Targeted reading support and development program. ICBC activities in support of reading. Priority areas, goals and objectives of the program

NATIONAL READING SUPPORT AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Good afternoon, dear colleagues. I used to be the head of the Libraries Department of the Ministry of Culture for many years, but I had to leave a year and a half ago when the administrative reform showed its first fruits. Since then, I have been developing the institutions of civil society and, to be fair, I must say, I do it with the help of the state. The National Program for the Support and Development of Reading, the development of which I had the honor to lead by order of the Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications, is an example of very interesting and fruitful cooperation: between the state, represented by the said Federal Agency, and big business, represented by the Russian Book Union. This program is the fruit of a compromise between the leading players, leading politicians in this area. The program was solemnly signed last Friday here, at the St. Petersburg Book Salon, by the head of the Book Union Stepashin and the head of the Federal Agency Seslavinsky.

This is my, I think, the tenth report on the national reading support program, I have a contract with the Federal Agency for the popularization of this program and the promotion of the idea itself within the framework of the formation of national policy. It is clear that the program is not the whole of the policy, it is only one of the elements of the policy. It is believed that the program will become a catalyst for the formation of a national policy in the field of support and development of reading, and this policy will be formed not only by the federal authorities, but also by regional, municipal, large business structures, their associations, as well as civil society institutions. This idea is at the heart of our development, which was adopted. It is very difficult for me to present the whole program in front of you today, because it is a large document, and from my point of view, everything is important there. Several of my previous speeches took two hours, tomorrow at the Non Fiction fair there will be another seminar on this topic - the promotion of the program and the need to formulate policy on a national scale, and there will also be two hours. Today I have 15-20 minutes at my disposal, and I will allow myself to speculate not so much around the program, but around the problem of reading itself, awareness of this problem, its scale, depth, and its various aspects. The starting point was the following: the observation of large booksellers and large book publishers that sales are constantly falling and something needs to be done about it. Several years ago, in the depths of the ministry of press, round tables gathered and tried to formulate something and collect it in a certain common document... This activity continued for several years, until it was institutionalized, a state contract was formed, working groups were assembled and they began to work. The first thing we encountered is that the literature contains 500 definitions of what reading is, and each of the experts in this area defines the problem, its size, its volume, depth and severity in different ways. Everyone absolutized their own experience. There are psychologists in the field of children's reading who know what methods should be used to introduce a child to read. There are specialists in the field of studying what people read when they come to public libraries. There are more narrow specialists who study what they read in the field fiction v public libraries ah in the Russian province. There are sociologists of reading, there are organizers of reading - librarians, there are teachers who see the problem from their own point of view, and each carries his own segmental, fragmentary view and absolutizes his vision of the problem. We were faced with the fact that everyone, for several months, taking the floor, said: the most important thing is this. Five minutes later another spoke, who said: no, in principle I agree with the previous speaker, but the most important thing is this. And so we walked in a circle. And it made the developers think deeply anew about what reading is.

Let's see what happens if we start from individual reading concepts. For example, many believe that reading is the source of the formation of spirituality. For example, Churchill spoke of Hitler as an exclusively spiritual person who was torn apart by the spirits of revenge, resentment, and revenge. And this happened because Hitler read a lot of the medieval German epic, and Churchill saw it there the nature of Hitler's “extraordinary spirituality”.

Reading uplifts the soul, it shapes the personality, reading is the source of formation patriotic education population. Then we began to remember, weren't the Russian soldiers who fought for their homeland in 1812? They could hardly be considered readers of patriotic literature.

Reading is a source of information, we began to think further, but immediately questions arose: what information, etc. etc. Reading was associated with a book, with Russian literature, and Russian literature helps to understand the traits of the Russian character ... Immediately others said that the traits of the Russian character very well help to understand Western travelers, the Marquis de Custine, for example, who, without going into subtleties, outlined the Russian character ... Then they talked about the great classical Russian literature, it is the basis for the formation of national identity, because it is beautiful, and they immediately recalled that the great Russian classical literature was all built on criticism of the traits of the Russian national character. As a rule, she condemned and highlighted the most negative that was in the Russian community and in the character of the Russian peasant.

As a result of summarizing everything that each of the experts correctly said, I wanted to go to basic definition"Readings". What, in fact, people should understand uniformly across the country, being at different levels of education, at different levels of authority, responsibility, etc. The following definition was adopted: reading is the mastering of written information. This dry working definition caused a certain culture shock among our humanitarian intelligentsia, it seemed to them very soulless. Does the book you read always have to be “spiritual”? Evgeny Grigorievich, what are you reading now [Appeals to EG Yasin, - ed. ], what is the name of the book? I believe that "Expertise in the Modern World" does not in any way elevate the soul of Yevgeny Grigorievich, it can confuse his mind with its stupidity, and if the correct things are written there, they are probably written in a complex language, and this reading will exhaust the mind, strain on systematic work that has nothing to do with the spiritual and noble. If people who are engaged in weapons read amazing special literature on the manufacture of explosives and think about how to create weapons so that they hit as much as possible in a unit of time more people, then this also has nothing to do with spirituality.

We can also talk about professional reading, about reading for educational purposes, reading for recreational purposes, and we will see a huge range of problems that must be analyzed. The definition of reading as the development of written information covers all genres that are present, all types of publications: books, magazines, periodicals, reading on the Internet, reading for different purposes, reading different categories of people. What other information is there? Information is visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, etc. And all these types of information allow a person to navigate in the surrounding space. We should also think about what the information space of Russia is. And here it was impossible not to remember that Russia is a transitional society, which is moving from traditional forms of culture to innovative, it is moving from a traditional society to an information society. And like any society in transition, its information space is disordered, compared to the previous state of society in Soviet times, when it was known who the communicator is, who is the recipient, what information the communicator forms, what he wants to convey and to whom. Everything was rigidly normalized, and in this sense the space was ordered. People of science received one information, workers and peasants received other information, and so on. Information exchanges existed. But the information space of Russia is also disordered in comparison with Western highly modernized countries: England, USA, Germany, etc. And in this disordered state, when information exchange between megacities and other types of settlements is difficult: medium cities, small towns, villages, - between different professional environments, between different social groups, between rich and poor, between elderly people and young people ... Everyone today lives in their own information space, which is being split before our eyes, and Alexander Arkhangelsky illustrated and predicted this very interestingly.

In this situation of disordered information space, it is extremely important to master written information. Why? Because it is in written information that the most important socially significant information about how history has developed is accumulated. different countries, including Russia, what were the contradictions, what were the solutions, what were the dead ends, what were the exits. It is in written information, in book culture, in written culture that information is accumulated about what the norm is in different societies, at different times, what values are, what they were, what were false, etc. Basic socially significant knowledge is accumulated in written culture and are not transmitted in other ways.

Then the question arose: what, in fact, does the population of Russia want? The population of Russia claims a high quality of life, corresponding to the level achieved in developed countries. This requires a comprehensive modernization of the country so that Russia can successfully compete in world politics, economy and culture with other countries, while not falling out with them, but building some examples of constructive interaction. What's stopping this? This is hindered by the lack of constructive ideas, knowledge, information that circulate in all strata of Russian society, including its political elite, the management layer, the business community, etc. less and less population of the country today reads, that is, masters the necessary written information and knowledge necessary for a successful life, which are generated both outside our country and within our country, but do not reach due to broken information links from one layer to another layer , from one professional group to another, from one region to another region. Also, an important problem in this disordered information space is that there is insufficient information exchange between Russia and other countries, for various reasons, in particular because of poor knowledge of foreign languages. Ya.I. Kuzminov, speaking at the plenary session, said that if this is the case with foreign languages, then in the system of the global division of labor we will simply have nothing to offer, they will simply not understand us - what we offer, but we will not understand what is needed there.

And the diagnosis was made: Russia has approached the critical limit of neglect of reading, we are experiencing a systemic crisis of reading culture and a systemic crisis of book culture in the country. As evidenced by the following things. First, the share of the population who reads is declining, and even the share of the population who reads from time to time is declining. The numbers over the past 10 years have decreased by 20%. When we talk about a single information space of the country, it is supported only by television channels, this is general information, there is nothing else. And television, you yourself know what quality information is broadcast today. If 15 years ago 67% of the population read all-Russian newspapers and magazines, now they read 7%, that is, loci are atomized. Parents stopped reading to children. Whole strata of the population dropped out of reading for various reasons of a socio-economic nature. The exactingness of the tastes of the reading audience decreases, more and more emphasis is placed on entertaining reading, where there is a minimum of intellectual effort. This is especially evident in the example of adolescents and young people. There were world studies that showed that our children aged 7-8 years correspond to the level of intellectual development of civilized countries, but as they study in school, they fall lower and lower. Accordingly, publishers react to this in the following way - they also reduce the release of information-rich literature, literature that is complex both in content and in form. The command of the Russian language is deteriorating, including on such public platforms as television. The depletion of the dictionary leads to the depletion of meanings, to the loss of meanings, world reality becomes more complicated, and the meanings by which it is described are simplified and primitivized.

Functional illiteracy is growing, libraries are poorly staffed, they are unable to offer people what they objectively need, the library in the public mind is gradually being pushed to the periphery of attention and, accordingly, its funding is further reduced. In management circles, which is very scary, there is a growing perception that with the development of the Internet, libraries and books will not be needed. When ordinary people say this, it is not so scary, and when people who distribute public resources say so, it’s scary. This means that they do not understand the nature of the development of world civilization as information society where all types of information - written, oral, Internet and print - are growing; they do not understand the role of libraries, the Internet, reading; they do not understand how the world civilization develops and how Russia can fit into these global processes.

The totality of these signs suggests that Russia has approached the critical limit of neglect of reading. And then, if nothing is done, continue to develop the way we develop, severe social consequences will begin, because unresolved social problems... And this already threatens both social disintegration and social unrest, because people who are culturally competent, who read a lot, who know the Russian language, who have mastered its wealth, who can identify problems, formulate them and offer the right solutions, can negotiate with each other. Reducing reading is world trend, this is a global process associated with the development of funds mass media, the mass entertainment industry is developing, which supplants reading both as a source of important information and as a means of recreation. How did the world react to these problems?

In developed countries, programs to support reading were adopted, they were initiated by the political elite, which was afraid of the extinction of reading as a source of maintaining the social foundations of society, and by the cultural elite, which promoted all this for humanitarian, humanistic reasons. These programs have proven their effectiveness, in particular, due to the fact that they were not addressed in general to the entire population (the average temperature in the hospital is difficult to treat), but to different socio-cultural groups, and were aimed at stimulating reading, taking into account cognitive interests and cultural requests, taking into account the level education and economic opportunities to support them.

Targeted programs should be formed. What are the target groups in Russia? In Russia, there are other target groups, in contrast to France and England, where the emphasis was on people in prisons, on migrants - they came to England, they don’t know of English language, history, traditions, culture, they must be integrated into society. These are relatively small social groups... In Russia, such a group is virtually the entire population. And today, the main task is to: a) instill in young people the need for reading and return to reading huge strata of the population that have dropped out of it over the past 10 years; b) create conditions for the availability of books for the population, because today 90% of the literature that is published in Moscow and St. Petersburg does not end up on the territory of the constituent entities of the Federation, even in a single copy. The head libraries of the province do not have a huge number of sources that carry socially important, vital knowledge. Including knowledge about how transformations are going on in Russia.

Let's take a purely Russian delusion - in Russia, reading is associated mainly with reading fiction. At the same time, they forget about political, economic, sociological, culturological, other literature, which today, first of all, must be mastered, because it forms new painting the world, and not only gives a literary sketch to this life, to these tendencies. Yes, reading is still associated with reading books, forgetting that there are magazines, newspapers, the Internet. And with the help of the Internet today, young people are involved in reading, especially educated young people. It is forgotten that reading is absolutely necessary for the normal development of political life, because it is reading that arms professional politicians knowledge of what socially acceptable decisions they can make so that society does not reject them, so that some kind of development takes place. A ordinary people- we, not politicians, are armed by reading with the means of recognizing manipulative efforts on the part of politicians. If you do not read, then you will not understand this language, these codes, in which they communicate with each other. In the economic field, read-only provides an in-depth understanding of economic development trends and their implications. In the legal field, reading provides the cumulation of legal experience that is generated by society, and gives access to this legal experience when we need it. Not to mention, reading for education is broadcasting compulsory social knowledge and information.

The problem is that, on the one hand, reading is necessary in order to make the right decisions, both at the level of federal, regional and municipal authorities, and at the level of public organizations and institutions. Reading is necessary for the development of the intellectual potential of a person and society, reading is necessary in order to improve the quality of the cultural activity of citizens. The second aspect of the problem is that it is necessary to master modern socially necessary knowledge, but there is no access to this knowledge, since the distribution channels of books and periodicals have been destroyed, only 15% of the country's population use the Internet, whole layers of literature are not available to the majority of the population, libraries are almost never completed. ... If we look at what is happening with libraries, we will see: at least half of the country lives in the zone of information isolation from the modern achievements of world thought and civilization. You need to have access to information in any form, but there is no access.

Our program is aimed at a comprehensive solution to all these problems. We also have the resources to solve them - this is a network of libraries and a network of schools, many good publishing houses, many excellent stores, and there are ideas about the prestige of reading that are not completely lost in society, there are people who are ready to work in this direction. It is important to combine these disparate resources into a single program. And it is very important to implement the program differentially, according to the types of regions - an advanced region, a depressed region, a region with growth zones, a region with growth points; by population groups - rich, poor; by types of education; by type of settlement - megalopolis, medium city, large city, village; by type printed publications- books, newspapers, magazines, the Internet, by type of institution - libraries can do one thing, education can do another, book publishing can do the third, the book trade - the fourth, the authorities - the fifth. All this is important, gradually stimulating various potential participants who can change the situation for the better, unite, arm them with resources and knowledge. Today, both things are bad. But there is hope that it will still change for the better.

ICBS reading promotion activities

Interregional public organization " Interregional Center Library Cooperation "(ICBS) is one of the developers of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading (approved by the Federal Agency for Printing and Mass Communications and the Russian Book Union in 2006) and the Concept of the Program for the Support and Development of Children and Youth Reading in Russian Federation(approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in 2017).

In the period 2006 - 2017 ICBS has implemented more than 80 projects to promote reading in 65 regions of Russia (all-Russian and interregional scientific and practical conferences, seminars and round tables, trainings, research, monitoring, methodological developments etc.).

Among the projects implemented by the ICBS:

Organized and conducted 10 annual all-Russian scientific and practical conferences "National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Problems and Prospects" in Moscow (these conferences were attended by leading experts from all reading support institutes from all regions of Russia, heads of federal and regional authorities);
Organized and conducted interregional scientific and practical seminars to promote reading in the years. Astrakhan, Bryansk, Vladimir, Vologda, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kaliningrad, Kemerovo, Kirov, Krasnodar, Moscow, Moscow region, Murmansk, Penza, Perm, Petrozavodsk, Pskov, Rostov-on-Don, Ryazan, Samara, St. Petersburg, Saransk , Simferopol, Sochi, Sevastopol, Simferopol, Stavropol, Sudak, Syktyvkar, Tomsk, Ulan-Ude, Ulyanovsk, Khanty-Mansiysk, Cheboksary, Chelyabinsk, Elista, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Yakutsk.

Organized and held 3 all-Russian scientific and practical conferences "Libraries, publishing houses, book trade and the media: influence on the reading circle" in Moscow;
Developed and implemented educational programs to promote reading in accordance with state educational standards;
16 refresher courses (trainings) on reading promotion technologies were held for specialists from various regions of Russia. Graduates of these programs were awarded diplomas state standard;
Contests were held best ideas and reading promotion projects;
Extensive monitoring of activities local authorities and libraries in the field of reading promotion (the results of these studies are published);
A traveling exhibition of posters on the history of reading propaganda in the USSR was formed; this exhibition traveled through different cities Russia;
Methods for assessing and self-assessing the socio-cultural effectiveness of activities in the field of support and development of reading have been developed (for the first time in the world).

Publishing activities

ICBS has prepared and published 28 books on reading promotion issues:

1. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. - M .: MCBS, 2007 .-- 56 p. (Responsible for the release - Kuzmin E.I., Bakeykin S.D.)

2. National Program for Reading Promotion and Development in Russia "(National Program for the Support and Development of Reading in Russia in English)

3. Recommendations for the development and implementation of a regional program for the support and development of reading // Scientific supervisors of the development - Kuzmin E.I., Orlova E.A. (Responsible for the release - Bakeykin S.D.) - M .: MCBS, 2007. - 64 p. ...

4. Recommendations for organizing the socio-cultural space for the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading at the Local Level // Scientific supervisors of the development - Kuzmin E.I., Orlova E.A. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S.D.) - M .: ICBS, 2007 . - 88 p.

5. How to break the vicious circle: Support and development of reading: problems and opportunities: scientific and practical collection. / Comp. Kuzmin E.I., Gromova O.K. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S.D.) - Moscow: MCBS, 2007 .-- 184 p.

6. Support and development of reading in the library space of Russia: a collection of scientific and practical works / Comp. Askarova V.Ya. (Responsible for the release - Kuzmin E.I., Bakeykin S.D.) - Moscow: MCBS, 2007 .-- 272 p.

7. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Year One. Materials of the All-Russian Conference "National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: First Results, Problems and Prospects" (Moscow, November 20, 2007) / Compilers and editors - Kuzmin E. I. (executive editor), Parshakova A. V., Borodin O. R (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin) - Moscow: MCBS, 2008 .-- 120 p.

8. Askarova V.Ya. The concept of support and development of children's and youth reading in the Chelyabinsk region "/ Scientific editors - Orlova E. A., Kuzmin E. I. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S. D.) - Moscow: MCBS, 2008. - 48 p.

9. Orlova E. A. Recommendations for working with the media in the framework of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. A guide for organizers of educational projects and events. / Scientific editors - Kuzmin E.I., Parshakova A.V. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S.D.) - Moscow: MCBS, 2008. - 72 p.

10. Orlova E. A. Recommendations for increasing the level of reading competence within the framework of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. Employee benefit educational institutions/ Scientific editors - Kuzmin E.I., Parshakova A.V. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S.D.) - M .: MCBS, 2008.-72 p.

11. Kulikova E.V. Recommendations on the participation of children's libraries in the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading / Scientific Editors - Kuzmin E.I., Parshakova A.V. (Responsible for the issue - Bakeykin S.D.) - M .: ICBS, 2008 .-- 64 p.

12. School as a territory for reading. Collection of articles / Compiled by S.V. Volkov, scientific editors - E.I. Kuzmin, A.V. Parshakova. (Responsible for the issue -Bakeykin S.D.) -M .: MCBS, 2008. -88 p .;

13. Dubin B.V., Zorkaya N.A. Reading in Russia - 2008. Trends and problems / Scientific editors - Kuzmin E.I., Parshakova A.V. MCBS, 2008. - 80 p.

14. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Problems and Prospects. Materials (edit) II All-Russian conference (Moscow, November 20-21, 2008) / Comp. Kuzmin E. I., Parshakova A. V. (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2009. - 280 p.

15. National program for the support and development of reading and guidelines for its implementation: collection of materials / Comp. Kuzmin E. I., Parshakova A. V. (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2009. - 480 p.

16. Stay. Look back ... Collection of information and analytical materials / Comp. Kuzmin E. I., Parshakova A. V. (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2009. - 104 p.

17. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Year Three. Materials of the All-Russian scientific-practical conference "Libraries, publishing houses, book trade and the media: influence on the reading circle" (Moscow, November 19, 2009) and the III All-Russian scientific-practical conference "National program for the support and development of reading: results and prospects" ( Moscow, November 20, 2009) / Ed.-comp. Kuzmin E. I., Parshakova A. V. (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2010. - 216 p.

18. Regional policy and activities of libraries to support and develop reading: an analytical report based on the results of a monitoring study. - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2010. - 108 p.

19. Stepanova A.S., Yalysheva V.V. Regional centers of books and reading in Russia / Otv. editor E. I. Kuzmin (Responsible for the issue - S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2010. - 176 p.

20. Support and development of reading: trends and problems (based on the results of five years of implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading in Russia). Collection of articles / Ed.-comp. E. I. Kuzmin, A. V. Parshakova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin) - Moscow: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2011 .-- 216 p.

21. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Year Four. Materials of the II All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference "Libraries, Publishing Houses, Book Trade and Mass Media: Impact on the Reading Circle" (Moscow, November 18, 2010) and the IV All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference "National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Results and Prospects" (Moscow, November 19, 2010) / Ed.-comp. E. I. Kuzmin, A. V. Parshakova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin) .- Moscow: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2011. - 216 p.

22. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Year Five. Materials (edit) V All-Russian scientific-practical conference "National program for the support and development of reading: problems and prospects" (Moscow, November 18, 2011) / Ed.-comp. E. I. Kuzmin, A. V. Parshakova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin) .- M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2012. -136 p.

23. Reading Moscow teenagers in real and electronic environment. Sociological research materials / Comp. V.P. Chudinova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeikin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2012.-144 p.

24. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. Year six / Editors - compilers: E. I. Kuzmin, A. V. Parshakova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeikin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2013. - 128 p.

25. Reading Crisis: The Energy of Overcoming. Collection of scientific and practical works. / Editor-compiler - V. Ya. Askarova. (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin) - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2013. - 320 p.

26. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. The seventh year / Editors - compilers: E. I. Kuzmin, D. D. Ignatova. (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin) - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2014 .-- 176 p.

27. National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. Year Eight / Editors - compilers: E. I. Kuzmin, D. D. Ignatova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2015 .-- 168 p.

28. Reading. XXI century. Collective monograph. / Scientific editor-compiler - V. Ya. Askarova (Responsible for the issue S. D. Bakeykin). - M .: Interregional Center for Library Cooperation, 2015 .-- 472 p.

More than 25 thousand copies of these professional publications were distributed free of charge to libraries in Russia and other CIS countries.

The target audience of all ICBC reading promotion projects were directors of libraries, scientific and educational institutions, publishers, booksellers, and journalists. Representatives of federal ministries, regional and municipal authorities, world famous cultural figures of foreign countries, including twice the president of the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA).

All projects of the ICBS were widely covered in the mass regional mass media and in the all-Russian specialized editions of the library, publishing and book-selling industries.

ICBS has constantly drawn the attention of the general public and local authorities to the need to address the problems of reading promotion. In 11 regions of Russia, regional programs in support of reading were adopted, the attitude towards libraries as conductors of reading changed, the attitude towards the problems of promoting reading in libraries and educational institutions themselves changed.

There is no doubt that thanks to these activities, the destructive processes in the field of reading were at least slowed down, and the issues of reading, teaching literature and the Russian language were brought to the state level.

As a result, a scientific, methodological and methodological base was developed for the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading (in particular, recommendations for promoting reading for public and children's libraries, for regional authorities, educational institutions, the media - there is no such thing anywhere in the world!).

On the whole, this is a solid groundwork in order to bring reading promotion activities in Russia to a serious political level and to achieve the adoption of a properly funded state program.

The activity of ICBS in the field of reading promotion received the highest praise in Russia. This is evidenced by numerous thanks and certificates of honor from various federal and regional authorities. ICBC employees and partners (experts) are regularly invited to give lectures in the regions of Russia and in foreign countries. The reports on our activities at international book fairs in Italy and Bulgaria caused a great response.

Developed by the Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications in conjunction with the Russian Book Union, which was presented to the President of the Russian Federation and, as a result of consideration, was included in the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation to the government following the meeting of the State Council of the Russian Federation on December 26, 2006. The order says that the government should before May 1, 2007“To define a system of measures that will deepen interest in the book, in the national and world literary, historical, scientific heritage, in contemporary literature».

The Government of St. Petersburg approved the "Program for the Support and Development of Reading in St. Petersburg for 2009-2011" (Resolution No. 876 of July 22, 2008)

The Interregional Center for Library Cooperation and the Russian Committee of the UNESCO Information for All Program, commissioned by the Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications and the Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography, developed recommendations,aimed at promoting the development and implementation of national, regional and municipal programs and projects to support and develop reading.

(pdf, 899 KB)

The collection contains materials of a scientific and practical nature, which contain reflections on the fate of books and reading in the modern world, on the activities of book and library institutions in the new realities and effective technologies for supporting and developing reading in schools, universities, libraries.

(pdf, 6.5 MB)

The publication contains materials from a comprehensive study conducted in 2011-2012. Department of Sociological Research of the Russian State Children's Library in conjunction with the Department of Philological Education of the Moscow Institute of Open Education. Authors: V.P. Chudinova, S. A. Shapoval, E. A. Kolosova, A. Yu. Gubanova, E. A. Armaderova, L. N. Kosenko

(pdf, 1.51 MB)

The collection contains articles by leading Russian experts dealing with reading problems - sociologists, managers and employees of libraries, representatives of the education and book business. The current situation in the field of reading support is analyzed, key problems are highlighted, and the five-year experience of active program, project and practical activities within the framework of the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading is summarized. Particular attention is paid to the formation of interest in reading among the younger generation, the description of "pain points" in the promotion of children and youth reading. Examples of successful experience of Japan and China in this area are given. The publication of the collection is timed to coincide with the 5th Anniversary All-Russian Conference "National Program for the Support and Development of Reading: Problems and Prospects" (Moscow, "President-Hotel", November 18, 2011), which is organized by Federal agency on Printing and Mass Communications and the Interregional Center for Library Cooperation.

The Recommendations for increasing the level of reading competence within the framework of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading cover a wide range of issues related to teaching effective reading, increasing the level of reading competence of members of the Russian society.

Recommendations for working with the media in the framework of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading. A guide for organizers of educational projects and events (pdf, 565 KB)

The Recommendations for working with the media within the framework of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading present two main areas of work related to increasing the level of reading and general cultural competence of members of Russian society. First, it suggests ways of using the media to promote the Program. Secondly, its capabilities are considered from the point of view of familiarizing a wide audience with reading and understanding the texts of modern media culture. The recommendations are intended for those who develop and implement relevant educational projects within the framework of the Program.

The Guidelines for the Design and Implementation of a Regional Reading Support and Development Program provide suggestions for implementation general analysis problematic situation in this area. Methods, methods and means are proposed that allow to strengthen the existing potential at the regional level and systematically combine loosely connected resources into a single socio-cultural reading space, within which it is possible to implement a rational regional policy of maintaining and developing reading.

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The Recommendations on the organization of the socio-cultural space for the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading at the Local Level propose methods of forming links and partnerships between libraries, streamlining the environment around them. external environment, describes the technologies of organizing the public to participate in the implementation of the program.

Since 2007, the President-Hotel (Moscow) has hosted all-Russian conferences,organized by the Interregional Center for Library Cooperation at the request of the Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications.

Why did Russia, which created great fiction and which until very recently considered itself the most reading country in the world, needed National Program for the Support and Development of Reading?

The fact is that in the context of ongoing political and economic reforms, globalization, and the rapid formation of an information society on a global scale, Russia is faced with a large number of problems.

Russia will have to develop while maintaining itself in a highly competitive environment. And for this it is necessary that the entire population of the country (including the political class, business community, management) has such a level of knowledge and cultural competence, which would be sufficient for successful adaptation to the ever-increasing complexity of reality.

Humanity has entered the phase of building a global information society, and progress is now almost primarily determined by the speed and quality of information exchange channels, the degree of accessibility and quality of information itself, and most importantly, by the measure of its assimilation by the whole society.

The problems of reading are much broader and more complex than the problems of reading exclusively books and the problems of reading only fiction and its propaganda.

Reading is mastering written information contained in books, magazines, newspapers, various documents, official and personal correspondence.

Not only books and not only fiction, but also periodicals (not only in print, but also in in electronic format) in science and technology, economics and politics, culture and art, history and philosophy expand the understanding of the world and the processes occurring in it, allow you to understand and correctly assess the surrounding reality, navigate more successfully in it, make competent decisions at all levels - of an individual, organization, city, region, whole country, the whole world.

The declining interest in reading is a global trend driven by the rapid development of electronic media and the entertainment industry, which squeeze reading both as a prestigious source of information and as a pleasant form of leisure.

However, in many countries, both highly developed and actively modernizing, political and cultural elites are making active (and successful!) Attempts to counteract this, since reading plays an extremely important role for the development of any country.

Russia has come to a critical level of disregard for reading. We are experiencing a systemic crisis of reading (and writing) culture. The share of systematically reading youth in our country has decreased from 48% (1991) to 28% (2005). If in 1991 79% of the inhabitants of our country read at least one book a year, then in 2005 this figure was 63%. In 1991, 61% of Russians read newspapers every day, in 2005 - only 24%. For magazines, the figures are 16% and 7%, respectively. In the 1970s, 80% of families regularly read to children; today, only 7%. The choice of both professional and fictional literature for reading speaks of a drop in taste, even in an intellectual environment.

That is why the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading in Russia is dictated by an acute vital necessity.

Only during the development of the Program did it become clear how complex and large-scale, multifaceted and multi-level the problem of reading in our country is. The issues of accessibility and adequate understanding of texts, the problem of the distribution of books and periodicals, the state of publishing, libraries, educational institutions, the media, our entire information environment, the content and priorities of policy in the field of culture and education, and finally, the very need for reading in both children and and in adults, everything is closely intertwined and interdependent.

As never before, Russia now publishes a colossal variety of books and other printed materials, but this potentially huge effect is largely coming to naught both from the underdeveloped infrastructure of the book trade, and from the poverty of our people and our libraries, which are unable to acquire these books, and from underestimating the role of libraries, and from the loss of interest in reading among the majority of the population, and much more.

To increase the level of knowledge and cultural competence of the entire population in Russia, such a social climate, such an information environment and such conditions should be created that would simultaneously induce of all people to read and provide them with the availability of any modern publication - in bookstores, and in libraries, and on the Internet. Institutions and institutions should appear in whose duties the functions of reading support are officially assigned, and the specialists working in them are trained in the appropriate methods and technologies. Now, no one in our country bears either political or moral responsibility for supporting reading, and there is an extremely shortage of relevant specialists.

Mass media, especially television and radio, play a huge role in the Program. It is on them that there is a special hope - no one is better than them, faster and more efficiently, unable to make the image of a bookish person, a person reading in public opinion would be associated with success in life, so that everyone understands: reading is necessary, fashionable and prestigious, and not reading is embarrassing and ridiculous.

The Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications and the Russian Book Union are convinced that the active implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading will change both in society and in government structures the attitude towards book and reading culture as something secondary and will lead to an increase in the intellectual potential of the nation, will help in solving vital problems.

The National Program for the Support and Development of Reading, developed by Rospechat together with the Russian Book Union, was presented to the President of the Russian Federation and, as a result of consideration, was included in the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation to the government following the meeting of the State Council of the Russian Federation on December 26, 2006. The order says that the government should before May 1, 2007"To define a system of measures that will deepen interest in the book, in the national and world literary, historical, scientific heritage, in contemporary literature."

In 2007 - at initial stage implementation of the Program - through the efforts of all interested parties, such an atmosphere should be created in the country so that everyone understands the need for daily, painstaking and exciting work in this direction and starts it.

Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications

Russian Book Union

National program support and development of reading

The problems of reading are much broader and more complex than the problems of reading exclusively books and the problems of reading only fiction and its propaganda.

Reading is mastering written information contained in books, magazines, newspapers, various documents, official and personal correspondence.

Not only books and not only fiction, but also periodicals (not only in print, but also in electronic form) on science and technology, economics and politics, culture and art, history and philosophy expand the understanding of the world and the processes taking place in it , allow you to understand and correctly assess the surrounding reality, to navigate in it more successfully, to make competent decisions at all levels - an individual, an organization, a city, a region, an entire country, the whole world.

That is why the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading in Russia is dictated by an urgent vital necessity.

Only during the development of the Program did it become clear how complex and large-scale, multifaceted and multi-level the problem of reading in our country is. The issues of accessibility and adequate understanding of texts, the problems of distribution of books and periodicals, the state of publishing, libraries, educational institutions, the media, our entire information environment, the content and priorities of policies in the field of culture and education, and finally, the very need for reading in both children and and in adults, everything is closely intertwined and interdependent.

Mass media, especially television and radio, play a huge role in the Program. It is on them that there is a special hope - no one is better, faster and more effective than them, unable to make the image of a bookish person, a person reading in public opinion associated with success in life, so that everyone understands that reading is necessary, fashionable and prestigious, and not to read is ashamed and ridiculous.

In 2007 - at the initial stage of the Program implementation - through the efforts of all stakeholders in the country such an atmosphere should be created so that everyone would understand the need for daily, painstaking and exciting work in this direction and start it.

Press Service of the Federal Agency

on printing and mass communications

INTRODUCTION

The need for comprehensive modernization in Russia is due to the fact that in the context of globalization, the quality of life in our country must correspond to generally recognized world standards, as a result of which Russia could successfully compete in the framework of world politics and economy with other countries and at the same time interact constructively with them. The implementation of these goals is hampered by the lack of constructive ideas, knowledge and information circulating in all strata of Russian society, and the relatively low level of general cultural competence of the entire population (including the political class, business community, management level) is insufficient to successfully solve the accumulated complex problems.

The growing lack of knowledge and constructive ideas in Russian society(against the background of other existing acute system-wide problems) is largely due to a decrease in interest in reading among the population. Current situation in this respect, it is characterized as a systemic crisis of reading culture, when the country approached critical limit of reading neglect.

This situation is fraught with great social risk, since reading is the most important way of assimilating vital information; without it, the integration of the individual into the multinational and multilayered Russian culture, understood as the whole complex of spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional traits, is unthinkable; lifestyle; fundamental human rights; worldview systems, that is, values, norms, traditions, education that characterize society. At the same time, the economy, politics, national security and competitiveness of the country largely depend on the level of cultural competence of citizens.

A certain decline in interest in reading is today a global trend, and in many countries active attempts are being made to counteract this, based on an understanding of the role of reading for the development of any country.

The experience of these countries shows that it is possible to change the situation for the better. but

maintaining a high level of written and oral culture requires constant, unrelentingefforts, as well as the availability of effectiveinstitutions for the development and support of readership(and writing) culture.

Today, in a transitional Russian society, the main task is to call atthe younger generation is interested in reading andreturn to the rank of active readers are numerousgroups of relatively educated working Russians, which define the present of Russia, lay the foundations of its future and which, for various reasons, have almost ceased to be read over the past 20 years. In other words, it is necessarycreate conditions in the country for mass intensificationcation of reading processes, quality improvement andvariety of reading literature in allareas of expertise, exchange of views on readnom, for the growth of the prestige of reading as a culturenoisy value.

In the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading, the phenomenon of reading is considered comprehensively, against a broad background of socio-cultural processes and problems that Russia, as a transitional society, faces in the context of ongoing political and economic reforms, globalization, and the development of the information society.

The implementation of the Program will help to significantly change both in society and in government structures attitudes towards book and reading culture and become a launching pad for the systematic and logically consistent formation and implementation of an effective national policy in the field of support and development of reading by government agencies, public associations and business.

The implementation of such a policy will lead to an increase in the intellectual potential of the nation, will become an important tool for preserving and developing the culture of Russia, maintaining and increasing the wealth of the native language, which will contribute to solving vital problems and achieving the strategic goals of the country's development.

Program name	National Program for the Support and Development of Reading
Customers	Federal Agency for Press and Mass Communications Russian Book Union
Main Developers of the Program	Interregional Center for Library Cooperation 000 "Strategica"
Goals and objectives of the Program	The purpose of the development and implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading is to increase the cultural competence of members of society through: Increasing reading competence, understood as a set of knowledge and skills that allow a person to select, understand, organize information presented in printed (written) form and use it successfully for personal and public purposes The growth of reading activity (coverage and intensity) of citizens - subjects of reading, bringing it to a level corresponding to successful adaptation in a complex, dynamic society of a transitional type Streamlining the sociocultural space of reading and strengthening the main institutions that make up the infrastructure for supporting and developing reading - libraries, educational and cultural institutions, the book industry, the industry of production and distribution of other types of content by various means (newspapers, magazines, documents, etc.), systems for popularizing reading, training systems for reading infrastructure, systems for scientific and methodological study of reading problems Creation of a system of effective information exchange between the institutions of the reading infrastructure, as well as between the institutions and the management system, ensuring the ordering of the corresponding socio-cultural space Creation of a management system for the infrastructure of support and development of reading, that is, effective mechanisms for coordination and cooperation of departments and institutions that form and implement policies in the field of reading
Critical target indicators and results	Raising the cultural competence of citizens to a level comparable to developed and actively developing countries Increasing the reading competence of citizens to a level comparable to developed and actively developing countries The growth of the readership (coverage and intensity) of the population to a level corresponding to successful adaptation in a complex, dynamic society of the transitional type (the share of the reading population, the share of the actively reading population) Increasing the share of citizens involved in the system of increasing reading competence and satisfied with the learning outcomes Increasing the proportion of citizens participating in effective reading promotion activities Increase in the share of citizens, as well as institutional consumers of content, satisfied with the quality and variety of content used Increase in the share of citizens, as well as institutional consumers of content, satisfied with the availability of the content used
Terms and stages of the Program implementation	2007-2020 years Stage 1 - years. Stage 2 - years. Stage 3 - 2016-2020

BACKGROUND FOR THE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

For the implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading in Russia there are the necessary conditions and resources:

Institutional structures exist for the storage and distribution of printed materials and written documents (libraries,
educational and scientific institutions, publishing houses, book
trade, archives);

There is a huge amount of socially
meaningful information, which in an orderly manner
stored within these structures;

Professional writers - journalists, writers, translators, literary critics, literary critics - and their public associations are actively working in the country;

State and private publishing houses regularly supply the market with books, magazines, newspapers;

Specialized stores, supermarket departments, kiosks provide readers with ample opportunities in purchasing the printed materials they need;

Book fairs and exhibitions are held regularly;

There is a reading group in the country focused on reading serious literature - professional and fiction; there are also public
associations of book lovers and amateur letters
tori;

The country has the necessary potential of funds
mass media that can be used to promote reading;

The country has a developed network of educational institutions and libraries;

The society has not completely lost its rich literary traditions and the desire to pass them on to the younger generation.

The implementation of the National Program for the Support and Development of Reading will help to unite in the framework of a unified state policy in the field of reading and to strengthen the available, but loosely connected resources and to orient members of society towards solving one of the most important national tasks.

LIBRARIES

The library is the only social institution where the national repertoire of the press is monitored and publications issued in the country are purchased as fully as possible in order to make them available to the public, mostly free of charge. In the context of regionalization of all institutional spheres and low purchasing power of members of society (especially in small towns and rural areas), libraries are becoming one of the main social institutions, which could take on a significant share of responsibility for ensuring the availability of information in such a large-scale country as Russia. Moreover, the attendance of libraries (about 1 billion visits per year) is three times higher compared to other cultural institutions taken together.

More than 130 thousand libraries of various types and types are currently operating in the Russian Federation, and this number remains stable thanks to the efforts of the professional community. In general, despite all the difficulties of the transition period, libraries constitute one of the few systems in the field of culture, education and science, which has largely retained its personnel and organizational potential.

Federal and regional universal scientific, public and university libraries (about 1000 units in total) are generally developing in accordance with world standards and in the majority meet modern requirements informatization. On the basis of the National Information and Library Center "Libnet", a Consolidated Catalog of Russian Libraries is being created on the basis of the most modern technologies corporate formation of the metadata base. There are several hundred thousand librarians working in the country, most of whom have higher library or pedagogical education. A significant amount of accumulated funds, primarily the funds of the largest libraries, is the most important integral part of the national cultural heritage and information resources country.

EDUCATION SYSTEM

Today, the system of general compulsory education for many citizens of the Russian Federation is the first, and for a significant part - the most important institution of socialization. It is in the school that the foundations for the future social achievements of students are laid, their personality, attitude towards themselves and others, and cultural competence are formed. The future fate of domestic science, economics, art and society as a whole depends on the state of the school today. The system of compulsory education is still the only institutional structure that bears responsibility for the development of basic competencies of the population.

Within the framework of this social institution, considerable experience has been accumulated, there is a methodological base, there are other resources necessary for work related to the development of reading competence: a wide range of developments in the field of teaching children to read, including those with disabilities (a system of special correctional institutions); more than 90% of teachers working in the field of teaching reading have a university degree.

Since the tradition of reading aloud to children in the family is leaving the culture, the school and school library for most children becomes the place where many of them first get acquainted with the book. The system of general compulsory education in the Russian Federation includes a developed network of institutions; it covers almost 100% of the population of the respective age groups and, therefore, is the main institution that shapes future generations of readers.

In recent years, the education system has undergone major changes, especially in connection with

Information security "href =" / text / category / informatcionnaya_bezopasnostmz / "rel =" bookmark "> information security of the state and citizens. The need for advanced (in comparison with today's social demands) development of the education system, reorienting it to world standards, shifting the focus to development of competencies that provide students with equal starting opportunities for further integration into an active socio-cultural life and are an indispensable condition for lifelong education and self-development.

POPULAR READING SYSTEM

The tasks of popularizing reading, which should be implemented by all these institutions, should be considered:

Assistance in the formation of an information environment favorable for the promotion of reading and conditions for the accessibility of people useful for life and socially necessary literature;

Promotion of the best examples of literature (texts, books, genres, types of publications) to a wide audience of readers;

Formation in public opinion of ideas about the value and significance of reading and book culture;

Creation of positive and attractive images of a reading person, books, literature, libraries, bookstores and other social institutions related to reading;

In Russia, the traditions of popularizing reading have not been completely lost, which were laid down in pre-revolutionary Russia, preserved and developed in Soviet times. This is the popularizing role of the library, and the school, and the society of book lovers, and book fairs and festivals, and literary museums. Much is done in modern Russia and at the level of individual projects.

BOOK INDUSTRY

The main function of the book industry is to ensure the diversity and high quality of the published literature and its effective distribution throughout the country through the book trade channels. In the USSR, a developed book industry was created, including large book publishing houses, a printing base, an extensive bookseller network, a personnel training system and much more. And although the transition of the industry to market relations in the late 80s - early 90s of the XX century had an ambiguous effect on its development (which is discussed in detail below), progress in the development of the industry over the past time is noticeable.

In the number and variety of titles of books published (over 90 thousand), Russia has surpassed the level of the USSR. The market volume exceeded in 2005 the level of two

billion US dollars. The habitual book shortage of Soviet times, when there were not enough books in demand in the book trade, gave way to a wide variety of book products, especially in large cities. The total number of Russian book publishers is several thousand, the largest of which are also the largest publishers in Eastern Europe. Not only successful bookstores have appeared in Russia, but also chain companies represented in many regions of the country. On the basis of the Russian Book Chamber, a national bibliography of books and other types of publications is being created, and the “Books in print” system is being developed.

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT

The effective functioning of a complex infrastructure for the support and development of reading requires a powerful scientific and methodological base. This is especially true for Russia, which traditionally relies on its own scientific and educational resources.

In today's Russia there are all opportunities for the scientific study of the problems of reading, literacy, libraries, the education system, the book industry, etc. This is the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Academy of Education, and leading "industry" universities - universities of culture, press, Literary Institute, public organizations and others. Significant scientific potential is possessed not only by national libraries - RSL and RNL, but also by many federal and regional libraries.

Over the years of reforms in domestic research practice, including those related to reading, there have been numerous negative changes (see below for more details). However, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of those scientific and educational institutions that not only preserved, but also to a certain extent increased the potential of knowledge in this area. In addition, lone enthusiasts, who have extremely scarce opportunities to finance their activities, create scientific and educational developments that are not inferior to the best examples from developed countries.

TRAINING SYSTEM

In Russia there is an established system of personnel training for the needs of individual institutions of the reading infrastructure. There is an extensive network of pedagogical universities and institutes for advanced training of teachers, institutes of culture (including librarians), the University of Printing Arts, the Literary Institute, etc.

In a number of educational institutions the country has developed innovative methods of training teachers, librarians-educators for public, school, children, youth libraries, children and youth reading specialists, proofreaders, marketers, etc.

Although, for a number of reasons, a significant improvement of the personnel training system is required (see below for more details), this is precisely about modernization and reform, and not about creating a system from scratch.

INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMREADING

In pre-revolutionary Russia, and then in the USSR, enough efficient system management of individual institutions related to reading. Although part of this system was dismantled over the years of reforms or could not perform its functions in the changed socio-economic conditions, there are prerequisites for a relatively quick restoration of the integral management contour. This is possible if the state authorities - the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Culture, Rospechat, Roskultura, Rosobrazovanie - unite their efforts to form and implement a modern state policy that systematically connects the main components of the reading infrastructure.

Over the past 15 years, both the state and the library community have done a lot to set guidelines for library policy. Federal laws adopted in 1994 “On librarianship"And" On the legal deposit of documents "formed the basis for a whole set of regional laws in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as other legal and regulatory acts. Development of state and professional standards in the field of librarianship, including through the Russian Library Association (RLA). The main scientific and methodological centers operate on the basis of 2 national, 20 federal, as well as central public libraries in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

V recent times is undergoing significant changes regulatory framework regulating the process of managing the education system, endowing an increasing number of its participants with significant powers:

Amendments to the law "On Education" were adopted, which provide regional and municipal education authorities with greater freedom in determining the content of educational programs. At the institutional level of the institution
education have been empowered to independently
develop a curriculum and select teaching materials and teaching methods;

The developed concept for the development of ethnocultural
tourism education implies the need
adaptation of the content and organization of the training process
to the interests of all ethnic groups, representing
enrolled in educational institutions of the country;

Project Federal law"About making changes
changes in the legislative acts of the Russian Federation
tion "is aimed at increasing the role of representatives
associations of employers in the formation of a list
her areas of training (specialties), development
the development of state educational standards
vocational education and procedures
the role of the quality of vocational education;

There was a tendency to expand the sphere
participation of parents in managing the work of education
institutions.

National associations of publishers and distributors of printed materials have emerged, which actively declare their desire to jointly solve not only intra-industry, but also such socially significant problems as the development of reading in Russian society.

CHARACTERISTIC OF THE PROBLEM TO SOLVE WHICH THE PROGRAM IS PURPOSED TO

It follows from what has been said that individual institutions of the sociocultural space of reading during the years of reforms not only survived, but even received a certain development. However, in general, the infrastructure for supporting and developing reading across the country suffered serious losses. Moreover, Russia has approached the critical limit of neglect of reading, and at this stage we can talk about the beginning of irreversible processes of destruction of the core of the national culture.

Since the second half of the 20th century, the volume of information in every country and in the world as a whole has been rapidly increasing, its dissemination is accelerating, and the diversity is increasing. In the context of the rapid formation of a global information society, the development of Russia is increasingly dependent on the content, orderliness and assimilation of information circulating in the country.

In an increasingly complex and rapidly changing Russian society, as in other transitional societies, information processes have become less ordered both in comparison with the previous (in Soviet times) state, and in comparison with developed countries:

Information about
exchange between different regions of Russia; between different
types of settlements (metropolis, large city,
middle town, village), between different layers and
groups of the population, between representatives of different
new professions; insufficient information exchange
between Russia and other countries;

In the information space of the country, there are
identify sources and channels for obtaining fragmented
audiovisual information, while requests
the overwhelming majority of the country's population to the exact and
systematized written (printed and electronic)
ronny) information is not satisfied;

The necessary knowledge does not reach in time
mass consumer in the forms accessible to him, and
the information that he possesses turns out to be
insufficient to help solve vital
important problems;

Exchange of vital information between
state and society is insufficient, which prevents
wide participation of citizens in solving socially
any problems;

Socially necessary knowledge in society is
changes slower than required for effective
socio-cultural adaptation of its members.

These factors hinder development Russia as an information society, that is, a post-industrial one, with an innovative economy, which adequately fits into modern global processes and successfully competes in the world economy, politics, and culture.

In these conditions exchange of written information(printed and electronic publications) and reading, that is, the active development of written information, play an extremely important role for the development of the country, since it is thanks to the printed, mainly

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