How to open and register an individual entrepreneur on your own? What documents are required to register an individual entrepreneur? What form of taxation is better to choose?

Dear friends, my name is Alexander Berezhnov and I am glad to welcome you to this really important article.

You can open an individual entrepreneur yourself or use the capabilities of Internet accounting "". I use it myself and recommend it to my fellow entrepreneurs.

I myself have opened the IP 3 times and I know all the subtleties of this procedure.

Most entrepreneurs, starting their own business, do not have large funds and try to open it with. Therefore, if you do not yet have a stable income, and opening an individual business for you is more of a procedure for "ticking", then I strongly do not recommend rushing with it.

Here we will analyze in detail how to register an individual entrepreneur and conduct business correctly after receiving documents on assigning you the status of an individual entrepreneur.

Before going directly to the essence of the question "How to open an IP", I want to warn you:

"Before officially registering your activity by opening an individual entrepreneur, remember that this step imposes certain administrative and financial obligations on the person."

1. How to open an IP using a free online service

Filego will help an individual fill out the forms quickly and without errors, find the right ones. OKVED codes, taxation system, choose a bank to open a current account, etc.

Let's start with the fact that the most convenient way to register an individual entrepreneur is electronic registration. You can prepare and fill out documents for opening an individual entrepreneur through a free Internet service

This site will help an individual fill out the forms quickly and without errors, select the necessary OKVED codes, the tax system, and choose a bank to open a current account.

In fact, you need to go through only 6 steps to register an individual entrepreneur:

1. Complete Form P21001. At this point, you must indicate the passport details of an individual.
2. Select codes OKVED (All-Russian classifier of species economic activity) - one main and (if necessary) one or more additional.
3. Decide on the tax system. The site will automatically select a simplified taxation system (STS) for you.
4. Open a current account. IN this section will list several banks that are most suitable for the initial stage of opening an IP.
5. Prepare documents. Here you can choose the most convenient way to submit and receive documents and generate receipts for payment of state. duties.
6. Download a package of documents.

Prepared forms are downloaded as a zip archive.

After all the manipulations, you will need to pay a state fee and take the documents to the nearest FTS (or MFC, if such a service is provided there) of your city. Registration period when submitting documents to the Federal Tax Service is 3 days (MFC - up to 7 days).

After successful registration of an individual entrepreneur, a message will be sent to your email address from the service that you have become an individual entrepreneur.

2. Who can become an individual entrepreneur

According to the legislation, a citizen of the Russian Federation who has reached the age of 18 can become an individual entrepreneur.

It is important to note that can not be state and municipal employees as individual entrepreneurs.

There are some more nuances in the legislation, but in practice they are quite rare, so I will not voice them here.

3. What documents are needed to open an individual entrepreneur and how to fill them out

If you decide to register an individual entrepreneur on your own, then you will need the following documents:

1. Application form P21001.
2. Receipt for payment of the state duty for 800 rubles.
3. TIN (individual taxpayer number)
4. Applicant's passport (in this case your passport)

You can significantly simplify the paperwork by

Using the Internet accounting service "".

3.1. Step-by-step instructions for registering an individual entrepreneur

1. Fill out the form P21001

Note:

After filling out the application, it must be stitched and glued with a small piece of paper like a book, then write the number of sheets, date and put your signature so that it goes on the application.

Example of flashing documents:

2. We pay the state duty in the amount of 800 rubles

3. We take TIN and passport, make copies of them

4. We carry the documents to the registration authority (tax, registration inspection)

5. We are waiting for 5 days and come for ready-made registration documents

In each region, the registration authority has its own name, so specify it, as well as its code, you will need it to fill out an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur.

3.1.1. And now in more detail about each stage.

If you do not have a TIN yet, be sure to get it from the tax office at your place of residence.

In order to start filling out the P21001 form, you need to decide on the types of activities that you plan to engage in.

The All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities will help you with this. (OKVED).

In the application form R21001 for registration of an individual entrepreneur, tips are given on correct filling digital code by type of activity.

As an example, I will give my extract from EGRIP (Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs).

You will receive an extract from EGRIP after registering an individual entrepreneur along with a registration certificate.

Please note that in the extract from the USRIP, as well as in your application, the group, subgroup and type of activity are indicated with a digital code and the name of the activity itself.

Note:

If you do not submit documents for registration in person, for example, by mail or someone does it for you, in this case you will need to notarize your signature on the application.

After you have filled out the application, you pay the state duty for 800 rubles according to the details that you will be given at the registering authority, where you will also submit documents for registration of an individual entrepreneur.

Congratulations! Now you are ready to register, but read the article to the end, and you can avoid the mistakes that people make when registering for the first time.

4. Submission of documents and pitfalls when opening an individual entrepreneur. Overview of tax systems

Before registering an individual entrepreneur, I advise you to get advice from professional accountant on the choice of the taxation system on which you will work.

At the moment, there are 3 systems of taxation:

1. Classical or general taxation system (OSNO)
2. Simplified taxation system ("Simplified")
3. Unified tax on imputed income (UTII)

4.1. Classical or general taxation system (OSNO)

Here you will pay several types of taxes, including personal income tax (income tax individuals) and VAT (value added tax)

4.2. Simplified taxation system ("Simplified")

The simplified taxation system today exists of two types, and depending on which taxable base you choose:

• Type of taxable base "Income". In this case, you will pay 6% of the total income (revenue)
• Type of taxable base "Income minus expenses (profit 15%) ". Here you will pay 15% tax on the difference between income and expenses

4.3. Unified tax on imputed income (UTII)

If your activity falls under the payment of UTII, then you will pay a flat tax for certain period, regardless of revenue and profit.

Important!

By default, a person registered as an individual entrepreneur goes to general taxation system (OSNO) .

If you are going to work according to the simplified taxation system, then together with the filing of documents for registration of an individual entrepreneur, you will need to apply for the transition to the "simplified tax system".

Application form for the transition to a simplified taxation system (Form No. 26.2-1).

If the activity that you plan to engage in falls under UTII, then from the moment you engage in it, you will need to apply for the transition to UTII in the UTII-2 form.

5. What to do after registering an individual entrepreneur

After you receive all the documents and issue an individual entrepreneur, you can make a seal of an individual entrepreneur. To do this, you will need a certificate of the OGRN SP and your TIN. Today there are a lot of companies engaged in the manufacture of seals and stamps, so it will not be difficult for you to make a seal.

Attention!

According to the law, an individual entrepreneur can work without a seal. Just one of your handwritten signatures on any contracts and papers and the inscription "Without a seal" or B / P.

An example of my print:

Pension Fund

Now if you are self-employed (WITHOUT EMPLOYED EMPLOYEES) Pension Fund notify NOT NECESSARY! You register in the PF without declaration, that is, automatically.

If you plan to work with bank transfer, that is, transfer and receive cash to your IP account, you need to open it. Now it will not be difficult to do this in any bank. When choosing a bank, I advise you to focus primarily on the percentage of servicing the account.

According to the law, an individual entrepreneur has the right to work without a current account..

So you will need to open the RS if you plan to receive non-cash payments, especially if you provide services / sell goods to legal entities and other individual entrepreneurs.

Attention, this is very important!

Now it is NOT NECESSARY to submit a notice of opening an individual entrepreneur's current account to the tax and Pension Fund!

If you plan to work with a cash register, then you will need to purchase it and register it with the tax office. Before doing this, I also advise you to consult with a good lawyer and accountant to make this procedure more efficient and less costly.

After all the above actions, you can fully conduct business, the main thing is not to forget to report on time and pay taxes. A good accountant will help you with this, and you need to take care of cooperation with him in advance.

You can conduct accounting of your individual entrepreneur via the Internet, using the appropriate capabilities of the service "".

Dear reader, now you have all the necessary information on how to register an individual entrepreneur and, as you can see, it is not so difficult.

Let's now analyze the nuances of the IP.

6. Pros and cons of the legal form of "individual entrepreneurship". Rights and obligations of individual entrepreneurs

From the moment of receipt of the OGRNIP certificate (main state registration number individual entrepreneur) you can engage in all types of entrepreneurial activities that are not prohibited by law. But there are also exceptions.

For example, an individual entrepreneur cannot engage in wholesale and retail sale alcohol, so if you decide to open a grocery store and sell alcohol there, you will have to register as entity.

This limitation is most common in practice. Full list types of activities that are prohibited for individual entrepreneurs, you can download below:

6.1. Pros and cons of the legal form of an individual entrepreneur

Here I will touch on the main pros and cons of an individual entrepreneur, I hope that this will broaden your horizons and help you better understand yourself in the status of an individual entrepreneur.

6.1.1. Pros:

1. Ease of registration

It is quite easy to open an IP without even resorting to the help of third-party consulting firms.

I can say with confidence that if I went to open an individual entrepreneur now, then the whole procedure, taking into account the preparation of documents and standing in line for their delivery to the tax office, would take me about 2-3 hours.

2. Relatively mild penalties

Individual entrepreneurs are practically not checked by the regulatory authorities; there are much fewer requirements for them to comply with various standards and requirements when doing business. The most simple and few reports. Accordingly, the fines are, on average, 10 times less than for legal entities. I won't go into details here, just so you know:

From the point of view of doing business, individual entrepreneurship is the most "sparing" form of doing business in all respects.

3. Greater flexibility in work

Also, from the advantages of such an organizational and legal form as an individual entrepreneur, one can single out the fact that all the proceeds belong to an individual entrepreneur, that is, in this case, you. Accordingly, you can dispose of this money immediately after receiving it at your discretion, unlike an LLC.

Also, an individual entrepreneur has the right to work without a seal, in this case he puts his signature on contracts and other documents and writes “BP”, which means “without a seal”.

Individual entrepreneurs have the right not to have a bank account, working with cash. Then he may need a cash register or strict reporting forms (SRF), but this is if the individual entrepreneur works on a simplified or common system taxation.

If he works on "imputation", that is, pays a single tax on imputed income (UTII) or operates under a "patent", in this case he simply puts the money earned in his pocket, paying a flat tax and insurance contributions.

6.1.2. Minuses

1. Degree of responsibility for obligations

Very important!

According to the legislation, an individual entrepreneur is liable for his obligations with all property belonging to him.

This means that if you have debts as a result of doing business, then in this case, in court, your creditors have the right to take away almost everything from you: a car, bank deposits, real estate (if it is not the only housing), other material values ...

An individual entrepreneur is obliged to pay insurance contributions to the pension fund, even if he does not operate or even works at a loss.

For example, in 2013, the amount of mandatory insurance premiums for individual entrepreneurs amounted to 35665 rubles .

That is, even if you don’t earn a dime, that every month of the existence of your IP will cost you almost 3,000 rubles.

Do not forget that if you will conduct business, then add to this amount the taxes that you will have to pay.

2. Inability to name your company

According to the law, an individual entrepreneur, as a subject of economic activity, in all official documents can write only his full name as a name.

For example: IP Ivanov N.V.

Unlike individual entrepreneurs, legal entities, for example LLC, have a name.

For example: Society with limited liability Pupkin & Partners

3. Image moment

It so happened that some companies do not work with individual entrepreneurs, although, in fact, the conduct of commercial activities by an individual entrepreneur and, for example, an LLC does not differ.

If you do not yet have experience in doing business, then I advise you to start with an individual entrepreneur, and then, if the need arises, you can open a legal entity.

How to open a restaurant from scratch and how much money does it take? Step by step instructions

Despite the huge territory, our country lags far behind the states of Eastern and Western Europe in terms of the number of points Catering... For example, in Poland the number of such establishments is almost twice as large, and in Spain - almost six times. According to experts, even despite the unstable economic situation, Russian market public catering has a high rate of development and is one of the most promising for business. Thus, the average payback period in this segment is considered to be 1-3 years, which is an excellent indicator.

In this regard, many of our fellow citizens are thinking about opening their own catering establishments. In this article, we will try to answer the questions about how to open your own restaurant, cafe or bar, where to start and what steps you need to go through to achieve this goal.

I want to open a restaurant: where to start?

It is worth deciding what type of establishment (at least approximately) you are going to open:

• By format. A bar, a canteen, a fast food, a family cafe, a fashionable restaurant, an establishment "for their own" - the choice is wide. As practice shows, novice businessmen most often “succeed” in classic city cafes, without the difficulties and peculiarities inherent in all target establishments.
• According to the price level. This criterion is often, but not always, dependent on the previous one. Usually, one of the significant limitations here is the budget of a novice restaurateur: the higher the level of the establishment, the higher the costs of opening it will be. Experts do not recommend business beginners to start with expensive restaurants - the public is very demanding, the investments and risks are too high. The optimal solution would be to open a democratic casual establishment.
• By type of cuisine. Usually, both the interior and the desired location of the establishment depend on the type of cuisine. Japanese, Russian, Italian, Georgian, or maybe exotic Peruvian? Here experts recommend not to complicate the task for yourself and choose the one in which you understand: concepts of Russian or simple European cuisine are good for beginners.
• By the maximum number of guests. The cost of setting up an institution is directly proportional to the number of seats. No matter how great the temptation to open a large restaurant at once, it is better to limit yourself to a room for 30–80 guests.

The public catering market in Russia, despite the crises, continues to develop. So, in 2014, its volume increased by 8.3%, and the turnover reached 1.2 trillion rubles. Despite a slight decline in 2015, experts talk about the inevitable further growth of indicators and the achievement of a turnover of 2 trillion rubles by 2017.

So, at the moment, almost all experienced restaurateurs recommend that beginners open establishments in the format of a "democratic" cafe or restaurant, serving local, European or mixed cuisine and alcohol. The hall should be designed for an average number of visitors.

It should be remembered that circumstances can make the most unexpected adjustments to the plans: after calculations, the estimated costs will exceed the possibilities, the rented space will not fit the original concept, but it will be perfect in everything else. Therefore, it is optimal to think over several suitable concepts for the style of the institution and the type of cuisine and be ready to make some changes to the planned menu and pricing policy.

How much does it cost to open a restaurant?

The answer to the question about the cost of opening a restaurant from scratch will directly depend on its features, defined in the previous section.

The total amount consists of several points:

• rent / purchase / construction of premises... If we consider an institution for 50 seats, then renting a room (supposedly 150-200 m2) will cost from 200,000 rubles a month. In this case, you will have to immediately pay at least two months plus a deposit, that is, from 600,000 thousand rubles. In the central regions of megalopolises and in large shopping centers, the amount can increase by 3-10 times. Building or buying premises, of course, will cost significantly more, but do not forget that these will not be fixed costs;
• paperwork- from 300,000 rubles, depending on the specifics of the institution, during the construction of a building for a restaurant - several times higher;
• design and engineering on average, they will cost about 2,000 rubles per m2, that is, from 300,000 rubles for our premises;
• repair- costs will depend on the complexity of the design and the initial condition of the premises. On average, about 3,000 rubles per m2, which means - from 450,000 rubles for the calculated area;
• furniture- the required minimum of chairs, tables, sofas, as well as a waiter's station and a bar will cost from 300,000 rubles;
• equipment and utensils for the kitchen- in order to supply the institution with the necessary amount of high-quality professional tools, equipment and utensils for storing, preparing and serving dishes, as well as for washing the above, you will need an amount of 1,500,000 rubles;
• dishes and serving items, designed to serve 50 guests, will cost from 350,000 rubles;
• primary purchase of food and alcohol usually costs from 200,000 rubles;
• uniform for staff- optional, but desirable element, part of the corporate identity. When buying a minimum set of clothes for waiters and cooks, you should count on an amount of 50,000 rubles or more.

In total, the total amount of all payments will be about 4,000,000 rubles. If we add to this the cost of special software, installation of terminals for waiters (R-Keeper), printing a menu, creating a company website, conducting advertising campaigns - you can count on an amount of 4,500,000 or more.

In addition to one-time, the restaurateur will have fixed expenses:

• rent (if the premises are rented);
• wage;
• communal payments;
• telephony, Internet;
• buying food, alcohol;
• advertising costs.

What documents are needed to open a restaurant?

Organization of a catering enterprise is one of the most difficult types of business in terms of collecting documents. The list of papers required for the legal functioning of a restaurant includes more than a hundred items, and in different regions the list of required permits may differ. Therefore, in order to save time and money, most entrepreneurs prefer to contact companies that draw up the necessary turnkey documentation.

The first step in opening any type of establishment is to register a legal entity. The most popular and convenient form for restaurants is the "LLC" form. Full package constituent documents and lease agreement(or a certificate of ownership of the premises) is mandatory at all stages of further approval.

Also, to open an institution you will need:

• the conclusion of the SES on the compliance of the institution with sanitary standards;
• conclusion of the Ministry of Emergency Situations on compliance with fire safety standards;
• the presence of a registered cash register;
• contracts for pest control, deratization and garbage disposal;
• agreement on protection, on the connection of a burglar alarm(to obtain a license to sell alcohol).

And this is just a basic package required documents... The owner of the establishment should be aware of the many nuances, without which the activities of the establishment may be illegal.

Business plan development: stage 1

As you know, when opening a new business, including a restaurant, you need to draw up a business plan from scratch. This is a kind of "scheme" for creating a future enterprise with the calculation of planned costs and revenues, analysis of profitability and other indicators.

Usually there are two types of business planning: for external and internal use.

The first is required for those who are going to attract borrowed funds to their enterprise - a loan or investment. In this case, the best choice would be to turn to special organizations: it is quite difficult for a non-professional to convince investors or banking organizations of the return on investment. Those who are still going to create a document on their own should consider that it is better to do this, having already received data on the premises, the number of staff and the size of the salary fund, traffic, and also having finally approved the concept of the institution.

Another thing is an internal business plan, which is necessary for any entrepreneur to understand the prospects for creating a business. Typically, the document contains the following chapters:

• title and general description of the project: planned concept, area of ​​premises, number of staff, type of kitchen and pricing policy;
• approximate range of products;
• preliminary estimate of the cost of opening;
• approximate monthly expenses (rent, taking into account utilities and communications, salary fund, procurement costs);
• calculation of time costs for each stage before the opening of the establishment;
• planned financial indicators;
• calculation of return on investment.

It makes sense to draw up an initial business plan at the very early stage of opening a restaurant - by analyzing the market as a whole, competitors in a similar format, and statistical data. Then the indicators will need to be adjusted in accordance with the realities.

Selection and renovation of premises: stage 2

Finding space for a future restaurant often becomes a headache. Experts recommend to approach this issue with great care, often citing a quote from the Italian restaurateur and chef Marciano Palli: “First place is place, second is place, third is place, fourth is place, fifth is - kitchen".

The general rule of profitability is as follows: the lower the average check of the cafe, the higher its attendance should be. If the most expensive establishments in the world can afford to stay away from civilization, good gastronomic restaurants - in the courtyards of the central districts of the city, then middle-class cafes should choose busy streets, and fast food should look for places in large shopping centers and train stations.

However, it is not only traffic that is important, but also the correspondence of the potential audience to the level of the institution. This also applies to the pricing policy and the characteristics of the kitchen. So, for example, a vegetarian cafe is appropriate to be located near a large yoga center, and a budget Pan-Asian restaurant - near the market. Because of all these subtleties, experienced entrepreneurs begin to create a restaurant concept after renting premises: there are not so many suitable sites in any city, but an institution of any format can be successful, there would be demand.

After the lease, the question of repair and often redevelopment inevitably arises. Here it is better to trust experienced designers and planners - this will help to avoid many mistakes common to beginners. There is no need to remind that the style of a restaurant should correspond to its concept, and it is extremely rare to create an ideal interior without the help of a specialist.

Purchase of equipment, furniture and utensils: stage 3

As a rule, all the equipment for the kitchen area is selected in agreement with the chef: it is he who orders the tools and equipment necessary for work, taking into account the proposed menu. Furniture and tableware for serving are chosen according to the general concept of style. The number of dishes usually corresponds to the maximum number of seats multiplied by 2 or even 3, that is, for 50 guests there should be 100–150 plates, cutlery and glasses of each type.

It is better to buy inventory in specialized stores that supply equipment for restaurants: firstly, here all tools and utensils can be purchased at wholesale prices, and secondly, such organizations provide installation and warranty repair equipment, and thirdly, in case of loss or damage to serving items, you can easily buy similar ones.

When arranging furniture, it is better to turn to professionals - designers or suppliers - they will offer a competent and beautiful solution.

Computerization: stage 4

It is difficult to imagine a modern restaurant without production and accounting programs, personnel control. You can develop your own software, but there are a lot of ready-made packages on the market.

The most popular of them are: R-Keeper, 1C: Public catering, POS Sector. They fully coordinate the work in the establishment: the waiter sends the order through the terminal to the kitchen, the chef sees the list of dishes to be prepared on a special monitor, after the calculation, all ingredients are written off from the warehouse according to the calculation card, income and expenses for accounting are recorded. And this is only a small part of the possible functions of such software: in addition, many programs are able to accept orders directly from customers' smartphones, collect and store the purchase history of discount card holders, using special controllers to record the number of drinks poured in a bar ... In a word, the cost of programs for a restaurant completely justify themselves, and a novice businessman simply cannot do without special software.

Recruiting: stage 5

Of course, to hire the right people, it is better to contact specialized agencies, but with a limited budget, you can handle it yourself. When recruiting dishwashers and cleaners, interviews are usually enough, but when hiring buyers, waiters and administrators, it is worth studying their work experience and recommendations, but it is advisable to be convinced of the skills of a chef, cooks and bartenders personally. Chef , as a rule, is chosen at the stage of approval of the final concept of the institution. An essential part of your success will depend on this worker. Not only culinary talents are important, but also understanding the target audience, the key idea of ​​the restaurant. Candidates for the position cooks most often personally selected by the chef.

How many workers are needed for the normal functioning of the institution? The answer will depend on the size and format of the establishment. Since we focus on a small restaurant of a democratic level, sample list frames will be as follows:

• Chef;
• cook (based on 50 guests per shift, 2–5 cooks will be enough);
• bartender / barista (for small restaurants, one per shift is sufficient;
• dishwasher;
• purchaser;
• administrator / hostess;
• waiters - as a rule, one waiter can serve up to 10-15 guests (accordingly, there should be 3-5 such employees in the change of our establishment);
• cleaning woman;
• accountant (you can limit yourself to "coming").

A common mistake of start-up entrepreneurs is trying to translate into business their own ideal picture of the enterprise: in the case of a restaurant - service, interior and kitchen. You should not be guided by your own tastes - after all, not only you and your friends will visit the cafe and restaurant.

Menu design and supplier selection: step 6

The menu development phase coincides in time with the final concept approval phase. Usually one of the main participants in this process is the chef: he creates a list of planned dishes, and the owner or manager evaluates them in terms of attractiveness, taste and cost of ingredients.

The selection of suppliers is carried out by the head of the restaurant or the purchasing manager: they analyze the market for goods, choosing in each segment the companies that are the best in terms of price-quality-reliability ratio. Practically no institution is limited to one supplier, usually there are 7-10 of them: firstly, conditions should be considered separately for each group of products, and secondly, it is better to provide for some kind of “reserve” source, especially for rare ingredients.

Advertising: stage 7

To convey to customers information about their establishment, entrepreneurs usually use a set of measures:

• ordering a sign that reflects the type and concept of the establishment;
• placement of billboards and signs;
• website creation and promotion;
• registration on various specialized portals ("Afisha", etc.) and opening accounts in social networks;
• advertising in the press;
• distribution of leaflets, booklets, etc.

Launch advertising campaign occurs shortly before the opening of the restaurant or immediately after. The set of events is selected depending on the intended target audience: for casual establishments, distribution of leaflets and PR on the Internet is well suited, for restaurants of an expensive format - placement of information in specialized publications.

Opening a catering establishment is an extremely difficult task. It is especially difficult for beginners: they have to take into account a lot of nuances and many mistakes happen before they begin to understand the "kitchen" of the kitchen. Therefore, many novice restaurateurs seek help from specialists - companies that are ready to help in creating a successful establishment.

Many aspiring entrepreneurs are first initial stage when registering their activities, they face a lot of formal problems. For example, you need to open an LLC yourself, without the help of a lawyer. This procedure is simple, but some people cannot do it without knowledge of the regulations. The legal services market is currently well developed to provide professional assistance in this area to everyone. Also, a lot of teaching aids have been created, which describe how to open an LLC. Step-by-step instruction, given in them, is quite convenient, but most business people prefer to entrust the problem to specialized firms. As a rule, this is due to the desire to save time and avoid mistakes in documents.

OOO

First, it is necessary to determine the legal status of the future enterprise. It depends on several factors, this is, first of all, the form of tax and accounting, respectively, the types of funds paid to the budgets different levels taxes. The most common form today commercial enterprise serves as a limited liability company (LLC). In accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation, LLC is a legal association that can be organized by both citizens (individuals) and enterprises. At the same time, the charter is distributed among the business owners (founders), each of whom bears economic responsibility only in the amount of his contribution.

"I want to open an LLC!"

Before starting this troublesome process, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the legislative acts regulating the work of the company in this status... This is the federal law"On Limited Liability Companies" No. ФЗ-14 dated February 08, 1998 and August 08, 2001 "On state registration individual entrepreneurs and legal entities ". After studying these documents, many entrepreneurs will have a question: "How much does it cost to open an LLC with the help of a specialized company?" When comparing costs, it turns out that the amounts are approximately equal. which helps to open a turnkey LLC, get a seal, statistics codes, open a current account, will cost an average of 20 thousand rubles. Moreover, this price is the average for the country, from Moscow to Vladivostok. When trying to open an LLC on your own, the amount of costs can be much higher, especially if the documents have to be submitted several times due to mistakes.

Where can a company be registered

To open an LLC in Moscow or Novosibirsk - only the owner can choose. The registration procedure, the list of documents, the sequence of actions are the same. The place of registration depends only on the legal address of the future company, respectively, it is necessary to contact tax office registration area. Opening an LLC in another city can be quite simple by placing there production base or by renting premises for a central office. Many entrepreneurs optimize tax payments in this way. At the same time, the law does not regulate the amount organized companies, i.e. how many to open an LLC. In the modern economy, holding companies. Manufacturing activities is carried out by one organization, the second is engaged in retail trade, the third makes wholesale deliveries. This scheme is beneficial for entrepreneurs to optimize the tax burden.

How to open an LLC: step by step instructions

The main difficulty is the correct filling of a large number of documents, although, according to some entrepreneurs, this is a kind of school for all future activities. At the initial stage, everyone determines for himself what is more profitable for him: pay for the result or achieve it himself. So, in order to open an LLC on your own, you need to go through the following steps in stages.

Stage 1. Name

Not the most difficult, but the most crucial first step. We create a company, lay its foundation. First, the title. The owner's fantasy is limited only by the legislation of the Russian Federation, specifically by Article 1473 Civil Code, each item of which contains a specific requirement for the title. A prerequisite is an indication of the form of ownership commercial organization(CJSC, LLC, OJSC). It is possible to use the words "Russia" in various variations in the title only with the consent of the Government of the Russian Federation, which will assess not only the scale and activities of the company, but a lot of parameters that are not related to commerce.

It is also necessary to remember that there is a full name of the company and its abbreviated counterpart. For use on letterhead and internal orders of a rather short version, for example, LLC "Shmel". Most of the constituent documents require the full version to be specified, for example Shmel Limited Liability Company.

At the initial stage, it is also necessary to determine the scope of the enterprise. The number of species is limited to 20. Accordingly, the selected OKVED codes will appear in the registration documents.

Stage 2. Founders and capital

The number of founders (owners) of the business is determined. The authorized capital is formed depending on their share participation and the size of the contribution. The number of participants depends on which LLC to open. There can be from 1 to 50, depending on the size and field of activity. The amount of cash or non-cash contribution of each co-owner is not regulated, the law only establishes the lower limit of the amount of the authorized (share) capital - 10 thousand rubles.

The share can be contributed in cash, assets (property), revolving funds. At the same time, non-cash funds are necessarily subject to independent evaluation... Based on its results, the monetary value of the value is determined, which is the amount of the contribution. If there are several owners, then the general meeting elects a director, who is not necessarily a member of the founders. The order of his appointment and the minutes of the meeting are additional documents to the charter of the company.

Stage 3. Address

The LLC to be created must have a legal address. If one of the founders owns a non-residential premises or office suitable for the company's activities, then it may appear as a place of permanent registration. In the case of renting space, a letter of guarantee from the owner (lessor) with confirmation and a lease agreement drawn up in the form approved by regulatory enactments will be required. Registration of LLC is possible at the address of the place of permanent residence of the director (or general director). In this case, a copy of the passport is provided.

Stage 4. Charter

The creation of a charter for a future company is a very important issue. This document is the basis for state registration (registration) of an LLC as a legal entity. The company's charter must contain positions:

• Name (full and abbreviated).
• Address (legal required, actual optional).
• Governing bodies, decision-making procedure, documentary registration.
• Authorized (share) fund, composition, size, procedure for increasing and decreasing, transfer of shares to third parties.
• The composition of the founders, the procedure for the entry of new members, the withdrawal from the membership of the company.

The charter is printed in 2 copies, must be signed, numbered, stitched and certified.

Stage 5. Taxation system

The importance of this point is very important for the financial activities of the future company. It is necessary to define the taxation system for the job. Maintaining tax and accounting, the types and procedure for submitting reports, the fees that the company must pay - all this depends on the chosen regime (STS, KSNO, UTII). As a rule, at this stage, consultation of the chief accountant is required, if he is already hired, or a specialist auditor to establish the entire system and its optimization.

The final point of the preparatory stage is the payment of the state fee. It can be produced through any branch of Sberbank, its size today is 4 thousand rubles. Before submitting documents, they must be accompanied by the original receipt for the deposit of funds.

Stage 6. Documents

The next step in registering a company is to collect a package of documents and submit them for processing to the tax office. Law firms and outsourcing companies can tell you in detail how to open an LLC. Step-by-step instructions at this stage provide for the collection of the following papers:

1. Company charter (2 copies).
2. Decision (agreement) on the establishment of the company, minutes of the general meeting (in the case of several founders).
3. The composition of the owners.
4. State application form registration (according to the P11001 form). The signature is notarized.
5. Orders (instructions) on the appointment of the chief accountant and director (general) of the organization.
6. Letter of guarantee when renting a building - the carrier of the legal address.
7. A receipt confirming the deposit of funds for registration.
8. Statement on the applicable tax regime, if the simplified tax system will be used.

You can prepare the above documents for free using this service.

Step 7. Verification

Sewn, certified documents should be carefully reviewed again. If an employee of the tax inspectorate discovers an error, then the registration of the company will not take place. All work will need to be done anew, and the paid state fee is non-refundable. The next submission of the full package of documents must contain a new receipt for the transfer of funds.

When opening an LLC through a specialized firm, the finalization of the package of documents is free of charge. In this case, errors are eliminated at the expense of the company with which the contract for the provision of the relevant legal services has been concluded. The tax inspection specialist is obliged to issue a receipt with a complete list of documents received for processing. The date of receipt of registration certificates is also indicated there, if there are no questions about the provided papers.

Stage 8. Receiving documents

The official period for processing documents is 5 days (working days). After that, the applicant must contact a specialist and get a decision. In case of refusal to register, the reason is indicated in an official document. We start the process anew, correct the mistakes and re-solve the question of how to open an LLC. The step-by-step instructions presented above will help with this. With a positive decision, the following documents are issued:

1. legal entity (LLC).
2. Certificate (TIN assignment to the organization) of tax registration.
3. Charter certified by the tax office.
4. Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities.

Stage 9. Registration

After registering in local branch the tax inspectorate must register the LLC with all relevant funds and with the statistics department. Statistical codes assigned after the presentation of the Charter, the current extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, TIN, OGRN, are used to open a current account of an enterprise. At the moment, he is working, therefore, there is no need to go to extra-budgetary funds on his own. The tax office must issue a notice of registration of the enterprise with the FSS, PF and the health insurance fund. If one of the documents is missing, then you will have to visit this department on your own. You must have with you all the papers issued by the tax inspectorate and a passport proving the identity of the applicant.

Step 10. Printing

We can say that the registration was successful. Registration certificates in all off-budget funds have been received, the organization is registered as a taxpayer, you can proceed to the final stage. We create a seal of LLC. Today, the service is widespread, when contacting the appropriate workshop, each company will be offered several options for official and round seals, not to mention additional stamps. Moreover, if it is kept strictly, business style(name, details, company codes), then seals for internal use may contain the company logo, which gives room for the owner's imagination.

Step 11. Accounts

Where to open an account for an LLC? For most entrepreneurs, this issue is not difficult. Of course, you need to have partnerships and business relationships with the bank that are built on trust. In this case, the reputation of the financial institution, its technical equipment, the location of the nearest office (branch), payment for servicing settlement, currency and special accounts play an important role.

Particular attention should be paid to customer support. Modern, comfortable, with high level high-speed program, serviced by the technical services of the bank. You should be able to get the appropriate specialist advice at any time without any problems. The choice of a credit institution at the moment is quite large, so any recently registered legal entity has a wide choice. The legislation of the Russian Federation does not restrict companies in the number of accounts, therefore, if such a need is seen, it is possible to open several settlement or special service units in different banks.

Stage 12. Final point

After opening one or several current accounts, it is necessary to provide all information about it to the tax office and funds within seven days (7 working days). In case of violation of the terms by government agencies it is possible to impose penalties. If new company led by the director independently successfully passed all the tests Russian legislation and bureaucratic red tape, it has a huge potential for development. It turned out to open an LLC independently, it remains to wish you success in your professional activities!