Problems of providing certain forms of social services. Problems of social services for disabled people. Problems of social services in Russia and ways to solve them

The concept of "disability" (meaning "permanent or long-term, significant limitation of the ability to work, due to various diseases or injuries."

Disability is a biological, social, medical and legal concept.

Elderly disabled people in our society are one of the most vulnerable categories of the population, despite the fact that the state is taking serious measures to organize a system of their social protection. Many of them are lonely, many are in financial distress, and many are in need of care.

In every country, disabled citizens constitute an object (object) of concern for the state, which puts social policy at the forefront of its activities. The main concern of the state in relation to the elderly and the disabled is material support (allowances, benefits, etc.). However, disabled citizens need not only material support. An important role is played by providing them with effective physical, psychological, organizational and other assistance.

The problems of social adaptation and support for people with disabilities and the elderly continue to remain relevant and require new approaches to their solution.

A change in the social status of a person in old age and a disabled person associated with the termination or restriction of work and social activities, the transformation of values, lifestyle and communication, the emergence of difficulties in social and psychological adaptation to new conditions, gives rise to serious social problems.

The most acute problem is the limitation of the vital activity of the elderly and disabled. In solving this problem, the improvement of social rehabilitation and social assistance the elderly and disabled. Therefore, a significant role in the system of social protection of elderly disabled people today is played by social services, since it is aimed at meeting their basic needs.

The organization of social services for senior citizens is given more and more importance in our country every year.

The social service system covers a wide range of services: medical care, maintenance and services in boarding houses, home help for those in need of care, housing and communal services, leisure activities, etc. Composite element social service is the provision of social assistance at home to the elderly and disabled.

Problems of social services for older citizens are currently in the focus of attention of many social institutions, social and research programs aimed at ensuring an acceptable standard of living for senior citizens and disabled people.

The problem of social assistance to the elderly and disabled is of national importance. This is evidenced by the attention of the legislator to this problem.

The system of social services for the elderly and disabled in the Russian Federation is built on the basis of the Federal Law Russian Federation of December 10, 1995 No. 195-FZ "On the Basics of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation" (as amended on August 22, 2004 No. 122-FZ) and Federal Law of August 2, 1995 No. 122-FZ "On Social Services for Citizens elderly and disabled "(as amended on January 10, 2003 N 15-FZ).

The problem of meeting the basic needs of the elderly and disabled people, improving the quality of their life is a problem of society as a whole, and its solution contributes to the successful spiritual and moral development of society and the state.

The Russian state, developing and adopting the relevant legislative acts, harmonizes them with the starting positions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights" (adopted by the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948), the Final Act of the Helsinki Meeting (1975), the European Social charter adopted in 1961. and amended in 1996 by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by General Assembly resolution 61/106 of 13 December 2006.

Fundamental documents in the system regulatory framework social work with disabled and elderly people are the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.

In Art. 7 of the Constitution, the Russian Federation is proclaimed a social state, the policy of which is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a dignified life and free human development.

On the basis of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 10, 1995 No. 195-FZ "On the Basics of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation" (as amended on August 22, 2004 No. 122-FZ) and the Federal Law of August 2, 1995 No. 122- Federal Law "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people" (as amended on January 10, 2003 N 15-ФЗ), a system of social services is developing in our country.

The named laws establish legal regulation in the field of social services for the population, including the elderly and disabled.

The Law "On the Basics of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation" provides the basic concepts used in the field of social services, defines the systems of social services (state, municipal and other forms of ownership), indicates the principles on which the provision of social services is based (targeting, accessibility, voluntariness, humanity, confidentiality, preventive focus, priority of the provision of social services to minors in difficult life situation). Article 6 of the Law is devoted to the issues of compliance of social services state standards establishing the basic requirements for the volume and quality of social services, the procedure and conditions for their provision.

The Law specifies the rights of family members to social services and to receive various social services, both at home and in social service institutions; the issues of organizing social services, a list of social service institutions and the procedure for their creation, activities, reorganization and liquidation, their procedure financial security, powers federal bodies state power, state power bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social services.

Social service the elderly and disabled are regulated by the Federal Law "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people." The preamble of the law states that social services is one of the areas of activity for social protection of the population, establishes economic, social and legal guarantees for elderly citizens and disabled people, based on the need to approve the principles of philanthropy and mercy.

Of great importance for solving the problems of the elderly and disabled are the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation: "On measures to create an accessible living environment for people with disabilities" Decree of the President of the Russian Federation On measures to create an accessible living environment for disabled people (As amended by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 03.11.99 . N 1474); "On additional measures state support disabled people "(October 1992);" On scientific and informational support of disability and disabled people "(July 1992) and a number of decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation:" On the federal list of state-guaranteed social services provided to elderly citizens and disabled people by state and municipal institutions social services ";" On the procedure and conditions for payment of social services provided to elderly citizens and disabled people by state and municipal institutions of social services "(April 15, 1996);" On the development of a federal target program " The older generation"(July 18, 1996).

The Department for Elderly Citizens and Disabled Persons of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation has prepared a number of regulations on the creation and organization of work of institutions of stationary and non-stationary social services, including resolutions of the Ministry of Labor of Russia:

- dated October 29, 1998. No. 44 "On recommendations for the creation and organization of the activities of trustees (public) councils in the establishment of social protection of the population";
- dated June 27, 1999 No. 28 "On approval Model Statutes state (municipal) institution "Social and health center for elderly citizens and disabled people";
- dated July 27, 1999 No. 29 (31), "On Approval of the Model Charter of a State (Municipal) Institution", "Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population".

Much work is being done within the framework of the federal target program "Older Generation Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 29, 2002 N 70

"On the federal target program"Older Generation". "The" Older Generation "program should promote social support for the elderly, help create favorable conditions for the realization of their rights and full participation in the economic, social, cultural and spiritual life of the country. complex solution issues taking into account age characteristics, health status of all categories and groups of pensioners.

Thus, the state gives great importance issues of social protection of the elderly and disabled: a mechanism has been developed to provide social services to the elderly and the elderly, and specific technologies have been developed for social work with the elderly and disabled.

Disability as a medical and social problem.

Disability indicators, being an important medical and social criterion of public health, characterize the level of socio-economic development of society, the ecological state of the territory, and the quality of preventive measures taken.

The word "invalid" comes from the Latin invalidus - weak, infirm. A disabled person is considered to be a person who has a health disorder with a persistent disorder of the body's functions caused by diseases, the consequences of injuries or defects, leading to a limitation of life and necessitating his social protection.

Disability is understood as social insufficiency due to health disorders with persistent disorders of the body's functions, leading to limitation of life and necessitating social protection. Thus, disability is a social failure. Social insufficiency is the social consequences of a health disorder leading to limitation of life activity, the inability (in whole or in part) to fulfill the usual role for a person in social life and necessitating social protection.

The cause of disability is a disorder of health with a persistent disorder of bodily functions, that is, a violation of physical, mental and social well-being due to a loss, disorder, anomaly of the physical, mental or anatomical structure or function of the human body. The degree of impairment of body functions is characterized by various indicators and depends on the type of functional impairment, methods of their determination, the ability to measure and evaluate the results. The following disorders of body functions are distinguished:

1.disorders of higher mental functions (mental disorders, other psychological disorders, speech, language disorders);
2.Disorders of the sense organs (visual disturbances, auditory and vestibular disturbances, disorders of smell, touch);
3. movement disorders;
4. visceral and metabolic disorders, eating disorders;
5. disfiguring violations;
6. violations related to general reasons. On the basis of a comprehensive assessment of various parameters, taking into account their qualitative and quantitative values, three degrees of impairment of body functions are distinguished:
1st degree - slightly pronounced dysfunctions;
2nd degree - moderately severe dysfunctions;
3rd degree - pronounced and significantly expressed dysfunctions.

As follows from the definition, disability leads to limitation of life activity, that is, to a complete or partial loss of a person's ability or ability to carry out self-service, independently move, navigate, communicate, control their behavior, learn and engage in work. Thus, the main criteria for life activity that are limited by disability are:

1.the ability to self-service, i.e. the ability to cope with basic physiological needs, to use common household items;
2. the ability to move, i.e. the ability to walk, run, move, overcome obstacles, control body position;
3. the ability to learn, i.e. the ability to perceive and reproduce knowledge (general education, professional, etc.), mastering skills (social, cultural and everyday);
4. ability to work, i.e. the ability to carry out labor activities in a manner or within the framework considered normal for a person, as well as meeting the requirements for the content, scope and conditions of the profession;
5. the ability to orientate, i.e. ability to independently navigate environment through sight, hearing, smell, touch, thinking and adequately assess the situation using the intellect;
6. the ability to communicate, i.e. the ability to establish and develop contacts between people thanks to the perception, understanding of another person, the ability to exchange information;
7. the ability to control one's own behavior, i.e. the ability to feel and behave correctly in everyday life.

Depending on the degree of deviation from the norm of human activity due to health disorders, the degree of limitation of life activity is determined. In turn, depending on the degree of limitation of vital functions and the degree of impairment of body functions to a person recognized as a disabled person, the degree of disability is established.

In the Russian Federation, there are three groups of disabilities. Citizens who have completely lost the ability to regularly professional work under normal conditions and in need of constant outside care (help, supervision), a disability of group I is established. Group II is established in the event of a permanent or long-term disability without the need for outside care. The reason for determining the III group of disability is the loss of the ability to work professionally. Usually it is established with a significant decrease in working capacity, which occurred as a result of dysfunctions of the body caused by chronic diseases or anatomical defects. This group of disability is established, in particular, when it is necessary to transfer an employee for health reasons to another, more easy work, requiring less stress and, as a rule, not as high as before. For certain anatomical defects, the corresponding disability group is established regardless of the nature of the work performed. Taking into account the severity (degree) of disability, the amount of the pension, the amount of other types of support and services are determined.

Recognition of a person as disabled Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 20.02.2006 N 95 (as amended on 06/08/2015) "On the procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as a disabled person" (as amended and supplemented, entered into force on 01.01.2016) is possible only when medical and social expertise, which is carried out by special institutions of the Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise. The Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise is part of the State Service of Medical and Social Expertise, which operates in the system of social protection agencies of the Russian Federation.

Medical and social examination is the determination of the needs of the examined person in measures of social protection, including rehabilitation, based on an assessment of the disabilities caused by a persistent disorder of the body's function.

Medical and social examination is carried out on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the body based on the analysis of clinical and functional, social, household, occupational and psychological data of the examined persons. The state service of medical and social expertise is responsible for:

1.determination of the group of disability, its causes, timing, time of the onset of disability, the need of a disabled person for various types of social protection;
2. development of individual rehabilitation programs for disabled people;
3. study of the level and causes of disability in the population;
4. participation in the development of comprehensive programs for the prevention of disability, medical and social rehabilitation and social protection of disabled people;
5. Determination of the degree of loss of professional working capacity of persons who have received a work injury or an occupational disease;
6. determination of the cause of death of a disabled person in cases where the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the provision of benefits to the family of the deceased.

In the Russian Federation, over 10 million people with disabilities are registered with the social protection authorities. More than 1 million people are recognized as disabled annually for the first time.

An analysis of the epidemiology of disability shows that in 2010, for the first time, 1,199,761 people were recognized as disabled in the country, or 82.8 per 10 thousand of the population. Compared to 1985, this figure increased 1.7 times (1985 - 50.0). This is due to both objective reasons - a deterioration in the health status of the population, and subjective reasons - a change in the approach to assessing disability. At the same time, in recent years, both the absolute and the relative number of persons recognized as disabled for the first time has been decreasing.

The main reason leading to the disability of adults is a general illness - 86% of cases, followed by injuries or illnesses of military personnel - 7.6%, congenital anomalies or diseases that arose in childhood - 4.4%, work injuries or occupational diseases - 2, 0%. IN countryside the share of general diseases as a cause of disability is slightly lower (79.8%) and the share of disabled military personnel (10.3%) and disabled since childhood (7.2%) is higher.

Most often, the II group of disability is determined (70.6% of cases), then III (15.1% of cases), and the I group of disability is established in 14.3% of cases. At working age in urban settlements, the structure of primary disability is somewhat different: Group I - 9.5% of cases, II - 62.6%, III - 27.9% of cases. The structure of disability by groups among rural residents, especially of working age, is close to this.

In the structure of primary disability, diseases of the circulatory system (43.3%) occupy the first place by a large margin, followed by malignant neoplasms (12.7%), the consequences of injuries, poisoning and other external influences (6.5%), mental disorders and disorders behavior (6.2%).

Among the disabled, the elderly and old people predominate, since the aging process is closely associated with a constant increase in the number of patients suffering from various diseases, including those inherent only in the elderly and senile age.

There is a constant increase in the number of old seriously ill people who need long-term drug treatment, care and care. The Polish gerontologist E. Piotrowski believes that among the population over the age of 65, about 33% are persons with low functional capabilities; disabled; at the age of 80 and older - 64%. V.V. Egorov writes that the incidence rate increases with age. At 60 years of age and older, it exceeds the incidence rates of persons under 40 years old by 1, 7 - 2 times. According to epidemiological studies, practically healthy among the elderly population account for about 1/5, the rest suffer from various diseases, and multimorbidity is characteristic, i.e. a combination of several diseases of a chronic nature, poorly amenable to drug treatment. So, at the age of 50-59, 36% of people have 2-3 diseases, at 60-69 years, 40.2% have 4-5 diseases, and at the age of 75 and older, 65.9% have more than 5 diseases.

Disability is a social phenomenon that no society can avoid, and each state, in accordance with its level of development, priorities and opportunities, forms social and economic policy in relation to disabled people. However, the ability of society to combat disability as a social evil is ultimately determined not only by the degree of understanding of the problem itself, but also by the existing economic resources. Of course, the scale of disability depends on many factors, such as: the state of health of the nation, the development of the health care system, socio-economic development, the state of the ecological environment, historical and political reasons, in particular, participation in wars and military conflicts, etc. In Russia all of these factors have a pronounced negative orientation, which predetermines the significant spread of disability in society. The situation is aggravated by the fact that disabled people in our country are one of the most vulnerable categories of the population, despite the fact that the state is taking serious measures to organize a system of their social protection.

This is especially true for elderly people with disabilities. Many of them are lonely, many are in financial distress, many are in need of care.

Thus, disability in Russia today is an important medical and social problem. Disability indicates a critical level of public health.

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Actual problems of social services

Introduction

The relevance of the research topic of this term paper is determined by the fact that in society there are certain categories of citizens who, for a number of objective reasons, need help from other persons. In any social state, the country's leadership takes care of such people, organizes a system of social services for such categories of citizens.

Social services for vulnerable categories of citizens is one of the most basic functions and tasks of any state. To a large extent, the development of the country is determined precisely by the level of how fully the system of social services for such categories of citizens as the disabled, pensioners and others in need of care and attention from the category of people is organized in it.

Social services in Russia are facing very significant problems.

Based on the fact that social services for people is an important task of society and the state, this topic seems to be very important and relevant to study in the framework of this course work on law social security.

The purpose of this course work is to study issues related to pressing problems of social services.

To achieve the goal set in the course work, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

Describe the essence, goals and objectives of social services for the population;

Consider the system of social services for the population, its principles, functions, types and forms of activity;

Consider the main issues of social services in modern Russia;

Describe the issues of organizing social services in the Rostov region.

Course work consists of an introduction, two chapters, divided into subparagraphs, conclusions and a list of references.

1. general characteristics social service

social services for the population

1.1 Characteristics of the essence, goals and objectives of social servicesandpopulation growth

Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for the beginning. prof. education / M.N. Gulova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2012

IN Federal law dated 28.12.2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on 21.07.2014) "On the basics of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation" social work as a theory of the middle level is designed to ensure the effectiveness of social services for the population. Therefore, the effectiveness of social services can, according to scientists, be determined on the basis of both general (serving to assess its effectiveness in general) and specific (for assessing specific social services certain types and methods of social work, the work of individual specialists, employees of institutions) criteria. Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2014) "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation"

The immediate source of determining the criteria for social services are the goals and objectives of the provision of social services and the degree of their implementation. At the same time, the following points are fundamentally important: - firstly, the goals of social services can be considered at the level of society, individual regions, settlements, districts and micro-districts, at the level of population groups and individuals;

Secondly, the goals of social services should take into account the socio - economic, moral - psychological, environmental, political and other situation that has developed in the conditions of political and economic reforms in the first half of the 90s; - thirdly, the goals of social services in modern Russia should be inextricably linked with an objective assessment and positive coverage of the processes of the country's and its regions emerging from the crisis, as well as stabilization social status different categories of the population. The criterion for the effectiveness of social services should be the effectiveness of all types, forms and methods of social services for various categories of the population, the activities of social services, as well as the leadership and management of the entire process of social work with the population and individuals in need of social services. Based on the concept of systemic needs of socio - economic structures in society in applying it to solving practical and organizational problems in the sphere of social services to the population, it is possible to identify the systemic functions and goals of this area.

These are the systemic functions of humanity, which include:

a) helping the poor, the weak, the sick and people in difficult life situations. If a person is in a difficult situation as a result of illness or any circumstances, then the humane attitude of other members of society towards him is likely to be able to save his life and restore his working capacity. b) ensuring the maintenance of the production in the "social organism" of the so-called "energy surpluses". This function is due to the fact that the need for resources for the survival of a "social organism" can change dramatically, for example, during a war or natural disasters. Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for the beginning. prof. education / M.N. Gulova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2012

1.2 The system of social services for the population: principles, functions, types and forms of activity

Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for students. wednesday prof. study. institutions / N.M. Platonov, G.F. Nesterova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2011.

The implementation of activities is based on the following approaches:

Assistance should be reintegrating;

When providing assistance, an individual approach to the client's request is carried out;

Social assistance is provided on the basis of the principle of subsidy;

The beneficiary should be active;

Social assistance mechanisms are activated when other methods of support have been exhausted (psychological, moral, contractual, legislative). Client assistance system in the social service system:

a) the function of social assistance, which includes

Identification, registration of families and individuals in greatest need of social support (low-income citizens, families with minor children and other disabled members), provision of material (financial, in-kind) assistance and provision of temporary housing to those in need, etc.;

Poverty prevention: creating conditions for families to independently ensure their well-being, family entrepreneurship;

Home-based services for those in need of outside care (delivery of food, medicine, transportation for treatment, home health monitoring, etc.);

Promotion of development unconventional forms preschool, school and out-of-school education;

Organization of temporary forced stay of a child outside the parental family, his further placement in a child care institution, under guardianship (guardianship), adoption;

b) the function of consulting, which includes:

Consulting specialists (lawyers, sociologists, teachers, doctors, psychologists, etc.);

Participation in the preparation of young people for the choice of a profession;

Preparing young men and women for marriage and conscious parenting;

Parental medico-psychological universal education;

c) the function of social correction and rehabilitation, which includes:

Social medical and psychological rehabilitation of minors with deviant behavior, neglected children and adolescents, children left without parental care;

Medica - social rehabilitation and rehabilitation of children and adolescents with disabilities and families raising them;

d) the function of information of the population, study and forecasting of social needs, within the framework of which there are three directions:

Providing the client with the information necessary to resolve a difficult life situation;

Dissemination of a physician among the population - psychological, pedagogical and other knowledge;

Study by social work professionals, specially established institutions, and by scientific organizations the needs of their clients and social problems that give rise to crisis situations in the region, the development and implementation of specific measures aimed at their elimination;

e) the function of participation in the implementation of emergency measures to overcome the consequences of natural disasters and social conflicts:

Participation of social service specialists in the development of emergency programs;

Formation within the framework of rescue services organized at the central and other levels, teams of social workers, etc.

Providing material assistance to citizens in difficult life situations in the form of cash, food, etc., as well as special Vehicle, technical means for the rehabilitation of disabled people and persons in need of outside care;

Social services at home, which is carried out by providing social services to citizens in need of outside or temporary non-stationary social services;

Social services in inpatient institutions, carried out by providing social services to citizens who have partially or completely lost the ability to self-service and who need constant outside care, and ensuring the creation of living conditions appropriate to their age and state of health, carrying out medical, psychological, social activities, nutrition, care, as well as the organization of feasible work, rest and leisure;

Provision of temporary shelter in specialized social service institutions for orphans, neglected minor children, citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation, citizens of no fixed abode, victims of psychological or physical abuse and other social service clients who need to be identified as a temporary shelter;

Organization of a day stay in social service institutions with the provision of social, social, medical and other services for elderly citizens and disabled people who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement, as well as other persons, including minors in difficult life situations;

Advisory assistance on issues of social - household and social - medical support of life, psychological and pedagogical assistance, social and legal protection;

Rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities, juvenile offenders, other citizens who are in a difficult life situation and in need of professional, psychological, social rehabilitation. Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for students. wednesday prof. study. institutions / N.M. Platonov, G.F. Nesterova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2011.

Social services are based on the principles:

Equal opportunities for citizens regardless of nationality, gender and age;

Availability;

Volunteering;

Promoting self-reliant social adaptation;

Targeting, priority of assistance to citizens in a dangerous or helpless state;

Humanity, benevolence, confidentiality;

Preventive focus;

Legality and accounting international standards... Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for students. wednesday prof. study. institutions / N.M. Platonov, G.F. Nesterova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2011.

Social service is formed on the basis of legality, humanism, justice and democracy. At the same time, general principles are uniform for the entire system of social service, the widespread adherence to which makes this system integral and consistent:

The principle of the priority of state principles in organizing social services and guaranteeing the rights of citizens to receive social services and assistance in difficult life situations means that the state ensures individual rights, sovereignty, honor and freedom, protects it from all kinds of encroachments. It provides the social service system with the necessary materials, finances, personnel resources, determines the responsibilities of institutions, governing bodies and social service workers;

The principle of reliance on public participation means that the public component is an essential link in the operation and management of social services. Moreover, in cases where social services require social vocational training, public participation is possible only as an aid to the main subjects of this activity;

The principle of territoriality means that the social service is as close as possible to the population and therefore to the maximum extent available for direct use. This principle makes it possible to solve the problems of integrating departmental interests and opportunities for a comprehensive solution to the problems of social services, to preserve the diversity of activities with uniform goals;

The principle of awareness means that institutions and management bodies of the social service have the right to collect information, to receive, upon a reasoned request from state and public bodies information that is necessary for their functions and to help customers. The functions of managing the issues of social services to the population in the subordinate territory are carried out by the bodies of social protection of the population. They build their activities in cooperation with health authorities, public education, culture, physical education and sports, law enforcement agencies, government services for youth and employment and other government bodies, as well as with public, religious, charitable organizations and foundations.

In conclusion of the first chapter of this course work, the following conclusions can be drawn.

Scientific literature rarely uses such a concept as “social services for the population”. According to some scholars, in modern conditions social service is one of the areas of social work. Thus, social services are presented as an organizational form that characterizes the mentioned type of activity. Social services can be viewed as a system that includes certain methods on the basis of which social humanistic activities are carried out, which is aimed at solving the issues of social rehabilitation of individuals, their adaptation, as well as families and human society as a whole. Based on the foregoing, it is possible to characterize social services as a process consisting in the provision of certain specific services of a social nature, which serve to satisfy the needs that are necessary for the normal development of those people who are dependent on the help of others.

The implementation of social services takes place through social services... Social service is a basic concept included in the scope of the provision of social services. Social service can be considered as a system that includes state and non-state structures that carry out social work. These structures include specialized institutions that provide social services, as well as bodies that manage these institutions.

As an instrument of social work, the social service organizes activities aimed at social assistance and social protection of the population.

2. Characteristics of modern problems of social services

2.1 Problems of social services in modern Russia

Social services are an objective need of citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation. However, at present the level of efficiency of social services is not high enough. This is due to various factors, among which, first of all, economic. It is expressed in a lack of funding for the social services sector, which leads to a low quality of social services, their inaccessibility, a staff shortage of social workers, and poor material and technical equipment of social service institutions.

There are many problems in the field of social services for pensioners:

on the one hand, paid social services are slowly developing, and on the other, there is a danger of the absolutization of paid services, in comparison with the volume of paid services, the share of free services is decreasing;

the problem of priority for getting places in institutions remains acute (about 12 thousand people need social services in a hospital and about 100 thousand people - in non-stationary conditions);

an underdeveloped network of hospices, including home hospices;

the problem of financing institutions and services of social services is urgent. At the same time, in the near future, the demand for social services by senior citizens, primarily for objective reasons, will increase;

the work of existing social service institutions needs significant improvement, replenishment of specialists, improvement of the legal and material and technical base;

requires due attention to the problem of retraining and advanced training of specialists and service personnel in social service establishments of a new type.

To improve the social status of pensioners living in stationary social service institutions, it is planned to build and reconstruct these institutions. Gerontological centers, general boarding houses to be converted into gerontological centers, gerontopsychiatric centers, as well as inpatient institutions were selected as key objects.

Another obvious problem that complicates the interaction between the state and society in working with older people is the lack of information. For more successful activities It would be advisable for social protection bodies to have a database of public organizations working with older people and operating in the territory of their municipalities. The consistency and accessibility of this information at the regional and federal levels will improve intersectoral interaction, enrich public services with new ideas and approaches, and give public organizations the opportunity to disseminate their successful experience... Firsov M., Studenova E. Theory of social work: a textbook for university students. Publisher: Vlados, 2012

The next factor hindering the successful development of the institution of social services is the imperfection of legislation, its inconsistency and fragmentation, duplication of some acts by others. Often, there are no clearly formulated concepts of a particular type of social service. This creates difficulties in study and law enforcement practice.

IN Russian society a large number of people with signs of disability. It is no secret that the country has recently experienced a deterioration in the health of the nation, an aging society, unemployment, and poverty.

Obviously, in the area under consideration, solutions require solutions in two main areas: in the field of socio-economic development and legislative regulation.

Measures to reform social services are needed to address many of the issues. In particular, it is necessary to switch to a funded system in the field of social services - social insurance, when citizens, through personal contributions to the fund being formed, will be able to receive social services when they find themselves in a difficult life situation.

A measure that can change the financial situation is the creation of a state non-budgetary fund for social services, which will allow to concentrate existing receipts (tax and others), and in the future to spend them exclusively in the field of social services.

The next step can be the development of a non-state system of social services, in particular, strengthening the role of public organizations (trade unions, religious organizations, public funds, charitable organizations, etc.).

Reforming the social services sector, it is also necessary to pursue a policy of regional equalization in order to create an equal level of social services throughout the country. However, it is important to avoid an equalization approach and to apply individual measures to different regions.

One of the measures to improve the situation in the field of social services is to provide regions with the opportunity to search for additional non-standard solutions, for example, stimulating charitable activities, development of non-traditional forms of social services, such as a home sanatorium or a social service facility on wheels. Firsov M., Studenova E. Theory of social work: a textbook for university students. Publisher: Vlados, 2012

In the field of protection of persons with disabilities - one of the most vulnerable categories, it is necessary:

an increase in the volume and quality of manufactured prosthetic and orthopedic products, rehabilitation means;

an increase in the number of institutions specializing in such production;

equipping places for training disabled people in educational institutions, expanding the network of specialized educational institutions.

As part of improving legislation, it is necessary to adopt a codified act at the level of the law, regulating the main issues in the field of social services. This will help streamline and systematize the existing legislation on social services. Firsov M., Studenova E. Theory of social work: a textbook for university students. Publisher: Vlados, 2012

IN further work with legislative framework it is important to expand the subject composition of those in need, to move away from the concept of social services as an institution that regulates the relations of a narrow circle of subjects, only the elderly, the disabled and the poor.

2.2 Organization of social services in the Rostov region

The powers of the Government of the Rostov Region in the field of social services include:

Legal regulation and organization of social services in the Rostov region within the powers established by the Federal Law "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation";

Approval of state programs of the Rostov region in the field of social services and control over their implementation;

Determination of the public authority authorized to exercise the powers provided for by this Regional Law in the field of social services (hereinafter - the authorized body of the Rostov region in the field of social services);

Approval of the regulations for interdepartmental interaction of the executive authorities of the Rostov region in connection with the implementation of the powers of the Rostov region in the field of social services for citizens;

Approval of the procedure for the provision of social services by social service providers;

Establishment of the procedure for approval of tariffs for social services on the basis of per capita financing standards for social services;

Approval of the standards for the staffing of social service organizations under the jurisdiction of the authorized body of the Rostov region in the field of social services (hereinafter - the organization of social services of the Rostov region), standards for the provision of soft inventory and the area of living quarters when providing social services by these organizations;

Approval of food standards in social service organizations of the Rostov region;

Approval of the procedure for organizing the implementation of the regional state control(supervision) in the field of social services;

Approval of the amount of payment for the provision of social services and the procedure for its collection;

Establishment of the procedure for the implementation of state programs of the Rostov region in the field of social services, including investment programs;

Organization of support for socially oriented non-profit organizations, philanthropists and volunteers carrying out activities in the field of social services for citizens in the Rostov region in accordance with federal and regional laws;

Approval of the nomenclature of social service organizations for citizens in the Rostov region;

Establishment of the procedure for admitting citizens from among persons released from places of confinement, for whom, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, administrative supervision is established and who have partially or completely lost the ability to self-service, for social services in stationary social service organizations with special social services for citizens;

Determination of the amount and procedure for payment of compensation to the provider or providers of social services who are included in the register of providers of social services, but do not participate in the fulfillment of the state assignment (order), when a citizen receives social services from them, provided for by the individual program for the provision of social services;

Determination of other circumstances that are recognized as deteriorating or capable of worsening the living conditions of citizens.

The Government of the Rostov Region exercises other powers in the field of social services, attributed by the Federal Law "On the Fundamentals of Social Services to Citizens in the Russian Federation", other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation to the jurisdiction and powers of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise specified by this Regional Law, other regional laws, regulatory legal acts of the Governor of the Rostov Region or the Government of the Rostov Region. Regional law dated 03 September 2014 No. 222-ЗС "On social services for citizens in the Rostov region"

The powers of the authorized body of the Rostov region in the field of social services include:

Organization of social services in the Rostov region within the powers established by the Federal Law "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation";

Development and implementation of state programs of the Rostov region in the field of social services;

Coordination of the activities of social service providers, public organizations and other organizations operating in the field of social services for citizens in the Rostov region;

Implementation of regional state control (supervision) in the field of social services;

Formation and maintenance of the register of providers of social services and the register of recipients of social services;

Security free access to information about providers of social services, social services they provide, types of social services, terms, procedure and conditions for their provision, tariffs for these services, including through the media, including posting information on official sites in the information and telecommunications network "Internet" (hereinafter - the "Internet" network);

Keeping records and reporting in the field of social services in the Rostov region;

Development and implementation of measures for the formation and development of the social services market, including the development of non-governmental organizations for social services to citizens;

Providing assistance to citizens, public and other organizations in the implementation of public control in the field of social services;

Development and testing of methods and technologies in the field of social services;

Approval of the procedure for spending funds resulting from the collection of fees for the provision of social services for social service organizations in the Rostov region;

Organization vocational training, vocational education and additional professional education for employees of social service providers.

The authorized body of the Rostov region in the field of social services exercises other powers in the field of social services, assigned by the Federal Law "On the Fundamentals of Social Services to Citizens in the Russian Federation", other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation to the powers of a government body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, authorized to exercise the powers in the field of social services provided for by the Federal Law "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation", unless otherwise provided by this Regional Law, other regional laws, regulatory legal acts of the Governor of the Rostov Region or the Government of the Rostov Region. Regional law dated 03 September 2014 No. 222-ЗС "On social services for citizens in the Rostov region"

At the end of the second chapter of the course work, we can conclude that in Russia there are a number of rather acute problems associated with social services to the population.

First of all, these problems are related to the fact that the financing of this area from the state does not meet the needs of such categories of socially unprotected citizens as the disabled and pensioners. The solution to these problems is possible by stimulating charity in order to shift some of the issues of social services to the population from the shoulders of the state to private organizations. In order to stimulate the development of charity, it is necessary to adopt appropriate legislation that would give benefits to organizations engaged in charity in the field of social services to those in need.

Conclusion

Scientific literature rarely uses such a concept as “social services for the population”. According to some scientists, in modern conditions, social service is one of the areas of social work. Thus, social services are presented as an organizational form that characterizes the mentioned type of activity. Social services can be viewed as a system that includes certain methods on the basis of which social humanistic activities are carried out, which is aimed at solving the issues of social rehabilitation of individuals, their adaptation, as well as families and human society as a whole. Based on the foregoing, it is possible to characterize social services as a process consisting in the provision of certain specific services of a social nature, which serve to satisfy the needs that are necessary for the normal development of those people who are dependent on the help of others.

The implementation of social services takes place through social services. Social service is a basic concept included in the scope of the provision of social services. Social service can be considered as a system that includes state and non-state structures that carry out social work. These structures include specialized institutions that provide social services, as well as bodies that manage these institutions.

As an instrument of social work, the social service organizes activities aimed at social assistance and social protection of the population.

In Russia, there are a number of rather acute problems associated with social services for the population.

First of all, these problems are connected with the fact that the financing of this area from the state does not meet the needs of such categories of socially unprotected citizens as the disabled and pensioners. The solution to these problems is possible by stimulating charity in order to shift some of the issues of social services to the population from the shoulders of the state to private organizations. In order to stimulate the development of charity, it is necessary to adopt appropriate legislation that would give benefits to organizations engaged in charity in the field of social services to those in need.

The legislation in the Rostov region in the field of social services is based on the federal legislation in this area. The regional government and the governor pay increased attention to the provision of social services for people who need it.

List of used literature

1. Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2014) "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation"

2. Regional law dated 03 September 2014 No. 222-ЗС "On social services for citizens in the Rostov region"

3. Barker R. "Dictionary of Social Work." - Moscow. 2013 g.

4. Eruslanova R.I. "Technologies of social services for the elderly and disabled at home. Textbook" Publisher: Dashkov i K., 2012.

5. Zainyshev IG Technology of social work. Publisher: Vlados, 2012;

6. Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for the beginning. prof. education / M.N. Gulova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2012

7. Theory and methodology of social work: a textbook for students. wednesday prof. study. institutions / N.M. Platonov, G.F. Nesterova. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2011.

8. Firsov M., Studenova E. Theory of social work: a textbook for university students. Publisher: Vlados, 2012.

9. Khizhny N. State system social protection of citizens in Western Europe. Publisher: INION RAN, 2013.

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There are many problems in the field of social services for pensioners:

On the one hand, paid social services are slowly developing, and on the other, there is a danger that paid services will become absolute, compared to the volume of paid services, the share of free services is decreasing;

The problem of priority for getting places in institutions remains acute (about 12 thousand people need social services in a hospital setting and about 100 thousand people in non-stationary conditions);

The network of hospices is underdeveloped, including hospices at home;

The problem of financing the institutions and services of social services is urgent. At the same time, in the near future, the demand for social services by senior citizens, primarily for objective reasons, will increase;

The work of the existing institutions of social services needs significant improvement, in the replenishment of specialists, in the improvement of the legal and improvement of the material and technical base;

The problem of retraining and advanced training of specialists and service personnel in social service institutions of a new type requires due attention.

Another obvious problem that complicates the interaction between the state and society in working with older people is the lack of information. For a more successful activity of social protection bodies, it would be advisable to have a database of public organizations working with older people and operating on the territory of their municipalities. The consistency and availability of this information at the regional and federal levels will improve cross-sectoral interaction, enrich public services with new ideas and approaches, and give public organizations the opportunity to spread their successful experience.

In Russian society, there are a large number of people with signs of disability. It is no secret that the country has recently experienced a deterioration in the health of the nation, an aging society, unemployment, and poverty.

Obviously, in the area under consideration, solutions require solutions in two main areas: in the field of socio-economic development and legislative regulation.

One of the measures to improve the situation in the field of social services is to provide regions with the opportunity to find additional non-standard solutions, for example, stimulating charitable activities, developing non-traditional types of social services, such as a sanatorium at home or a social service institution on wheels.

In the field of protection of persons with disabilities - one of the most vulnerable categories, it is necessary:

Increase in the volume and quality of manufactured prosthetic and orthopedic products, rehabilitation means;

An increase in the number of institutions specializing in such production;

Equipping places for training disabled people in educational institutions, expanding the network of specialized educational institutions.

In further work with the legislative framework, it is important to expand the subject composition of those in need, to move away from the concept of social services as an institution that regulates the relations of a narrow circle of subjects, only the elderly, the disabled and the poor.

Modern researchers identify the main problems of the inhabitants of the megalopolis: poverty, misery, low level of material security of a part of the population.

2. Problems of pension provision for citizens of the Russian Federation as the main type of social security. The main problem here is the lack of stability in pension provision, due to the constant changes in pension legislation. In 2015, it was changed again. However, these changes, despite the fact that they are not economically and demographically justified, at the same time complicated the possibility of providing pensions to certain categories of citizens. In particular, the increase in the length of the insurance period, as a necessary condition for the appointment of a pension, puts in a difficult situation, for example, the inhabitants of rural areas, in which jobs are not created and the population lives on "subsidiary farming" or temporary earnings.

3. Problems of staffing in assessing the quality of social services for the elderly and disabled (lack of awareness, low level of competence of staff of institutions for assessing the quality of social services);

4. Problems of organizing the assessment of the quality of social services (there is no exchange of experience by public councils of other social service institutions; the difficulty of explaining to clients, due to their age and health, why the system of payment for social services is changing now; financial and human costs in monitoring the assessment of the quality of social services. services opinion polls on the problem of quality assessment);

The problem of insufficiently effective monitoring of elderly people in need of social assistance should be identified. Not all elderly people turn to social welfare authorities to receive social services. Moreover, this problem has a connection with the prevention of difficult life situations in which older people find themselves. In order for both preventive and corrective measures of social protection to be effective, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive studies of the urgent problems of the elderly population of the country (in relation to each subject of Russia, monitoring should be carried out by the appropriate territorial bodies).

As for the organizational aspect of such monitoring, in this case it is necessary to build on the concept of "social risks" to which older people are exposed. In other words, in order to prevent a decrease in the quality of life of older people and provide them with effective social support, it is necessary to continuously investigate the social risks of older people, the frequency and pattern of their manifestation, and develop appropriate social mechanisms for their elimination (suitable social services).

There is a problem of insufficient connection between social services and the problem of ensuring a high quality of life for the elderly. Unfortunately, most of the measures taken within the framework of social protection of the elderly are aimed at eliminating the fact and consequences of a difficult life situation that does not allow an elderly person to lead a normal life. We believe that in addition to the corrective activity of social services, it is necessary to stimulate both preventive and provisional, within the framework of which effective measures will be taken to improve the quality of life of older people in Russia.

Thirdly, it remains ambiguous last change in the legislative support of the institution of social services for the elderly. The 2015 reform (the introduction of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ "On the Basics of Social Services for Citizens in the Russian Federation") assumes that the state will be the customer of social services, while the executors can become commercial organizations.

On the one hand, this will contribute to improving the quality of social services at home, since commercial organizations have great financial opportunities due to a relatively free budget. But, on the other hand, the active participation of business units in the institution of social services can lead to its commercialization. This will be an extremely unfavorable consequence: older people, as a rule, do not have the necessary amount of funds to ensure an adequate level of quality of life today, and with an increase in needs for funds, they will become completely unable to meet their needs.

Despite the merits of the new Federal Law on the Fundamentals of Social Services for Citizens, indicated in the letter of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated 05.02.2014 No. 12-5 / 10 / B-547 "On the direction of information under the Federal Law dated 28.12.2013 No. 442-FZ" On the fundamentals of social services to citizens in the Russian Federation ", the adopted legislative act has a serious flaw in the form of a flaw in the concept of" social support ".

On the one hand, the provisions on social support seem to fit into the mainstream of the decision adopted at a meeting of the State Council of the Russian Federation, dedicated to the policy in the field of family, motherhood and childhood, by the President of the Russian Federation (changing the vector of development of family policy from taking care of those who find themselves in a difficult life situation and needs social protection, towards creating conditions for increasing the level and quality of life of an ordinary, ordinary Russian family, its social prestige, work to combat the causes of problems), since they are aimed at preventing circumstances that determine the need for citizens in social services. On the other hand, the introduced changes on social support directly contradict the change in the vector of family policy, since they may entail targeted interference in the affairs of Russian families, including well-to-do families.

Based on the study, it is possible to formulate a number of conclusions and proposals for the development of social support for the population, the solution of which may affect the result of modernization of the social support system. In our opinion, such a system should have the following targets:

1. Creation different types social insurance and an extensive social infrastructure that allows the citizens of the state to provide a wide range of social services.

2. Construction of insurance systems on a professional basis and taking into account regional specificities that take into account the nature of social risks as much as possible and ensure an accurate calculation of financial resources necessary and sufficient to fulfill insurance obligations for specific types of social risks and do not allow hidden redistribution.

3. Increasing personal responsibility for creating conditions for one's life, which consists in the obligatory payment by the employee of insurance premiums for certain types of social insurance.

4. Implementation of social insurance mainly by those insurance organizations that are not directly dependent on the state.

5. Development of mechanisms for self-government of insurance institutions

Conclusion

Thus, social services for citizens is an integral part of social security and plays a significant role in minimizing the adverse consequences of the onset of social risks for citizens. This is not only an opportunity to urgently receive assistance in the form of food, clothing, and other essentials, but also the provision of temporary accommodation, the provision of psychological, legal aid and the possibility of receiving other social services.

In the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On the Fundamentals of Social Services to the Population in the Russian Federation", social work as a theory of the middle level is designed to ensure the effectiveness of social services for the population. At the same time, the effectiveness of social services is largely determined by the level of professional specialists, their ability to work with a person - a specific person or a group of people.

Social support currently plays an important role, since the person (family) who applied for it needs urgent help and full integration into society, which is hampered by material and other difficulties. The task of the specialists providing this assistance is not just the provision of material assistance, consultations, the provision of personal services, but the activation of the client's internal potential and his direction to resolve life's difficulties. The adoption of the law significantly expands the range of possibilities with the help of which it is possible to achieve this. For example, an incomplete family consisting of a mother and a child and in need of material support, according to the new law, can count not only on providing household help, but also on providing a nanny who will look after the child during the absence of the mother. More importantly, social services (if the child preschool age) in case of interdepartmental interaction, they will help to arrange a child in a kindergarten, and for a mother - to find a place of work.

Such measures will make social services more efficient, since the activities of social workers will be aimed not at one-time provision of services, but at providing such assistance that will help the recipient to cope with life's difficulties on their own in the future.

Further development of issues to improve the provision of medical care citizens who are in stationary social service organizations will be carried out within the framework of the implementation of the Action Strategy in the interests of citizens of the older generation in the Russian Federation until 2025, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 5, 2016 No. 164-r, which provides for the creation of a geriatric service as unified system long-term medical care due to the continuity of patient management by different levels of the health care system, as well as by health and social services.

The problematic aspects of the development of social services currently include:

1. Problems of the organization of compulsory social insurance as a source of funds for social security. They are connected with the fact that the number of types of compulsory social insurance in Russia is very large, which places a very heavy burden on the budget. On the other hand, they cannot be abandoned, since this violates the obligations assumed by the state. Changing the compulsory social insurance system for the better is possible through its qualitative reform, which is seen through the gradual denationalization of the compulsory insurance system and the introduction of mutual insurance principles into it.

Based on the requirements of No. 442-FZ "On the basics of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation" strategic goal center is the creation of conditions for a full and dignified life for elderly citizens and disabled people. Its achievement is envisaged through:

1. Increasing the efficiency and quality of the provision of social services to their recipients, first of all, keeping them for the longest possible stay in the usual favorable social conditions;

2. Implementation of a set of measures aimed at maintaining and strengthening health, promoting healthy way life among the elderly and disabled;

3. Creation of conditions for prolongation of their active longevity.

Challenges in implementing volunteerism in budgetary institutions social services for the population. Kovaleva A.V., Pavlova O.A. St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution of Social Services for the Population "Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Frunzensky District of St. Petersburg", St. Petersburg, Russia

annotation

The article discusses the regulatory framework for the introduction of volunteerism and the problem of attracting volunteers in budgetary institutions of social services to the population.

Keywords:social service institutions, charity, volunteering, regulatory framework, roadmap.

One of the most pressing issues in the organization of social services in the present stage is the organization of work with benefactors and volunteers to provide social services to the needy categories of the population. The theme of charity and volunteering has been developed since the approval of the Concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period of 2020, approved by the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2008 No. 1662-r. Clause 8 of the Concept "Development of social institutions and social policy" indicates the need for modernization and development of the social services sector in order to implement the strategic goals of the concept.

The long-term policy of social support for the population includes, as one of the priority areas of development, the sector of non-governmental non-profit organizations in the provision of social services, which in turn involves the promotion of the practice of charitable activities of citizens and organizations, as well as the spread of volunteerism.

The regulatory framework for the development of charity and volunteerism was the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 06/08/2016 No. 1144-r "On the action plan (" road map ")" Support for the access of non-governmental organizations to the provision of services in social sphere"". In this Order the necessary steps for the development of volunteerism are outlined:

description best practices attracting volunteers and volunteer organizations by state and municipal institutions and training guidelines for their replication (clause 22 of the Plan).
development and approval of a concept for the development of volunteerism in the social sphere until 2020 and an action plan for its implementation (deadline: June 2017) (paragraph 24 of the Plan).

Clause 22 is implemented by the letter of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia dated November 29, 2016 N 36550-OF / D01 and “On teaching materials to attract and organize volunteers and volunteer organizations by state and municipal institutions. "

Clause 24 is implemented by the Draft Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On approval of the Concept for the development of volunteering (volunteering) in the Russian Federation until 2025 (prepared by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia on June 26, 2017).

In the Order of the Government of St. Petersburg dated April 10, 2013 N 25-rp "On the action plan (" road map ")" Improving the efficiency and quality of services in the field of social services for the population in St. Petersburg for 2013-2018 ", as and in the "road maps" of other regions, the need to develop the possibility of attracting volunteers is also affirmed in order to ensure the availability, significantly increase the efficiency and quality of the provision of services to the population of St. Petersburg in the field of social services to the population.

Despite the need to develop the organization of work with volunteers specified in the legislative acts, social service institutions in their practice faced with the lack of a regulatory framework that allows both to involve volunteers in the provision of social services, and to organize legal grounds volunteer work in the field.

So, for example, there are no standard forms of provisions on volunteering, forms of agreements with volunteers, agreements on liability, etc. Duty to develop data, legal documents, as a rule, is entrusted to the institution itself, involving volunteers in its work to provide citizens with social services. Thus the organization falls into a certain area of legal risk a, which is an argument in favor of not working with volunteers.

The next problematic issue faced by institutions is volunteer search and verification question: his competence, qualifications, practical skills, available documents, medical contraindications and training passed. Institutions of social services for the population themselves cannot receive all the necessary information about a potential volunteer who has applied. Thus, organizations are forced to take risks for the actions of a given volunteer to myself. Therefore, volunteers are not involved so often and, as a rule, for one-time events with the participation of representatives of the organization: educators, cultural organizers, social work specialists.

But if, nevertheless, volunteers are involved in social care institutions for families and children, despite the existing problems of interaction, then in social service institutions for elderly citizens this is very problematic, since visits to recipients of social services or various volunteer assistance to recipients of social services in the form of home, can only be carried out in the presence social worker who is responsible for the elderly person he serves and the quality of social services provided to him, which places an additional burden on the social worker. An outsider, such as a volunteer, cannot be recruited to work on his own. There are no guidelines or model list services that volunteers can perform in social service organizations, and, accordingly, be responsible for the quality of the provision of these services while not performing the functions of the organization's employees provided for by the law on social services and the departmental list of social services.

As a result, we can conclude that today social service organizations, which are in a strict legislative framework, controlled by the authorities at various levels are not ready for the massive involvement of volunteers in the provision of social services to the population.

Links to sources

Federal Law "On Charitable Activities and charities"Dated 11.08.1995 No. 135-FZ (as amended on 05.05.2014)
The concept of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 (approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2008 N 1662-r)
Draft Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On approval of the Concept for the development of volunteering (volunteering) in the Russian Federation until 2025" (prepared by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia on June 26, 2017)
Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 8, 2016 No. 1144-r "On the action plan (" road map ")" Support for the access of non-governmental organizations to the provision of services in the social sphere "
Order of the Government of St. Petersburg dated 10.04.2013 N 25-rp "On the Action Plan (" road map ")" Improving the efficiency and quality of services in the field of social services for the population in St. Petersburg for 2013-2018 "