What is shift work. The rotational method of work - what is it: the peculiarities of working and rest conditions. Monthly payroll

The rotational method of performing work is determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, in which Ch. 47 regulates the conditions and peculiarities of labor for citizens working on a shift basis. In addition to the Labor legislation, the specifics of labor regulation in Russia are determined by the Resolution of the USSR State Labor Committee of 1988, as amended, and the Regulation providing for rotational work.

What is a watch

The rotational work method is certain working conditions for citizens in enterprises located far from the place of residence of workers, in which it is impossible to return home.

The enterprises where the watch is used are located in sparsely populated regions of the North, geological exploration and drilling rigs, floating bases for fishing and processing fish, construction of new facilities in remote and sparsely populated areas.

As practice shows, the rotational method is most effective in areas with harsh climatic conditions, making it difficult, and sometimes impossible, for permanent residence of people.

How work is organized on a rotational basis

Shifts, or shifts, provide for the performance of work at the enterprise, without returning to the place of residence, a certain amount of days. Shift time of work alternates with rest between shifts.

The optimal duration of the shift is 2 weeks, which is replaced by 2 weeks of rest with the return home. According to law labor time should not be more than 30 calendar days.

With rare exceptions, by agreement with the republican trade union committee, permission of the relevant ministry or department, at special facilities, the duration of the shift is allowed for a period of up to 60 working days.

Rotational workers and their service personnel live in rotational camps, equipped with everything necessary for temporary accommodation, meals and recreation. Rotational camps meet the requirements for providing workers:

heat, water, and power supply,
mobile communications,
medical care,
organization of social and cultural facilities

Objects where labor activity is directly carried out are considered a place of work. In the event of a change of location or relocation of an object of work, the transfer of an employee from one object to another, to perform an activity, is not qualified as a transfer, and the employee's consent is not required.

Schedule

During hiring, the possibility of shift work is negotiated with the employee. The Labor Code provides for the drafting of an employment contract that clearly defines the rights and obligations during shift work.

According to labor legislation, it is prohibited to work on a rotational basis:

minors
pregnant
women with 3 children
persons who have not undergone a medical examination and do not have permission for rotational work

The decision to switch to a rotational regime is made by the director of the enterprise, which is agreed with the trade union committee, "endorsed" by the leadership of the higher organization. Transfer to a rotational work method is agreed with the employee, for a period of 1 month before the start of the shift. The direction of an employee's rotational work does not qualify as a business trip.

The employee's working time is recorded on the basis of the work schedule. A rotational work schedule is an approved document that determines the working hours of all employees at certain period time. The schedule is drawn up monthly, an example sample:

For a continuous production process, the work of shift workers can be planned in advance, drawing up a schedule of outputs for 2 months or a quarter.

Time tracking

The Labor Code provides for the summarized accounting of hours worked for one or several months, but no more than 12 months. IN work time not only the time for the actually performed work is counted, but also the time spent on the road to the place of work and back, as well as the time after work rest during the shift.

The company maintains a personal account for each shift worker, in which hours worked and rest time are taken into account on a monthly basis. Monthly credentials are summarized throughout the year.

According to the current legislation, the norm of working hours should not exceed 40 hours per week. With a five-day working week, the daily rate is 8 working hours, and 2 days off. Also, the labor code allows a 6-day working week, and work with the provision of days off on a sliding schedule.

In any of the selected work scheduling options, the working time is 40 hours per week. With a schedule of 6 working days, the TC provides for a working day of no more than 5 hours per day preceding the day off.

Features of work on a rotational basis - work should not exceed 12 hours a day. Working hours are taken into account in accordance with the work schedule.

When working on a rotational basis, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to strictly observe the daily or weekly working time, therefore, summarized accounting is used, which is regulated by Article 104 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

In the event of a deviation from the daily or weekly rate, the summary accounting allows you to adjust the working time upward, in case of deficiency, or downward, during processing, without violating the law.

Example 1.

December 2015

27 working days with a 6-day working week, of which 5 days before the weekend, and the working time is reduced by 1 hour.

Calculation of normal working hours: 22 work. d. x 7h + 5work. d. x 6h = 184h.

Example 2.

The accounting of working time on shift work is determined in the same manner.

The shift is 15 days, working conditions are normal.

Calculation of working time with a 12 hour working day: 15 r.d. x 12h = 180h.

Payroll

Payment for rotational work is carried out in different ways:

piecework, charged for a certain amount of work, indicating prices by type of work
time-based, is charged for the number of hours worked and depends on the tariff rate and category of the employee
for engineering and technical and maintenance personnel - for the time actually worked based on the official salary or rate.

In addition to the basic salary, bonuses and material incentives are provided for shift workers, the amounts of which and the conditions for receiving are determined by the Collective agreement or the statute on bonuses.

The main provisions on work on a rotational basis clearly define the amount of allowances, compensations and various additional payments associated with working conditions that differ from normal. The organization chooses the payment system independently and stipulates the terms of payment in the employment contract.

For workers employed on a rotational basis, including employees of organizations and enterprises of food and trade, medical institutions, transport and communications, regional coefficients are used: northern, desert, waterless, high-mountain. The coefficients are applied to basic wages in accordance with the regulations in force in the given territory.

Basic wage supplements

The regulation on the rotational method provides for the payment of an allowance for the "specific" nature of the rotational work instead of per diem.

The current norms of the allowance for work on a rotational basis:

for those working in conditions, and those equated to them, the Far North - 75 percent of the salary or accrued wages
for those working at construction sites - 75 percent
for those working at the facilities of the Far East, Siberia and the European North - 50 percent
for those working at facilities located in other regions of the Russian Federation

The allowance accrued for work on a rotational basis is not taxed and mandatory fees to the pension fund and social insurance funds.

The amount of the allowance is calculated every calendar day of stay on duty. Also, the allowance is charged on the way to the place of work or returning from the shift.

The calculation of the allowance is based on the payroll method chosen by the business. Payment is made in one of the following ways:

hourly rate
daily rate
monthly rate or salary

The size of rates and salaries is fixed in the staffing table approved by the director of the enterprise. Form form staffing table(T3) approved by the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation.

The time actually worked by each employee is recorded in the time sheet. Based on the report card of exits and the number of hours worked, a payroll is compiled.

Calculating the hourly markup

Calculation of the monthly tariff rate:

RUB 168 per month x 60 rubles. (hourly payment) = 10,080 rubles.

Calculation of the allowance: 10 80 rubles. : 100 x 75 (75% markup) = 7 560 rubles.

Monthly salary: 10,080 + 7,560 = 17,640 rubles.

Calculation of the daily rate mark-up

Calculation of the monthly wage rate for a 5-day working week:

24 work. day х 480 rubles. = RUB 11 520

Calculation of the surcharge: 11 520 rubles: 100 x 75 (75% surcharge) = 8 640 rubles.

Monthly salary: 11 520 + 8 640 = 20 160 rubles.

Calculation with a monthly salary

Tariff rate (monthly salary) - 15,000 rubles.

Calculation of the allowance: 15,000 rubles. : 100 x 75 (75% markup) = 11 250 rubles.

Monthly salary: 15,000 + 11,250 = 26,250 rubles.

Leisure and vacations

The shift worker has the right to a daily 12-hour rest. In case of a decrease in the rest time, the "not received" rest time is summed up and provided in the form of an additional day off. The monthly number of days off must be at least the number of full working weeks in a given month.

In case of dismissal before the end of the accounting month, by agreement with the employee, the date of dismissal is indicated taking into account the unused days of rest.

Under the current legislation, an employee has the right to an annual paid leave of 28 days, which is extended by the number of public holidays that fall within this period. The duration of the vacation period is not affected by 5 or 6-day weekly operation.

In case of illness during the vacation period, the employee has the right to extend the vacation by the number of sick leave days. Before issuing a vacation, the employee is provided with unused rest days during the shift.

For workers on a rotational basis in the northern regions, additional leave is provided - for workers in the Far North - 24 days, for equivalent regions - 16 calendar days.

Payment of sick leave

In the organization of work, an important place is occupied not only by working conditions, but also by the life of shift workers. The shift camps are equipped with medical institutions to provide the necessary medical care.

What an employee can count on in the event of injury and illness. Upon receipt work injury at runtime job responsibilities, an insured event occurs. Sick leave payments are made from the accident insurance fund.

Loss of incapacity for work associated with deterioration of health in a non-working environment is covered by the social insurance fund.

To determine the amount of sick leave payments, all amounts earned by the employee are taken into account, from which contributions to the social fund were paid. Insurance. For a shift worker, these will be: basic wages, regional coefficient, bonuses and other material incentives.

The allowance paid for work on a rotational basis is not the basis for the deduction of insurance premiums, and the amount of the premium will not be included for calculating sick leave pay.

All types of cash payments for the last 2 years of work, as well as the cost of material benefits from which contributions to the FSS were paid, will be taken into account when calculating sick leave.

For workers on a rotational basis in the North, when calculating the amounts on sick leave, the regional coefficient is used. If an employee has less than 6 months of insurance experience, then he is established minimum size the amount of sick leave payment, on which the regional coefficient is charged.

Employment

Responsibility for the employment of shift workers lies with the head of the enterprise. The trade union committee takes part in the organization of work, and is responsible for the correct execution of documents personnel service enterprises.

The well-coordinated work of all sections helps not only to correctly arrange labor contract, but also to provide normal conditions for the watch with accommodation. This means that the shift team will “work out” the shift with maximum productivity and efficiency.

Content

In search of decent earnings, in our difficult time, more and more questions are asked about the type of work on a rotational basis. Such employment often involves working outside the home, in the areas of production, industry, expeditions. What are the advantages and what are the disadvantages of this type of activity? Before agreeing to given view cooperation, find out about your rights and obligations, the length of the working day, the vacation period, days off and other issues.

What is the rotational method of work

Traditionally, the shift method is a shift activity, in season, temporary or permanent. Shift work should not be confused with shift work. After the end of the working day, shift workers cannot go home and stay for some time in the production itself, and shift work is when they have worked their working hours and left home.

More frequent vacancies are in the Far North and its sparsely populated areas, where there is production. If you search on the Internet, you can find many rotational vacancies, both for specialized qualified specialists, and for ordinary handymen, cooks, security guards. The main direction is production and industry:

Logging.
Mining of oil and gas.
Exploration and production of minerals, precious metals, coal deposits, etc.
Railway transport.
Fish breeding and others.

What is the reason for the popularity of the method? The main function is the need and order of the employer for a large number of employees. Although it is more expensive to pay, it costs more, the industry employer is willing to provide workers with everything. the necessary conditions, provide all payments. After all, the main criterion is the result - a clearly established manufacturing process without interruptions and interruptions (for example, in the production of oil products, it is important to comply with all technical and time periods).

Where is such employment most common? In the first place is the hard-to-reach and sparsely populated area in Russia - for example, in the Far North. Reconstruction and construction of large objects of industrial or cultural significance, their further support and maintenance is carried out by shift workers. At the same time, long experience is not required. Attracting foreign citizens for employment in factories, manufacturing factories, and in the service sector is also a rotational work.

Features of the organization of the shift in Moscow and St. Petersburg

Not only in the North, but also in large cities, there is a great need for labor. And large companies are more loyal to employees and do not always look at the experience, seniority of employees, education and existing skills. Large cities such as St. Petersburg and Moscow are constantly expanding, which naturally increases the need for construction companies.

Vacancies offered in labor markets in capitals are associated not only with construction, but also with the increase and improvement of infrastructure, foremen, drivers, movers, security guards, workers in supermarkets and hypermarkets are always needed. Not every woman will be able to find such employment for herself, but there are vacancies for them too - warehouse manager, nanny, nurse, au pair, cashier in the store and everything related to the service sector. In all these areas of activity there is a lot of competition, which increases the number of vacancies.

Such an organization of labor is beneficial to the employer, because it significantly increases productivity. At the same time, the hiring party must provide employees with all the conditions for living, ensure reception. These are either specially created residential townships, or places in hostels. And, before going to work on a shift, it is worth clarifying the issue of living conditions with the employer.

Legal regulation

Before applying for a job in the company on a rotational basis, it will not be superfluous to familiarize yourself with the Labor Code Russian Federation; such activity is regulated by a certain article of the Law. According to article 297 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, watch is a type of legal labor activity when the daily return of the worker to the place of registration is impossible. This type of employment is not a business trip, all working time spent at work (shift) and inter-shift rest are considered as a shift. Registration is carried out under an employment contract.

Working hours should not exceed one month in duration, although the employer can increase the term of service to three months, having previously substantiated his decision by an order indicating the reasons for increasing the shift and facilities. The length of a working day, by law, must not exceed 12 hours. Everything that is above can be considered for processing and is paid additionally (part 1 of article 299 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). The schedule is set by the employer.

On a watch, the working time goes constantly, seven days a week, the working day is 12 hours, then, taking into account these hours, processing takes place and unused days off remain, of which there should be at least 4 per month. These overtime hours are compensated by a payment of the daily wage rate, or days off. Day off or vacation, in this case, is carried out outside the rotational facility at the place of residence (part 3 of article 301 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Often, the shift is located at a considerable distance from the employee's place of residence and you need to get to the point somehow. From the collection point, which is appointed by the employing company, to the office, the cost of travel is paid by the employer, while the days spent on the trip are considered working days and are paid according to the daily rate (part 8 of article 302 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). But the employee will have to get to the collection point on his own, according to the law, the employer does not pay for this distance, unless otherwise provided by internal orders and contracts of the shift facility.

What is a watch according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

The rotational method is a special form of implementation labor process“Away from home”, the basis of which is the impossibility of ensuring the daily return of workers to their place of permanent residence (part 1 of article 297 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). It is understood that the employer guarantees the provision of all conditions for living, ensures livelihoods, organizes delivery from the collection point to the destination.

The order of the enterprise on the organization of the rotational method

Before deciding on the introduction of a rotational method of labor organization, the enterprise carries out a technical, economic, economic calculation, on the basis of which the expediency and effectiveness of the transition to the new kind labor activity. The administration or the head issues an order stating that the enterprise is transferred or introduces rotational work. Order approval includes:

the fact of change, transfer and their implementation at the enterprise;
summarized time tracking;
for what period the summarized working time is taken into account;
wage conditions, specifically:
private enterprises set their own level of watch allowance; in government agencies this allowance is regulated by law;
coefficient for the district;
allowance and percentage of allowance "northern";
the duration of the shift, the number of days of work and days of rest;
sometimes a list of employees who are prohibited from engaging in this type of activity is displayed;
a mark on the minutes of the meeting of the trade union (why do we need a trade union protocol in this case?
a mark of familiarization by employees with the content of the order is required.

Types of watches

There are different shifts - intra-regional and expeditionary, or between regions. If the intra-regional type does not suggest too much a long period activity - 2 weeks and the object itself is not too far from the employee's place of residence, then the second is longer. An expeditionary or interregional shift not only lasts longer than a regular shift, but the facility is located further away. A research expedition can also be considered a rotational work method.

What is the difference between a watch and a business trip

Not to be confused with a business trip. There is some difference:

A business trip is a trip to carry out any assignment from the management. The watch is a full-fledged 12-hour shift.
Payment. On a business trip, a tariff working day, plus some allowances. During employment, a separate legal contract is concluded, which stipulates the terms of remuneration, composition, volume of work and the term of employment.
A medical examination when traveling on a business trip is not required, while for long-term shift activities, a medical book is required (a contraindication should be noted).
On a business trip, there are no restrictions on the length of stay in departure, neither minimum nor maximum. On a watch, the duration of service is no more than one month (in some cases, up to three months).

Labor organization conditions when working on a rotational basis

Such employment is beneficial for both the employee and the employer. But, it should be understood that this type of activity is not only remoteness from home and living in the employer's territory, but also difficult, many-day physical work, in harsh climatic conditions, which not every person can do. It is very important to understand that only a healthy person in good physical shape can work and not undermine his health.

Who can work

The most important selection criteria for applicants are physics and human health. To get a job in this area, you need to undergo a medical examination, which will help not only to identify diseases that hinder recruitment, but also to prevent the risk of their occurrence. Necessarily permission from a general practitioner, cardiologist (the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the Far North is very high), narcologist and psychiatrist. Examination by other doctors is regulated by the enterprise, depending on the type of activity, and is approved by an internal order and a local act.

Restriction on hiring

minors;
pregnant women;
guardians of three or more children;
persons who did not pass a medical examination, or were not admitted based on the results of a medical examination confirming disability. For such citizens, watch service may be prohibited or a restriction may be imposed.

Organization of work and rest regime

The calculation of working hours differs from the calculation of the usual type of service. The account displays the entire working period, including the time spent on the road, and between shifts. The duration of the working day should not exceed 12 hours, taking into account the lunch break. You cannot go to work in two shifts in a row. The number of days of rest must be at least 4 and fall on any days of the week.

The shift schedule and its appointment are established by the employer. The optimal schedule is 2 weeks of work, 2 weeks of rest. But, at some facilities, the shift period can be 30 and 60 days. Rest between shifts is called an inter-shift rest and is carried out by an employee outside the facility. It is understood that the place of residence. This type of holiday is periodic and is provided several times throughout the year. At the same time, vacation is paid at the standard rate, without allowances for the harsh climatic region and working conditions.

Full cycle of rotational work

In general, you can display the time taken into account when calculating for a watch from and to in the list:

the time spent on the way from the collection point (set by the employer) to the final destination;
time spent on the direct fulfillment of the employee's direct duties;
and in reverse order - the days spent traveling from the place of work to the collection point;
time period allotted for inter-shift rest.

Rotational schedule

To optimize and normalize working hours at an enterprise operating on a rotational basis, a special schedule is created. It displays the entire cycle of activity. All shifts for each employee are indicated, indicating how many hours this or that employee worked by name. The document displays the time spent on the transportation of workers from the collection point to the shift and back, and the period of inter-shift rest. The direct supervisor is responsible for maintaining the schedule.

Shift duration

As already mentioned, the duration of the daily shift should not exceed 12 hours, while during work time is provided for a break and lunch. Sometimes the shift increases to 14 hours a day, but not more than double. BUT total time employment at each enterprise is set individually. This is a multi-temporal continuous schedule of 10/10 (10 working days for 10 days of vacation), 14/14, 30/30, but not more than 60 days according to the law of the Russian Federation.

Time relax

After graduation working day it's time to rest. All the time that remains at the end of the working day can be considered rest and the employee does not leave the territory of residence at the facility. The rest period between shifts is set at each enterprise individually, the employee travels outside the territory of residence at the facility, such vacation periods are considered long - from 10 to 60 days.

Place of residence for shift workers

It is legally established that when sending workers on a shift, the employing company must provide them with housing or a place to live. When applying for a job, we advise you to pay attention to what kind of living conditions the employer offers. There were cases when this clause in the contract was not discussed and the employee had to settle himself at the place of service.

They are considered temporary housing, they are specially equipped for 1.5-2 years in the immediate vicinity of the object of work. The erection of such buildings is optimal if it is not profitable for the employer to rent housing, the object of labor is located in a sparsely populated or remote place. The arrangement of the town involves not only the presence of residential apartments, but also utility rooms (canteen, first-aid post, bathhouse, shop, etc.) and the infrastructure must be developed.

The room must comply with sanitary and technical standards and must be equipped with the necessary furniture, household appliances, household equipment, bedding, fire safety equipment. Carrying out communications - heating, sewerage, water supply, lighting is a necessary norm. The material used in the construction of villages is different - wood, sand blocks, slabs, but recently collapsible container blocks with connected communications have become popular.

Work without building a residential complex

Not every enterprise can afford to build an autonomous rotational camp with all communications and important infrastructure. Often, an organization (especially a construction company) provides construction trailers for living. Large enterprises allocate a dormitory for several people or a separate building. If the enterprise is located near a settlement, then the institution can provide rented housing or pay rent.

Salary

The rotational work method differs from the usual one in some changes in wages. There are guaranteed surcharges for the watch, housing is provided or paid separately, travel in both directions is paid at the rate of the daily rate. There are also district (regional) allowances and payments for work in the Far North, additional paid vacations. The taxation of shift pay is calculated in the same way as other income.

There are several salary systems:

time-based;
tariff;
piecework;
piece-rate bonus;
time-premium;
salary system.

Remuneration for shift workers is made:

For pieceworkers - for the amount of work performed according to the current norms and rates.
For time workers - for all actually worked hours in hours based on the established tariff rates of the assigned categories.
Foremen, foremen, heads of shops (shifts) and other line (shop) personnel who directly supervise the facility (site) - for all the time actually worked according to the schedule (in hours) based on the established monthly official salaries. The hourly rate of employees in these cases is determined by dividing the monthly official salary by the number of working hours according to the calendar of the calculated month.
To other managers, specialists and employees working on a shift - for the time actually worked (in days) based on the established monthly official salaries.
Any action, circumstance that entailed changes in wages is regulated by the legislator.

Summarized accounting of working time

It is used when, for various objective reasons, a working day or work week not standardized. In this case, working hours are recorded in a schedule with a note of the number of hours worked by a specific person. Wage is charged for a certain period of time - for a week, for a month, for a half-year. Either the wage rate per hour or the monthly salary of a certain position is taken as the basis for calculations. Working time is recorded by months and in general for the accounting period.

Surcharges and surcharges

The size, procedure for paying the allowance is established by law and is based on the Labor Code (Article 302 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), but there are also some nuances. So, the premiums are set, depending on funding (state, budget, private, and so on):

By the Government of the Russian Federation for employees of organizations funded by the federal budget.
Local government and self-government bodies for budgetary entities RF.
Collective agreements, local acts and orders of organizations and trade unions for employees of organizations not financed from the budget.
The amount of the allowance is established by law (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 51 of 03.02.2005) for budgetary organizations:
in the Far North and equivalent regions - 75% of the tariff rate (salary);
in Siberia and the Far East (and another similar natural and climatic region) - 30% of the tariff rate (salary).

Compensation for irregular working hours

The law does not indicate that the employer must pay compensation for irregular working hours. Some organizations set such payments by issuing a local order and treat them as overtime. More often than not, hours or days are added to the annual paid leave for overtime hours worked. This point, how irregular working days are compensated, what compensation is implied, should be discussed with each employer individually in advance.

Bonuses for work in difficult working conditions

Workers who work in the Far North or in regions equated to it are entitled to a separate bonus. This allowance has nothing to do with the rotational work method, that is, it is considered separately, regardless of what kind of work mode an employee of a particular organization has and is a compensation payment. The accrual of this allowance is regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Granting additional vacation days

Employees working on a rotational basis have the right to receive not only annual paid leave in the amount of 28 days, which the labor legislation provides, but can also count on additional paid leave if the employee works in the Far North (24 calendar days) or in the region, equated to it (16 calendar days).

Payment for inter-shift rest

Due to the fact that every day of the shift can be considered irregular, then the objective inter-shift leave is considered differently, for each calendar day, and is compensated for by the processed days and hours. Calculation algorithm:

Calculation of the normal number of working hours for the accounting period.
Calculation of the number of working hours according to the schedule.
Determination of the number of hours and the standard for processing or underworking in relation to the norms established by law.
Establishing the number of hours and whole days that relate to days of inter-shift rest.
The resulting processing in whole days is paid at the tariff rate or salary, and the hours are summed up among themselves and can be accumulated and transferred to another type of recreation as soon as there are enough hours to receive extra days added to vacation.

Advantages and disadvantages of working on a rotational basis

Each job has its pros and cons. And the attitude towards them is different. We list both those and others for the rotational work method:

Advantages:

You can always find a job in your specialty in another city or region, without planning a move.
An important advantage is good wages and high earnings.
Between the watches is provided long vacation, which you can spend at your own discretion, because the money has been earned decently. Many employees travel all over the world during their holidays.
In the process of work, you can gain new knowledge that will help in moving up the career ladder.
Working in difficult conditions offers a number of benefits in the form of benefits and compensation. For example, you can retire early or receive housing benefits.
Free accommodation and meals. You can not spend the money you earn to support yourself, but save it for some needs and requirements.
You can take a break from gadgets, although civilization has climbed into remote corners of Russia.

Flaws:

The main disadvantage is extremely hard and harmful physical labor in difficult conditions, both climatic and psychological (“variegated” team - it is difficult to live and work in the same territory with the same people for a long time), moving to remote regions.
Each person has his own approach and his own comfort zone, from which he will have to leave.
A long and difficult working day - 10-12 hours, and only one day off.
Not every specialty is suitable for shift work (if not a handyman, but here the salary is lower), and if the specialty is in demand (for example, in the field of geology), then you need to be a highly qualified and qualified specialist in your field.
You live for weeks away from your family and home. Although distance and a test of feelings, not many families can withstand a long separation from the head of the family.
Living conditions are often camping, lack of the benefits of civilization and remote deployment. A person who is accustomed to all the benefits of civilization will find it very difficult to adapt and deny himself everything.
There is a possibility of deception. Not all employers are crystal-clear; it happens that the wages received do not correspond to the declared ones or they are not paid at all. Therefore, the source of information about the vacancy must be verified and reliable and have at least one positive feedback... It is considered mandatory to conclude an employment contract, violation of which is punishable by law.
In conclusion. Bad habits. They will have to be abandoned. For drinking alcoholic beverages and being drunk at many enterprises, penalties have been introduced, up to and including dismissal without severance pay. Yes, and expensive. After all, there is no special assortment in stores.

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Discuss

Rotational work method - what is it: features of working and rest conditions

Rotational work - what is it? How does it differ from other types of activity, what features and nuances does it involve?

The rotational method is one of the options for labor activity, which is performed not at the place of residence of a person. In this case, the employee's daily return home is not possible. Now this kind of work option is encountered when it comes to seasonal employment, work in the extraction of timber and oil. People work in this way in the fishing industry, while searching for deposits of precious metals and stones. The seasonal shift work, most often relevant in summer time of the year.

Watch work - what features need to be understood?

The rotational method assumes that a person returns to his place of residence during breaks from permanent work... The standard version is a 14-day shift, 14 days are given to rest. There are other options, but the labor time should not exceed thirty calendar days. In exceptional cases, upon agreement with the trade union, the amount of working time can be increased to 60 days.

People for whom shift work is the main form of income usually settle in special housing. There is everything you need for life - electricity, heat, water, medical care, a stable connection. Often, during this kind of work, a change of location is performed.

Accommodation of an employee on a watch

Many people find such an occupation both difficult and very profitable. Each person who has to travel of this kind undergoes a thorough medical examination. If there are at least some health problems, then he is immediately excluded from the group. The fact is that the amount of oxygen in places, in total, the work is performed on a rotational basis, is 30% lower than normal. This leads to a disease of the cardiovascular system, so usually a person should not work in this way for more than 7 years. Unfortunately, Russian realities dictate different conditions.

People without a passed medical examination and medical permission.
Children under 18.
Pregnant women or the fair sex, whose children are less than 3 years old.

Working on a watch in the north - what are the conditions and nuances?

The conditions of the north are very harsh for many people, which is why rotational work is not given to everyone. Considering that a person gets a longer rest, he gets much more money than he would have in his region of residence. Not all people who have left for this kind of work can withstand even one year of work.

Watchman in the far north

Working as a watchman is difficult for the following reasons:

Great distance from home. It is very difficult for family people.
Lack of the climate that people are used to. In conditions of a lack of oxygen, as well as in conditions of cold, viral and colds, inflammation are very often manifested. It will take at least a month or two for the body to adapt to this kind of conditions.
Transfer of money to the card. For some people, this factor is both a plus and a minus. On the one hand, it is difficult to live without money for a certain amount of time, especially if, if it means 2 months of work. On the other hand, where in the north can you spend the amount that will be received ?!
Strict control and avoidance of alcohol. Very often, shift work in the north involves refusing to drink alcohol up to the point of dismissal, and for some people it is very difficult to survive.

There is a certain list of benefits that can be obtained if you choose to work on a watch in the north. These include:

A fairly high salary. It is especially attractive to people living outside the capital. If the main indicator for you is earnings, then the watch will be one of the most profitable options.
Very long rest time. Stably, a person working on a rotational basis can rest up to 4 months a year.
A change of scenery. This kind of work is ideal for people who like to travel, because this is a great opportunity to ride, see the world, travel a lot.
In many cases, employers fully provide employees with housing, food, and all the benefits of civilization.
There is no need for a long amount of time to get to work - everything is nearby, so there is no time and money for transport.
Practice shows that people working on a rotational basis communicate more with each other, moving away from modern technologies and gadgets.
There is an opportunity not only to learn something new, but to raise your qualifications. Many, while working on such long journeys, study foreign languages, are practicing in new industries for themselves.

Remuneration: why is working as a watchman profitable?

Note that high salaries are the first reason why rotational work attracts people. Many people can get an order of magnitude more than living in their village or town.

Working as a watch in the office

Often on the watch you can meet ordinary people living in villages where such a lot of money, as in the north, simply cannot be earned. It is possible that in small villages there are difficulties with work, or it is generally unrealistic to find it. There are also options for working on a rotational basis, which are preferred by women.

What are the payment options for work?

Piecework. We are talking about a certain amount of work, the prices for each type of activity differ.
Time-based. Fixing the rate is based on the period of time that the person works out.
Salary. Most often, this includes people who work either in the service or in the engineering field.

Often, many people for whom shift work in the north has become the main one receive additional payments and incentives. These nuances are indicated in the contract. Here, supplements, compensation and other payments that may relate to work will be determined. All the nuances will be spelled out in the employment contract.

Do not forget about special coefficients that depend on the area. They will also be added to your salary. What does it look like? The salary of a person working on a watch will differ depending on the contract and the type of activity performed. Security guards receive at least 40,000 rubles, locksmiths - 50,000, engineers - 120,000 rubles, and so on.

Many people think that this money is not big enough to leave their home. In fact, the additional payment is real due to the payment of Poles. One polar is equal to a tenth of the salary. A person can have a maximum of 8 such allowances. Accordingly, you will get another 80% in addition to the main payment.

Payment for labor is carried out at the choice of the employee. Cash or card

As practice shows, the first time after the return of work without a watch, many people who have not been at home for a long time for a considerable number of years, seem to be something unusual, because it is difficult to rebuild to a completely new way of life.

At the same time, we note that the requirements for people who work on a rotational basis are very strict, not every person will be able to get to any high-paying job.

You can find a huge number of rotational job vacancies on the Internet. For everyone who is oriented towards working on a rotational basis, certain requirements will be put forward, and it is very important to comply with them. Otherwise, all attempts to get into a highly paid position will come to naught.

Many people say that only people who have acquaintances and connections can get there. In fact, even with connections, it is far from always possible to get on watch - the state of health can play a cruel joke.

Rotational work is very well-coordinated and unique, so consider closer specialty which are more in demand.

Working as a driver is a watch for strong people. Most often, it is drivers or machinists that are required to the north. Cars are not listed here - a person must be able to drive heavy equipment. average salary in this case, it will be 70-80 thousand rubles. The employer promises official employment, pays for a ticket in both directions, offers accommodation, meals, overalls. For many, it is important that a person applying for this position, whose work as a watchman is very interested, already had similar work experience, preferably at least 3 years. Payment of charges is carried out 2 times a month.
Mason. It is also a very common specialty at the level with a welder. Offers formal employment, social. Package. The watch is usually 60/30. Responsibilities include performing stone work, as well as repairing bridge structures. People live in special rotational towns.
The foreman. A person organizes work, is engaged in construction, is obliged to complete the assigned work section within the agreed time frame. In this matter, it is very important as the timely delivery of the entire volume of the assigned work, adherence to the deadlines for which construction is carried out, the correct organization of installation and construction works, compliance with the technological stages of production and construction. In total, a long shift is expected for 2 months. Work experience in this case is at least one year.
Plasterers, painters. Here, based on the offer of employers, the shift involves 3 months of work, 1.5 months of rest. The requirements for the employee will be rather big, starting from work experience and specialized education, ending with excellent health. Responsibilities include being able to get the job done using a variety of techniques, excellent skills, performing work in harsh conditions.

The increase in the working hours of the watchmen is often due to the fact that employers can save on paying for tickets in both directions, moreover, there is no need to additionally look for people to replace workers.

Working on a watch in the north has been and remains one of the most difficult, nevertheless, it does not lose its popularity. Before considering vacancies, a person learns all the facts about the job, rules and responsibilities. It is necessary to be very careful and check several times all the relevant documents, permissions from the employer, so as not to get into an unpleasant situation.

Workers on a rotational basis

If there is a suspicion that you have fallen into a careless company, look at who is being hired on a rotational basis. If strict conditions are not set during the selection of candidates, it is advisable to leave that place as soon as possible, because your wages will clearly not be guaranteed.

Each employer can optionally ask for all documents confirming the honesty and transparency of cooperation. Do not forget that each watchman will sign a contract, which stipulates everything from duties and obligations to the amount that a person will receive as a result of the work performed.

What should you know before you travel?

More often than not, people who worked in the protection, law enforcement agencies, went in for sports, martial arts, were the military get to such a difficult job. It is easy to argue the prerequisites for such a selection - a person must have excellent good health, have a good reputation.
Remember working conditions. Despite the standard medical checks, a person traveling north must understand that work is harmful despite being on the street all the time. You cannot overestimate your capabilities here. Lack of oxygen will greatly affect the heart, blood sugar will increase. People adapt for a long time, often suffer from viral diseases and colds. In addition to everything, one should expect changes in temperature, pressure, high humidity. Quite tense and difficult conditions affect the body. Lack of vitamins, insufficient amount of sunlight - because of this, vitamin D in the body is synthesized much more slowly.

If you have a desire to work on a rotational basis, you are counting on big earnings, limit the work of such a plan to seven years.

Working on a watch can have a negative impact on health

Therefore, it is better not to get carried away with such work, so as not to get serious problems with health. In addition, alcohol problems may arise upon returning home. Many watchmen suffer from this, but not because they shamelessly drink at work. Many companies that are looking for people to work in the north on a rotational basis put forward a complete rejection of alcohol as one of the important conditions. If the dry law is violated, the polar explorer can be fired. As a result, for the amount of time that a person lived without alcohol entering the body, he simply lost the habit of alcohol. Naturally, upon returning home, certain problems may begin.

Practice shows that taking into account the transfer of funds to the card, and not the payment of wages in cash, the polar explorers simply do not have the opportunity to buy alcohol, given that the employer provides them with everything they need. Working on a watch basis has some more features:

Women on watch practically do not work. But in fact, some professions are quite accessible to them: a cook, a maid, a cleaning lady, and so on.
Complex life. People living in the north work in difficult conditions. The free time that the watchmen have, they can spend in the villages specially created for them. There are both residential and cultural and entertainment places, but the latter is not found everywhere. Places for sports, canteens and so on have been created. During the pre-election period, famous artists came to such places for campaigning. However, often on such entertainment program being on watch, you should not count.
Ability to work in excellent conditions. Such shifts do happen, but rarely. One of the last was 4 years ago in Sochi, when preparations for the Olympics were carried out. Then a lot of people were required who performed a huge amount of work - welders, assemblers, builders, foremen and so on.

It is up to each person to decide whether to work as a watch or not. But it is worth remembering that you still cannot earn all the money, life is not eternal, and health is a very shaky concept. If the decision regarding the work is positive, do not forget about the maximum possible terms of work in harsh conditions.

Watch work. Detailed video

Shift work is especially popular in Russia. Whole sectors of the economy function largely based on this format. Rotational work method - what is it? What are the features of its legislative regulation? Do rotational workers have certain preferences in terms of implementing their labor rights?

on watch?

The rotational method of work implies the implementation of labor functions by a person outside of his permanent place residence. As a rule, on a periodic (seasonal) basis. Traditionally, the rotational work method is typical for such spheres as oil and gas production, logging, development of deposits of precious metals, and fishing. The implementation of labor functions in this format is regulated by separate provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Attractive salary

One of the reasons for the popularity of rotational work is the high salary. In some cases, it exceeds the average for the same position in the city of permanent residence of a shift worker several times. Especially if it is work on a rotational basis in the North, in difficult climatic conditions. In many cases, "polar" and other kinds of allowances are added to the salary, the value of which is already quite impressive. As a result, earnings become even more.

Note that shift work is not always associated with a trip to the North. For example, many labor contracts were concluded in this format during the preparation for the Sochi Olympics. In the place where many go in order to spend well, not earn. Of course, exciting trips to others are possible. interesting places Russia.

Working conditions

Is it easy on a rotational basis? There is an opinion that not very much. Still, wages, despite the difficult working conditions, are the factor that causes significant competition for shift jobs. Most of the companies that employ people in this format put forward rather strict criteria for candidates. Health is checked, conversations are held with the person for his real willingness to work in the expected conditions.

It is known, for example, that in the polar zones there is a much lower percentage of oxygen in the air than, say, in the middle zone. A person should understand, choosing a rotational method of work, what it is. And objectively assess your capabilities in terms of compliance with this format of work.

Residence

It is assumed that the rotational work method implies difficult conditions not only in terms of climate, but also living conditions. Everything, however, depends on the criteria by which to assess the comfort of life. As a rule, shift workers have at their disposal, albeit small in area, but quite equipped resources for living. Modern modular structures allow the employer to quickly build housing with an acceptable infrastructure: running water, electricity, heating. In the structure of living quarters for shift workers, as a rule, there are canteens, rooms for leisure, the ability to access the Internet. The law requires the employing company to provide a reduction in the time it takes employees to travel from their place of residence to the site where the work is supposed to be done.

At the same time, the rotational worker is checked by a special commission before putting it into practical operation. It includes representatives of the employing company, officials municipality, on the territory of which the watch will operate, in some cases - employees of the trade union, specialists of various public services... Upon verification, an act of acceptance of the complex into operation is delivered. The shift camp is supposed to accommodate not only hired employees who will perform targeted labor functions, but also personnel. At the same time, as soon as the work season ends (the objects are erected), everyone should leave the housing complex. A variant is possible in which work on a rotational basis with accommodation is organized without the construction of a separate complex. In this case, the employing company places people in hotels or corporate apartments.

Types of watches

There are two main options for organizing shift work. Firstly, it is an intraregional format. It assumes that the duration of work on shift is rather short, on the order of a week, and the facility itself, on which the work is being carried out, is located relatively close (in the same region) where the city of permanent residence of the employees is. Secondly, it is an interregional watch, sometimes called an expeditionary watch. The duration of work here is usually much longer, as well as the distance from the cities of residence.

The difference between a watch and a business trip

There is a misconception that a shift is a kind of business trip. This is wrong. The fact is that a person who is sent by an employer on a business trip carries out an official assignment.

In this case, payment occurs, as a rule, within the framework of the current salary and allowances. In turn, the rotational method of organizing work implies that a person travels to a remote object in order to fulfill not an assignment, but a separate function of a labor nature. In the second case, a separate contract is often concluded, which fixes the salary and other working conditions. For business trips, as a rule, no changes are made to the already signed employment contract.

The laws

Actually, oh legal regulation... As we said above, the main source that normalizes the rotational method is work, - Labor Codex. It contains sections that contain special wording adapted to this type of employment. Let's study them. It is believed that the rotational method of work in Russia has largely become popular not only because high salary, but also by virtue of the provisions of labor legislation loyal to hired employees. Is it really? Rotational work method - what is it from the point of view of specialized sources of law?

The norms in question are mainly set out in the 47th article of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. First of all, it sets out general provisions concerning the regulation of work on a rotational basis. In particular, the definition of such a format of work is given. According to the legislator, the rotational method is a specific type of implementation of the labor process, provided that the place of work does not coincide with the city of residence of employees, and, moreover, their return there on a daily basis cannot be ensured. This method of employment is used by companies, if you follow the wording of the Labor Code, in order to optimize the timing of the necessary work, such as construction, reconstruction or repair in areas characterized by special natural conditions. It is also possible that the rotational work method is a way to reduce the corresponding costs in the implementation of production activities by the enterprise.

Labor regime

The work schedule within the shift, as noted in a number of comments to the Labor Code, may differ significantly from the standards prescribed in the Code. Among lawyers, there is an opinion that the rights of people working within the framework in question are sufficiently protected, and especially in the aspect of the organization of the regime. Is it really? The rotational method of work - what is it: constant hard work or a well-balanced mode of performance by people of their duties?

As a rule, working time is taken into account by summing up hours, and the main rest is assumed after the return of shift workers to their homes. The place of work is an object where people carry out their direct labor functions. At the same time, if periodic moving from place to place is required due to a change in the specific location of the task execution areas, this is not considered a transfer of an employee from one organization to another, and does not require written consent from the employees. For example, working on a rotational basis in the North often involves moving between different fields, or, if this is road construction, moving in the direction of the highway being built.

Schedule

The work schedule is one of the most important local documents that regulate the implementation of labor functions by shift workers within the limits of their location at the facility. Therefore, when approving it, the employer must coordinate the provisions of this source with the opinion of employees (usually represented by people). The main document in which the schedule is documented is the Regulation on the rotational method of work, which has the status of a local regulatory legal act.

What are the main criteria by which, in accordance with the law, the employing company should be guided when drawing up the document in question? The Labor Code of the Russian Federation prescribes that the total duration of working hours for the period of stay of people on watch does not exceed the standard number of hours provided for by the Code. Moreover, the maximum duration of one shift can be 12 hours. The number of days off cannot be less than the number of weeks in a month. It is permissible, however, that the corresponding rest days will be provided unevenly - the main thing is that their number meets the main criterion.

Work schedules on a shift can be drawn up both for the entire team of employees, and on an individual basis. The second option is possible, for example, in cases where a person who finishes his labor functions and is going to leave needs to delegate authority to his future deputy.

Rest

The main legislative document regulating the rotational work method, the Labor Code, contains such a term as "inter-shift rest". Its meaning is defined as follows. These are days of rest (sometimes called rest days), which appeared as a result of hourly processing of the established working hours at the rotational facility. Some lawyers consider inter-shift rest to be a kind of analogue of vacation, but granted not on an annual basis, but due to the objective capabilities of the employer. But at the same time, the frequency of such time off can reach several times a year. Also, inter-shift rest differs from a typical vacation in the way of calculating compensation. Its base is not average earnings... The number of days of inter-shift rest is also calculated in a different way. To do this, the sum of all processing hours is divided by 8 (based on the standard working hours for the TC). At the same time, it is possible that the inter-shift rest will be paid in the amount of the salary. In practice, this is possible if the appropriate time off is provided by the employing company in the form of compensation for the extra hours within the reference period.

Regarding the ratio of vacation and inter-shift rest, some lawyers recommend paying attention to next feature... The fact is that, as a matter of priority, leave should be provided, first of all, for processing hours. And only after a person uses them, he can go on a standard vacation. In this case, the days that make up the inter-shift vacation should be included in the total length of service, on the basis of which the vacation is calculated.

Overtime

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation admits that rotational workers can provide processing not only in terms of their own initiative (and in this case, qualify for inter-shift rest), but also by virtue of an order from the management. In this case, their activities will take the form of overtime work. The reasons that may lead to the corresponding initiative of the watch management may be different. A widespread option is that the need to perform overtime work arose due to the fact that the team did not arrive on time to replace the one that is working at the moment. If a person was involved in overtime work, then the remuneration is calculated in one and a half or double the amount, depending on the specific conditions of the employee's performance of labor functions.

It should be noted that with regard to the organization of working hours and rest for employees of the medical and pharmaceutical profile, who carry out their labor functions, serving shift workers, they act on the basis of the specifics of production and its specific conditions. At the same time, the key provisions of Article 47, which standardize labor for hired employees, also apply to specialists of this profile.

Above, we set out the thesis according to which the rotational work method in Russia has become especially popular due to the loyalty of the national labor legislation. Based on the regulatory norms of the Labor Code, we can assume that in many respects this is true. Despite the fact that, for example, the law allows companies-employers to establish a 12-hour working day, at the same time, it prescribes the granting of days off to shift workers, as well as opportunities to exercise the right to inter-shift rest and regular leave. In addition, overtime overtime is paid at one and a half or even double the amount. Russians who know what a rotational work is, leave positive reviews, often emphasize the fact that the Labor Code is a source of law that makes people who decide on a difficult journey to earn money sufficiently protected.

Rotational method in Russia

The rotational method is used at a significant distance from the place of work from the place of permanent residence of employees or the location of the employer in order to reduce the construction, repair or reconstruction of industrial, social and other facilities in uninhabited, remote areas or areas with special natural conditions, as well as for the implementation of other production activities.

Since the 90s of the XX century, in many regions of the Russian Federation, in connection with the fall in production, the closure of enterprises, mass layoffs, a difficult socio-economic situation has developed. Workers are forced to work on a rotational basis in more economically successful "points", mainly at construction sites. In Central Russia, such a "point" is Moscow and the Moscow region, in the North-West - St. Petersburg, in the rest of the territory - local "capitals", such as Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, etc. As a rule, working on a rotational basis are called guest workers ... In some, the most depressed cities and towns, the number of such workers reaches 90% of the total working-age population.

The rotational work method is also common in hard-to-reach, sparsely populated areas (for example, in the Far North), where it is difficult to build housing. In this case, the employee is paid for accommodation and travel to the place of permanent residence.

Schedule

Most common work schedule- "15 to 15", in which the employee works for 15 days and rests for 15 days. An "asymmetrical" schedule is also often encountered: 2 months of work after one rest, 3 after 1, and even 4-5 after 1. At the same time, as a rule, the "inter-shift" is not compensated by the salary. It should be noted that according to Labor Code a business trip cannot be longer than four weeks, and only in exceptional cases can it last up to three months. The situation when an employee cannot find a job in his hometown is hidden unemployment.

Work time

The duration of a shift on a watch should not exceed 12 hours, and the duration of rest between shifts, taking into account the lunch break, cannot be less than 12 hours.

Time relax

The duration of rest between shifts should not be less than 12 hours, weekly - less than 24 hours. Unused hours of rest must be added up and provided as additional days off from work.

Salary

The procedure for calculating wages is established in the Basic Provisions for Remuneration of Workers with a Rotational Organization of Work and is as follows:

Pieceworkers - for the amount of work performed according to the current norms and rates;
For time workers - for all actually worked hours in hours based on the established tariff rates and assigned categories;
Line managers exercising direct management at the facility / site (foremen, foremen, etc.) - for all actually worked time in hours based on the established monthly salaries;
Other managers, specialists and employees - for the actual hours worked in days based on the established monthly salaries.

Place of residence

During periods of employment on a shift, workers live in specially equipped shift camps. According to the Labor Code, such a settlement must meet certain requirements, the fulfillment of which is fully ensured by the employer. Namely, in the village must be present:

Disadvantages of the method

The rotational method is fraught with numerous economic, legal and social costs, the main of which are:

excessive workload;
difficult living conditions during the shift;
lawlessness and social insecurity;
high injury rate of employees;
breakdown of families;
conservation of the depressive state of small towns and villages.

Notes (edit)

Literature

Anna-Stefania Chepik New in labor law... Application practice, comments, advice. - M .: Alpina Publisher, 2005 .-- 136 p. - (Library legal company"Pepeliaev, Goltsblat and Partners"). - ISBN 5-9614-0213-4

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

See what "Rotational method" is in other dictionaries:

See Shift Method Glossary of Business Terms. Academic.ru. 2001 ... Business glossary

Shift method- a special form of implementation of the labor process outside the place of permanent residence of employees, when their daily return to their place of permanent residence cannot be ensured. The rotational method is applied at a significant distance from the place of work ... ... Official terminology

Shift method- (English watch method) a method of organizing work, used in case of significant removal production facilities(sites) from the enterprise, when it is inexpedient to perform the work by conventional methods. Work is carried out by shift (rotational) ... ... Encyclopedia of Law

A method of providing work with labor resources, which consists in the periodic delivery of successive workers (shift personnel) from places significantly remote from the place of work. In such a situation, workers keep watch at the work facility. ... ... Economic Dictionary

Legal Dictionary

SHIFT METHOD Legal encyclopedia

SHIFT METHOD- the method of organizing work, used at a significant distance from production sites from the equipped infrastructure. The work is performed by shift personnel who periodically return to the place of residence or location of the parent company. ... ... Encyclopedia of Labor Law

shift method- a work organization system, which is used when production facilities (sections) are far removed from the enterprise and it is inexpedient to perform work by conventional methods. The work is carried out by shift (shift) personnel residing in ... ... Big Law Dictionary

One of the methods of organizing work, a way of providing work with labor resources, which consists in the periodic delivery of successive workers (shift personnel) from places significantly remote from the place of work. In such situation… … Encyclopedic Dictionary of Economics and Law

Rotational work method- a special form of work organization based on the use labor resources outside their place of permanent residence, provided that the daily return of workers to their place of permanent residence or such a return cannot be ensured ... ... Big Law Dictionary