Electronic key for individuals. Obtaining an electronic signature for individuals (State services): procedure, documents and recommendations. Registration through the MFC

Electronic digital signature (EDS) is a modern way of personal identification. Having established an electronic document flow with its help, you will save yourself from trips to government agencies, to counterparties and from queues at the authorities. Individuals, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities use electronic signatures. In this article, we will show you how to get an email digital signature what documents to prepare, how long will it take to receive an electronic signature.

Who issues the electronic signature

Electronic signature can be simple and enhanced. Strengthened, in turn, is divided into skilled and unskilled.

Strengthened electronic signatures are received only in certification centers (CA), accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, having, among other things, a special license from the FSB. Specify the address of the nearest CA on the website of public services.

NEPs and CEPs are issued to an individual, individual entrepreneur or director of a company either on a physical medium, similar to a USB flash drive, or in the "cloud". For example, in the personal account of the Federal Tax Service, this feature is implemented along with storing the certificate key on the computer. Such signatures are stored on secure servers, access to them is through additional authorization via SMS.

Electronic signature capabilities

An electronic signature can be used by an individual, an individual entrepreneur or a representative of an organization (most often a director).

Each signature has its own capabilities. For example, with the help of an electronic signature, an individual can apply for a passport on the portal of public services. At the same time, he will receive a 30 percent discount when paying state duty. An individual entrepreneur or "physicist", having issued an EDS for the tax, can receive information about personal movable and immovable property, accrued and already paid taxes, tax debts, open and print notifications and receipts from the personal account, fill out the 3-NDFL form and track the status of the check tax. EDS is also useful when hiring an individual entrepreneur or individual (self-employed citizens) in order to sign documents during remote work and thereby regulate labor relations.

Individual entrepreneurs and directors of firms often have to issue several EDS for the requirements of various government agencies. There is no universal digital signature that would satisfy the needs of all government agencies in Russia.

A separate EDS will be required:

for accounting statements via the Internet (FTS, Pension Fund, FSS, RAR, etc.) or to work in your personal account on the website nalog.ru (for example, to register online cash registers);
to participate in state trading (according to No. 44-FZ, only KEP is required for trading, but some sites still accept NEP);
for EGAIS (needed to work with alcohol).

What documents are needed to obtain a digital signature for individual entrepreneurs and individuals

To issue a signature for an individual, they will require:

the passport;
SNILS;
application for signature production.

An individual entrepreneur, in addition to this list, provides his certificate from the USRIP.

The set of documents for the director of the organization is wider:

the passport;
SNILS;
application for the production of a signature;
TIN of the director;
USRN of the organization;
power of attorney or other document that gives the right to act on behalf of the company;
if the organization is foreign, you need the number of the certificate of registration with the tax office of the foreign representative office or the taxpayer's taxpayer number - the foreign organization.

Features of submission of documents for obtaining a digital signature

Each certification authority has its own form. Sometimes you have to fill out the application yourself, in some CAs, when you enter the applicant's data into the system, the fields are automatically filled in - and a ready-made application is printed, which you just need to check and sign.

For individuals and individual entrepreneurs, the applicant's full name, taxpayer's TIN, region, locality, SNILS, e-mail address scope of the certificate (for example, "cadastral engineer" or "bidding"), full passport data and phone number.

The application from the organization contains the name, TIN, OGRN, country code (RU), region, full name and position of the director for whom the electronic signature is issued, his SNILS, e-mail address and full passport data.

When applying remotely, the application is sent to email, signed with a blue pen, scanned and returned to the certification center. During a personal visit, the original application is given to a CA specialist.

The certification center has the right to request additional documents. If, for example, an individual entrepreneur or an organization receives a signature for carrying out cadastral works, then a diploma of education of a cadastral specialist will be required.

To save time, a set of documents can be submitted electronically. But not every scanned file will be skipped during the check. The document should be easy to read, without streaks and smeared elements. Color scan is desirable. If it is not possible to make a color one, a black and white scan from a copy is allowed, but each of the scanned pages must be certified by the signature and seal of the organization. The signature is strictly in blue (not black!) Pen.

You will have to pick up the electronic signature personally. The certification center will verify the passport data with the original document and issue a signature. A proxy (accountant or deputy) can receive a signature for the director. He must bring with him a power of attorney from the organization, certified by the signature and seal of the authorized person. In this case, the certification center will verify the passport of the authorized person with the data in the power of attorney and issue an electronic signature.

Counterfeiting EDS

EDS cannot be counterfeited by technical means: it is created using special encryption and crypto protection technologies. However, there are cases that the signature was illegally seized by malefactors who found the full namesake of the director and received the signature in his place.

Therefore, most certification centers have video cameras with good resolution.

How much does an electronic signature cost

EDS for an individual will cost an average of one thousand rubles. For legal entities and IP the price depends on the capabilities of the digital signature. For example, the more trading platforms an electronic signature can serve, the more expensive it is: prices range from 6 to 25-26 thousand. For the delivery of financial statements, the prices for digital signatures are more democratic: from 2 to 5 thousand rubles, and for working with the Unified State Automated Information System - from 3 to 5 thousand.

An electronic digital signature is issued for one year, then you will have to order and pay for a new EDS.

An electronic digital signature is issued within three days after payment. As practice shows, with the planned workload of the CA, the signature is ready in 5 - 7 hours.

In some certification centers there is a service for accelerated registration of an electronic signature and its issuance, you will have to pay an additional 2 to 4 thousand. In this case, the digital signature will be ready in 2 - 3 hours.

Three months of accounting, personnel records and legal support IS FREE. Hurry up, the offer is limited.

Electronic signature (ES) - information in electronic form, which is attached to other information in electronic form (signed information) or otherwise associated with such information and which is used to identify the person signing the information ”.

Why do I need an electronic signature?

Its purpose is quite understandable. In recent years, companies have been actively moving from paper to electronic workflow, so our usual signatures and seals on paper need an analogue. This analogue, in fact, is EP.

EP solves several main tasks. The first is non-repudiation. Thanks to the electronic signature, it is possible to prove that a specific person is the author of the document, even if he refuses to admit it. The second task is to ensure confirmation of the integrity of the document, that is, confirmation that after the creation of the document and its signing, no one made any changes there (both intentionally and accidentally). Let's say you have a payment order to the bank for 10,000 rubles, signed by electronic signature. An attacker can change the amount from 10,000 rubles. by 1 million to transfer to yourself 100 times more money... To prevent such cases, the ES captures the final content of the electronic document and allows you to establish whether changes have been made to it.

Types of electronic signature

In accordance with the current one, there are three types of electronic signatures, which are grouped into two blocks: 1) simple electronic signature; 2) reinforced EP, which includes (NEP) and (KEP).

Let's consider each type of signature in more detail.

Simple electronic signature

Simple electronic signature is used to receive government services, for banking transactions, and authentication on websites. And this is the most unprotected option. Simple ES does not contain cryptographic mechanisms, algorithms and represents such tools as a pair of login-password, SMS-code, a combination of a password and an SMS-code. These tools allow you to identify the identity of the signer and confirm the action taken by him. However, they are not protected from counterfeiting.

Example

The client logs into the Internet bank (identified in the system) using a login-password and makes a payment for a mobile phone, confirming his actions with an SMS code that comes to his phone (his phone number was linked to the bank account at the time of the conclusion of the agreement with the bank) ... Such a chain of actions allows you to make sure that the owner of the bank account is him, and it was he, and not someone else, who performed the operation. At the same time, there is a risk that the mobile phone can be stolen and used in order to enter the SMS code. In addition, since a simple electronic signature does not have any cryptographic basis, an attacker can replace the content of a bank payment and, using the entered confirmation, make a payment for a different amount or a different phone number.

Thus, a simple electronic signature cannot guarantee the full legal significance of the document and protect it from counterfeiting, since it is not strong enough for this. This does not mean that a simple electronic signature does not at all give legal significance to an electronic document. It only means that proving such significance is rather laborious and not always possible.

What is a CEP for:

for accreditation to electronic trading th sites;
to participate in all electronic procedures: open tenders, tenders with limited participation, two-stage tenders, requests for proposals and requests for quotations;
for EDF between participants contract system.

Participants of the contract system can send an application for a CEP to the Certification Center of SKB Kontur. Take advantage of or , and a specialist will contact you during the working day.

Scopes of electronic signature

Depending on the type of signature, you can talk about different areas application. Simple electronic signature is used in Internet banking by individuals and sometimes by legal entities, on various electronic portals, for example, on the Portal of Public Services. To use this portal, you need to receive a password using SNILS, with which you can enter the portal and order a service - for example, issuing a passport. This action will be legally significant.

There are five main areas of EP application:

Various electronic trading- for enhanced electric power.

State information systems. There is a System of Interdepartmental Electronic Interaction (SMEV), which combines various government bodies different levels and allows them to communicate with each other in electronic form, it also interacts with the Portal of Public Services. This huge infrastructure is based on the use of CEP. Separately existing information systems, for example, the Rosreestr system, also use the CEP. The range of services provided by such information systems is extensive: each system solves the tasks of its department in a different volume. Somewhere this is a fairly complete list of services - as in Rosreestr, somewhere - point services that can be provided through these portals. But CEP is applied everywhere.
EDI between business entities and document flow within the company. There are several scenarios for using ES, it all depends on the desire of the business itself, on the requirements for ensuring the legal significance of the electronic documents used, therefore the spectrum of the ES used varies - from the most unprotected simple ES to CEP.

For example, if the workflow is carried out within the company and there is an information system in which documents are approved, then in this case the employee's account in the form of a login-password link is sufficient. If EDI is carried out by invoices between counterparties, then you need to use the CEP. This mechanic is implemented in.

Reporting to regulatory authorities. Today, more and more regulatory bodies are partially or completely transferring their reporting to electronic view... The main engines of the process are FTS, PF RF, Rosstat, Rosalkogolregulirovanie, FSS. In the processes involving interaction with government agencies, CEP is mainly used.

How and where to get an electronic signature?

In fact, the user always receives not the digital signature itself, but a certain tool for its creation. This tool differs depending on the type of electronic signature.

In the case of a simple electronic signature, this can be a login and password, registration of a phone number, etc. The procedure for obtaining such tools is entirely dependent on the information system. If you need access to the Internet bank, then the login-password combination is issued by the bank itself for using it as a simple electronic signature.

In the case of enhanced ES, the instrument is an electronic signature certificate. This is what you can get from the CA. However, depending on the type of electronic signature, there are differences in the procedure for obtaining. If a CEP is needed, then the CA must be accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications, if the NEP - the CA issuing it, must be somehow connected with the information system in which the signature is planned to be applied. At the same time, the CA does not have to be accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications.

Legal entities to obtain a qualified ES certificate will need:

constituent documents;
a document confirming the fact of making an entry about a legal entity in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
certificate of registration in tax authority applicant;
a statement signed by the future owner of the certificate.

The certificate and ES keys will be recorded on a certified electronic carrier - electronic card or a flash drive. The price for obtaining a certificate and ES keys is determined by the regulations of the CA.

How to choose an electronic signature certificate?

Today there are many types of certificates. Legislation changes, information systems put forward different requirements, and the question of choice often arises before the client, since the client cannot figure out which certificate he needs for a particular task. What should he be guided by?

First of all, you need to build on the information system in which you plan to apply the certificate. Usually the client can imagine why he needs a digital signature. For example, he wants to take part in the auction or work with the Rosreestr portal. Information system requirements for a certificate, as a rule, are indicated on the information system website, in regulatory documents, which determine the rules for the operation of this information system. They can also be obtained directly from the representatives of the information system. Having found out the necessary information, you should contact a CA specialist, who, based on data on information system will understand what type of certificate is needed.

The SKB Kontur website has a convenient one, which allows the client to answer several questions regarding the scope of the required certificate, and at the exit to receive one or several types of certificates that completely cover the needs. The special tariff "" includes two ES certificates at once - qualified and unqualified - and is suitable for solving most problems.

How to get an electronic signature certificate from SKB Kontur?

SKB Kontur has a well-developed branch network, so the client can always choose the point of receipt as close as possible to him (). The process of obtaining an ES certificate at SKB Kontur is quite simple. Several stages can be distinguished:

Stage one

You must apply for a certificate in one of the following ways:

through the company's website ();
choose a convenient one and call there by phone;
personally come to the service center;
write an email to the service center.

Stage two

After the application is submitted, a representative of SKB Kontur contacts the applicant within 24 hours and tells him which one is required to obtain a certificate - qualified or unqualified.

Stage three

The applicant pays the bill, collects the necessary package of documents and comes to the service center to receive a certificate.

IN service center he submits a set of documents, which an employee of the center endorses and checks for correctness. Then he signs the contract, carries out other formalities and, depending on which method is more convenient for him, receives a ready-made secure medium (outwardly similar to a USB flash drive), on which the secret key and certificate is stored, or independently at his workplace (in the case of a qualified ES certificate) receives a certificate through a special website Personal Account of the CA.

Most important stage in the process of obtaining an electronic signature certificate, this is the preparation of the necessary set of documents. If the kit is assembled correctly, the process is quick.

There are a number that can be ordered from a service center, for example, an accelerated receipt of a certificate within an hour after the submission of documents. Such a service may be required in case of an urgent need to participate in the auction.

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How to quickly get an EDS? What documents are needed? How much does it cost? Let's talk about obtaining an electronic digital signature.

IMPORTANT:

It should be noted that this material is not advertising - no one ordered it or paid for it, and we do not work for the certification center indicated in the article. We share the path that we have passed ourselves and offer it to the rest. The small payment we receive for the certification of documents goes exclusively to reimbursement of expenses. If we find out about more convenient work with another certification center, we will definitely inform about it.

Do you need an electronic digital signature?

certification of documents - 300 rubles (one time)
annual certificate - 300 rubles (every year)

you may also additionally need:

program for working with EDS (for example, CRYPTOPRO V4 indefinitely) - 2700 rubles
token - 1700 rubles

Therefore, any costs must be justified and cost effective. Is EDS so beneficial for you? We will answer this question from personal experience.

EDS for a citizen

For a citizen, an EDS is needed only if he does not want to stand in lines at the MFC, Rosreestr and the Federal Tax Service. If in your city there are constant problems with these organizations, the queues are more than an hour, it is long and inconvenient to get to these organizations - then an electronic digital signature will simplify your life. If there are no queues, the MFC works without problems, and in Rosreestr or the Federal Tax Service a usual queue takes 15 minutes, then there is no particular sense in the EDS.

EDS for business

For an entry-level business, with one employee, without bidding and electronic reporting - it is needed as well as for a citizen, i.e. only in case of problems with time.

And if there are already several employees, or there are tenders and auctions, electronic reporting and you value your time, then you cannot do without an EDS. Yes, certificates for legal entities are more expensive, but all costs are paid off by profitable bargaining and savings in working time.

If you have weighed all the pros and cons and decide that you need to receive an EDS, then you can continue reading further.

Certification centers, or how EDS works

What is EDS? This is a small file, encrypted with a special cipher, which contains certain information about the owner of the signature and the documents associated with him, for example, Surname, Name and Patronymic, SNILS, etc. In order for an EDS to appear, someone must encrypt it and subsequently decrypt it for verification - these are certification centers.

If the document is signed with an EDS, then a small code is embedded in the document (EDS signing can be in the form of a separate file attachment). EDS is encrypted with a certain code, and the key is stored on the server of the certification center. When checking the EDS, the code in the document is decrypted with a key from the server, the information is read and checked against the stored one. If everything goes smoothly, then the signature is considered valid. Any attempt to make changes to the code, without knowledge of the ciphers and algorithms of the center, is impossible and leads to the invalidation of the signature.

Certification centers are those who encrypt information in a special way, store it on their server and provide an opportunity to check the integrity and validity of the code, in Russian Federation a lot of them. Centers can be both private and public, for example, at the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and the Federal tax service Russia has its own certification centers.

Thus, in order to receive an EDS, it is necessary to submit documents for encryption to any certifying center, and after encryption you will have a file with this information in your hands - Electronic digital signature.

Obtaining an EDS using the example of a citizen's signature

There are many certification centers with which you can verify your identity, confirm the authenticity of documents and issue an EDS. However, when we personally faced the need to issue an EDS, it turned out that the convenience and many certification centers are only for large cities of Russia. After analyzing the possibilities in the Primorsky Territory, we settled on the center of CJSC Server-Center, and to simplify the process for other citizens receiving EDS- became a registrar, having issued the ability to check and certify the authenticity of documents. The choice of this center is due to a simple fact - there is no need to come directly to the certification center, because the authenticity of documents can be verified by an external registrar.

How the signature is issued. Everything happens in three simple steps:

Stage 1 Registration in the system

To issue an EDS, you need to register a Personal Account on the website of the certification center. To do this, follow the link https://lk.atlas-2.ru/ and go through a simple registration.

After registration is over, you will have access to your personal account, in which you can attach your documents.

Stage 1 is completely free. The result will be your personal account in which you can draw up various EDS, download certificates, conduct secure correspondence, etc.

Stage 2 Certification of documents

After opening your personal account, you need to scan and upload documents, such as a passport, TIN, etc. And also enter their data in a special form.

After that, you come to us, or look for any other registrar on the map in your personal account and present the originals of the documents. The registrar checks the originals and confirms their authenticity in the system. After this procedure, you will no longer need to present the originals (unless changes are made to them).

Stage 2 is paid. We estimated this work at 100 rubles per document. A lot or a little - let's discuss :-). However, having paid once, your documents will be certified in the system forever and upon receipt of subsequent certificates (exchange or expiration of the validity), you will no longer have to certify the documents.

Stage 3 Registration of EDS

After your documents are certified, you can proceed directly to the selection of the EDS you need and draw up it. To obtain an EDS of a citizen of the Russian Federation, we need:

1) top up an account in your personal account for 300 rubles. The easiest way to pay by credit card, for this in " Personal account"Select" Top up balance "and follow the instructions.

2) choose a certificate. Click "Certificate", then "Order the issuance of a certificate" and select "Signature of a citizen of the Russian Federation".

3) get a certificate.

In the process of obtaining a certificate, you will need to choose whether you will download the EDS or save it on your computer.

Spoiler

The difference between these options is that you need a special storage medium for uploading - a protected flash drive. It is purchased separately, costs about 1,500-2,500 rubles and usually holds three signatures.

If you will work with EDS from home or some kind of permanent computer, then the carrier is usually not required. If you are drawing up signatures for a business, then a carrier will be needed.

The completion of the issuance of an EDS will be your certificate uploaded to a computer or to a medium, which will be the same electronic digital signature with which you can already start working.

Let us remind you that the certificate is issued once, therefore it will not be possible to copy or unload the EDS “again later” - there is only one electronic digital signature, issued for a certain period, and it can only be replaced with a new one.

More and more opportunities are received by people using a signature (EDS). This and electronic circulation documents, and remote receipt of certificates. A significant part of the functions is convenient only for companies and individual entrepreneurs, but in recent times and EDS has become useful for individuals as well.

What it is?

What is an analogue of a paper signature, the details of the document, with which you can establish and confirm the identity of the owner of the document, as well as establish whether changes were made to the document after the signature was installed. The operation of an electronic digital signature is based on the principle of converting information in a cryptographic way.

There are several terms that every electronic signature holder should know. For an individual, this also matters.

Understanding in terms

Now that we have explained what an EDS is, we need to understand the terms.

An electronic signature certificate is a document confirming the fact that the verification key (public key) of the digital signature belongs to the owner of this certificate. Such a certificate can only be obtained at certification centers (CAs) or at the offices of their trusted representatives.

The owner of the electronic signature certificate is an individual in whose name the EDS certificate was issued by the certification center. Each owner has two electronic signature keys: public and private.

The digital signature verification public key is uniquely associated with the private key. Its purpose is to verify the authenticity of an electronic signature.

The private key is used directly for generating electronic signatures and signing electronic documents. To ensure security, the owner of the certificate must use his private key only personally and not pass it into the hands of third parties.

Advantages

Initially, an electronic signature for individuals used extremely rarely. It has found its application in automating and simplifying various business processes, so legal entities have long appreciated the convenience of digital signatures. Over time the area EDS application expanded, and now any citizen of the Russian Federation can become the owner of such a signature. What is a digital signature for an individual for? She will allow you to decide whole line tasks and work with multiple platforms.

First of all, its use simplifies the use of state services on the "Gosuslugi" portal and other state and municipal websites. A citizen gets the opportunity to change and issue a passport, both Russian and foreign; register at the place of stay and place of residence, open an LLC and individual entrepreneur, send tax returns online, receive a TIN, order certificates of debts to the Federal Tax Service.

With the help of an electronic digital signature for an individual on "State Services", you can control the progress of enforcement proceedings, register or deregister vehicles, receive information about traffic fines, check your personal account in the pension fund. This is only a part of the functions available on the portal using an electronic digital signature.

Functions

How to get the?

EDS provides a number of advantages, so how can you get it? First of all, you need to fill in electronic application on the site of the certification center. The CA manager will process the application and send necessary instructions to your email address. The following documents will need to be prepared:

A statement in which you express your desire to receive an electronic digital signature.
SNILS.
The passport.

Individual entrepreneurs

For individual entrepreneurs, this list must be supplemented with an individual entrepreneur and an extract from the USRIP.

Issuing a digital signature for an individual usually takes one business day, but the actual information must be specified in the selected certification center.

The certification center reserves the right to require additional documents. If necessary, a complete list will be sent by e-mail.

Types of signatures

There are three types of electronic signatures for individuals. The scope of each of them is different.

A simple electronic digital signature allows, by using passwords, codes and other means, to confirm that the document was formed and signed by a specific person. A simple electronic signature can be used to submit documents to court of Arbitration, for internal and external workflow, for workflow with other individuals. Each document certified by such a signature has the same legal force as a paper counterpart. With the help of such a signature, you can fully use the functions of the Gosuslugi portal, but it is not suitable for filing declarations with regulatory authorities (PFR, FTS, FSS) and for participation in electronic trading.

An enhanced digital signature for an individual (unqualified) works on the principle of cryptographic data transformation. The work uses a private signature key. This digital signature allows not only to determine the identity of the person who signed the document, but also to detect the fact of a change in the document after the moment of the signature.

The third type is an enhanced qualified electronic signature. It differs from unskilled by a higher degree of protection. All cryptographic means of creating and verifying such a digital signature are certified Federal Service security of the Russian Federation. Enhanced Qualified Electronic Signatures can only be obtained from accredited certification authorities.

Legal validity

Some people are afraid that the document, certified with an electronic signature, is not a real document. However, according to Federal Law No. 63 "On Electronic Signature", such a document, certified with an enhanced or simple digital signature, is equivalent to a similar document certified by a handwritten signature on paper. Nevertheless, there is a condition: participants in electronic interaction must first conclude an agreement.

And what about the enhanced qualified signature? Such a digital signature is analogous not only to a handwritten signature, but also to a print on paper. The regulatory authorities (FSS, PFR, FTS) assign legal force only to documents certified with an enhanced qualified digital signature.

Which certificate should you choose?

There are different types of electronic signatures, and therefore certificates. Participants electronic transmission documents have the right to use any digital signatures, at their discretion and prior agreement, unless otherwise specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

It is necessary to choose one or another type of digital signature depending on the specific tasks that it has to perform. For example, to work with the "Gosuslugi" portal, a simple unqualified signature will be enough, but to transfer reports to the regulatory authorities, an enhanced qualified electronic signature will be required.

It will also be required if the task is electronic document management between corporations. In short, if you only need to confirm the identity of the owner who put the signature, a simple digital signature is enough. If you need confirmation not only of authorship, but also protection against changes and control of the integrity of the document, you will need a qualified electronic signature.

The price of the certificate depends directly on the tasks performed. Of course, an enhanced qualified digital signature can solve many problems, but it is much more expensive than others. Sometimes there are situations where even such a signature cannot help. For example, some operators of electronic document circulation have rules for accepting certificates, according to which they work only with EDS issued by their certification centers. That is why, before issuing a signature, it is necessary to clearly indicate its purpose.

Registration through the MFC

Since 2017, it has become possible to issue an electronic signature key in multifunctional centers throughout the country. This is convenient, because you do not need to contact the certification center, but use the services of the MFC at the place of residence, however, the process of obtaining an EDS will increase and will take ten working days from the date of application.

What is the cost of a digital signature for an individual? It all depends on its purpose. For example, the cost of an EDS that allows you to fully use the portal "Gosuslugi" starts from 500 rubles. This simple digital signature is not suitable for bidding or submitting reports to regulatory authorities; it is issued exclusively to individuals.

EDS for free

It is, of course, impossible to get an electronic digital signature completely free of charge. However, some programs have built-in functions that allow you to establish the authorship of a document. One of these programs is Microsoft Outlook. The signature, which is usually placed at the end of the message, can be copied in a few seconds. Microsoft Outlook offers the ability to digitally sign all emails. So the recipient of the message can always be sure that he is receiving messages from the holder of the digital ID used in the certification. This practically negates the possibility of message falsification.

To sign a message with a digital signature, in the message window, click on the "Options" tab, from there go to the "Permission" group and press the "Sign message" button. If this button is missing, there is another option. In the message box, select "Parameters", go to the "Additional parameters" group. A dialog box will launch in the lower right corner. In it, you need to click on the item "Security Options", find the line "Add digital signature to the message" and select the checkbox on this parameter. Then click "OK" and close the window.

You can configure the program so that it will digitally sign messages automatically. To do this, select the "Options" item in the "File" tab, and then click on the "Security Control Center" menu. Next, select the "Trust Center Settings" section.

In this menu, find the item and go to the "Encrypted mail" group. Here you need to check the box "Add digital signature to outgoing messages".

Good afternoon, dear readers! This article is dedicated to business owners, regardless of its size and organizational form, and ordinary citizens of our country. It will be equally useful and interesting for both simple individual entrepreneurs and the owners of large commercial enterprises... What do they have in common? The answer is simple - document flow and the need to interact with various government agencies! Therefore, let's talk about a tool that will greatly simplify the movement of documents, both inside the enterprise and outside it! Today we will take a closer look at how to get an electronic signature (EDS)!

Let's start with the essence of the electronic signature and the mechanism of its functioning, then we will consider the scope and unconditional usefulness, after which we will discuss how to obtain it for an individual entrepreneur, individual entrepreneur and legal entities, and also talk about the necessary documents. We have collected the maximum full information how to get an EDS! By the way, if necessary, you can use it to close the IP. The article describes how to do it!

What is an electronic digital signature: the simple essence of a complex concept!

Each document at the enterprise must be signed by an authorized person. The signature gives it legal effect. Modern technologies transferred the workflow to electronic format. Which turned out to be extremely convenient! Firstly, electronic documents simplified and accelerated the exchange of data in the enterprise (especially with international cooperation). Secondly, the expense associated with their turnover has been reduced. Third, the security of commercial information has improved significantly. Despite the electronic format, each document must be signed, so an EDS was developed.

What is an electronic digital signature? This is an analogue of traditional digital painting, which is used to give legal effect to documents on electronic media. The word "analog" should be understood as a sequence of cryptographic symbols, generated randomly using special software. It is stored on electronic media. Flash drives are commonly used.

There are two important concepts associated with ES: certificate and key. A certificate is a document that certifies that an electronic signature belongs to a specific person. It can be normal and reinforced. The latter is issued only by some accredited certification authorities or directly by the FSB.

The electronic signature key is the same sequence of characters. The keys are used in pairs. The first is the signature, and the second is the verification key that verifies its authenticity. A new unique key is generated for each new document to be signed. It is important to understand that the information received on the flash drive in the certification center is not an electronic signature, it is just a means for its creation.

An electronic signature has the same legal weight and effect as a paper document. Of course, if there were no violations when applying this parameter. If a discrepancy or any deviations from the norm are detected, the document will not become valid. The use of digital signatures is regulated by the state with the help of two laws FZ-1 and FZ-63. They affect all areas of application of the signature: in civil law relations, in interaction with municipal and state bodies.

How the idea of using the EOC came about: let's remember the past!

In 1976, two American cryptographers, Diffie and Hellman, suggested that electronic digital signatures could be created. It was just a theory, but it resonated with the public. As a result, already in 1977, the RSA cryptographic algorithm was released, which made it possible to create the first electronic signatures. In comparison with the present, they were very primitive, but it was at this moment that the foundation was laid for the future rapid development of the industry and the widespread dissemination of electronic document management.

The millennium has brought about significant changes. In the United States, a law was passed, according to which a signature on paper was equivalent in legal force to an electronic one. This is how a new rapidly growing segment of the market appeared, the volume of which, according to forecasts of American analysts, by 2020 will amount to $ 30 billion.

In Russia, the first electronic signatures began to be used only in 1994. The first law to regulate their application was adopted in 2002. However, it was distinguished by extreme vagueness of formulations and ambiguity in the interpretation of terms. The law did not give an unambiguous answer to the question of how to obtain an electronic signature and use it.

In 2010, a large-scale project was developed to create a virtual environment to provide public services in electronic format, which in August of the same year was submitted for consideration to the President of the Russian Federation. One of the key areas of the project is the ability to use EDS. The regions were obliged to create conditions for free access of individuals and legal entities to the possibilities of electronic document flow, so that everyone who wants to can get an ES. Since then, the "electronic state" has been actively developing in Russia.

In 2011, the President ordered the executive authorities to switch to electronic document management within the structures. By June of the same year, all officials were provided with EDS. The program was financed from the federal budget. In 2012, electronic document management started working in all executive bodies of the Russian Federation without exception.

After these transformations, there were two acute questions. First, EP was not universal. For each goal, a new signature had to be obtained. Secondly, some crypto providers were incompatible with others, which put their clients in a difficult position. Therefore, in 2012, a global process of unification in the field of electronic document management began. Thanks to this, we have modern universal signatures and software.

EDS signature: 5 advantages and 6 use cases!

Many entrepreneurs do not yet apply in their economic activity EOC. In many respects, the reason for this is elementary ignorance of all its capabilities and advantages. Using electronic format for signing documents, subjects entrepreneurial activity(Individual entrepreneur, legal entity) receive the following benefits:

Documents are maximally protected from falsification.

Since the computer is very difficult to deceive. In this case, the human factor is completely excluded. After all, you can simply not notice that the signature on the document is different from the genuine one. It is impossible to forge an electronic signature. This requires very large computing power, which is practically impossible to implement at the current level of device development, and a lot of time.

Optimization, acceleration and simplification of document flow.

Complete elimination of the possibility of data leakage or loss of important papers. Any copy certified by an electronic identifier is guaranteed to be received by the addressee in the sent form: no extraordinary circumstances can cause damage to it.

Reducing costs due to the elimination of paper media.

For small firms record keeping in paper form was not burdensome, which cannot be said about large enterprises... Many of them had to rent separate premises, warehouses for storing documents for 5 years. In addition to the cost of paper, printers, ink, office supplies, there was also a rent! In addition, depending on the field of activity, some companies could reduce costs by reducing the number of employees who dealt with documents: reception, processing, etc. Also, the need to recycle paper has disappeared: for certain types organizations whose activities are related to confidential information, even this line of expenses turned out to be significant. The process of destruction of documents under the EDS - a few clicks of the computer mouse.

The format of the signed electronic signature fully complies with international requirements.
There is no need to obtain a separate signature to bid or submit reports to regulatory authorities.

You can get an electronic signature, which will allow you to use it at all necessary sites.

Before proceeding to consider the question of how to obtain an electronic signature, we list all the possible options for its use:

Internal document flow. It implies the movement of commercial information, orders, orders, etc. inside the company.
External document flow. We are talking about the exchange of documents between two organizations partners in the B2B system or between an enterprise and a B2C client.
Submission of reports to regulatory authorities:

Federal Tax Service,
Pension Fund,
Social Insurance Fund,
Customs Service,
Rosalkogolregulirovanie,
Rosfinmonitoring and others.

To gain access to the "Client-Bank" system.
To participate in auctions and auctions.
To receive government services:

State Service website,
RosPatent,
Rosreestr.

How to get an electronic signature: step by step instructions!

Having appreciated all the advantages of using an electronic signature, you decided to get one. And, of course, faced with a natural question: how to do it? We will answer this question with a detailed step by step instructions, which will help you quickly and easily get an EDS signature!

There are 6 steps in total.

Step 1. Selecting the type of electronic signature.

Step 2. Selecting a certification authority.

Step 3. Filling out the application.

Step 4. Payment of the invoice.

Step 5. Collecting a package of documents.

Step 6. Receiving an EDS.

Now let's talk about each step in more detail!

Step 1. Choice of type: everyone likes their own!

The first step towards obtaining an electronic signature is choosing its type. According to federal laws there are such types of EDS:

Simple. It encodes data about the owner of the signature, so that the recipient of the paper is convinced who the sender is. It does not protect against counterfeiting.
Reinforced:

unqualified - confirms not only the identity of the sender, but also the fact that no changes were made to the document after signing.
qualified - the most secure signature, the legal force of which is 100% consistent with the strength of an ordinary signature! It is issued only in those centers that are accredited by the FSB.

Recently, more and more customers want to get a strengthened qualified signature, which is quite reasonable. Like any other "keys" that open access to private information or financial transactions, fraudsters of various categories hunt for EDS. Analysts believe that over the next 10 years, the first two species will simply become obsolete. The choice depends on the variant of using the EDS. To make it easier to make a decision, we have drawn up the data in a table, it will help to make a choice and focus on a specific necessary and sufficient form.

Scope of application	Simple	Unqualified	Qualified
Internal document flow	+	+	+
External document flow	+	+	+
Court of Arbitration	+	+	+
State services website	+	-	+
Supervisory authorities	-	-	+
Electronic auctions	-	-	+

If you are going to receive an EDS signature for the convenience of submitting reports, you will have to apply for a qualified one. If the goal is document flow in the enterprise, then it is enough to get a simple or unqualified signature.

Step 2. Certification center: TOP-7 of the largest and most reliable companies!

A certification center is an organization whose purpose is to generate and issue electronic digital signatures. CA is a legal entity, the charter of which specifies the corresponding type of activity. Their functions include:

EDS issuance;
providing a public key to everyone;
blocking of an electronic signature, in the event that there is a suspicion of its unreliability;
confirmation of the authenticity of the signature;
mediation in the event of conflict situations;
provision of all necessary software for clients;
technical support.

On the this moment about a hundred of such centers operate on the territory of the Russian Federation. But there are only seven industry leaders:

EETP is the leader of the electronic trading market in the Russian Federation. The company's activities are highly diversified, which does not prevent it from occupying leading positions in each segment. In addition to organizing and conducting auctions, he is engaged in the sale of property that is poorly sold, teaches the specifics of participating in auctions, forms and sells an EDS.
Electronic Express is the official operator of the electronic document management of the Federal Tax Service. Has a full set of licenses (including the FSB license).
Taxnet - develops software for electronic document management. In particular, he is engaged in the creation and implementation of digital signatures.
Sertum-Pro Kontur - the company deals with electronic signature certificates. In addition, it offers many convenient additional services for its customers, which will significantly expand the capabilities of the digital signature.
Taxcom - the company specializes in external and internal document flow of companies and reporting to various regulatory authorities. For this, appropriate software is developed and electronic signatures are created. Is on the list of official data operators from cash registers.
The Tensor company is a giant in the world of document circulation over telecommunication networks. Provides a full range of services: from the development of complexes for automating the workflow at enterprises to the creation and implementation of electronic signatures.
National Certification Center - develops and sells various EDS certificates, offers customers software for generating and submitting reports to all government agencies.

Choose a CA depending on your capabilities and location. It is important to check if there is a point for issuing ready-made electronic signatures in your city. It is quite easy to find out by visiting the official websites of the companies.

If for some reason you are not satisfied with the centers from our TOP-7 list, then you can use the services of other companies. Full list accredited CAs can be found on the website www.minsvyaz.ru in the "Important" section.

Step 3. How to get an electronic signature: fill out an application!

The choice has been made, now you know exactly what you want, so it's time to apply to the certification center. This can be done in two ways: by visiting the office of the company or by filling out an application on its website.

Remote application submission will save you from a personal visit. The application contains a minimum of information: full name, contact phone number and e-mail. Within an hour after sending you a CA employee will call you back and specify the necessary data. In addition, he will answer all the questions that interest you and advise on what type of digital signature to choose for your case.

Step 4. Paying the bill: money in advance!

You will have to pay for the service before receiving it. That is, immediately after accepting the application and agreeing on the details with the client, an invoice will be issued in his name. The cost of an EDS varies depending on the company you applied to, the region of residence and the type of signature. It includes:

generating a signature key certificate,
software required to create, sign and send documents,
technical customer support.

The minimum price is about 1,500 rubles. Average 5,000 - 7,000 rubles. The cost of one electronic signature may be less than 1,500 rubles, only if signatures are ordered for a large number of employees of one enterprise.

Step 5. Documents for obtaining an EDS: we form a package!

When forming a package of documents, it is essential which subject of civil law is the customer: an individual, a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur. Therefore, we will consider documents for obtaining an EDS separately for each category.

Individuals must provide:

statement,
passport plus copies,
individual taxpayer number,
SNILS.
Receipt of payment.

The authorized person of the recipient of the electronic signature can submit documents to the CA. To do this, you need to issue a power of attorney.

To obtain an EDS, a legal entity will have to prepare:

Statement.
Two certificates of state registration: with PSRN and INN.
Extract from the register of legal entities. Important! The statement must be "fresh". Each certification authority has its own requirements in this regard.
Passport plus a copy of the person who will use the electronic signature.
SNILS of the employee who will use the EDS.
If the signature is issued for the director, then an order of appointment must be attached.
For employees who are lower in the hierarchical ladder of the company, you will have to issue a power of attorney for the right to use the EPC.
Receipt of payment.

Documents for obtaining EDS by individual entrepreneurs:

Statement.
Registration certificate with OGRNIP number.
Certificate with TIN.
Extract from the register of entrepreneurs, issued no earlier than 6 months ago, or a copy certified by a notary.
The passport.
SNILS.
Receipt of payment.

Confidant individual entrepreneur can pick up an electronic digital signature in the presence of a power of attorney and a passport. When submitting an application in electronic form, documents are sent to the CA by mail, and in case of a personal visit, they are submitted simultaneously with the application.

Step 6. We receive a digital signature: the home stretch!

Documents can be obtained from numerous collection points that are located throughout the country. Information about them can be found on the official website of the CA. Usually the term for obtaining a signature does not exceed two to three days.

Delay is possible only on the part of the customer who untimely paid for the services of the certification center or did not collect everything Required documents... Please note that you need to get an extract from the unified state register of individual entrepreneurs or legal entities on time, since this process takes 5 working days! Some CAs provide an urgent EDS service. Then the whole procedure takes about one hour. Now you know how to get an electronic signature.

Important! The ES is valid for one year from the date of its receipt. After this period, it will need to be extended or a new one received.

EDS with your own hands: the impossible is possible!

In fact, it is quite possible to create an electronic signature yourself. If you have the appropriate education, you will have a good understanding of what an electronic digital signature is and have an unbeatable enthusiasm. However, do not forget that you will not only have to generate a cryptographic sequence, you also need to develop and write the appropriate software. A logical question arises: why do this? Moreover, the market is full of ready-made solutions! For large companies it is also not profitable to "tinker" with the independent development of electronic signatures, since you will have to hire a staff of new employees in the IT department. And in the article