Start in science. Creative project "My professional choice". Profession: Teacher Choosing the best option for a profession

Many, you can even say everything, people sooner or later ask the questions "Who to be?", "Where to study?", "How to choose a profession?" Indeed, it is very difficult for a high school graduate to independently answer these and other similar questions if he was not helped in advance to determine his desires, his preferred field of activity, by his parents or school. Despite the fact that there is a huge amount of materials on career guidance and professional self-determination on the Internet and print media, they are all chaotically scattered and it is necessary to carry out independent painstaking work to form a whole picture. So people are tormented in their attempts to find an ideal job, so that they can get pleasure from the labor process, and the wages are at a decent level. In order to avoid annoying mistakes when searching for a suitable profession, we recommend that you read the article Typical mistakes in choosing a profession.

In this material, we will tell you in detail about the difficult process of choosing a profession, different approaches and directions, consider different classifications professions and bring simple steps that will help you choose the right profession.

The formula for choosing a profession "I want - I can - I must"

Surely you have already met the well-known formula for choosing a profession "I want - I can - I must", but do you know what exactly is hidden behind each of these words?

WANT

You need to clearly know your interests, desires and goals. None of the claims can be neglected, but this is especially true, since the right motivation and interest is the basis of all future life as a professional in his field. The work should be enjoyable and no motivation from the outside in the form wages or social package will not be able to change the simple fact that you have to go to work like hard labor and every day look forward to when Friday finally comes. It is clear that with such an attitude, it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve significant heights in a career or will be worth the physical and emotional costs incommensurate with the reward.

We do not argue, this is a very difficult question for an independent solution, but a lot depends on it, so it is worthwhile to strain and make every effort. A variety of career guidance tests that are available both on the Internet and in printed form... Alternatively, such psychological tests for children and adults can be passed free of charge on this site in the appropriate section, or simply continue reading the article by asking yourself a couple of questions, and the matrix for choosing a profession by G.V. Rezapkina will help to determine the specialty.

Question # 1: What or who would you like to work with?

Possible answer choices include:

1. Man- work related to interaction with other people, such as: pupils, students, customers, clients, patients, spectators, etc.

2. Information- search, processing, study, structuring and application of various information and languages: text, formulas, programming languages, foreign languages, diagrams, drawings.

3. Finance- work in the field of finance, investment, lending. Usually associated with concepts such as: money, loans, shares, limits, funds, collection, accounting.

4. Technique- interaction with technology or various designs... Management, construction, development, etc. The activities are: machines, mechanisms, buildings, devices, machines.

5. Art- creative professions involved in theater, literature, music, ballet, painting, cinema.

6. Animals and plants- work with animals of all kinds (service, wild, domestic, commercial) and plants (decorative, wild, agricultural)

7. Products and products- production of any kind finished products: products made of metal, fabric, wood, stone, household items, medicines and many others.

8. Natural resources- search, development, protection, exploitation and extraction of all types of natural resources, such as minerals, forests, rivers, reservoirs, mountains, lands, deposits.

Question # 2: How do you want to work?

1. Control- management of the activities of other people, making responsible and independent decisions, to achieve the fulfillment of the assigned tasks.

2. Service- meeting the needs of other people in a variety of areas. Sale, renovation, treatment, development, etc.

3. Education and upbringing- classes educational activities, the formation and development of personality, training.

4. Production and mining- exploitation of resources and manufacturing of final products. A wide range of areas, ranging from machine operators and geologists to programmers and designers.

5. Construction- design and creation of new or rethinking in better side old objects and parts.

6. Study- various types of scientific and applied research of various types and directions.

7. Protection- protection from hostile actions (physical, legal), treatment of diseases of people and animals.

8. Monitoring and evaluation- checking and monitoring the activities of other professions of any orientation.

By honestly answering these two questions to yourself, you can quickly identify recommended occupations that may well be interesting and noteworthy. It is enough just to find the intersection of these answers on the table "Matrix of choice of professions".

	Man	Information	Finance	Technique	Art	Animals and plants	Products and products	Natural resources
Control	Administrator HR manager Secretary	System Administrator Marketer Dispatcher	Consultant Financier Economist	Driver Aviation navigator Driver Technician	Producer Conductor Choreographer Producer	Zoo engineer Farmer Trainer Soil scientist	Sales Manager Commodity specialist Logistician Merchandiser	Cadastre engineer Surveyor Power Technician
Service	Salesman Tourism manager Social worker Medical worker	Telecommunications operator Computer scientist Guide-translator Advertising manager	Collector Accountant Broker Cashier	Electrician Locksmith Engineer Mechanic	Designer Operator Guide Hairdresser	Agrochemist Zootechnician Livestock breeder Plant grower	Salesman Forwarder Commodity specialist	Ameliorator Ecologist Greener
Education and upbringing	Educator Trainer Educator Psychologist	Philologist Linguist	Consultant	Driving instructor	Music teacher Painting teacher	Trainer Jockey Rider Cynologist	Labor teacher	Ecologist
Production and mining		Programmer Web Designer Layout designer Cameraman	Financier Economist Accountant Cashier	Builder An electrician Locksmith Milling machine Turner	Jeweler Wood carver Embroiderer	Agronomist Zoo engineer Breeder Livestock breeder Plant grower	Pharmacist Process Engineer Cook Locksmith Turner Seamstress	Mining engineer Hydrologist Hydrogeologist Miner
Construction	Image maker Geneticist Plastic surgeon	Translator Correspondent Journalist Web Designer Programmer Cartographer	Analyst Economist Financier	Constructor Mechanic	Composer Producer Designer Fashion designer Artist Painter Musician	Breeder Florist Agricultural technician Landscape designer	Architect Process Engineer Fashion designer Cutter Installer	Mining engineer Landscape designer Hydrological engineer Greener
Study	CAN Having dealt with interests and desires, we turn to an equally important component of the formula for solving the question "How to choose a profession" - our capabilities, both physical and psychological. In order to do right choice profession, you need to carefully understand yourself, find out your strengths and weaknesses... If, when choosing a profession, you exclude this part of the formula or do not give it due attention, then the likelihood of not entering a university or technical school for the chosen specialty or getting a job in good company... If you managed to unlearn and find a job, then in order to achieve professional success, which means higher wages and career advancement, you will have to make much more effort than the surrounding colleagues who have the appropriate inclinations and predispositions. Even just keeping up with them can be difficult and demanding. There are several main areas that will help determine your own capabilities. Health status The most commonplace point, which, however, is often overlooked. For some professions, the state of health does not play a big role, for others, such features as low vision, color blindness, flat feet or general physical fitness play a decisive role, and the road to the profession will be closed forever. A person who wears glasses will not be hired as snipers, and people with color blindness are unlikely to succeed in becoming world famous designers or even just getting a driving profession. Even if health contraindications are not indicated in the requirements for a particular profession, try to correlate your physical characteristics with the process of future work. Personal qualities and psychological characteristics Temperament, character traits and other personal qualities, both positive and negative, belong here. They will help to identify them psychological tests, interviews with professional psychologists or simple questions to friends and acquaintances. When choosing a profession, such personality traits play a significant role in job satisfaction and comfort. Introverted people should not choose professions associated with a lot of communication with other people or hectic work processes. Active people are unlikely to be able to fully realize themselves in a monotonous, monotonous job. Professional dispositions and abilities This includes any skills that are better than other people and are easier for you to master: drawing, singing, fine work with your hands, a sense of style, perfect pitch and others like that. The fact that it takes less effort to master a skill for more results can play a huge role in choosing the ideal profession. Professional qualifications and experience For those who have already received an education and worked in their chosen specialty, it may make sense not to radically change the field of activity, but to choose something related, where you can apply existing knowledge, skills, and abilities. With the experience gained, it is easier to get a job and achieve success. Considering all of the above, when getting acquainted with a particular profession, it will be easy to determine which are suitable professional quality already exist, and which ones are worth working on for their development. NECESSARY Agree, it will not be very smart to choose a profession that is not in demand in the labor market or, even worse, is gradually losing its importance and disappears into oblivion. In the formula for choosing a profession, the component "NADO" acts as the demand for a profession in the labor market. It is rather difficult to accurately predict the prospects of a profession in a few years, but general trends are quite possible. To do this, you can read the opinions of experts, look at state educational plans, find the appropriate analytics and make up your own opinion. The labor market is always in motion, with the development of technology, new professions appear and old ones gradually die off. Even after receiving an education and successful work, you need to improve and improve your skills in order to remain a competitive and successful specialist in your professional field. If you exclude "NECESSARY" when choosing a profession, then it may be difficult to find a job in your specialty. The result of the profession choice formula Having correctly evaluated all the components of the formula "I CAN - WANT - SHOULD" in relation to myself, the chance of the wrong choice of profession will be significantly reduced, and it will be easier to achieve professional success and become a sought-after specialist. You will find a profession that will simultaneously: Interesting for you (I WANT) Easy and enjoyable to learn (I CAN) Be in demand in the labor market (NADO) The exclusion of at least one of the parameters of the formula leads to various unfavorable consequences, from the impossibility of obtaining satisfaction from work to significantly difficult employment in the specialty. Simple steps to choosing a profession For those who like well structured step by step instructions we propose to use the algorithm for choosing a profession and, in seven simple steps, significantly narrow down the list of possible professions. 1. Make a list of requirements for an ideal profession. The more requirements you come up with, the better and more accurately you will be able to determine the desired profession. You can start with the requirements listed below and expand the list with your own. Working conditions Direction of activity Wage level Level of training required Content and nature of work Difficulty finding a job in a specialty Field of activity Any other important requirements for you 2. Determine the significance of each requirement. Rank each requirement on a scale from 1 to 10 or break it down in any other convenient way for those that are vital and those that can be neglected in favor of others. Perhaps it will be possible to get rid of certain requirements that seemed important only at first glance. 3. Make a list of interesting professions To get acquainted with the world of professions, you can use our Catalog of professions or use any other. Bookstores sell special guides with detailed description existing professions on the labor market. The main selection should be based on the interestingness of the profession, given how much one would like to get such a specialty and start a career in this area. 4. Correlate your list of requirements with each of the professions you are interested in It should be remembered that in addition to the list of your requirements for an ideal profession, there are also the requirements of the professions themselves. Consider your personal talents and abilities, as well as your physical characteristics. It is possible that in some professions the path will be closed for objective reasons, and it will be much easier to cope with others. 5. Analyze the results Based on the previous points, identify a few of the most suitable professions and get to know them better. Find more information, go on a field trip, open house, or job fairs. It's great if you can talk to a specialist in the industry. 6. Check the results Discuss your choice with your parents, friends, teachers, and a counselor psychologist. Find out their opinions and arguments in favor of a particular profession. You can take vocational psychological tests to confirm the correct choice. 7. Determine the steps to get a profession If you managed to firmly decide on one or more ideal professions, then you can safely start looking for information about which educational institution you can get the desired specialty, what is required for admission, which professional requirements and skills should be developed, how to increase your competitiveness in the labor market, etc. Another easy way to choose a profession Here's another easy way to choose the right profession. All you need is a blank sheet of paper and a pen. Draw yourself or a big beautiful letter "I" in the center of the sheet. Then, like rays from the sun, write around your favorite activities and hobbies. These can be lessons, hobbies, just pleasant and simple activities, not necessarily related to the world of professions. The more such rays you get, the better. Next, the most difficult, but also the most interesting - for each resulting ray, come up with several suitable professions. If difficulties arise, then you can search for information on the Internet, magazines, newspapers, ask friends and parents for advice. In such a simple way, you get a list of professions that may suit you. Choose from 5 to 10 the most interesting of them and find out as much as possible about them: the required education, the average salary, the requirements of employing companies, etc. You can add a list of suitable educational institutions and suitable courses for the development of vocational skills. Check the correctness of the choice with the help of the opinions of people who are significant to you (parents, teachers, friends, etc.), passing tests for career guidance, consultation with a good psychologist-professional consultant. Conclusion Do not forget that solving the questions "How to choose a profession", "What to become?" and the like, this is only the first step towards successful career, but the future success and relevance as a professional depends on him. Also, do not forget that many professions are at the intersection of different disciplines and it is necessary to be well versed in all of them. Another important factor to consider is that professional requirements and responsibilities change significantly as career growth... Undoubtedly, you can try yourself immediately in the role of a leader, but this will be less effective than going all the way to him from the bottom and knowing all the work from the inside. Remember, your reputation, time and money will be at stake. We hope that the information from the article "How to choose a profession" will be useful to you and will help you easily decide on a profession. Any independent choice is worth checking and discussing with practicing professionals. In every city and almost every educational institution there are career guidance departments where you can turn for a conversation or for specialized career guidance tests. Will you become a person who enjoys work is growing rapidly in career ladder and successfully realizes itself in conditions modern society depends only on you and your first steps in choosing the desired and promising area activities. We sincerely wish you a successful definition of your work path and may your work be loved!

Everyone knows the formula for choosing a profession, which consists of three terms:

I want (your interests, inclinations, desires)
I can (your resources are health, abilities, personality traits)
It is necessary (labor market requirements).

If the requirements of the labor market, the capabilities and desires of the person himself do not have points of contact at all, do not correspond to each other, this means that a person wants to do what he cannot do, and even in a situation where no one needs it. Oddly enough, but more than half of the graduates move along this path.

If a compromise can be found between the three terms, then the chances of achieving professional success increase. Interest in the profession as it is mastered can grow, and with the growth of professionalism, the competitiveness of a specialist in the labor market also increases.

The ideal option (and the rarest one) - the absolute match of your desires, opportunities and market requirements - provides a chance to receive a decent reward for work that brings pleasure.

Career choice factors

A personal professional plan is considered reasonable when available
consistency between factors of choice of profession.

The structure of a personal professional plan

1. Main professional goal (dream, life ideals at the moment of development).

The idea of who he wants to be, what he wants to be, what he wants, to achieve, what are the ideals of life and work.

2. Near professional goals (as stages and ways to achieve a long-term goal).

The concept of a chain of immediate and more distant goals - "life perspective"

3. Knowledge of ways to prepare for the achievement of professional goals (especially neighbors) and ways to work on yourself.

Knowing yourself (knowing your capabilities to achieve your goals: near and far goals). Ideas about the internal conditions for achieving goals (awareness of their own motives, interests and inclinations, opportunities, learning abilities, health status).

4. Real preparation for the profession (practical implementation of plans).

Ideas about the external and internal conditions for achieving the intended goals (difficulties, possible consequences, possible opposition of certain people)

5. Reserve options for goals and ways to achieve them in case of insurmountable difficulties in the implementation of the main options.

Planning your life taking into account the likelihood of unforeseen circumstances. (There are cases when the backup option does not coincide with the distant goal and is considered as an independent path ").

Motives for choosing a profession

1) MOTIVES OF SOCIAL STATUS:

achieve a position in society
get a prestigious job
live and work among educated people

2) MATERIAL AND HOUSEHOLD MOTIVES:

have a good salary
get a clean and easy job

3) MOTIVES OF SELF-ASSESSMENT IN LABOR:

to realize their abilities
get an attractive job

4) MOTIVES OF PROFESSIONAL SKILLS:

acquire deep professional knowledge

5) MOTIVES OF OWN LABOR:

get an interesting specialty

6) MOTIVES OF THE SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF LABOR:

benefit people, society
get a profession with which it is easier to find a job

7) MOTIVES FOR OBTAINING A HIGHER EDUCATION:

get a diploma
become a cultured, educated person

8) INDIFFERENT MOTIVES:

you just need to get some kind of profession

Mistakes in choosing a profession

LACK OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE WORLD OF JOBS:

Outdated ideas about the nature and conditions of work in a particular profession.
Passion only for the outer side of the profession (prestige, attractiveness, popularity).

WRONG ASSESSMENT OF YOUR ABILITIES AND POSSIBILITIES:

Inability to correlate individual characteristics and abilities with the requirements of the profession.
Replacing abilities with positive personal qualities.
Orientation to professions of only low or high qualifications.
Uncertainty of desires, life goals.

INABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE RULES OF CHOOSING A PROFESSION:

The transfer of attitude towards a person - a representative of the profession - to the profession itself.
Identification of a subject with a profession.
Choosing a profession “for the company”.

Asabina I.I., teacher of technology MOU "Secondary School No. 3, Rtishchevo, Saratov Region"

Explanatory note

Elective orientation course for 9th grade students comprehensive school intended for pre-profile training. The Constitution of the Russian Federation states that everyone has the right to dispose of their abilities for work, to choose their type of activity and profession. Preparing for professional self-determination and career is an important step in the life of every young person. Today's ninth-graders should decide not only in the choice of the field of activity, but also choose the appropriate training profile in high school... It is very difficult to make a free choice of a profession. The program of the elective course "Designing the situation of choosing a profession" is aimed at helping schoolchildren in choosing from several thousand professions and specialties exactly "their" field of activity. The conceptual basis of the program is a modern theoretical approach to the formation of personal and socio-psychological competence in schoolchildren, the ability to choose a field of future professional activity that best suits their personal characteristics and the needs of the labor market. A feature of the proposed program is the use of research and design technologies and teaching methods. The advantage of training and diagnostic forms of conducting classes is that students are aware of their personal responsibility for their choice. The main goal of the course is to assist students in choosing a profile of education in high school and further professional self-determination, the formation of a culture of choosing a profession.

Objectives of the course:

Analyze the main factors of the situation of choosing a profession in order to find the best options for choosing a field of activity;

To acquaint students with the methods of self-knowledge, identifying their professional interests, abilities and capabilities;

To equip students with the knowledge of the basics of professional activity;

Analyze the situation on the labor market in your city, region, country;

Design an individual path of professional self-determination.

Planned results- students will gain knowledge and skills of self-diagnosis to identify their interests, inclinations and abilities, as well as design individual path professional self-determination;

Presentation design and research work will allow to form and develop the skills and abilities of design and research in schoolchildren.

Program structure: the course program is designed for 10 academic hours, 1 hour per week. The first lesson is aimed at getting acquainted with the strategy of choosing a profession and analyzing its main factors. Further studies are aimed at researching and diagnosing one's own inclinations and capabilities, as well as analyzing the labor market. The final lesson is devoted to designing an individual path of professional self-determination.

Assessment of achievements students pass according to the results of psychological testing and the analysis of the educational product - a model of the individual path of pre-profile and profile training. The evaluation of the course results is carried out by the students and the teacher.

Academic-thematic plan

№	Lesson topic	Number of hours	Types and forms of student activity
1	Career choice strategy	1	Analysis of the factors of choosing a profession, training
2	The "want" factor in choosing a profession	2	Conversation, independent work testing
3	The "can" factor in choosing a profession	2	Conversation, independent and practical work, testing
4	Requirements for a profession to a person	2	Conversation, independent work
5	The "must" factor in choosing a profession	1	Conversation, independent work, excursion to the employment center
6	Personal professional plan	2	Design, project protection

Topic 1. Strategy for choosing a profession

Target: Analyze the three main factors of the strategy for choosing a profession, formulate the correctness of choosing a profession.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Find out the role of labor in the life of society and the individual. Game "Aliens" (Appendix 1).

2. Analysis of the situation of choice, including the choice of a profession. For example, analyze the situation of choosing a purchase. How should one behave when choosing a profession so as not to be mistaken? First, know the world of professions. Secondly, to know yourself - your interests, inclinations, opportunities, state of health. Thirdly, to know the rules of choice, to know how to "try on" the profession for yourself and how to get it. Psychologists call the rules for choosing a profession a strategy. The zone of optimal choice of a profession is a zone of coincidence of interests, capabilities of an individual with the needs of society.

3. Analysis of the strategy of choosing a profession. The strategy for choosing a profession is as follows: analysis of three main factors: "I want", "I can", "I must". What is “want”? These are the desires, interests, inclinations of a person. Interest - focus on the subject, on its cognition ("I want to know"). Interests can be - active and passive, broad and narrow, superficial and deep. For the choice of a profession, cognitive interest is very important, a feature of which is the very process of cognizing the subject. What is "can"? these are the capabilities of a person: abilities, state of health, physical characteristics of a person, level of education. The correspondence of a person's capabilities to his profession makes him competitive. What is "necessary"? This is the need of society for specialists, awareness of the social necessity and importance of the profession, which educational institution should be graduated. The need of society is manifested in the demand for personnel. When considering your future work life, it is important to take into account your real life situation, the possibility of further employment, think over a backup option.

4. Training - the game "Optimists and skeptics". Students are divided into two groups: optimists and skeptics. (Optimism is a worldview, imbued with cheerfulness, faith in the future, in success, a tendency to see the good, bright sides in everything. Pessimism is the opposite of optimism, a worldview, imbued with despondency, disbelief in a better future; a tendency to see only the bad in everything. Skepticism is critical, distrustful attitude to something, doubt about the correctness of something). One profession is taken, for example, a geologist. Optimists call all the good things about this profession (change of impressions, usefulness, high salary etc.). Skeptics - everything is bad (constant business trips, separation from family, etc.). It often turns out that is good for one person, bad for another. The game shows how much the choice of a profession depends on the personality of a person, his interests, inclinations, and often opportunities. At the same time, students analyze the current life situation: the possibility of employment, whether there are funds for training this profession, how this profession provides materially.

5. Conclusion: making the right choice means choosing a job that, firstly, is accessible and feasible for you, and secondly, people and society need it, and can bring you satisfaction and joy. Briefly: “I want”, “I can”, “I need”. As the fabulist IA Krylov wrote, "Take on what you are akin to, if you want the end to be successful in business." That is, you need to want what you can, and to be able is important what is useful for people and necessary for you.

Topic 2. The "want" factor in choosing a profession

Target: determination or clarification of students' interests in various groups of professions, familiarization with the concepts of “motives of choice” and “personal meaning and purpose”, responsibility for their professional choice.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Conduct an oral survey of students on questions that will allow you to start analyzing the first factor in choosing a professional career: Have you tried to assess your interests and inclinations? Do you have any idea what you want to do every working day? What professions do you like?

2. Complete the task in writing: compile a list of professions known to you, dividing them into four categories (the most prestigious, the most paid, the most humane and the least prestigious), and fill in the table (Appendix 2). What were you guided by when distributing professions according to these or those graphs?

3. To form the concepts of "motives of choice", "personal meaning and purpose". Each person is characterized by the presence of a motivational sphere that determines his behavior throughout his life. The essence of a person is expressed by the proverb: "Tell me what you want, and I will tell you who you are." The state of need of a person (or a living being) in certain conditions, which they lack for normal existence or development, is characterized by need. All living beings have needs, and this, in particular, nature differs from inanimate. The need activates the body, gives rise to its behavior aimed at finding what is required. Plants have the least needs. Most of all the needs of a person who, in addition to organic needs, also has material, spiritual and social needs. Unlike needs, only a person has motives. A motive is an object that, in response to a need, i.e. acting as a means of its satisfaction, organizes and directs behavior (motive - translated from Latin - "set in motion, push"). Motive is an incentive to activity associated with satisfying a need. Every human action is performed for something (purpose) and for some reason (motive). Most of our motives are expressed in the form of an answer to the question: why am I acting in a certain way. The purpose of life is a person's awareness of the final results of his life. Goals can be near and far. The meaning of life is the awareness of one's life not as a series of random, scattered events, but as an integral process that has a certain direction, continuity and meaning; awareness of what a person lives for.

4. Analyze your motives for professional choice using the classification scheme (Appendix 3). The choice of a profession will be conscious only if it is deeply motivated: a person correctly evaluates his inclinations and capabilities and knows the content of the activity that he has to carry out.

5. To form the concepts of "interests" and "inclinations". Sometimes we ask, "An interesting book?" or "An interesting movie?" However, these questions are meaningless, since interest is not a property of a thing (book, film, etc.), but a property of a person. One person may find some book interesting, another so-so, and a third even uninteresting. There are no uninteresting subjects, but there are people uninterested in them. Needs are at the core of interests. We are interested in those objects and phenomena that are able to satisfy this or that need. These objects and phenomena attract attention, we think about them, strive for them. Interest often makes us act in a certain direction, acts as a motive for activity. Moreover, the same activity for different people can be motivated by different interests and can satisfy different needs. It is sometimes mistakenly believed that interests and inclinations are one and the same. Interests are manifested in the desire to know the object, to study it thoroughly in all its details. Inclination - the desire to perform the relevant activity (selectively positive attitude towards the activity). Interests can be expressed by the formula "I want to know", and the inclination - "I want to do."

6. Identification of sustainable interests (Appendix 4). In order to choose a profession based on interests, you need to evaluate a number of statements in the map of interests about different types classes.

7. Reflexive analysis of the lesson. Continue sentences or answer questions:

What did I get from this lesson?

Today in class I learned ...

Topic 3. The "I can" factor in choosing a profession

Target: familiarization with the concepts of "ability" and "professional suitability", diagnostics of professional readiness.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Conduct a conversation with students about questions that will allow an analysis of the second factor in choosing a profession: Do you know about your abilities and skills? Have you tried to "try" them on to the chosen profession? Do you know what requirements the chosen profession may present to you?

2. To form the concept of "ability". Interests and inclinations for certain activities usually develop with the development of abilities for it. For example, a student's interest and penchant for mathematics forces him to intensively study this subject, which in turn develops mathematical abilities. Developing mathematical abilities provide certain achievements, advances in the field of mathematics, which give the student a joyful sense of satisfaction. This feeling causes an even deeper interest in the subject, a tendency to study it even more. Abilities - individual psychological characteristics of a person that help him achieve success in any activity. Abilities can be general (intelligence, efficiency, purposefulness, etc.) and special (pedagogical, sports, technical, mathematical, artistic, organizational, etc.). For success in activity, in addition to having special abilities, interests and inclinations, a number of character traits are required, first of all, diligence, organization, concentration, perseverance. All these qualities can be determined using special psychological tests. Abilities, like other personality traits, are not only manifested in activity, but also formed in it. Systematic exercises and hard training will help in the formation of underdeveloped abilities.

3. Health and career choice. Abilities, interests, inclinations, about the need to take into account which we spoke, represent the psychological "I" of the individual. But when choosing a profession, one must also take into account the physical characteristics and the state of human health. Therefore, let's look at ourselves from the point of view of medicine and correlate its requirements with the future profession. After analyzing the table of restrictions on professional suitability, find out if there are any medical contraindications for you (Appendix 5).

4. Practical work. General concept health includes, in addition to physical health, mental, psychological and social well-being. Let's try to understand the state of our health, to identify the average norm of psychophysical well-being (Appendix 6).

5. Formation of the concept of "professional suitability". Students' answers to the question: Is a pencil suitable for writing? Oddly enough, the question is posed incorrectly. Why? Because it doesn't say what to write on ?: on a rock? On the glass? On metal? On the wall of the house? On the banner for a future slogan? A pencil is good for writing on paper. It is already inconvenient to write on a tree, but it is convenient to strike marks for a saw. In order to write on glass, an ordinary pencil is not at all suitable. But you need to write: it is very important for a laboratory assistant, a nurse to make inscriptions, marks on glassware. Here you need a special pencil made, for example, from a mixture of fat, wax, paint. Perhaps only pencils have such a strange property that they have no suitability at all, but only suitability of the "here and now" type? no, it’s not a pencil, but the very concept of fitness. Many features can be said to be inherent in a certain object or person (or absent). For example, if the same pencil is round, then it will remain with this feature, whether we write on paper, on glass or on wood. If faceted - the same thing. Also with a person. If he has blue eyes, then he "carries this color with him." This is not the case with the fitness sign. Of course, a person is a bearer of stable personal qualities, characteristics, including internal regulators of activity - beliefs, knowledge, interests, abilities, character. These internal regulators are found in statements, deeds, actions. Communicating with a person, you can more or less accurately determine his characteristics, personal qualities. But with signs of suitability for the activity. The profession is different. There is no professional suitability at all, as a sign that a person carries with him. This feature is not inherent in a person, but in a difficult situation “person-profession”. In other words, every time you need to figure out what kind of person we are talking about and what kind of specific profession. Thus, professional suitability is the mutual correspondence of a person and a business. Fitness for a profession is characterized by such indicators as: 1) the success of mastering a profession and 2) a person's satisfaction with their work.

6. Testing. It should be noted that professional suitability is a formable quality, and in many respects is in the hands of a person. Now we can determine professional readiness (Appendix 7).

Topic 4. Requirements for a profession to a person

Target: familiarizing students with the requirements that apply to a person various groups professions.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Analysis of the requirements for the psychological qualities of a person, which are presented by the chosen profession. Testing according to the organized crime group questionnaire revealed preferences for the type of profession (according to E.A. Klimov). A description of the requirements that professional activity makes to the human psyche are contained in the psychogram of the profession. Analysis of psychograms of each type of profession makes it possible to assess their own personal qualities and correlate them with the requirements of the profession (Appendix 8).

2. Designing activities for the diagnosis and correction of their own personal qualities, necessary for future profession... If, as a result of the analysis, it turned out that you do not have enough psychological qualities necessary to achieve high level chosen professional activity, psychologists can offer you special exercises to correct the necessary qualities. Your task is to objectively assess your abilities and capabilities and outline a plan for their correction.

Topic 5. The "must" factor in choosing a profession

Target: analyze society's need for specialists, as well as the opportunities provided by society in employment.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Conduct a conversation with students on issues that will allow an analysis of the second factor in choosing a profession: Are specialists in your chosen profession required in the present or in the near future in our region? Do you imagine how and where you can study in your chosen specialty? How realistic is it to find the job you want in your chosen profession?

2. Analysis of the data bank of labor vacancies of the city, region. Meeting with a representative of the city employment center.

3. Designing a personal strategy for choosing a profession.

Topic 6. Personal professional plan

Target: to familiarize students with possible ways of obtaining professional education, to design an individual plan for professional self-determination.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Chatting with students about: Have you thought about who you want to become? Have you talked to anyone about this? How did you find out about your chosen profession? What do you know about her? Do you know where you can master this profession? How do you prepare for your career choice? Do you have a fallback career option in case insurmountable obstacles arise in acquiring the main profession?

2. Drawing up a personal professional plan. Many young people, leaving school, try to find their life path, however, not everyone succeeds in achieving the desired success. One of the reasons is that personal professional and life plans are not always well thought out, drawn up without taking into account their abilities and possible obstacles. The personal professional plan is the main navigator's map, the most important regulator of the professional path. Analysis of the situation of choosing a profession (“I can”, “I want”, “I must”) allowed us to correlate our own capabilities with the requirements of the chosen profession. Now you can design your own situation for choosing a profession, draw up a personal professional plan. As you map out an action plan to implement this plan, keep in mind that by the end of the school year, you will have to choose a training profile that suits your plan. An approximate scheme for drawing up a personal professional plan was developed by psychologists (Appendix 9).

3. Defense of a project for professional self-determination. Project defense includes justification (relevance, need, problem, objectives, hypothesis), the results of the study, the results and conclusions achieved, the ways of professional self-determination.

Literature used in the preparation of the program

2. Elective courses of psychological and pedagogical support. Under total. ed. Gubanova E.V. / Under scientific. ed. Mikhailina M.Yu. / Ministry of Education of the Saratov Region. - GOU DPO "SarIPKiPRO" - Saratov: LLC publishing house "Scientific book", 2006. - 204p.

Literature for the teacher

1. Didactic material for the course "Your professional career". Book for the teacher. Ed. S.N. Chistyakova. - M .: Education, 1998 .-- 112s.

2. Basics professional culture... Ed. V.D.Simonenko. - Bryansk: Publishing house of the Bryansk State Pedagogical University, 1997. - 307s.

3. Rogov E.I. Handbook of a practical psychologist: Textbook. Benefit. - M .: Humanit. ed. center VLADOS, 2004 .-- 384p.

4. Man - labor - profession. Methodical materials at the rate for teachers of secondary schools of the Ulyanovsk region. Under the general editorship of M.A. Bolshakova. - Ulyanovsk: Ulyanovsk Regional Center for Career Guidance, 1992. - 210s.

Literature for students

1. Proshchitskaya E.N. Choose a profession: tutorial for upper secondary school. M .: Education, 1991 .-- 144p.

2. Technology of professional success: Experimental textbook for 10-11 grades of natural sciences. Ed. S.N. Chistyakova. - M .: Education, 2001 .-- 144p.

3. Technology: A textbook for 9th grade students of a comprehensive school. Ed. V.D.Simonenko. - M .: Ventana-Graff, 2002 .-- 288s.

Class hour

"Conditions for the optimal choice of profession"

Target: help students choose the right professional path.

Tasks:

To direct students to serious reflection in the search for a choice of profession. Explain what factors influence the choice of a future profession. To acquaint with the rules for choosing a profession, taking into account personal characteristics and requirements of the labor market. To tell the children about the peculiarities of the classification of a person's professional activity. To give them an opportunity to orient themselves in the types of professions, to reveal their aspirations, desires and inclinations. To form awareness, responsibility for the choice of a future profession. Provide information on the results of the survey.

Board decoration:

1. Quotes

"If you successfully choose work and put your soul into it, then happiness itself will find you."

"The reason for almost all the troubles in society is failed vocations, violence against inclinations, imposed professions and the resulting displeasure and evil passions" Saint-Simon

"The delusion about our abilities for a certain profession is a mistake that avenges itself ..." K. Marx

2. Diagrams with the results of the survey.

3. Formula for choosing a profession.

Plan:

1. Introduction.

2. Mistakes in choosing a profession.

3. What is a profession?

4. Conditions of professional labor activity.

5. Psychological types of professions

6. Passing testing.

7. Summing up the results of the survey.

8. Formula for choosing a profession.

9. Conclusion.

During the classes

Lead 2:

My years are growing
There will be seventeen.
Where do I work then
What to do?

(V. Mayakovsky)

Lead 1 : “Each person in his life makes two most important choices, which determine how his personal life develops in the future. This is a choice of a profession and a choice of a life partner. Today we will talk about the first one - choosing a profession.

This is very important, because often the choice of a profession occurs at the level of intuition, and even under the influence of mood, superficial impressions, parental whim, through trial and error.

Lead 2 : And now let's think together what mistakes young people can make when choosing a profession (the guys call it).

Then the facilitators open a classification of common mistakes on the board:

1. Ignorance of the rules for choosing a profession:

Ø choice of profession for the company

Ø transferring the attitude towards a person to the profession itself

Ø identification of a subject with a profession

Ø focusing directly on a profession of high qualifications

Ø inability to determine the path of obtaining a profession.

2. Ignorance of oneself:

Ø ignorance or underestimation of their physical and psychological characteristics

Ø inability to correlate their abilities with the requirements of the profession.

3. Ignorance of the world of professions:

Ø hobby only for the outer side of the profession

Ø ignorance of the requirements of the profession for a person.

Lead 1 : What is a profession?

Speaker 1. The term "profession" comes from the Latin root meaning: to speak, to declare, to declare. Hence the word "professor".

The number of professions is not the same in countries with different socio-economic conditions. In the document "Unified tariff and qualification reference book", there are more than 7000 names of professions available in Russia, although several hundred are in demand.

The knowledge and skills accumulated in each group of people were passed on from generation to generation. The division of labor appeared, professions arose.

Choosing a profession means not only choosing a job, but also being accepted into a certain group of people, accepting its ethical norms, rules, principles, values, lifestyle.

Profession Is a social characteristic of a person, indicating that he belongs to a certain category of people who are engaged in the same type of labor activity

As a rule, we outline our professional destiny after leaving school.

Someone finds a job that does not require special training. Most try to get an education first (in universities, courses, colleges), thereby outlining the range of future career opportunities.

To make the right choice, you need to: have an idea of existing professions and, knowing your own inclinations, to realistically assess your capabilities.

Lead 2 : Along with the word "profession", other terms are often mentioned.

« Speciality»- a designation of what and how a person is engaged, what he knows and knows how to do, what he is improving his skills in.

For example , profession - a doctor. Specialty - dentist, surgeon. Narrow specialization - neurosurgeon.

Thus, a profession is a group of related specialties.

Lead 1 :

Exercise 1... Name the specialties from the list:

v school principal,

v pianist,

v teacher,

v installer,

v artist,

v weaver.

Lead 2 :

Exercise 2... Select professions from the list:

v teacher,

v stone carver,

v bookseller,

v engineer,

v hairdresser,

v driver,

v history teacher.

Lead 1 : What is professional labor activity person?

Speaker 2. A person's labor activity is professional if the following conditions are met:

ü The profession is characterized by the presence of a certain level of qualification, skill, skill, professional training, specially acquired knowledge and skills, which are often confirmed by special documents on vocational education: diplomas, certificates, certificates, certificates.

ü A profession is a kind of commodity that a person can sell in the labor market. Moreover, a product that is in demand, for which other people are willing to pay. That is, professional activity can serve as a source of income for a person.

Lead 2 : Let's talk about psychological types of professions.

Speaker 3. The type of profession indicates what a person has to deal with in the course of his professional activity, that is, the subject of labor.

According to the subject of labor, five types of professions can be distinguished:

Ø to professions such as "Man-man" include professions related to medical care (doctor, nurse, nurse), education and upbringing (educator, nanny, teacher, teacher, trainer), consumer services (salesman, conductor, waiter), legal protection(lawyer, investigator, district inspector).

Professions of this type place high demands on such qualities of an employee as the ability to establish and maintain business contacts, understand the state of people, influence others, show restraint, calmness and goodwill, and speech abilities.

Ø type "Man-technology" includes professions related to the creation, installation, assembly and adjustment of technical devices (bricklayer, assembler, welder, design engineer), operation technical means(driver, fireman, crane operator, turner, seamstress-minder), equipment repair (fitter-repairman, mechanic, electrician for equipment repair).

This type of profession requires from the employee a high level of development of visual-figurative thinking, spatial representations, technical awareness and ingenuity, good motor skills, and dexterity.

Ø type "Man is a sign system" combines professions related to texts (proofreader, typist, translator, librarian), with numbers, formulas and tables (programmer, economist, accountant, cashier), with drawings, maps, diagrams (navigator, draftsman), with sound signals (radio operator, telephone operator).

Professions of this type require from a person the ability to abstract thinking, operate with numbers, prolonged and stable concentration of attention, perseverance.

Ø to type "Man is an artistic image" can be attributed to the professions associated with the creation, design, modeling of works of art (artist, journalist, fashion designer, composer), with the reproduction, production of various products according to a sketch, sample (jeweler, actor, cutter, restorer, cabinet maker, florist decorator) ...

From a person in professions of this type, a developed artistic taste, high aesthetic sensitivity, a rich and vivid imagination are required.

Ø to type "Man-nature" professions related to the study of animate and inanimate nature (microbiologist, agrochemist, geologist), with the care of plants and animals (forester, vegetable grower, zootechnician), with the prevention and treatment of diseases of plants and animals (veterinarian

This type of profession presupposes that a person has good observation, the ability to navigate in conditions of unpredictability and delayed results, to change goals depending on conditions, endurance and patience with a lack of comfort.

Lead 1 : Let's take a little rest and work with the dough.

Think and answer whether you agree with the statements and write down which ones you agree with and which ones you disagree with:

· The profession is chosen once and for all.

· The choice of profession depends on the thickness of the wallet.

· You need to find the profession in which you will be the best.

· The profession is intended for a person from birth.

· By the name of the university one can judge who it trains.

· Professions can be chosen based on the knowledge of parents and friends.

· The profession should be chosen after becoming an adult.

· To get a good education, you need to go to a prestigious university.

· If you have money, then vocational guidance is not needed.

· A psychologist is not an assistant in choosing a profession.

(in fact, all statements are false)

Lead 2 : Count how many misconceptions you agreed with.

· 0-2. You do an excellent job with the problem of choosing a profession, your level of awareness of the world of the profession and how to choose is almost equal to the competence of a specialist.

· 3-5. You lack information and confidence in how to choose a profession.

· 5 and more... Try to honestly answer the question: "Why is it so difficult for me to take responsibility for myself?" Perhaps by answering it, you can figure out how to become more independent.

Lead 1 : Two weeks ago, more than 70 students in grades 9-11 took part in the questionnaire "Your choice". High school students were asked to answer several questions related to their future profession, the reasons why they chose this or that profession, as well as the demand for their profession in the labor market of Togliatti.

Lead 2 : After processing your responses, we got the following results:

List of the most popular professions:

1. Economist (18,3%)

2. Manager (11,2%)

3. Auto mechanic (8,6%)

4. Linguist-translator (8,6%)

5. Lawyer (7,6%)

6. Designer (5,8%)

7. Surgeon (5,6%)

8. Programmer (5,6%)

9. Engineer (4,4%)

List of the most common selection criteria:

1. Highly paid (36,5 %)

2. Interesting (28 %)

3. Prestigious (24,3 %)

4. Popular (15,8 %)

5. Easy (12,1 %)

6. Demand (10,3%)

7. Easy entrance exams (2,4%)

8. Promising (1, 2% )

9. Proximity educational institution (1,2%)

10. Personality traits (1,2 %)

Lead 1 : Having analyzed the demand in the market of recent years, as well as the current situation in the world at the moment, we can safely indicate the ten professions for which in the near future there will be the greatest demand. In our opinion, these are:

1. Finance Specialists

2. Sales Specialists

3. Technical staff

4. Engineering staff

5. IT sphere

6. Insurance Specialists

7. Builders

8. Real Estate Specialists

9. Consulators

10. Administrators

Lead 2 : By comparing the lists of professions obtained in the study of the area "I WANT" and the area "SHOULD", you can make list those professions, which are both desired by high school students and in demand in the near future:

1.economist;

2. manager;

3. auto mechanic;

4. programmer;

5. engineer.

Lead 1 : What is the formula for the optimal choice of profession?

Speaker 2. Choosing a profession is a tricky business. When a person chooses a profession, he makes an important decision. Thus, in order to choose the right profession for yourself, it is also necessary to determine the conditions for choosing a profession. For this you need:

Determine what your professional interests and inclinations, dreams of a profession (I WANT)

Assess what your professionally important qualities are: abilities, health status, character, temperament, etc. (I CAN)

Find out what professions are in demand among employers in the labor market (NADO)

The formula for choosing a profession: I WANT + CAN + NECESSARY

Making the right choice means finding a profession that:

Interesting and attractive "WANT".

These are activities and actions that you perform with interest, with desire, on your own initiative. If you like your chosen business, then you will be more willing to work, improve your qualifications, enjoy authority, and earn more.

Consider if really you choosing a profession?

Affordable and feasible "CAN".

These are the capabilities of a person, his abilities, state of health, level of knowledge and skills. In some things you are less successful, you get tired faster, you start to get nervous, angry, lost, and in others you cannot keep up with you, you work with pleasure and you don’t get tired. Ignorance of one's abilities, health and physical characteristics and the inability to correlate them with the requirements of the profession can lead to an unjustified choice.

There is a demand in the labor market "NECESSARY".

This is knowledge about promising industries and what specialties are in demand on the labor market, what is the probability of finding a job in the chosen profession. An unemployed person is a win-win start to a working career. The demand for workers depends on their specialization and level of education.

Lead 2 : How to choose a profession so as not to regret later?

Know and imagine very well what you want from life.

Remember that it is impossible to make a choice once and for all, that you need to be ready for constant change.

Different paths lead to the same goal, and even obstacles can be turned into a training tool.

Work is important, but still only part of life.

American psychologist John Holland believes that each type of personality corresponds to a certain type of profession. If a person chooses a profession corresponding to his personality type, ensuring the realization of his values, then he will be able to achieve the greatest success in it.

Lead 1 : And now we want to distribute to you brochures that contain the rules for choosing a profession. And we end our class hour with these words:

You all have years growing,
Now you are 16.
Where do you work, friends,
What to do?

Annex 1

The questionnaire offered to high school students