What do you need to organize SP. How to open a grocery store, or A competent business plan is the key to success. Immediate Profit Expectation

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Hello! Today we'll talk about how to start your own business and how to become an entrepreneur. As a rule, this is what people who strive for independence want. Creation own business provides a number of advantages, especially when compared to regular employment. But to start, you need to carefully weigh everything, assess your capabilities and think over the details as much as possible.

Let's analyze where you can start a business if the capital is minimal, or how to start a business without initial capital:

If you have knowledge, experience in any field of activity, you can use them as a platform to launch your project;
You need to understand that running your business is hard work. Doing nothing and getting millions will not work;
To establish the whole process, they will have to deal with them 24 hours a day.

Let's compare a business without start-up capital investments and with start-up investments. For clarity, we will present in the form of a table:

Criterion	Business without capital investment	Capital investment business
1. Costs of funds at the start of the project	Absent
2.Costs monthly	Absent	Present in significant numbers
3 the complexity of the organization	Low	Average, high level
4. The presence of competition	High level	High level
5 payback	With the receipt of the first income	Takes a long time
6. Level of demand	High	High

The level of potential risk is also clear from the table: if there were no investments, the maximum that you can lose this time and effort. With significant financial investments, the risks are high: you can lose not only your capital, but also other people's funds.

How to get funds for business development

Invest your savings. By the way, it is considered the safest and most reliable option;
Getting a loan from a bank. It is possible if there is something to provide as collateral to the bank. Without this condition, lending will be refused. A loan can be taken for uncertain purposes and for business development. A deposit is required in either case;
Borrow from friends or family. If you are confident of success and the amount required is small, why not. If the business does not meet the expectations, there will be nothing to repay the debt, relations with loved ones will definitely deteriorate. Based on this, it is easier to get a loan;
Find an investor. This may be one person who is interested in your project or organization as a whole;
Find a partner who will invest his money in the development of the business;
Start at a minimum (release of one unit of goods or provision of services to only one customer);
Apply for a government subsidy (more on this below);
Raise money through crowdfunding. This is a collection of money from the population in any amount. For example, a fundraiser is announced for the release of a new album for a famous vocal group. Anyone can make an investment.

All the above tips will allow you to get the right amount of money in an affordable, and most importantly, legal way.

Where to start your business

A person who decided to start his own business evokes ambivalent feelings: someone considers him desperate and insane, while someone admires courage and determination.

There are many sources in which you can get information on starting your own business (take, for example, our website How to earn.ru), you just need to use them correctly in order to get the maximum practical benefit.

Let's take a closer look at the steps to be taken to become a successful entrepreneur.

Step 1. Development of a business idea

Any business begins with the fact that someone has an idea to do it. The main thing - . Experienced entrepreneurs say that in order to formulate an idea, they write 10 variants that appeared in their heads on a regular piece of paper. Then they describe the advantages and disadvantages of each option.

But you can just go to the section and find an idea for yourself.

Step 2. Selecting a market segment

Choosing the right market niche is very important for a budding entrepreneur. At the initial stages of business development, you should not choose services or goods that are not widely known. But you need to prepare for big competition. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the market will not hurt to choose your place on it.

Step 3. Business plan

Having a carefully thought out and formulated one allows you to evaluate your capabilities, as well as analyze what you can get in the near future and what in the long term.

The main points of the business plan

Description of the main activity;
Planned result;
The likelihood of losing money;
Economic analysis;
Business development stages;
The time allotted for each stage;
Calculation of one-time and recurring costs;
Planned end result (what is planned to be done when the result is achieved).

Step 4. Business registration

When the decision on the activity is made, the business plan is drawn up, you need to go through the procedure or (companies with limited liability). a slightly more laborious process than opening an IP.

Package required documents includes:

Original or photocopy of the passport in good quality;
Original or photocopy of TIN;
Tax registration document;
Selection statement.

You can go through the procedure in person or contact specialists who deal with similar issues.

Also for conducting business you may need.

IE is the most famous form at the moment, which allows you to carry out entrepreneurial activities. This is mainly due to the ease of registration, which is available to any citizen.

There are advantages and disadvantages in opening an IP, this is normal and is present in any business.

Positive aspects of opening an IP:

Simple registration procedure;
All activities are under the control of the entrepreneur, he also decides when to stop it;
It is not necessary to involve an accountant to keep records;
All profit is the property of the entrepreneur, he has the right to dispose of it at will. The main thing is to pay taxes on time.

Disadvantages of IP:

In the event of debts on obligations, the entrepreneur is liable with all his property. This must be remembered even at the stage of organizing a business. If you plan to develop your business in the trade sphere, in case of default on credit obligations, compulsory forms of debt repayment can be applied;
Regular inspections by regulatory authorities (tax service, etc.);
Lack of profit (it is impossible to predict whether the activity will bring good profit);
The entrepreneur is obliged to make regular contributions to the Pension Fund;
An individual entrepreneur cannot sell a business;
Biased attitude towards the form itself: many businessmen refuse to cooperate with individual entrepreneurs simply because they consider this form of activity to be frivolous. It is clear that this is a delusion, but it has a place to be;
Often there are situations when individual entrepreneurs are not allowed to participate in the tender;
carried out in accordance with the standards applicable to.

An analysis of the above pros and cons will allow a novice entrepreneur to more responsibly choose the form of registration, this will save time, nerves and money.

Step 5. Selection of equipment and premises

In order to choose the right premises, we have prepared a number of articles for you:

Once you've decided on where to do your business, the next step is to purchase the right equipment. The costs will directly depend on the chosen area. For instance:

If you open point of sale, you need equipment for trade (refrigeration, scales, etc.);
If planned own production, a whole line of equipment is needed;
If the business is conducted on the Internet, everything is easier. But if you need a warehouse to store goods.

Step 6. Advertising and business promotion issues

These issues require serious attention and investment. Attracting as many clients as possible is the main task of any business. To expand customer base, you need competent advertising.

Online business also requires website development and optimization to keep the business going.

Promotion plays a big role. In order for a client to tell his surroundings about you, he must be pleasantly surprised, give him more than he expected to receive. For example, a discount on a product or service, a small gift.

It was mentioned above about state support for aspiring entrepreneurs. Next, how to get it and how to use it correctly.

Governmental support

In our country, there are several types of state support for entrepreneurship. Namely:

Allocation of subsidies;
Holding exhibitions and fairs;
Free consulting on various issues;
Assistance in renting a plot or premises for an enterprise.

Let's briefly describe each option.

Allocation of subsidies- the most relevant type of state aid. There are two types of subsidies: those who have just planned to start their own business, and those who want to modernize production, develop an existing business to a new level.

In the first case, you have to prove that your business will bring tangible benefits to the region, that all the risks have been calculated. In the second case, already established entrepreneurs receive reimbursement of part of the costs incurred (for the payment of loans, lease payments, etc.).

In any case, not only the prospects of the chosen direction are taken into account, but also the priority for the entire region. Priority is given to: Agriculture, medicine, education, new technologies, cultural sphere.

Assistance in renting a plot or premises for an enterprise is not free, but it is more profitable financially than renting from private individuals. Preferential terms are provided that allow you to save money.

Holding exhibitions and fairs- provision of free retail space aspiring entrepreneurs. It allows you to reduce advertising costs, exchange experiences, and establish business contacts.

Free consultations- assistance in solving specific issues that sooner or later every novice entrepreneur will face. You can ask questions to lawyers, economists, labor and employment specialists.

Note to the entrepreneur: The state provides support on the basis of strict accountability for each amount spent.

How to Become a Successful Entrepreneur

It is unlikely that anyone will accurately answer this question. They become successful businessmen by putting in a lot of effort, working almost round the clock, earning invaluable experience and knowledge. Everyone goes their own way to success.

Everyone has mistakes, but they are part of the journey. The main thing is to work to prevent them all the time.

Common mistakes aspiring entrepreneurs make

Start a business just because you think your idea is brilliant. Your idea should be appreciated potential buyers and clients, not yourself;
Starting a business without market analysis. Why it is needed has already been discussed earlier;
Start without knowledge in the planned area of doing business. An illustrative example: to open a workshop for the production of parts for machine tools, knowing nothing about machine tools;
Expect millions of dollars in earnings in the first months after opening (a business requires patience and time);
Do everything yourself: to cope with all the tasks alone is simply unrealistic. If you plan to do business for a long time, you will have to hire employees. Nice staff- is not heavy expenses, but an investment!
Starting a business without a clear business plan. Bad idea, to put it mildly. You yourself will not have a complete picture of your activities and what goals you set;
Wrong prioritization. Customers are our top priority. If they are, the whole process will be adjusted;
Lack of desire to learn and improve. Learn constantly, learn new things, broaden your horizons;
There is no general interest in the area in which business is planned. Simply put: don't open a hockey school if you don't like hockey;
Healthy tenacity is missing. Many companies have collapsed only because management refused to grapple with a flood of problems.

Business is a struggle, often with oneself and one's own shortcomings.

Ideas for starting your own business

This is not a complete list of business ideas that a budding entrepreneur can take on. There are many of them. Find your idea and implement it.

Personal qualities of a successful entrepreneur

We figured out the question of how to become an entrepreneur. The idea for creating a business from scratch has already been chosen, an ideal business plan in all respects has been drawn up, but in addition to all this, you need to have something else important. Namely, certain personal qualities. What, we will find out now.

Decisive character. Be prepared to take on the role of a leader who can be held accountable for what he says and does. It is important to learn how to make difficult decisions, listen to the opinions and advice of others, but leave the final decision to yourself;
Ability to come up with new things and think outside the box. A share of adventurism is needed, but within reasonable limits. In doing so, do not forget that courage and recklessness are two different things;
Love for the chosen business. If your eyes do not burn with you, you will not attract other people with your ideas;
Speed of reaction and ability to act in difficult situations. Always useful, especially in business. It is impossible to predict everything, but if necessary, improvisation can help out;
Do not lie. There is no need to deceive yourself, employees, clients. Do not set unrealistic deadlines, do not try to sell something that does not exist;
Don't half-do things. But manage your time wisely;
Ability to be flexible. It is not necessary to strictly adhere to the initial plan if the actual situation does not correspond to it. Flexibility is valued more than excessive stubbornness and the desire to be right in everything;
Intuition. There are times when she helps out better than logical deductions;
Introspection. It allows you to avoid many mistakes, correct old ones and not make new ones.

The above list can be continued. By developing these qualities, you can improve not only your life, but also significantly promote your business. Over time, you will mark the most important for yourself and start their intensive development.

Personal qualities are largely responsible for the success of the whole business. Studies have shown that the main driving force for many is the need to realize themselves in what they love. An active life position should become a common feature those who strive for success in any field.

In general, you need to be able to combine personal qualities with business people, benefit from both. Since any entrepreneurial activity is fraught with risks, you need to be firmly confident in the correctness of your actions and future success.

To achieve success in your business, you need to correctly combine the acquired experience with natural inclinations. This will allow you to move faster towards the set goal and achieve it within a reasonable time frame.

Trainings for those who want to start their own business

The main tasks of the conduct:

Teach business communication skills;
Develop the ability to resist competitors;
To acquaint those who want to start their own business with the peculiarities of the application of economic and legal norms;
To present various methods of solving problems arising in the process of work.

It is often suggested to analyze the realities of the market in a playful way. Anyone can attend such events, regardless of whether you are running your own business or just planning to open it.

Training courses often allow not only gaining the necessary knowledge, but also gaining self-confidence, which is so often lacking. Largely thanks to them, you can avoid a lot of gross mistakes in running your business.

Concerning financial issue, you don't always need to pay for attending trainings. Often free classes are held or the organizers provide bonuses and discounts for attendance.

Conclusion

Now you know how to start your own business! And at the end of the article, I would like to say: if you want to become a successful entrepreneur, change your worldview, surround yourself with people who have achieved success in business.

Take action, but do not follow completely and completely someone else's recipes for success. Only through work on yourself, on your mistakes, you can achieve the desired result. Remember how it reads folk wisdom: "A rolling stone gathers no moss".

Nobody is born an entrepreneur. They become, sometimes by trial and error. If the thought of starting your own business haunts you, leave your doubts and move forward! And we will help you with this in every possible way on the pages of our site!

You have decided to start your own business: you have an idea, a plan and agreements with investors. It would seem that all that remains is to take and do. But the most unpleasant thing begins - the paperwork. We have compiled a checklist that will help you. Follow the steps in order, and you will register the IP yourself.

How much does it cost to open an individual entrepreneur in 2020

free of charge if you submit documents electronically, through the MFC or a notary;
800 rubles, if you submit documents in person;
1,000-1,500 rubles - for a notary, if you submit documents by mail or through a representative. When you visit the tax office in person, you do not need to certify the application with the notarus.

Step 1: Choose your taxation system

Decide in advance how you will pay taxes in order to submit an application for choosing a taxation system along with the registration documents.

Now in Russia there are 6 taxation systems. We recommend paying attention to the STS, UTII and patent. They are designed specifically for small businesses to reduce tax burden and simplify bookkeeping.

Step 2: Determine your type of activity according to OKVED

In the documents for registration as an individual entrepreneur, you must indicate the activity code according to the OKVED directory. Identify a few codes that you are or will be doing.

Step 3: Prepare documents for registration of an individual entrepreneur in the tax

To register an individual entrepreneur, you will need the following documents:

Passport with photocopy or its notarized copy.
Application for state registration. If you send documents by mail or submit through a representative, certify the application with a notary.
Receipt for payment of the state duty of 800 rubles.
Copy of TIN certificate. If it is not there, then the TIN will be assigned to you during the registration process.
Power of attorney for a representative, if someone will hand over documents for you.
Notification for the application of the simplified tax system, if you have chosen this taxation system. Prepare two copies. One will be taken by the tax office, and on the second they will put a mark on the acceptance of the application.

Step 4: Submit documents to the tax office, MFC or electronically

The second way to apply for registration as an entrepreneur is through the MFC (multifunctional center of public services). There are such centers in every region. Call the MFC in advance and check if they accept registration documents. Not everyone does this. The MFC in Moscow accepts documents only if there is a residence permit in the Basmanny district.

If you can't come in person, send the documents to the tax office by mail in a valuable letter or submit through a representative using a power of attorney. But before that, certify the application and a copy of your passport with a notary.

The tax office will give you a receipt for the documents. Save it, you will need it when you pick up the IP registration documents.

Electronically

What to do after registering an individual entrepreneur

... For 7 lessons, he will help you figure out how, when and what reports to submit, how to draw up documents, how to properly receive money from clients.
Get a year in Elba as a gift - a web service that calculates taxes and helps you submit reports via the Internet. For entrepreneurs without an accountant and accounting knowledge. We present to young individual entrepreneurs who are under 3 months old a year of service on the Premium tariff. This is the most complete tariff: it includes calculating taxes and reporting for individual entrepreneurs and employees, preparing documents for transactions, working with goods and consulting an accountant.

For every extraordinary person, endowed with the ability to make money in a different way than the majority of officially employed, society mercilessly puts pressure on. This is because “it’s not accepted in our country”, “everyone works - and you work,” “you will be left without a pension, you will be provided with a hungry old age,” and so on. A way out of the situation is possible: opening an individual entrepreneur, that is, registering with a tax authority as an individual entrepreneur. The length of service in this case will run from the date of registration, and social guarantees for a comfortable old age are provided. Ideal for freelancers.

The opening of an individual entrepreneur is also relevant for those people who already have an official place of work: the status of a legal entity gives new opportunities for business and allows you to additionally attract third-party capital from investors. There are many advantages, and for each type of activity, for each individual entrepreneur, they are different.

We present you with step-by-step instructions for opening an IP from scratch.

A package of documents for opening an individual entrepreneur

By the way, about the types of activities. The OKVED classifier contains them full list, and before writing an application, you will need to familiarize yourself with it and choose several types "for yourself". It is better to choose several, with a future perspective. This foresight will help you save money: in the future, when you add (change) OKVED codes, you will be obliged to pay the state duty. The very first OKVED, chosen by you, must correspond to the main type of activity, the rest - additional or related. If in doubt, you can consult a specialist.

Correct choice of OKVED- this is not a simple formality: there are a number of activities for which an entrepreneur can be provided with some preferential conditions for his business activities. Therefore, it is in your best interest to approach this matter responsibly.

The application is filled in on the P21001 form (you can take it from the tax office or download it on the Internet). Your personal data and OKVED codes selected in advance are entered there. If you submit the application yourself (not by mail or through a trusted person), then the signature at the notary may not be certified, although in order to avoid mistakes when filling out (and there may be many of them, despite the seeming simplicity of the document), it is recommended to contact this specialist... It will cost several hundred rubles: quite an acceptable price in exchange for ensuring that the application is received the first time. Copies of all pages of the passport should also be certified there.

The state duty for opening an individual entrepreneur is now 800 rubles. This payment can be made at any branch of the bank, the main thing is not to lose the receipt. So, what includes the package of documents submitted to the tax office:

Application for registration of individual entrepreneurs;
Copies of all pages of the passport (including blank ones);
Copy of TIN (if any);
Receipt for payment of a contribution to the treasury, that is, state duty.

If you do not have a TIN, then in parallel you can apply for registration, although usually this document do when the registration of the individual entrepreneur is already underway (within 5 days after the submission of the corresponding application), or even after the end of registration. This point can be clarified with the employee of the tax inspection.

Application for registration of individual entrepreneurs

Please note: you need to submit documents to the IFTS according to your registration address, that is, taking into account the territorial affiliation of the tax. Otherwise, your application will be rejected and you will lose time.

So, the reasons for refusing to register an individual entrepreneur:

The wrong body of the Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service has been selected;
Incorrectly drafted documents;
Not the entire package of documents is presented;
From the day you were declared bankrupt (according to the previous type economic activity) one year has not yet passed;
The prohibition imposed on the conduct by you is in force entrepreneurial activity by the court.

In addition, for a person who has not reached the age of majority, there must be an opinion from the court or guardianship authorities, indicating that he has achieved a state of full legal capacity. The marriage of a person under 18 years of age is also considered a condition for providing the opportunity to open an individual entrepreneur.

In all other cases, subject to consultation with a notary on filling out an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur, you are guaranteed a positive answer. The term for registration of an individual entrepreneur in the tax office is five working days. You will receive two documents: OGRNIP and EGRIP plus TIN, if an application has been submitted. They can be handed over to you either personally or by postal mail at your place of residence. Better, of course, to pick up such securities yourself.

Registration of an individual entrepreneur in the tax

Next, you will need to decide on the taxation system. Many individual entrepreneurs choose the simplified tax system (simplified tax system), but note that since 2013 it has been called the patent taxation system. If you plan to work closely with companies that take into account VAT in prices, then you better choose the OCH (main system). Then the income tax will not be 6%, as in the case of the "simplified", but 13%. Plus property tax, personal income tax, VAT and other deductions. However, if you plan on hiring more than 15 employees, OCH cannot be avoided. UTII ("imputation") is now rarely used, this issue is resolved in the bodies of the municipality.

If you choose the simplified tax system, and at the same time your expenses (according to estimates) will be 60% of income or more, then it makes sense to choose a tax not 6%, but 5-15%. Then the rate will be calculated individually and multiplied not by the amount of profit, but by the difference between income and expenses. On this issue, it makes sense to consult with an economist.

Choosing a taxation system other than OCH, which is applied by default, you will need to write an appropriate application, and within a few days the procedure will be completed. You will then acquire tax reporting obligations as part of your business.

Registration of an individual entrepreneur with the FIU and the FSS

After receiving the relevant documents, you will need to contact the pension fund. The tax office will inform you about the "birth" of a new entrepreneur immediately, but you will need to come in order to clarify the amount of mandatory monthly insurance premiums, which will exactly ensure your retirement future. To obtain the required details, you will need copies of the following documents:

OGRN;
EGRIP;
SNILS;
The passport.

If you hire employees (become an official employer), then additionally the PF provides labor contract, work book and SNILS (payer's certificate), and in addition, you will also have to register with the FSS. You can register with the FSS (social insurance) even if you personally need a vacation, maternity leave or sick leave. In short, registration with the FSS provides additional social guarantees. Contributions to both the Pension Fund and the FSS can be paid either every month, or immediately deposit the amount for the entire year. The staff will help you calculate it. The total payment is usually just over 1,000 rubles.

Do you need an individual entrepreneur current account?

Additionally, you will have to register with Rosstat. This will also take a maximum of several days, and at the end of the procedure you will receive an extract that you will need to present to the bank when opening a current account (p / s) of an individual entrepreneur. P / s is not a prerequisite for registering an individual entrepreneur, however, if you plan to receive significant amounts from counterparties within the framework of one contract, the law obliges you to this formality. And it will be more convenient for you. After opening a bank account, you will be connected to the client-bank service for convenient payments (and their acceptance) by bank transfer.

How much does it cost to open an IP?

If you do everything yourself, then the cost of registering an individual entrepreneur will not exceed more than 2,000 rubles, including state duty and overhead costs (notary, photocopies, etc.). If you open a bank account, then add another 800 rubles. A simple seal without a coat of arms will cost 300 rubles.

If you contact an office that will do everything for you, then opening an individual entrepreneur will cost you 5000-7000 tr.

It is done

After all the formalities are settled, you can safely begin to exercise your rights as an individual entrepreneur, not forgetting, however, about your responsibilities. Tax reporting in the case of choosing the STS, it is quite possible to conduct independently, the same applies to UTII, but entrepreneurs usually hire an accountant to work on the main system. Depending on the selected system, the duration of the reporting period may be different: once a month, once a quarter or once a year.

Video recording about step-by-step registration as an individual entrepreneur:

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The information is relevant for those who are planning to open a store in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other CIS countries and the world. All the features of launching an enterprise are universal for different directions.

In this article, we answer the following questions:

How to open a store from scratch and how much does it cost?
Which new shop profitable to open?
Where to start, what do you need, how to draw up documents and equip the store?
How to attract buyers and get a stable profit?

: Finding a market niche

Winning option- choose the type of products related to your professional skills or hobbies.

For example, a person who understands technology will be able to organize its sale, correctly assess the needs of customers and know how to present this product. Beauty and fashion stores are traditionally run by women who are passionate about beauty and style. It is easier to form an assortment and set up work with those things that you understand.

If you approach the choice of direction purely for reasons of commerce, then you should open an enterprise of any type that is in demand in a certain place. If there is no place to buy pasta in a residential area after nine in the evening, the best solution is your own 24-hour grocery store.

The nuances of opening a store, or factors to consider when choosing a market niche:

1. Seasonality of the business. Many types of goods sell better in a certain season (winter clothing, some sporting goods, etc.). Decide on the seasonality of your business and think in advance about ways to get money in the "off-season".

2. Competition. When deciding on the type of product, it is important to choose a location without direct competitors nearby. Or offer the buyer something that the competitor does not have.

For example, adjacent to expensive boutiques in a shopping center, it is worth offering a good range of youth clothing and accessories at a low price.

A grocery store near a supermarket cannot survive with the usual assortment. Better to specialize in selling confectionery, meat, household essentials, etc., that is, to narrow your niche.

3. Be very careful with ideas., which have no analogues. On the one hand, such a business, in the absence of competitors, will receive the maximum profit. On the other hand, the lack of competition may mean that such products are not in demand.

Step 2: store name

It is necessary to start preparing for the opening with the name. This is a trifle that should be taken care of in advance. When making a business plan and planning expenses, be sure to consider the sign. And its cost directly depends on the name.

The main requirement- the adequacy and attractiveness of the name. It should explain to passers-by what is being sold inside. If you want to take the original name, then add a specialization to it (grocery, construction, clothing, etc.)

Step 3: Business plan

If you are not sure whether it is worth spending the time on this, drop all doubts. This is a step-by-step guide on how to open your store, plus an extra opportunity to look at the business from the outside: assess the risks and benefits.

Mandatory points of the business plan

Summary(where the company is located, what it does);
Market and competitor analysis;
Organizational moments(registration of the enterprise, obtaining the necessary permits and licenses);
Marketing plan(how you will drive sales, what kind of advertising to use to attract and retain customers);
Assortment and pricing(what categories of goods will be presented, their cost, brands);
Production plan(arrangement of premises, communications, division into zones);
Technical base(equipment, manufacturers from whom it is profitable to buy);
Organizational plan(personnel and work schedule, salary level);
Potential risks and how to deal with them. This paragraph implies a description of the "pessimistic" business development option. A strategy prepared in advance will help to cope with possible difficulties;
Financial plan(how much money will be required to open a business, calculate the potential profit, calculate the payback).

Step 4: Find a room

Own space for a store is a rarity, therefore, in planning we focus on the rented area.

Common placement options: the first floor of a residential building or office building, a space in a shopping center, a detached building. The latter option is the most expensive and not always advisable.

The best place is on the "red line", that is, overlooking a road with high traffic. Whether in a residential area or in the city center, this is the perfect way to get the “random” shoppers who just walk by. Below are the basic conditions when choosing a location, or where it is best to open a store.

Availability... No confusing lanes on the way to the establishment, it should be easy to find and easy to see from afar. Huge pluses - the presence of nearby parking, advertising signs.

Positioning(orientation of the placement to the clientele). Different locations are suitable for each type of product. Small grocery outlets are popular in residential areas, souvenirs in entertainment centers, luxury goods are best sold in the city center, stationery - near schools, universities, business centers.

Correctly selected area of \ u200b \ u200bthe room... The space must be used rationally so as not to overpay for extra square meters. But some businesses require a lot of space.

For example, 20 sq. M is enough for a small boutique of gifts and souvenirs. m., a clothing store with fitting rooms will need at least 40 sq. m. The area of the retail space ranges from 20-100 sq. m. m. depending on the selected type.

Adequate rent corresponding to the price level. For example, expensive space in shopping mall unprofitable for a consignment shop. On average, the rental price is $ 8-11 per 1 sq. m. in residential areas and remote places, $ 15-20 per 1 sq. m. - in the center.

An important nuance- it is worth paying rent for six months or a year in advance (this will go into capital investments) in order to ensure the work of the company in the first months, until the trade begins to bring a lot of income. Otherwise, with a frantic monthly search for money for rent, there is a risk of going broke.

Step 5: Arrangement and renovation of the premises

You need to rent an area, and you need to start arranging the site before you get the majority permits... Most of the authorities in the package of documents require a lease agreement, and also check the readiness of the premises for work.

Store room requirements

Mandatory conditions for all sales areas:

An evacuation plan, fire alarm, fire extinguishers;
Availability of heating, electricity, air conditioning, running water(not necessarily for all types of sales, important for food);
When repairing in the process of finishing, painting, cladding, use moisture resistant and easily washable materials. The floors must be flat, without cracks or potholes;
Compliance with consumer rights... This includes checkweighers for grocery outlets, the presence of a complaint book and a consumer corner (sales rules, company contact details, etc.);
The layout of the space should be simple for the buyer, not hampering movement in the hall.

Placement permit and when to get it

This certificate should be obtained prior to commencing repairs. This is a kind of expert assessment of Rospotrebnadzor on whether it is possible to start sales in the chosen place.

If the site is not suitable in many respects, then the money for repairs will be wasted. Receiving peer review takes 2-3 weeks. When contacting a special law firm the cost of registration will be $ 150-160.

On average, cosmetic repairs and finishing of premises with an area of 50-70 sq. m cost in the amount of 1500-2000 dollars.

Step 6: Business registration

What documents are needed to open a store? First, officially register your business. The simplest option is an individual entrepreneur, it is faster, cheaper and less hassle with accounting.

But, for example, only an LLC with an authorized capital of at least a million rubles can sell alcoholic beverages.

How to open an IP for a store

A certificate of registration of a legal entity must be obtained from the local tax office at the address of registration. It is worth deciding on the taxation system in advance (OSNO, STS, UTII).

Documents required for tax

Your passport(for foreign citizens - a passport) and TIN. If you do not have an individual taxpayer number, it will be issued along with the certificate, it will take 4-5 days more;
Application form R21001 (For Russia)... One of the important points of the statement is the choice of OKVED codes. They may be different for each type of store, but a general subsection for all: 47 - "Retail trade, except trade in motor vehicles and motorcycles". It is recommended to choose as many suitable codes as possible in order not to suffer with “pre-registration” later. Extra codes do not affect the activity in any way;
Receipt confirming payment of the state fee ($ 12);
Application for the transition to a simplified taxation system if it suits you. Otherwise, OCH is prescribed by default.

The tax office issues a receipt for the receipt of documents. In five days, the application will be considered, with a positive answer, the entrepreneur receives a certificate of registration with the tax service and an extract from the USRIP (Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs).

Together with them, they issue a notification about the assignment of statistics codes from Rosstat, a certificate of registration of an entrepreneur in a pension fund at the place of residence, a certificate of registration with TFOMS. Otherwise, you will have to issue these certificates separately.

After that, you need to open a bank account and make a seal (up to $ 15). The presence of a seal for an individual entrepreneur is not necessary, usually a signature and a mark "B / P" ("no seal") is sufficient.

Step 7: Select Suppliers

The main selection criteria:

Experience and reliability, reviews of other buyers;
Range... The most convenient supplier - from which you can buy as many different products as possible. Pay attention to recognizable products of famous brands, they sell better;
Convenience of calculations... Various bonuses, discounts, deferrals. It is difficult for a newcomer to find a supplier who will agree to provide products with a deferred payment. However, it is worth trying to negotiate according to the "50/50" scheme, part of the goods you pay immediately, part - after the sale.

You should look for suppliers on the Internet, newspapers and magazines, at industry exhibitions.

Step 8: shop equipment

Common equipment items for all types of shop:

Shelves, counters, showcases - about $ 700. Good producers - Mago, Neka, Rus, Fabrik Art;
Unpretentious reception for dispensing purchases - $ 150-300. Showcase Plus, "Commercial equipment";
Control- cash machine- $ 150-250. Orion, Mercury, Elves-MK.

Total minimum investment the equipment will amount to $ 1200.

Important point- connecting the possibility of cashless payments (acquiring), this will increase the number of customers and reduce the risk of collision with fraudsters. You need to contact the selected bank, where they will formulate the terms of cooperation (mainly, the amount of bank commissions) and install a pos-terminal. On average, the commission is 1.9-4% of the transaction volume.

The lower the turnover of the company, the higher the commission is required by the bank. For cooperation, a certain amount of deposit is required on the current account.

Step 9: recruiting staff for the store

For a small grocery or flower shop, two sellers are enough (working hours - "week after week") and a cleaning lady.

In a construction or clothing store, it is worth hiring a salesroom administrator (consultant), a cashier, a cleaner. It is recommended to outsource accounting to save money.

The most important person is the salesperson. In addition to the standard qualities of a good employee and sales skills, the employee must be in the right place. Simply put, match the store. For example, beautiful women sell underwear, and Construction Materials- men and women of age who inspire confidence with their experience.

The ideal way to stimulate a salesperson is a percentage of the proceeds. But if you put an employee completely on a percentage in a new place, you can lose him and provoke a large turnover of staff.

Best to shape minimum salary(for example, $ 200-250) plus a percentage of monthly revenue. Cashier, cleaning lady receive a fixed salary.

Step 10: Assortment formation

This includes the display of goods and the interior design of the store. Take the time to learn the basics of merchandising or hire a specialist to do the initial layout. Among general rules stand out:

The product must be placed conveniently for the visitor, in easily accessible places. Those products that need to be sold first are placed in the most conspicuous place;
Use price tags to drive sales... Highlight promotions and discounts in large letters and bright colors. For expensive products, place the price so that you have to look for it and turn the thing in your hands, appreciating all its advantages;
Separate things for convenience into categories and mark them with signs or stands;
Interior decoration and atmosphere should tune in to buy certain things. The right lighting, background music, pleasant smells all affect the visitors.

Step 11: security

Ensure the safety of your company. The minimum set of security tools is an alarm, "panic button", a video surveillance camera. Purchase and installation costs - from $ 200, maintenance cost - from $ 50 per month.

Step 12: opening a store

Turn your start into a promotion with music, contests, giveaways and brochures, discounts, and more. Then customers will want to come back to you.

Step 13: Risk Assessment

Before starting a business, you should evaluate all the risks and benefits. What do you need to know?

pros

Well-established point of sale - source stable income... The enterprise in good location and there will always be buyers with a wide assortment.
A commercial enterprise, if necessary, can be easily sold as a ready-made business.
Quite a simple calculation system.

Minuses

Large investments in business and a high level of competition.
Remains of unsold products that have to be written off or sold at a markdown.
Seasonality of some types of trade.
The risk of losing up to 80% of investments in case of an unsuccessful turn of events.

Step 14: advertise

Arrange periodically sales and promotions for clients. Discount cards for regular customers work well. For building materials, clothing, toys, distribution of printed advertisements in mailboxes is suitable.

Create a unique offer and colorfully design flyers. Printing 5,000 copies will cost about $ 100.

Which store is better to open

Consider the features and nuances of opening stores of various types. Based on the previous points, minimum volume the cost of business registration, repairs and equipment, rent and advertising is approximately $ 8 thousand.

Clothing store

Area - from 50 sq. m.

Costs of opening a clothing store

Mannequins and busts, torsos (about 10-15 pcs.) - about $ 500;
Mirror in full height to the trading floor - from $ 50;
2 dressing booths with curtains + 2 mirrors - $ 200-250;
Hangers and racks for clothes - $ 300-400;
Electronic product protection system - $ 1400;
Barcode scanner - $ 100-150;
Printer for printing labels with a barcode - $ 400-600;
Purchase of things for six months in advance - 10-15 thousand dollars.

Total investment in the business will amount to 20-25 thousand dollars. The margin is from 50-400%.

Important nuances: a large assortment (at least 1000 units), the availability of popular sizes, the sale of related products and accessories (handbags, purses, hangers, jewelry, belts, etc.). Run sales and promotions on a regular basis (“third item as a gift,” “discount on your second purchase,” etc.).

Lingerie shop

Enough 15-25 sq. m. The list of equipment differs from the previous type of outlet only in the type of mannequins. You will need special hangers-busts, "hangers", "legs" for tights and socks, etc.

Demonstration of goods on mannequins and half-torso works well. It is necessary to invest at least $ 13,000 in the opening.

Good and popular brands of lingerie: Incanto, Lormar, Milavitsa, Agent Provocateur, Victoria's Secret, Calzedonia, Passionata, Rosme. The best demand is observed for mid-priced products.

It is necessary to form an assortment for women, men and children so that visitors can shop for the whole family.

Grocery store

Required area - from 30 sq. m. Additional equipment and costs:

2 Refrigerators – 1100 $;
Racks for vegetable breakdowns (vegetable box) - $ 150;
Product racks- $ 600;
Printer for printing barcodes and labels - $ 400-600.

Total, together with the purchase of goods, capital expenditures will amount to 13-15 thousand dollars.

A grocery store needs a warehouse to store food. Also, special requirements are imposed on such firms.

To obtain a work permit from Rospotrebnadzor, you must fulfill the conditions SanPiN 2.3.5. 021-94 — « Sanitary rules for food trade enterprises ". All norms, GOSTs, etc. are spelled out here.

Products must have price tags, weight indication, good shelf life. Products with defects are sold separately, with mandatory notification of the defect. Weights are required.

Employees of the firm must have health certificates, work in uniform with a headdress, have a badge indicating the name and position.

Children's clothing store

Selling clothes for children will require the same opening costs as a regular clothing store. Mannequins need to be purchased for children.

The required amount is in the region of $ 17,000-20,000. It is important to determine the price category ( the best option- average), and the products are sorted by age.

Commission shop

Area 50-60 square meters.

Features of this business

There is no need to look for suppliers, people hand over their things themselves;
The size of the company's commission for the sale of a second-hand product - 20-50%;
There are no problems with unsold leftovers. The owner takes back the unrealized things;
It is best to place a clothes shop in a densely populated residential area;
Unlike a clothing salon, a lot of expensive mannequins are not required, a few torsos, busts, hangers are enough.

To open a thrift store on your own, you will need to spend approximately $ 9,000-10,000.

Auto parts store

The required size of the room is from 60 sq. m. Equipment will need counters, racks, cash register. Investment amount - from $ 12,000, including the purchase of spare parts.

The secrets to the success of this business

Better to specialize in one or two car brands, but provide spare parts for the entire model range;
Sell accessories (rugs, scented key rings, etc.);
Sellers should be good at understanding in the car device;
Choose several suppliers for each product group so as not to keep customers waiting. Cooperating with official dealers, you will increase the credibility of the company and will be able to officially use the brand logo in your advertising;
Offer a home delivery service.

Flower shop

Sizes from 20 sq. m. in trading floor you need racks, a table for packing and composing compositions, stands and flowerpots for flowers, ideally - refrigerators compartment to maintain the desired temperature.

In addition to flowers, wrapping paper, baskets, gift ribbons, bows, transparent cellophane, mesh, felt, scotch tape are purchased as consumables. From small tools, you will need scissors, nippers, a glue gun, floral knives.

Investments in equipment and the first purchase of a cut - from $ 12,000.

To begin with, it is worth working with local wholesalers; with good promotion, it is recommended to buy flowers from metropolitan and foreign suppliers.

Important nuances to consider

Organize a piece sale of flowers and ready-made bouquets and arrangements;
Flowers should always be fresh, so you need to learn how to correctly assess the volume of purchases;
Diversify your assortment with gift cards and soft toys;
Having created a thematic website, an entrepreneur can start custom-made festive events.

Draft beer shop

The required space is from 70 sq. m.

Necessary equipment

Racks with taps and beer barrels;
Coolers and defoamers;
Snack counters.

The complete set will cost about $ 2,000. About two thousand more will be needed for the purchase of 10-15 types of beer, 100 liters each. In total, the opening will take about $ 13,000.

Sales organization secrets: you need an assortment of 10-15 varieties of drinks and the availability of snacks in packages and by weight (crackers, chips, fish, etc.)

Hardware store

Area - from 60-70 sq. m. In addition to standard equipment and counters with shelving, demonstration stands are needed.

Necessarily warehouse space, packaging and delivery services for purchases. Capital investments in the enterprise will amount to 16-20 thousand dollars.

The most demanded products: Decoration Materials, tools, paints and varnishes, plumbing. It is best to locate a retail outlet in the city center, near major roads and intersections, markets, shopping centers... Product margin - 25-40%.

How to independently register an LLC in 2018? What package of documents is required to open a company? What to do after registering an LLC?

Hello, friends. Alexander Berezhnov with you. Today we will talk about the registration of an LLC.

This topic is relevant for both novice entrepreneurs and those who already have their own business.

In one of the previous articles, I said "", but many readers of our business magazine have a need for a high-quality article about the opening of an LLC.

When preparing this article, I consulted with familiar lawyers to ensure the relevance of the information in it.

I wish you a productive study of the materials and kind tax inspectors :)

1. What is an LLC and in what case is it worth opening

To begin with, I will give a definition of this organizational and legal form of doing business.

Then I will tell you who is suitable for opening a limited liability company (LLC).

Limited liability company(official abbreviated name - LLC) - economical society(firm, company) established (created) by one or more legal entities and / or individuals.
Authorized capital of LLC divided into shares according to the contribution of the participants (founders) to it.
Participants (founders) limited liability companies are not liable for its obligations and bear the risk of losses associated with the company's activities, within the value of their shares in authorized capital society.

Features of the activity of LLC

1. An LLC can be opened by either one person (the so-called LLC with a single founder) or several people (co-founders)

Moreover, as follows from the definition, the founders of an LLC can be both individuals and legal entities.

2. Members of the company are responsible for their obligations only in the amount of their share in the authorized capital of the company.

This means that if the authorized capital of your LLC is 10,000 rubles, and your company (LLC) owes its creditors 100,000 rubles, then in court the creditors will not be able to receive more than 10,000 rubles, also according to the law, the remaining 90,000 rubles of debt personally they will not be able to collect from you.

This is where the limited responsibility of society is manifested. That is, the risks of your personal losses are reduced.

3. LLC is a commercial organization, the main purpose of which is to make a profit

Therefore, all types of activities indicated when registering a company are just tools with which it makes money.

4. The main regulatory document for the conduct of LLC activities is its Charter

This is a mandatory document that is submitted to the tax authorities when registering an LLC. You can learn more about drafting the Charter

5. An LLC can be sold or bought as a company

For example, if you want to sell your business (a share in a business), you can contact a professional business appraiser and get his opinion on the market value of your LLC.

If, on the contrary, you want to buy a business (a share in a business), it will be enough for you to buy out the whole society or part of it from the previous founders and make a profit according to the size of your share.

Compared to an individual entrepreneur, if you are an individual entrepreneur, then you cannot sell your business as a company. It is also impossible to buy a business in the form of individual entrepreneurship.

You can buy, for example, equipment, real estate, transport or goods from an individual entrepreneur, as from a private person.

The same is the case with the sale of a business from an individual entrepreneur.

6. LLC has some significant differences, for example, from an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur)

LLC has its own name, has no restrictions on maintaining commercial activities(subject to licenses and permissions).

Society also pays higher taxes than individual entrepreneurs. The company's bookkeeping is more difficult, and LLCs have higher fines, taxes, and more complex reporting than individual entrepreneurs.

These are the most basic points you need to know before registering your LLC.

When is it better to open an LLC:

If you want to deal with the state. purchases or participate in tenders (quotations). Individual entrepreneurs in most cases are not allowed to participate in such competitions.
If you want to sell alcohol or engage in other activities that are not permitted by law to individual entrepreneurs.
If you want to impress your customers or business partners. LLC traditionally looks more solid, as it is considered a full-fledged company with its own name.
If you do not want to risk a lot, liable for obligations with your personal property. In the event of the formation of a debt to third parties, the LLC is responsible for it only within the authorized capital, minimum size which for today is 10,000 rubles.

For comparison, if you are an individual entrepreneur, your transport, real estate, goods, money can be personally collected from you in court. According to the law, an individual entrepreneur is responsible for its obligations with all property belonging to him.

In the case of registering an LLC, you have much less risk of being left with debts.

2. Package of documents for registration of LLC

If you decide to open an LLC on your own, then for registration you will need the following documents:

All-Russian classifier species economic activity(OKVED - 2018)
Application form No. Р 11001
The founders' decision to establish an LLC
LLC Charter
Check for payment of state duty for registration of LLC. So far, the amount of the state duty for the registration of an LLC is 4,000 rubles. However, there are rumors that it could rise to 6,500 rubles. The form of the payment document can be generated on the official website of the Federal Tax Service and pay at the bank.
Application for the transition to a simplified taxation system.
Attention! You fill out this application only if your type of activity fits the “simplified form”. Before submitting documents, consult with an accountant.
Letter of guarantee from the owner of the legal address (location of your future LLC). Required in original. You can buy (rent) a legal address from companies that provide such services in your city.
Payment confirmation document authorized capital LLC (issued by the bank) or an opinion of an independent appraiser on the availability of the necessary authorized capital contributed in non-monetary form when the LLC was established.

You can prepare these documents for the registration of an LLC both independently and ask for help from specialized companies that are engaged in the preparation of documents for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs.

You can also prepare documents for registration of an LLC free of charge through the 1C-Start online service. At the exit, you will receive forms filled in without errors, which will remain to be printed and submitted to tax authority... So you already at the first stage save your money and time, insure yourself against the refusal of the Federal Tax Service, without delving into the complex language of legislation.

3. How to register an LLC yourself - 10 easy steps

Step 1. Get acquainted with the legislation on limited liability companies

Before opening an LLC, I strongly recommend that you familiarize yourself with the legislation in this area.

To do this, you need two basic laws:

Federal Law "On Limited Liability Companies" No. 14-ФЗ dated 08.02.1998
Federal Law "On state registration legal entities and individual entrepreneurs "No. 129 dated 08.08.2001.

To create an LLC without any problems, take the time to familiarize yourself with these laws. After all, it is better to devote an hour or two of your time to this than to waste days on correcting errors in documents.

Step 2. Determining the types of activities

If you have already decided what you are going to do, for example, sell building materials wholesale, then you will need to find the code for this type of activity in (All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities).

To do this, download it, open it and find the type of activity that suits you.

Let's take another look at what you need to do:

We fill in the form No. Р 11001. Here you must indicate all the information about the founders, as well as the types of activities that the company will be engaged in.
We fill in the decision of the founders to create an LLC (bring the original of this document for registration).
We draw up the Charter of LLC (required in 2 copies).
We attach a check of the state duty for the registration of an LLC in the amount of 4,000 rubles (original).
We fill out an application for the transition to a simplified tax system (when conducting business on a simplified taxation system).
We attach a letter of guarantee from the owner of the legal address (owner of the premises).
Check or opinion of an expert appraiser on the payment (payment) of the authorized capital of the LLC.

After that we hand over the documents for registration.

If you find it difficult to fill out the documents, then contact a lawyer you know, he will tell you how to fill them out correctly, and for a certain fee, you will be provided with the "turnkey LLC registration" service without any problems.

Step 8. We receive documents

If all documents were drawn up correctly, state. the registrar at the tax office accepted them and issued you a receipt, then within 5 working days they will open an LLC for you.

You will receive the entire package of documents, including the LLC registration certificate, which you will need in the future for making a seal.

Check the received documents carefully!

Not often, but it happens that people make mistakes in numbers and data when preparing documents. The human factor has not yet been canceled.

If everything went smoothly, you can be congratulated, now you are a full-fledged owner of your own company!

There are still a couple of steps left to start official activities.

Step 9. Order printing

You can order the seal from any seal manufacturer. Registration of an LLC involves this mandatory step. To do this, take with you constituent documents(certificate INN, OGRN).

When making a seal for an LLC, you will be offered a catalog of different design options for its design. You just have to choose the option you like.

The term of production of a seal is from several hours to 2 days in different companies.

Together with the print, I advise you to immediately purchase ink for it.

After manufacturing, your seal will look something like this:

You will need a seal when signing contracts, executing transactions and in all cases when you certify something on behalf of your LLC.

Step 10. Opening a current account

According to the law, an LLC is obliged to have a current account, and the company must transfer all the money received there.

You can open a current account in any bank that provides such a service. In doing so, pay attention to tariffs.

The conditions are different for everyone, both in terms of opening an account and maintaining it.

Some banks have a subscription fee, but somewhere there is no such fee and you pay either a small amount for one operation, or a percentage of the turnover on the account.

Very important!
One of my acquaintances, an entrepreneur, had a bank ruined and lost about a million rubles on his current account!
You probably know that contributions individuals insured by the state and in case of revocation of the bank's license, you are entitled to compensation of up to 700,000 rubles.
TO commercial organizations this is not the case, and if the bank's license is revoked, then you lose money in your checking account.
Therefore, open a current account for your LLC only in reliable and reputable banks.

4. What to do after opening an LLC

After you have opened an LLC, you must:

1.Go to the statistics department at the place of registration of the company

Correctly this department is called "Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service (for the city of Moscow)" - here Moscow is taken as an example. You go to the statistics department for your city.

There you will be given the codes assigned by the LLC during registration.

2. Register with extra-budgetary funds (Social Insurance Fund, Pension Fund)

Go to the FSS and the FIU. So they will tell you everything and help you fill out the necessary papers.

After all these procedures, you can fully work.

You will only have to keep records and submit them, for this I recommend that you use the capabilities of Internet accounting "" and keep records using this service.