What is the purpose of building an oil pipeline polarity purpe. Zapolyarye-Purpe pipeline system

The investment project for the construction of the Zapolyarye - Purpe oil pipeline is being implemented to transport oil from the fields of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District and the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, including the Vankor field, to Russian refineries and for export.
The project is being implemented on the basis of a government order Russian Federation dated April 22, 2010 No. 635-r in two successive stages as the development and construction of new fields proceeds. The route passes through the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous districts of the Tyumen region.

First stage(the main oil pipeline "Purpe-Samotlor" with a capacity of 25 million tons of oil per year and a length of 429 km) was put into operation in 2011.
Second phase(the main oil pipeline "Zapolyarye-Purpe" with a capacity of 45 million tons per year and a length of 488 km) is being implemented in several stages from south to north:
Phase I - section from Tarko-Sale to the village of Purpe;

Phase II - section from the village. Novozapolyarny to Tarko-Sale with completion in the 4th quarter of 2015;

Stage III - section from the Zapolyarye oil pumping station to the village. Novozapolyarny with completion in the 4th quarter of 2016.

The oil pipeline is being laid in a complex landscape of the northern regions of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug: the route of the route for the most part passes through swampy terrain (swamp crossings are more than 250 km), areas of continuous and discontinuous permafrost soils are noted, the highway will cross 21 highways, 90 water obstacles, including including such large rivers as the Pur and Taz.

That is why the facilities of the Purpe-Samotlor oil pipeline have concentrated all the advanced scientific achievements in the field of oil pipeline transportation. During the construction, the latest technological and technical solutions, modern equipment, high-quality components and equipment were used. The new highway is designed to provide a reliable, efficient, economically and environmentally justified transport of hydrocarbons with minimal impact on the local natural environment in northern latitudes and permafrost conditions: flyover construction is being implemented, and deer trails are allowed to pass.

At present, the first section of the pipe between the town of Tarko-Sale and the village of Purpe has been completed, Yuri Bogatenkov, Director General of Sibnefteprovod OJSC, said at a press conference. The first pipes of the new oil pipeline were welded in March 2012. By January 2013, the builders "connected" 46 kilometers into a single whip, of which 36.6 kilometers for underground and 9.3 kilometers for above ground. To date, 28 kilometers of pipes have been laid in a trench, 3.6 kilometers on special supports. The underwater crossing of the main oil pipeline across the Purpe River was built using the traditional trenching method, the company is starting the second stage of construction.

It should be noted that for transportation of viscous northern oil, it is necessary to heat up to 60 degrees. For this purpose, oil heating stations will be built along the entire length of the route. Within the first stage, there are two of them; in total, it is planned to build seven such points.

On the way of the pipeline, the Purovskaya taiga will gradually be replaced by the Tazovskaya tundra.

Excavation work on the track.

To the north of the village of Purpe, there are already islands of frozen soil, so that the warm pipe does not melt it, the technology of trestle laying is being implemented - the pipeline is raised above the ground on special supports. On a 46-kilometer section between the settlement of Purpe and the town of Tarko-Sale, 3.6 km were built using this technology. routes, there are two more similar oil pipelines in the world, in Alaska and Vankor.

Dragging the siphon at the underwater crossing of the Purpe River

The oil pumping station "Purpe" near the village of the same name is under the jurisdiction of the November Office of Main Oil Pipelines. The station was put into operation in 2011 as part of the completed Purpe-Samotlor project, as part of a new project, an oil heating station was built here, and the tank farm was expanded.

P.S. On February 6, Sibnefteprovod OJSC started construction of oil pumping station No. 2 on the Zapolyarye - Purpe oil pipeline. The station is being built in the Korotchaevo area by the contractor LLC Velesstroy. Preparatory work on clearing the site for future facilities began at the end of last year. Now the assembly of the shift housing is in full swing. This time, the builders abandoned the use of traditional rotational trailers in favor of residential mobile buildings. An administrative and amenity complex, a canteen, two dormitories for workers have already been assembled. In a few days, the laundry and the women's hostel will be ready.
Now on production facility undergo static tests of piles for tanks. In total, it is planned to build twelve reservoirs. Two of them - with a capacity of five thousand cubic meters - for dumping a shock wave. According to the approved schedule, the new oil pumping station is scheduled for commissioning in October 2015.

The site of the future PS-3 is located three kilometers from the existing LPDS Pur-Pe. The area of ​​the allotted site is 32 hectares. The station will include 45 main objects. Oil storage tanks will be built, pumping station, a dirt filter, a pressure control unit, a frequency-controlled converter, a boiler room, a diesel power plant, an operator room with a KTP and closed switchgear, closed equipment parking, a service building, a fire extinguishing pumping station, fire water storage tanks, a pumping station for domestic and drinking water supply, artillery wells, lightning rods and searchlight masts, automation and fire extinguishing systems, security fencing with an integrated perimeter security system, etc. That is, the station will be completely autonomous from the existing site of the LPDS "Pur-Pe".

Currently, the facility continues to install the racks of the cable rack designed for laying power cables, automation and telemechanics cables, water supply, heating and fire extinguishing pipelines. Builders are counting in summer period erect the main buildings and close their heating circuit in order to ensure the scope of work on winter period for interior decoration and installation of internal engineering communications.

Work is in full swing on the construction of oil storage tanks. It is planned to build four tanks with a volume of 20 thousand m3 each at the station, as well as two VST-5000 m3 for emergency oil discharge. Currently, work has been completed on the construction of 4 out of 6 foundations for tanks. The commencement of the installation of metal structures is scheduled for May; currently, the procedure for admitting the contractor to welding and installation works is underway.

Before the start of frosts, which sometimes begin in Yamal at the end of summer, builders need not only to build reservoirs, but also to carry them out. hydraulic tests... Currently in construction works ah, about 200 people and about 70 pieces of equipment are involved, but very soon their number will increase significantly. People arrive, change depending on the work performed, and a colossal amount of work is planned for the coming warm period. The commissioning of the Pur-Pe-3 PS is scheduled for the 4th quarter of 2015.

The Zapolyarye-Purpe oil pipeline will connect the Yamal fields with the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean oil pipeline. The Zapolyarye-Purpe will be 490 kilometers long, with a capacity of 45 million tons per year. In January 2014, the president of Transneft, Nikolai Tokarev, announced that the company expects to commission the Zapolyarye-Purpe oil pipeline ahead of schedule - in the first quarter of 2016.

The Bovanenkovo ​​- Ukhta-2 gas pipeline and two Transneft oil pipelines, Zapolyarye - Purpe and Kuyumba - Taishet, were solemnly commissioned in Yamal and Krasnoyarsk Territory. The command to launch via video link was given by Russian President Vladimir Putin. The pipelines will allow you to supply gas to Unified system gas supply (UGSS) of the Russian Federation, as well as the receipt of oil from the recently exploited fields of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District (YNAO) and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Before the ceremony, the president said that the three pipelines will significantly expand the capabilities of the entire oil and gas industry. In addition, they will contribute to the further development of Russian regions. Of course, first of all, the new transport routes will help to ensure and increase the supply of hydrocarbons for export.

“It is obvious to everyone that the need for energy resources, of course, both in our country in connection with the growth of the economy, and in the world, will only grow. The demand for hydrocarbon raw materials will also grow. In order to be ready for the expansion of the market, it is necessary to make investment decisions in a timely manner, which we did on these projects, ”Putin stressed. - And when planning further work it is necessary to react in the most attentive way not only to what is happening on the world energy markets, but also to look at the dynamics of the development of our own Russian economy. So that we never have restrictions on economic growth due to some kind of shortage of energy resources and the corresponding infrastructure ”.

The head of state also praised the pipeline builders, noting that all three projects were implemented “at the highest professional level”. Putin said that during the construction, despite the difficult climatic conditions, all environmental requirements were met. In addition, modern domestic technology was used.

Bovanenkovo ​​- Ukhta-2

The Bovanenkovo-Ukhta-2 pipeline, like the existing Bovanenkovo-Ukhta pipeline, will deliver gas from the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field, the largest in Yamal, in the UGSS. Its length is 1.2 thousand kilometers. Among other things, the new pipeline will help fill both strings of the Nord Stream 2 under construction with fuel.

This requires complementing the so-called Northern Gas Corridor with a gas pipeline. The construction of this branch was already started by Gazprom in 2015.

Explored and preliminary estimated gas reserves at the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field amount to 4.9 trillion cubic meters. Commercial development of this fishery began in 2012.

Polar region - Purpe

The oil pipelines, which were solemnly launched today, are in principle already functioning. For example, Transneft began filling the Zapolyarye - Purpe with raw materials back in April last year, but this process is lengthy and lasted for six months. In early December, Transneft started pumping oil through this pipeline without setting a tariff. Later, the tariff was approved at 399 rubles per ton.

Zapolyarye - Purpe - according to experts, the northernmost main oil pipeline with a capacity of 45 million tons per year and a length of 488 km. Its resource base is the Urengoy group of Gazprom fields; Suzunskoye, Tagulskoye, Russkoye, Russko-Rechenskoye fields of Rosneft; The Messoyakhskoye and Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye fields developed by Rosneft and Gazprom Neft; as well as LUKOIL's Pyakyakhinskoye field. The Zapolyarye - Purpe pipeline connected these fields with the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean (ESPO) oil pipeline system.

The main pumping volumes (up to 78%) were contracted by Transneft. According to preliminary agreements, the operator intends to annually supply up to 10 million tons of oil from Rosneft, as well as up to 7.4 million tons of oil from Messoyakhaneftegaz, up to 3.1 million tons of LUKOIL, up to 3.1 million tons of Gazprom and 1.3 million tons of SeverEnergia.

The highway runs through the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrugs. For the most part, the route of the route passes through swampy terrain, areas of continuous and discontinuous permafrost are marked. The cost of the entire project, according to the head of "Transneft" Nikolai Tokarev, is more than 200 billion rubles.

“Created 1.5 thousand jobs. About 3 billion rubles of taxes will be deducted to the budgets of all levels, ”Tokarev said at the pipeline launch ceremony.

Kuyumba - Taishet

The Kuyumba-Taishet oil pipeline connected the Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye and Kuyumbinskoye fields in the Krasnoyarsk Territory with an oil pumping station in Taishet and then with the ESPO pipeline. In November 2016, Rosneft began pumping feedstock from the Yurubcheno-Tokhomskoye field into the pipeline system. In 2018, Kuyumba will also join.

The implementation of the Kuyumba - Taishet project includes two stages. The first envisages the construction of a linear part, two oil pumping stations (OPS) with a total volume of tank capacities of 160 thousand cubic meters, the creation of a central repair service and a production support base in the Boguchansky District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, as well as the expansion of the head OPS-1 "Taishet". The throughput capacity of the oil pipeline at this stage will amount to 8.6 million tons of oil per year.

The second stage provides for the construction of two more oil pumping stations (PS-3 and PS-4) on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Irkutsk Region. The volume of transportation of raw materials will gradually increase and should reach 9.9 million tons by 2023, and from 2024 - 11 million tons per year. IN further perspective the throughput capacity of the Kuyumba-Taishet oil pipeline will reach 15 million tons of oil per year.

The total length of this pipeline is about 700 kilometers. Its construction cost 124.2 billion rubles. : ///

Arctic vector

The investment project for the construction of the Zapolyarye - Purpe pipeline system in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is actually entering the home stretch. In the fall of 2016, oil will be transported through the pipeline. A distinctive feature of this main oil pipeline from the existing ones is the construction method: a significant part of the pipe is laid above the ground on special supports. The deputy told us about the uniqueness and pace of the project. general director, Director of the Construction Directorate investment project TS Zapolyarye - Purpe, JSC Transneft-Siberia Mikhail Sayapin.

- Mikhail Vasilyevich, on what main tasks are the efforts of the Directorate for the construction of an investment project and builders focused on this moment?

- I would like to note that the linear part of the Zapolyarye - Purpe oil pipeline has been fully built and tested for strength. The end point of the pipeline, the Pur-Pe-3 oil pumping station, is also ready for operation. Construction projects are nearing completion
and commissioning works at
oil pumping stations No. 1 and 2, oil heating points.

In April this year, we started filling the pipeline with oil. This process continues now. We have already filled the first and second stages of the linear section from the Pur-Pe-3 PS to the intermediate PS No. 2 with oil. The PS-2 technology is also partially filled, now preparatory work is underway for the second stage to fill the station's tank farm with oil. After that, we will proceed to filling the linear part of the third stage of the pipeline. The next stage is filling the main oil pumping station No. 1.

Filling is a critical moment, providing for 100% availability of the entire pipeline infrastructure. We prepared for this stage thoroughly: we carried out all the comprehensive checks, tests, diagnostics. In addition to the fact that we carried out control over the entire linear part welding works: radiographic, ultrasonic, we also separately checked the areas of the highest category - these are underwater crossings, intersections with auto- and railways, where an additional double-control of all joints was carried out. The instrumentation pass gave us full information on the technological condition of the pipe and confirmed the quality of work. We also checked the operation of the linear equipment. With help automated systems control and telemechanics, we already have the ability to automatically control valves and control all parameters of the pipeline.

- What makes the Zapolyarye - Purpe oil pipeline unique?

- A similar pipeline operates in Alaska. We learned many things from there. We saw the operation of the pipeline on frozen ground. They clearly understood the need for their thermal stabilization. In Tyumen this technology is offered by the Fundamentstroyarkos company. They have extensive experience in the production of heat stabilizers. Without thermal stabilization, the bearing capacity of Arctic soils is reduced to almost zero. At positive temperatures, they turn not even into a swamp, but into a mess. Moreover, our pipeline will be "hot". Yamal oil has a high viscosity, solidifies even at temperatures below +14 degrees Celsius, and in order to pump it, it must be heated to +60. For this, heating points have been built on the pipeline. There are eight of them on our track. And in order to prevent the permafrost from melting, we raise the pipe on supports above the ground and pack it in thermal insulation.

When we started work in 2011-2012, we had an experimental section, where we tested all the technologies required for the construction of the pipeline. Much had to start from scratch. For example, there were no supports that would have been designed for operation in arctic conditions with the use of thermal stabilization. They were developed in scientific institute the company "Transneft", carried out tests in real conditions. Was not and ready-made solutions on the use of supports for the pipeline. When oil flows through the pipe, the pipeline moves slightly. Therefore, at the construction stage, we had to take this feature into account in order to ensure the safe operation of the highway during operation. We used three types of supports: fixed, which stabilizes and holds the pipeline, longitudinally movable and freely movable supports in order to operate the pipe in conditions of temperature fluctuations. Expansion joints are also installed every 500 meters of the external oil pipeline.

With the use of the technology of thermal stabilization of soils, oil pumping stations were also built - the head and PS-2, along-route power lines, communication masts, cameras for receiving and starting up cleaning and diagnostic facilities, and oil heating points.

At the experimental site, we also worked out the welding technology. Welders know how to cook below, on the ground, using automatic welding. And here the pipe must be built above the ground. We worked out various options: returning to manual welding - but this is a loss in time and quality, we welded the pipe in sections and laid it on supports, developed special platforms for welders to work at a height. As a result, they came to the conclusion that they learned how to work at height with automatic welding complexes. And now, probably, except for us, no one knows how.

- Mikhail Vasilyevich, what are the main difficulties - climatic, geological, infrastructural, others - faced by the Directorate employees, builders?

- What is the main difficulty in building on Yamal? All soils are icy. In any soil in best case 10% ice content. It happens up to 40%. In winter it is unnoticeable. They put the soil, ram it, build something on it. Spring has come, there is nowhere to go: all the ground has melted. There is one more bad property of such soil - minimal filtration. That is, water does not pass through it. It's like sour cream. And nothing on such soil is impossible to build - neither roads, nor normal sites. The solution was in water-wash sand. And this is again a problem, but already another one. With the winds that blow in Yamal, this is a constant weathering of sand. You fly in a helicopter and see: the tundra is covered with sand. And this causes complaints from local residents. The sand settles on the lichen. Reindeer rub their teeth with such reindeer. Therefore, everything is not so simple. We need to fix the sand with something. How? They began to use biomats, a kind of roll lawn.

- How did the contractors, those teams that were involved in the construction of the pipeline, show themselves? Was it a lot of hassle, or were you in a state of comfort?

- If you have complete comfort with your contractors, it means that you are building something wrong. In fact, you are always in a friendly fight with contractors: who will win? It is for them to make money, but for you it is important to save money and maintain quality. Quality is our top priority. And our construction control is carried out very strictly and continuously. At JSC "AK" Transneft " high level checking the quality of both construction and installation works and the supplied materials, which we have repeatedly identified the factory defects of the pipe. I had to return products back to the factory. We can be proud of the quality control of the work performed. It is not for nothing that OAO AK Transneft declared 2016 the Year of Quality in Construction.

- Were local producers involved in the project? Can we talk about their role in the import substitution process?

- Undoubtedly. This is "Fundamentstroyarkos", the plant for thermal insulation of pipes "Sibpromkomplekt". For the Chelyabinsk "Konar" our order for the production of metal structures was just a gift of fate - the plant received additional resources for the development and diversification of production. Today, on its basis, a plant for the manufacture of main gate valves has been launched, and this is a completely different level.

- Is it possible to compare this project in terms of design complexity, construction conditions and future operation with such a project as the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean (ESPO) pipeline system?

- At ESPO, I supervised the construction of the section from 1941 km (Tuolba river) to Skovorodino. There were no roads at all, but I still understood that I was on the mainland. But on Yamal it is different - in all directions a white milky emptiness, you get lost in reality. Undoubtedly, the Zapolyarye - Purpe trunkline is more complicated both in terms of construction and in terms of operation. This is unambiguous. The very composition of the transported oil poses serious tasks for oil pipelines and imposes a very great responsibility on them.

- Mikhail Vasilievich, with what expectations did you start this project? Did you learn a lot from participating in its implementation?

- At the end of 2011, we just completed the construction of the Purpe - Samotlor oil trunk pipeline. We have not yet had time to wash the dirt off our boots, and have already begun the construction of the Zapolyarye-Purpe highway. It was difficult. I had to learn a lot. There were doubts, experiences. But we knew from the very beginning that we would build the highway within the timeframe set by the Government of the Russian Federation. I had to develop and test new construction technologies, including pile driving. At first, they drove 4-5 piles a day and rejoiced. And then they counted and saw: if we work at such a pace, our grandchildren will finish building the highway. But we quickly learned, and after a few months we reached a daily step of 150 piles. We learned how to cook a pipe with automatic complexes at a height. We learned how to build oil reservoirs on a pile foundation almost two meters above ground level. We have learned a lot during the implementation of this project; our contractors have probably gained even more experience.

- How can you assess the amount of work implemented now?

- When a thing is made with high quality, it always looks beautiful. As a builder, looking at an object, I can immediately determine how it was built: good or bad. Our highway has not yet been commissioned, but it is already clear that it was built with the proper quality. Soon, in the fourth quarter of 2016, when the pipeline is put into operation, we will see the results of our five years of work in real conditions.

Radoslav Vasiliev

The construction of the northernmost in Russia oil pipeline Zapolyarye-Purpe continues. The highway will give impetus to the development of new promising fields in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and in the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

The Zapolyarye-Purpe oil pipeline is an integral part of the Zapolyarye-Purpe-Samotlor transport system. The main line from the oil pumping station (OPS) "Purpe" to the OPS "Samotlor" was commissioned in 2011. Through it, hydrocarbons from the Vankor field began to flow into the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean pipeline system (ESPO TS), pouring into the export flow directed to the East. The Zapolyarye-Purpe highway with a length of 485 km is the next stage in the construction of the system.

This is the northernmost oil pipeline of the Transneft company. The air temperature in those parts ranges from -56 ºС in winter to +34 ºС in summer, and the wind speed often exceeds 40 m / s. At the same time, northern oil is distinguished by high viscosity, and in order to avoid its solidification during transportation, it is necessary to maintain a certain temperature. For this, it is envisaged to build oil heating points at the oil pumping station and on the route of the main oil pipeline.

The most convenient season for laying the highway is winter, when the reservoirs of the north are bound by a thick layer of ice

Over permafrost

The main difficulty of the project is determined by the fact that the pipe runs through permafrost. Therefore, for the first time in the practice of Transneft, most of the oil pipeline was laid not using the traditional underground method, but above the ground - on special supports. Thus, the effect of heat from the pipe on permafrost is excluded. However, the underground method of laying in these specific conditions is also not quite traditional. To preserve the temperature properties of oil and at the same time prevent soil thawing, pipes with an additional heat-insulating layer applied at the factory were used.

At the stage of pre-project preparation, Transneft specialists carefully studied both domestic and overseas experience similar construction, in particular the experience of the construction and subsequent operation of the Trans-Alaska oil pipeline in the United States, also laid by an overground method. Over the years of operation, this highway has faced a sufficient number of problems, including such serious incidents as the destruction of supports. Therefore, Transneft decided to stake on the reliability of the main technical solutions of the Zapolyarye-Purpe project.

In the course of its development, the company conducted a number of laboratory and field tests of various types of support structures and the technology of their construction. As a result, this made it possible to take optimal technical solutions using several types of supports: fixed, fixing the angles of rotation of the pipeline, free-moving and longitudinally-movable, ensuring the operation of compensators.

To prevent the processes of soil thawing during the operation of both the linear part of the oil pipeline and the structures of oil pumping stations, thermal stabilizers are installed - special devices filled with a refrigerant. They freeze the soil, maintaining a negative temperature in it. In total, Transneft tested many technological innovations on the Zapolyarye-Purpe project and received 16 Russian patents.

Linear part of the Zapolyarye-Purpe oil trunk pipeline. Photo: Oleg Smerdev

The northernmost section of the system is being built from south to north: from the Purpe PS to kilometer zero, where the Zapolyarye head oil pumping station (GNPS) No. 1 will operate beyond the Arctic Circle. All stages of construction, all types of work are carefully planned taking into account the peculiarities of the northern weather and nature.

The fact is that the most convenient season for laying a highway is winter, when numerous swamps and reservoirs of the North are bound by a thick layer of ice. At this time, it is easier to deliver on the highway the necessary equipment- welding complexes, pipe layers, excavators. That is why the main types of work - welding of an oil pipeline, driving piles, installing supports, laying pipes - also occur in the winter.

In spring, the pace of work slows down, because at the end of May - beginning of June, the area along which the Zapolyarye-Purpe highway passes, almost all of it becomes a water surface. But this does not mean at all that the construction is standing still during the warm season - where possible, work continues. Also, in the summer, hydrotesting of already finished sections of the oil pipeline is carried out, machinery, equipment and materials are being delivered along the existing waterways.

To zero kilometer

The construction of the sections of the first and second stages was completed in 2013 and 2014. Last winter, which ends in May in these latitudes, the main efforts were concentrated on the construction of the linear part (that is, the pipe itself) of the third stage of construction. This is 151 km of the main line from oil pumping station No. 1 "Zapolyarye" to oil pumping station No. 2. Welding columns, drilling rigs, pipe-layers and a significant part of the builders were pulled there. The entire pipe in this section, with the exception of the floodplain of the Taz River, runs above the ground.

From December last year to April this year, the builders laid over 125 km of the pipeline on the supports. Thus, the welding of the linear part of the entire pipeline system has been completed in full, as stipulated by the project. And in July, after the spring flood has passed, hydraulic testing of the oil pipeline and its in-line diagnostics will begin. With the help of special devices - profilers and combined flaw detectors, developed and manufactured by Transneft-Diascan specialists, oil pipelines will receive complete information about the condition of the pipe.

Laying a siphon string on the Pur River. Photo: Ilya Vorobyov

Installation of all eight tanks for oil storage - with a volume of 20 thousand cubic meters - has been completed at GNPS No. 1 "Zapolyarye". m each. They will undergo hydraulic tests in the summer. All tanks are on piles. On piles and all other objects of the station.

At the height of construction, up to 1,500 people lived and worked at the station. This is a lot for the Arctic. If this construction site were classified as settlements, it would have taken the fourth place in the Tazovsky region of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in terms of the number of inhabitants. Nobody complained about the lack of work.

The construction of oil pumping station No. 1 "Zapolyarye" is going on in conditions of absolutely autonomous existence. Distance from the construction site to the nearest settlement- the village of Tazovsky - is 130 km, to the railway station in Korotchaevo, where the unloading of materials and equipment arriving for construction is carried out - 350 km. At the same time, the delivery of materials to the site is possible only in winter, when the autowinter opens and the ice crossing over the Taz River begins to work - from December to April. So, while it was cold, hundreds of trucks were moving along the highway every day.

Do not step on the lichen

Meanwhile, work is also underway on the southern sections of the highway. At the second stage, the construction of a 10 kV overhead power transmission line, installation of a trunk fiber-optic communication line will soon be completed. This summer, it is planned to supply voltage to the objects of the linear part and to carry out commissioning of communication facilities, valve assemblies and access points for cleaning and diagnostics means.

In the construction of the southern sections, the northern specifics also made themselves felt. The first stage is 134 km of the oil pipeline, of which about half goes underground, and the other half - above it. First we went through the forest-tundra, then the tundra began, and the main work had to be done in the most severe frosts. The fact is that in the summer it is not even allowed to travel there. After all, the main natural wealth of the North is reindeer lichen: if it is trampled, it will recover only after 60 years. So the peak of work on the first stage occurred in January - March 2013, when 2 km of pipes in thermal insulation were welded here per day, up to 120 piles were driven, and up to 55 supports were installed.

All the main buildings and structures at PS No. 2 Yamal have already been completed. More than 80% of engineering networks have been laid and technological pipelines, main pumping units and power equipment were installed. Goes now interior decoration premises. By the end of the year, it is planned to complete the main complex of construction and installation works, to commission external gas supply networks and boiler plants.

In the long-distance power lines. Photo: Oleg Smerdev

Trumpet under the Basin

One of the most difficult stages of construction was the underwater crossing over the large navigable river Taz. A little more than 1 km of pipe was laid under its channel, but the total length of the crossing, measured by the distance between the coastal valves, was 27 km. The fact is that in the Taz floodplain there are many oxbow lakes, lakes and small rivulets, which in spring overflow with the river itself for many kilometers. Throughout this section, the pipe runs underground, and for reliability, two lines of the oil pipeline have been laid - the main one and the reserve one.

The passage directly through the channel of the Taz was carried out modern method directional drilling: a kind of tunnel was drilled under the bottom of the river, and then a pipe was dragged through it. This is a laborious but most reliable method, especially from an environmental point of view. The famous northern muksun spawns in the Taza floodplain, and it is an ecological crime to endanger its existence.

Transneft had never had to build underwater crossings in such climatic conditions and on such difficult soils, so preparations began long before construction work. But then everything went smoothly. So that the work did not stop even in severe frosts, the installations were placed in easily erected hangars, inside which a positive temperature was maintained. In total, it was necessary to drill three wells: for the main line, the reserve one, and also for the communication cable. The diameter of the main well is 1600 mm, so we had to drill across the river eight times, 200 mm each.

During the implementation of the project, special attention was paid to environmental safety. After all, the highway route passed through the places where, historically, for centuries, indigenous small peoples were, and still remain, full-fledged owners of the endless northern lands. Their main economic activity- This is animal husbandry, including deer breeding, fishing, hunting for fur animals, picking berries and medicinal herbs. To preserve their way of life, it was necessary to preserve the existing flora and fauna in their original form.

Therefore, even before the start of construction, Transneft established close cooperation with representatives of indigenous peoples and regional bodies. executive power... The company and its subsidiaries carefully studied the peculiarities of the local soil, flora, fauna, migration routes of deer, routes and timing of fish movement for spawning. At the request of the indigenous population, reindeer crossings are provided on the sections of the migration routes of wild and domesticated reindeer crossing the Zapolyarye-Purpe oil pipeline.

So the moral principle "do no harm", known from the medical oath of Hippocrates, has become one of the main ones for oil pipelines.

The goal of the Zapolyarye-Purpe project is to ensure acceptance of oil from new fields in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District and the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Urengoy group of Gazprom fields, the Suzunskoye, Tagulskoye, Russkoye, Russko-Rechenskoye fields of Rosneft ", The Messoyakhskoye and Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye fields (Rosneft, Gazprom Neft), the Pyakyakhinskoye field (Lukoil)

At the end of May, the group of authors of the Transneft company received the award of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology for 2014 for "the development of a new generation of building technologies and structures, their industrial production and implementation at the facilities of the main pipeline transport in the difficult geoclimatic conditions of Russia. "This is a methodology and technology for optimizing construction by combining aboveground and underground pipe laying methods. The work has successfully solved complex scientific tasks... On the basis of the created mathematical models and methods, the results of the carried out multivariate calculations, complex innovative design and technical solutions have been developed for the full cycle of creation, testing and implementation of new building technologies and structures. The development results have been successfully implemented in real production at the facilities of the Zapolyarye-Purpe-Samotlor pipeline system