Verizon Communications Inc., Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Time Warner, Walt Disney, Viacom, Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, CBS Corporation, NBC Universal ...

Corporations at $ 240, $ 91 higher than their current value. According to Icahn, Apple's capitalization should be about $ 1.3 trillion.

Let's leave the question of the fairness of such a share price, and accept it as a fact that Apple is the world's largest company. The resource is set simple question: who owns a company at a cost equal to the budgets of several European countries combined?

It would seem that the main shareholder is a certain Karl Icahn - an eccentric billionaire, a cynical business shark, a famous raider and extortionist, a brawler and much more. Actually, it is he who is most often mentioned in the media as the main shareholder and newsmaker. There is also Tim Cook - the CEO of Apple, but he is a figure appointed by the shareholders, that is, he is not the owner in any way.

However, after carefully examining the situation, we discover an amazing fact - billionaire Carl Icahn owns only 1% of Apple shares. Of course, the cost of even one percent is a huge amount, but this is only one hundredth part! Where is the rest? The question is not only hidden, but not only hushed up in the media, but also openly falsified.

Is it really difficult to look at open and quite official data from the register of shareholders? Nothing is easier, and we can easily do it ourselves:

Vanguard Group, Inc. (The) - 5.68%
State Street Corporation - 4.11%
FMR, LLC - 3.07%
BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A. - 2.72%
Bank of New York Mellon Corporation - 1.42%
Northern Trust Corporation - 1.39%
BlackRock Fund Advisors - 1.21%

Amazing. opening, but Carl Icahn is not even one of the ten largest shareholders in Apple. Who are these mysterious real owners?

The Vanguard Group comes first. For the uninitiated reader, and for many economists, the name is unfamiliar, although in any reference book you can find information that the company controls assets of $ 2 trillion ($ 2000 billion). Three times the cost of the same Apple. These are the modest ones. In fact, the amount of assets under their control is several times larger, but we will analyze this later.

Before moving on to further analysis of Apple's shareholder structure, a small lyrical digression should be made.

The ideals of democracy and the media screen for the true owners do not fit well with the fact that all the world's largest companies are owned by the same handful of people. How can this apparent contradiction be hidden? Everything is very simple - you need to create the appearance that there are supposedly many owners (shareholders) and they are all “different”.

Indeed, can the "masters of the world" have a measly 5-6% of the shares? Any liberal will laugh in your face if you tell him that. The fact that these “pitiful six percent” cost $ 40-50 billion does not bother anyone - with such a modest package of guaranteed appointments to their CEO, a problem already arises. For full control of a company with a turnover of hundreds of billions of dollars, 20% is required - no more, since it is impossible for competitors to collect a bag more. And suddenly, some Chinese will buy 7% of the shares and they will be able to run everything in the largest American company?

"This will not happen!" - the real masters of the world decided a long time ago and insured themselves.

To understand how they exercised total control and maintained the appearance of the absence of one owner, we return to our list of Apple shareholders. In second place is State Street Corporation, which owns 4.11%. And who are his largest shareholders?

Massachusetts Financial Services Co (Canadian insurance company - who owns confused)
Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc - 7%
Vanguard Group (where can we go without it!) - 6%
BlackRock (his turn will come soon!) - 5%

Let's take a deeper look at who is the shareholder of Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc. And we see all the same acquaintances: Vanguard and BlackRock (remember this name, it is often found walking hand in hand with our main character). That is, in exactly the same manner, the monster Vanguard controls the second major shareholder of Apple. A simple trick and a 10% stake in an apple is already in your pocket. But that's not all.

In the top ten there are two offices with a similar name BlackRock & BlaBla, and for the third time the BlackRock name is mentioned in the shareholders of State Street (by the way, Vanguard has dozens of such subsidiaries - so it’s not a fact that we can count all of their possessions even approximately - even the most large). Naturally, we find the same faces among BlackRock owners.

We add another four percent and we already get 14% of all Apple shares held by one office - Vanguard! Again, this is not all. What else is left among the dummy Apple owners?

FMR LLC (Fidelity Management and Research), Fidelity Investments likewise we will find exactly identical names among shareholders: Blackrock, Vanguard, State Street and so on. That is, Fidelity is again controlled by the Vanguard Group!

Total: “modest” 17% in the piggy bank.

That is, Vanguard:

1. Officially - the main shareholder of Apple. For comparison, the one that publicly portrays Apple's largest shareholder, Karl Icahn, has only 1% of the shares, which is five times less than this stake alone.

2. Vanguard also has the largest shareholdings in almost all other companies that own large stakes in Apple. But even that is not enough!

3. Vanguard, not only owns the largest stakes, but also controls the shareholders of the companies from paragraph 2.

This is the picture that has emerged today during the investigation. The largest companies in the world are Bank of America, JP Morgan, Citigroup, Wells Fargo, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley.

Let's see who their largest shareholders are:

Bank of America: State Street Corporation, Vanguard Group, BlackRock, FMR (Fidelity), Paulson, JP Morgan, T. Rowe, Capital World Investors, AXA, Bank of NY, Mellon.
JP Morgan: State Street Corp., Vanguard Group, FMR, BlackRock, T. Rowe, AXA, Capital World Investor, Capital Research Global Investor, Northern Trust Corp. and Bank of Mellon.
Citigroup: State Street Corporation, Vanguard Group, BlackRock, Paulson, FMR, Capital World Investor, JP Morgan, Northern Trust Corporation, and Fairhome Capital Mgmt and Bank of NY Mellon.
Wells Fargo: Berkshire Hathaway, FMR, State Street, Vanguard Group, Capital World Investors, BlackRock, Wellington Mgmt, AXA, T. Rowe, and Davis Selected Advisers.

The largest financial companies are fully controlled by ten institutional and / or equity shareholders, of which a core of four companies can be distinguished in all cases and in all decisions: Vanguard, Fidelity, BlackRock and State Street. They all "belong to each other", but if you carefully tweak the balance of the block of shares, it turns out that in reality Vanguard controls all of its partners or "competitors", that is, Fidelity, BlackRock and State Street.

Now let's take a look at the tip of the iceberg. That is, several companies selected as the largest in various industries controlled by this "Big Four", and on closer examination - simply by the Vanguard corporation: Alcoa Inc. Altria Group Inc., American International Group Inc., AT&T Inc., Boeing, Caterpillar, Coca-Cola, DuPont & Co., Exxon Mobil, General Electric Co., General Motors Corporation, Hewlett-Packard Co., Home Depot Inc. , Honeywell International Inc., Intel Corp., International Business Machines Corp., Johnson & Johnson, JP Morgan Chase & Co., McDonald, Merck & Co. Inc., Microsoft, 3M Co., Pfizer Inc., Procter & Gamble Co., United Technologies Corp., Verizon, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Time Warner, Walt Disney, Viacom, Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, CBS Corporation, NBC Universal.

"An apple falls not far from an apple tree," says popular wisdom. We have a great occasion to investigate how correct the Russian proverb is. After all, today's article is about legendary Apple(from the English "apple"), which was founded by no less famous.

We introduced this person to our readers earlier, and now it's time to get acquainted with his "brainchild" - Apple, the largest manufacturer of personal and tablet computers, audio players, mobile phones and software.

Apple was founded in 1976 Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne... She has already crossed her 35-year mark and boasts some accomplishments.

When the company was founded, Steve Jobs was 21, Steve Wozniak was 25 and Ronald Wayne was 41. This significant event took place in the house of Steve Jobs' adoptive parents, or rather in the garage:

I ask you to pay special attention to this fact. Many well-known global brands that are worth billions of dollars began their journey in an ordinary garage.

Many newcomers who want to open their own business think that opening their own business requires a lot of money, that they need to rent a business premises, purchase goods or equipment, and hire a bunch of personnel.

As a result, even at the start, a rather large amount accumulates, which the beginner simply does not have. And this amount usually scares a person away. Of course, there are types of businesses that require fabulous money to open from the very first days.

Look for ideas that don't require a lot of money to implement, and so that this business can be started in your parents' garage or even right in your room. But back to Apple.

Apple is the most influential brand in the world and the most valuable company in the world

In May 2011, according to the rating of research agency Millward Brown, the Apple brand was named the most valuable brand in the world. According to Forbes data for October 2012, the Apple brand has burst into the lead in the ranking of the "most influential", ahead of brands like IBM and IBM.

In November 2013, the market capitalization of the company, that is, its actual value is about $ 472 billion, and the company reached its maximum capitalization in September 2012, when its market value was estimated at more than $ 700 billion. making Apple the most valuable company in history!

Apple is headquartered in the small town of Cupertino, which is 75 km from San Francisco, California. Interestingly, the number of Cupertino residents is even less than the number of Apple employees - the company currently employs 60,400 employees!

What is the advantage that distinguishes the thousands of Apple from its competitors and allows it to earn billions of dollars?

The company, historically a manufacturer of PCs and software, has expanded its market segments in the 21st century, entering the next development orbit with new audio players, smartphones and tablet computers.

Apple is definitely a leader, an innovative company, and in this it is very similar to its co-founder Steve Jobs.

The merits of Apple are undeniable, because iPod audio player made a real breakthrough in the world of digital music, iPhone smartphone changed our vision of mobile phones, and iPad tablet set the vector for the development of the digital devices market.

All these "i-gadgets" have become an integral part of the image of a business, respectable and successful person... I would not be surprised if smart Apple devices with an “ai” prefix completely displace names such as “audio player”, “phone” and “tablet computer” from everyday life.

Tim Cook, Apple's CEO since 2011, said he is very proud that the company is entering the holiday season “with the best iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod, and full confidence in the potential of our new product line».

The production of these new products, which are in high demand around the world, have really dramatically improved Apple's financial position.

As Steve Jobs said at the presentation of the first iPhone in 2007: “We did not create a new phone, we reinvented it”

And at the presentation of the Internet tablet iPad 2 in 2011, he announced the onset of the era of post-computer devices.

According to him, they are simpler and more understandable than the usual PCs and it is for them that he sees the future, while his competitors are only "trying to find the optimal balance in new PC models."

And even though these same competitors, represented by the founder of Microsoft, call the iPad just "a good reader and nothing more," time will tell who is right.

And this is the highlight of Apple. More precisely, one of many. After all, if you unravel the secret formula for the success of the apple company and master the art of creating such popular and beloved products and devices, you can become fabulously rich.

I would like to note that after the appearance of the tablet, some of the Internet publications began to develop special applications for it, for example, the most popular magazine in the United States, Time, developed a whole concept for its iPad version.

However, was it really only innovation and high technology that helped Apple reach the pedestal on which the company comfortably sits today?

After all, now Apple is more than new IT technologies and modern production... Apple stands for aesthetic design, a unique reputation, a recognizable style, a successful image and a whole culture in the consumer electronics industry. In a word, Apple is legend.

And let them say that “it's easy to find out if a person has an iPhone - he himself boasts about it in the first five minutes of acquaintance” and “the main purpose of the iPad is to show that you can afford an iPad”.

There is some truth in every joke, and the fact that "apple" jokes have appeared testifies to the fact that all these "ay-things" have leaked into our market, have taken root there and fell in love.

Although this is true. Today, Apple products are more likely, first and foremost, a symbol of wealth and prosperity for their owner. People who buy an iPhone for the first time don't do it because of it. technical features, but due to getting the status.

After all, if you understand this, then for the same price you can buy a gadget that is more sophisticated in technical terms, but whose name is not so well known. Perhaps this feature needs to be adopted.

If you are in business or plan to create one, then you need to aim not only at the technical parameters of your product or service, but also at its social aspects... If you manage to create a product that is cool to own, then your business will go right.

To dot the "i" s in this "Apple" prefix, I will say that Apple is even more than a manufacturer of i-gadgets.

After all, the company stood at the origins of the creation of personal computers, its history is not simple and interesting.

One of the merit of Apple is that it was this company that paved the way for the production of personal computers with the Apple II series of PCs. In addition, Apple saw the great possibilities of the graphical interface and computer mouse earlier than others, introducing them into its products.

Let's put it in order important milestones Apple's long journey:

1976 - the year of foundation of the company.

One of the versions of the origin of the name says that Steve Jobs wanted to see the company on the first pages of the telephone directory, hence the name with "a", and according to the second version he simply fulfilled his threat to call the company "Yabloko", because nothing better was invented.

By the way, this is how the first logo of Apple Computer looked like.

By the way, it was this logo that came up with the third Apple co-founder Ronald Wayne(Ronald Gerald Wayne). He is also called one of the biggest losers in the world, having lost a tenth of the company for just $ 2,300.

The fact is that when they opened Apple, Ronald Wayne had no confidence in the favorable future of this company. In addition, he had property, which he risked if business in this business went unsuccessfully.

Legally, all members of the company were responsible for any debts of the company, even if they arose through the fault of another partner. Jobs and Wozniak still had nothing at that time. They risked almost nothing, and Wayne could lose his property, which could go to creditors if things went wrong.

Let me remind you, officially the company Apple Computer, Inc was incorporated on April 1, 1976, and Wayne relinquished his share on April 12, that is, less than 2 weeks later. Thus, he deprived himself of a potential fortune of $ 70 billion!

Let me remind you that in September 2012 Apple was worth more than $ 700 billion, and 10% of this amount is $ 70 billion. Well, as they say: “If I knew the buy-in, I would live in Sochi”. And we will return to the history of the company, or rather the logo.

The logo designed by Ron Wayne did not catch on with the company. It was used for about a year, after which it was decided to replace it with something simpler and more understandable. As a result, Steve Jobs turned to designer Rob Janoff, who created this logo:

This logo was created in just a week, and they took a bite to make it firmly associated with an apple, because without a bite it could be confused with a tomato.

The Apple logo is simple, straightforward and recognizable. He appears in films, in places where successful people meet, and more and more often in everyday life. They say that even the president of Samsung, Apple's main competitor in the smartphone market, is afraid to eat apples in crowded places: what if the paparazzi will take a picture of him with a bitten one?

By the way, this logo existed in the company from 1976 to 1998, after which it was replaced with monochrome:

Now let's get back to the history of Apple. In 1976, the Apple I programmable computer was released.

1977-93 - release of various models of Apple II computers. It became the company's first mass-produced computer.

1980 - Apple is conducting the largest initial public offering since 1956 (Ford went public that year).

Thus, Apple becomes a public company, and now its shares are traded at stock market NASDAQ and the London Stock Exchange. In 2012, the company's shares exceeded the $ 500 mark for the first time, and in the same year by electronic bidding NASDAQ they hit the $ 700 mark.

1980 - characterized by the disastrous release of the Apple III PC. This computer turned out to be quite raw. It constantly broke down and, moreover, there were very few offers for it on the computer software market.

Problems with their sales lead to the fact that Jobs fired 40 employees, and the media talk about the imminent collapse of the company.

By that time, Jobs had lost interest in the Apple III project and turned all his attention to the Apple Lisa project. And at about the same time, Jobs began his first "graters" with other co-owners of the company and the board of directors.

Jobs was a tough enough man. He always wanted it to be the way he wants, which is why conflicts arose with employees, engineers and partners.

The fact is that for the development of a project in companies like Apple, special working groups are created, which solve the assigned tasks. Each group has its own leader. And Jobs used to get involved in the affairs of a particular group and make significant amendments to previously developed projects.

Something like this happened with the Lisa project. Imagine that a computer project has been developed and work is in full swing on it. Jobs appears and orders to do things differently. Naturally, all this terribly slowed down the work, and since Jobs was a perfectionist, he did not calm down until he brought every little thing to an ideal state.

This led to delays in the delivery of projects and, accordingly, to a loss of profit for the company, which the shareholders did not like terribly. As a result, Jobs was removed from the Lisa project. which upset him terribly.

1983 - Steve Jobs invites the highly experienced John Scully, at that time the CEO of PepsiCo, to the position of President of the company. The phrase with which Jobs managed to "lure" a top manager of Pepsi into the CEO chair of Apple, became one of the most famous sayings in business - "Do you intend to sell soda for the rest of your life, or do you want to come with me and change the world?" Scully chooses Apple and leads the company until 1993.

True, Jobs will soon regret it, saying that Scully's job offer was the most unfortunate decision of his life.

1984 - Apple introduces a new 32-bit Macintosh, named after its favorite apple by developer Jeff Raskin. True, Jeff led the project at the beginning, and then he was sent on forced leave, and the project was headed by Steve Jobs.

The release of Macintosh computers strengthened Jobs' position in the company, as thanks to the release of this model, it was possible to increase the company's profits.

After that, the company ceases production of the uncompetitive Apple III family of PCs. The Macintosh series becomes the main business of the company.

1985 - due to conflicts in management, the company leaves its co-founder Steve Jobs. Although leaving the company does not sound quite right. In fact, he was fired from his own company.

Despite the fact that the Macintosh sold, but not as well as planned. Shareholders accused Steve Jobs of building non-competitive computers, and Jobs accused shareholders and company executives of overpricing the Macintosh.

The main villain Jobs considered Scully, whom he had once dragged from Pepsi. As a result of this confrontation, the board of directors chose John Scully as the more experienced executive who could improve Apple's affairs.

In the same year, Jobs founded NeXT. Later, in 2005, speaking to graduates of Stanford University, Jobs said that leaving Apple was the best and most correct decision at the time.

The Scully partnership hasn't been a huge success for Apple. All this time the company has been balancing on the brink of survival. As a result, after a significant drop in Apple's market value, the board of directors dismisses John Scully.

Jobs is also doing well at NeXT. As a result, Apple's new management decides that the company needs drastic changes and that only Jobs can initiate these changes.

It is worth noting that NeXT was doing so badly that Jobs had to shut down all computer production, leaving only software development afloat.

Subsequently, the developments made became the basis operating system Mac OS.

1996 - returns to the Apple CEO chair. The company buys Jobs' firm NeXT, paying as much as $ 430 million for it. I note that over the years of its existence, Apple has repeatedly absorbed various companies operating in the IT technology market - Siri, Anobit Technologies, etc.

1996 to 1998 Apple has undergone a dramatic change. It was decided to abandon many projects. More than 3,000 employees were laid off. The company has focused its efforts on four main areas:

desktop models for professionals Power Macintosh G3
portable computers for professionals PowerBook G3
stationary computer models for ordinary iMac consumers
portable computer models for ordinary iBook consumers

1998 - As a result of the work done in the arena of computer technology, a new futuristic model iMac G3 appears, which has become the fastest-selling computer in Apple history.

In parallel, Jobs begins to hatch the idea of creating his own chain of stores, which will sell apple products. He was not happy with the fact that Apple products are on the same shelf with other brands.

He wanted his products to be sold in a special way. So that sellers do not put it on a par with other products.

And therein lies another highlight that makes Apple products superior to their competitors. When you believe that your product is special and you try to make it that way, then it will be that way. Jobs disliked mediocrity. And I have always tried to combine elegant design and the latest technology in my products.

2000 - the collapse of the dotcoms. Dotcom literally translates as “.com”. Internet-related companies are called dot-coms. Apple has never been a dot-com company. But it was very dependent on this market, because Apple products are focused on PC users, and with the advent of the Internet into our lives, “computer and the Internet” have become practically inseparable words.

So, in 2000 in the United States there was a collapse of companies related to the Internet. The value of shares of such companies began to fall, including the value of Apple shares.

This crisis has spread to other sectors of the economy. In general, it is believed that it was the collapse of the dot-coms that provoked the subsequent collapse of the world economy in 2007-2008, the consequences of which we still feel.

In more detail about the crash of dot-coms and the crisis, I wrote here:

Why am I writing about the crisis now? What does the crisis, dot-coms and Apple have to do with it, you might ask?

In fact, this is very important, because it was the crisis that changed the vector of Apple's development. It was the dot-com crash that made Steve Jobs look for new markets, thanks to which his company could not only survive, but also flourish.

As a result of the search for new technological solutions, devices such as iPod, iPhone, iPad appeared, as well as various software that users of apple products love so much.

As planned by Jobs, a computer in the future should become a multifunctional complex, consisting not only of a monitor, a system unit and a keyboard, but also of various peripheral devices such as a player, telephone, etc.

Jobs began to implement his idea by creating quality software. among which I would like to especially note the emergence of the universal media player iTunes.

It was with the advent of this software that Apple became one of the key players in the music market. The fact is that the music market was also going through hard times at that time.

With the development of the Internet and the emergence of the mp-3 format, pirates bit the music market hard. And the emergence of iTunes, or rather the iTunes Store. which will be discussed below, has increased the sales of legal content.

With the advent of iTunes, there was an urgent need for a music device that would work with this software. This is how the iPod was born.

2001 - presentation of the iPod audio player.

In parallel with the launch of the iPod, Apple opens the first two Apple Stores. Experts predicted the failure of this idea, but as of September 2013, 413 stores were open and successfully operating in 14 countries of the world.

The Apple Store isn't just a tech store - it's a geek's paradise!

2003 - presentation of the online music store iTunes Store.

The key feature of this store was that it was possible to buy songs there one by one, and not as a whole album, as was customary before, and also the fact that the main buyers were the owners of apple products.

The iTunes Store predicted one million sales in its first 6 months of operation. As a result, a million songs were sold out in 6 days of work.

2007 - the release of the iPhone smartphone, which was announced by Steve Jobs himself.

It was under his leadership that Apple was able to discover new market segments. In the same year, the company changes its official name from Apple Computer to simply Apple, in connection with the entry to the market. consumer electronics.

The appearance of the iPhone is due to the fact that with the development of mobile technologies, the demand for cameras has fallen and digital cameras... Developers of mobile devices began to combine phones, cameras and audio players.

Jobs realized that the audio player market was doomed and would soon be swallowed up by phones that combined all of these devices. And then he set the task of his subordinates to develop a new phone that would combine all these functions and, according to Apple's tradition, would be elegant and convenient.

Time magazine subsequently recognizes the iPhone as the invention of the year!

2008 - iPhone ranks 2nd in the ranking of the most useful modern technologies, according to PCWorld.

2008 - Apple releases the world's thinnest laptop, the MacBook Air.

The 2000s were a real triumph for Jobs and his team. Apple almost every year surprises the world with something and makes its army of fans more and more.

2010 - Apple releases the iPad.

The most interesting thing is that the idea of tablet computers with touch screen was proposed back in 1988 by students at the University of Illinois. They were then working on the theme "What the Personal Computer of the Year 2000 Will Be Like" in a competition run by Apple.

By the way, he looked like this:

In the same 2010, the IPhone 4 took 1st place in the list of the best phones in the Bestseller and Image nominations according to Mobile-Review.com.

2011 - Steve Jobs leaves for health reasons in August, and in November he was gone.

Love for their work in many ways ensured such success for the company. The “parent” inherited part of his individual character traits to his “apple” - this is love for innovation, creativity, courage and style.

Since September 2012 of the year, the iPhone 5 goes on sale.

They joke that the iPhone is the smartest phone, and it has the highest percentage of owners who are significantly dumber than their phone)

I do not know about the IQ of smartphone owners, but the fact that there are a lot of them is a fact. The number of pre-orders for the fifth iPhone has reached 2 million per day!

Evgeny Chichvarkin, the ex-founder of Euroset, who now lives in London, is probably among the happy owners of the smartphone. According to him, he intended to replace the iPhone 4S with the iPhone 5 as soon as sales of it begin in Foggy Albion.

As for Russia, here too Apple smartphones have won a wide audience. Although some argue that the iPhone would have sold better if it went on the Russian market under the translated name "yaMobilko"

However, Apple is already widely known in our territory. She positions herself as a manufacturer of simple devices created for the convenience, communication and entertainment of people. Although all this technology of the future, sold already in the present, is very, very expensive.

If you look at the official Russian-language website www.apple.com/ru, you can see that the keywords in the description of the company's products are not dry technical characteristics, but enthusiastic glossy epithets.

Apple does not just have “12 megapixels, 17 inches, 3GB”, it has endless possibilities, amazing quality, great display and the most advanced operating system in the world!

Everything from Apple works automatically, easily and discreetly - laptops are "faster than you can imagine", iPhones "do everything for you" and iPods with which "sword fights become more acute and zombie hunting more effective!"

Apple protects its technical developments very jealously. The company monitors the quality of its brand, opens branded stores and creates a whole ecosystem of software and numerous applications.

Apple is said to have "patented the patent patenting." This is quite a truthful observation, because as of October 2012, the company received 5440 patents for its inventions and design projects!

Protecting intellectual property rights, Apple is suing one firm, then the other, while winning and losing litigation. Thus, Nokia accused Apple of violating 10 patents, and Apple filed a lawsuit against Samsung. She, however, was found not guilty by a British court, but the patent battles continue.

Apple now has the highest margins in terms of both sales and prestige and design. The company is not going to be satisfied with what has already been achieved. In fact, Apple “bears fruit” with real “golden apples”, and I will wait with interest what other “i-gadget” the company's developers will surprise us with. So, Apple, step by step.

P.S. By the way, do you know what the prefix “i” means in the name of Apple devices (iPhone, iPad, iPod, iMac)? The answer is simple - internet

Today Apple is a leading manufacturer of mobile phones, software, players, tablets. Apple's history is bound up with Steve Jobs. Today the equipment produced by the corporation is highly regarded for its impeccable quality. Currently, the total value of the corporation is estimated at over 500 billion US dollars. The company carefully monitors trends in IT technologies and implements them in manufacturing process... Surely the readers of the site will be interested in the history of the creation and development of the company.

Name history

The official date of birth of the organization is April 1, 1976. It was on this day that Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak assembled their first computer by hand. It was named Apple Computer. It is necessary to understand how the company got the name Apple.

First Apple Computer

There are several versions. One of them is Jobs' desire to more conveniently place the name in telephone directory... So the "name" of the company occupied a line immediately under the name of the organization Atari, which was engaged in the development of computer games... In addition, the apple symbolizes the struggle for the preservation of nature and the environment, and for the first time in the world, the corporation began to use old expendable materials for the production of new equipment.

History of the logo

Quite an interesting story of creation Apple logo... Its original symbol was a man sitting under a tree with a falling apple painted over his head. It becomes immediately clear that this picture depicted the great scientist Isaac Newton. Most likely, the references in the Bible were not enough, because a bitten apple symbolizes temptation. It is worth noting that the Macintosh computer models were named after the apple variety that the developer of this product line was very fond of.

Apple's first logo

However, the original logo was not memorable and was not suitable for mass sales. Then the story of the creation of the Apple logo turns into a different direction. The company's designer (Rob Yanov), walking down the street, stopped by a local supermarket and bought some apples. Arriving home, he began to cut and examine them from different angles, after which he depicted one monochrome fruit. True, for some reason he painted the apple slightly bitten.

Jobs liked Rob's sketch, but decided he'd better paint the apple. The head of the advertising agency was against such a decision, because at that time printing using colored ink was much more expensive than it is now. However, Steve insisted on his own, and soon the well-known apple appeared on computers.

Apple logo evolution

The colors for this were chosen in no particular order. The only thing Jobs insisted on was that a green tint should decorate the drawing above. The type of fruit did not change until 1998. However, then logos were placed on the devices, painted in black, white and silver. This is the history of the Apple logo.

The first computers

In the spring of 1976 in American stores household appliances the Apple Computer I model appears, costing $ 666.66. Within a few months, its creators collect and sell 175 pieces of goods. Outwardly, it looked like a motherboard with no sound, no case, no keyboard. The following year, Michael Scott takes over as director of the firm.

A new model appears, which has been dubbed the Apple II. It was the first PC equipped with color graphics. At this stage, the history of Apple's development takes on a new twist. In the technique, there were special commands for working with sound, as well as a small built-in speaker. In addition, a power supply and a keyboard were available. At that time, the computer was a real breakthrough, and its sales for the first time in the history of PCs exceeded the figure of a million pieces. It is worth mentioning that up to 1993 more than 5 million models were assembled and sold. Initially, variants with an 8-bit operating system were developed, and a little later 16-bit computers appeared on the market.

Apple II model

Lisa and Macintosh

Beginning in 1979, Apple brand employee Jeff Raskin began work on a new PC called the Macintosh. In fact, it was the first technique in which the monoblock contained everything that is needed for the work of the average user. At the same time, in 1983, another model appeared on the home appliance market. She was named Lisa - this was the name of the daughter of Steve Jobs. However, unfortunately, it did not become popular and in demand.

Model Lisa

The beginning of the 80s turned out to be a rather difficult time for the company. Due to regular absenteeism, Steve Jobs was forced to lay off forty employees. At the same time, Apple Computer was brought to the initial IPO and the owners began to sell shares on one of the largest financial exchanges in the world - NASDAQ. However, this step did not give the desired effect, and articles began to appear in newspapers reporting the imminent decline of the corporation.

The situation began to change in 1983, when a talented top manager named Scully John became the president of the organization. Before joining Apple, he handled PepsiCo business quite well. True, friction immediately began between him and Steve Jobs.

On January 22, 1984, the first Macintosh is presented to the public, revolutionizing the way ordinary people think about personal computers. This event became a new milestone in the pages of the history of Apple Corporation. By the way, the advertising clip, shot specially for the release of the Macintosh based on the work of D. Orwell, was awarded the Grand Prix in Cannes. Even today, it is considered one of the most original commercials in history.

First Macintosh

The model received a 512K prefix and began selling at a price of 2495 US dollars. Its creators will try to make a technique that any user who does not have the proper qualifications can master in a matter of minutes. True, the first Mac OS microprocessors were not very powerful and efficient. They lacked such things as, for example, the ability to simultaneously solve many problems and protected memory. However, over time, the developers have eliminated these shortcomings, and the Macintosh was able to compete with other similar technology.

Time passed, and it became necessary to create a new operating system. Having carefully considered all the nuances, the owners of the company in new computers decided to use modern developments a firm called NeXT. It used an OS under the general name UNIX. The next system was called Mac OS X and was designed to enable users to seamlessly migrate from older models to newer ones.

The departure and return of Steve Jobs

In 1985, Apple's history is at a turning point. It was at this time that the President of the United States of America, Ronald Reagan, presents Steve Wozniacki and Steve Jobs with a medal for a powerful breakthrough in IT technology. At the same time, Jobs, who is the ideological mastermind of the corporation, leaves it, having quarreled with the members of the board of directors. Along with this, sales of personal computers and the value of the company's shares are falling sharply. Experts associate this with Jobs' departure, because he was able to advertise the equipment being created in a very original way. Many believe that this is where the story of Apple's development will end.

Ronald Reagan presents Steve Jobs with the IT Breakthrough Medal. 1985 year

In the period from 1995 to 1997, the development, assembly and sale of equipment began to bring serious losses. At the end of the 90s, their amount tends to $ 2 billion. The board of directors decides to ask Steve Jobs to return to the corporation back.

Revolution in the 2000s

In 2001, the iPod audio player appears on the computer market. Thanks to its capabilities, this compact media player instantly gained the popularity it deserved. In 2003, an online store was opened on the network, which sold music and listened to it in the players of this manufacturer. The newly opened supermarket was named the iTunes Store. In 2007, the corporation demonstrates new development- the first mobile phone of the firm called the iPhone. Since then, the popularity of the device has been growing every year, and its sales are breaking all records. Since 2008, another online store has appeared on the network. It's called the App Store. The principle of operation and the payment system of the resource is not much different from iTunes.

The first iPod audio player

The appearance of the first iPhone

At the time of 2010, the company has an undeniable authority among manufacturers of computer equipment. It was at this time that the first tablet computer, called the iPad, went on sale. In the first month of its implementation, more than 1 million copies were sold. From that moment on, the success story of the corporation raises no doubts about the genius of the creators of the brand.

This is what the first iPad looks like

Since 2011, Apple has become the most expensive commercial organization in the world. True, its owners did not manage to build on this peak for a long time. In 2013, its factories begin to produce 64-bit chips designed to work with the ARM architecture. The company launches a 2-core microprocessor called the A7. In 2014, the compact wearable Apple Watch appears on the electronics market.

Apple Watch

Acquisition of companies and appearance in Russia

Naturally, such a large giant as Apple acquired shares of smaller organizations. So from 1996 to 2012, the corporation acquired such firms as NeXT, P. A. Semi, Quattro Wireless, Siri, Anobit Technologies.

The success story of the concern in Russia begins in 2005, when the first Russian Apple Center store was opened. Just two years later, in 2007, the official representative office of the company was opened in the country. In 2012, the owners of the corporation register the Apple Rus company, which to this day is engaged in retail and wholesale of electronic equipment.

The first Apple store in Moscow

How is the firm doing today?

In the course of the development of the company, she experienced both successes and severe setbacks. Today, to lead such a giant, its own corporate culture has been specially developed. Before starting to create new models of devices, the management clearly defines the responsibilities and roles of each employee. Any product of the company is developed in an atmosphere of strict secrecy.

The company also has its own sales concept. It clearly describes how stores should be designed. Principles of trade in machinery and equipment have been drawn up for managers and sellers. psychological techniques applied on buyers.

Sellers are dressed in blue uniforms. Before starting their duties, they must complete a 14-day training course. In the process of work, managers undergo additional trainings. In addition, they are trained to use services to diagnose devices.

While still alive, Steve Jobs independently developed the company's advertising strategy. Today tablet computers, mobile phones, audio players, watches are coming out of Apple conveyors. In addition, specialists are constantly working to improve the software.

In 2016, the company's management made one interesting statement that soon the group's equipment will function on the principle of end-to-end encryption. Its essence is in the signal transmission algorithm: the data will be encoded on the users' gadgets, after which it will be transmitted to the receiving equipment and decoded. This innovation is due to the fact that more and more people began to talk about tracking citizens by the US government.

But that's not all:

It would seem that the quote from RBC clearly and clearly states that the main shareholder is a certain Karl Icahn, an eccentric billionaire, a cynical business shark, a well-known raider and extortionist, a brawler and much more. Actually, it is he who is most often mentioned in the media as the main shareholder and newsmaker. There is also Tim Cook - the CEO of Apple (the one that is officially gay), but he is a figure appointed by the shareholders, that is, he is not the owner in any way.

Is it really difficult to look at open and quite official data from the register of shareholders? Nothing is easier, and we can easily do it ourselves:

Vanguard Group, Inc. (The) 5.68%

State Street Corporation 4.11%

FMR, LLC 3.07%

BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A. 2.72%

Bank of New York Mellon Corporation 1.42%

Northern Trust Corporation 1.39%

BlackRock Fund Advisors 1.21%

Amazing. opening, but Carl Icahn is not even one of the ten coolest shareholders in Apple! Who are these mysterious real owners?

Before moving on to a further discussion of shareholder and ownership structure, a small lyrical digression should be made.

And suddenly, some Chinese will buy as much as seven percent of the shares and they will be able to run everything in the largest American company?

"This will not happen!" - the real masters of the world decided a long time ago and insured themselves.

To understand how they exercised total control and observed the appearance of the absence of one owner, we return to our list of shareholders. In second place is the company:

State Street Corporation - owns 4.11%

And who are they, the average reader will ask? And again, google (yahoo) to help us:

http://finance.yahoo.com/q/mh?s=STT+Major+Holders

And who are his largest shareholders?

1.Massachusetts Financial Services Co (Canadian insurance company - who owns confused)

2.Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc - 7%

3.Vanguard Group (where can we go without it!) - 6%

4. BlackRock (his turn will come soon!) - 5%

We look even deeper into who is the shareholder of Price (T.Rowe) Associates Inc

and we see all the same acquaintances: Vanguard and BlackRock (remember this name, it is often met, walking hand in hand with our main character)

http://finance.yahoo.com/q/mh?s=TRow+Major+Holders